Smoke exhaust device of diesel generating set

Abstract

The invention discloses a smoke exhaust device of a diesel generating set. The smoke exhaust device comprises a smoke exhaust pipe and a spark catcher. The spark trapper is composed of multiple layers of high-temperature-resistant metal nets and spiral baffles, sparks and particulate matter in smoke can be efficiently trapped, and the fire risk is reduced. The angle of the spiral baffle is dynamically adjusted through an automatic control system according to the smoke flow speed, and the capturing efficiency is optimized. The device is further provided with a cleaning opening, captured objects can be cleaned regularly, and the maintenance cost is reduced. The heat energy recovery assembly recovers flue gas waste heat through a spiral pipe type heat exchanger, and the energy utilization rate is increased. The smoke exhaust device has the advantages of efficient capture, automatic adjustment, convenience in maintenance, energy conservation, environmental protection and the like, and the performance and safety of the smoke exhaust device are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of diesel power generation equipment. More specifically, the present invention relates to a smoke exhaust device for a diesel generator set. Background Art

[0002] In many fields such as industrial production, construction, and communication, diesel generator sets are commonly used power supply equipment, which can ensure continuous power supply in case of power failure or insufficient power supply of the main power grid.

[0003] At present, there are many defects in the smoke exhaust devices of diesel generator sets on the market. Some devices have low capture efficiency for sparks and high-temperature particulate matters, and cannot effectively intercept dangerous components, so the safety and environmental protection risks still exist. Some devices have poor structural design, resulting in difficult maintenance and cleaning, increasing the use cost and workload. Moreover, with the increasingly strict environmental protection standards and the continuous improvement of safety production requirements, the existing smoke exhaust devices have been difficult to meet the actual needs.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a smoke exhaust device for a diesel generator set that can efficiently capture sparks and high-temperature particulate matters, has a reasonable structure and is convenient for maintenance and cleaning. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and provide at least the advantages described hereinafter.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a smoke exhaust device for a diesel generator set, which can efficiently capture sparks and high-temperature particulate matters in the flue gas, reducing the fire risk and pollution.

[0007] To achieve these objects and other advantages according to the present invention, there is provided a smoke exhaust device for a diesel generator set, which comprises: A smoke exhaust pipe, which is connected to the exhaust port of the diesel generator set and is used for discharging the high-temperature flue gas generated during the operation of the diesel generator set; A spark arrester, which is installed in the smoke exhaust pipe and is used for capturing sparks and high-temperature particulate matters in the flue gas. The spark arrester comprises: A housing, which is of a cylindrical structure and is provided with flanges at both ends for connecting to the smoke exhaust pipe; A metal mesh, which is woven by multiple layers of high-temperature resistant stainless steel wires, is cylindrical in shape, is installed inside the housing and is arranged coaxially with the housing. Both ends of the metal mesh are fixed on the inner wall of the housing through flanges; A spiral baffle, which is installed inside the housing and is located upstream of the metal mesh, is used for changing the flow direction of the flue gas, so that the sparks and particulate matters in the flue gas impact the metal mesh under the action of inertia; A cleaning port is provided at the bottom of the housing and is equipped with a detachable cover plate. A cleaning window is provided on the exhaust pipe, and the position of the cleaning window corresponds to the position of the cleaning port. The cleaning window is provided with a sealing structure. The cleaning port is used for regularly cleaning the captured sparks and particulate matters.

[0008] Preferably, the mesh size of the metal mesh is 2 - 3 mm, which can effectively intercept sparks and larger particulate matters.

[0009] Preferably, the spiral baffle is arranged on the inner wall of the housing, and the angle between the spiral line of the spiral baffle and the axis of the exhaust pipe is 15° - 45°.

[0010] Preferably, the spiral baffle includes: Multiple rotatable blades, the blades are installed on the inner wall of the housing through a rotating shaft, and the spiral angle of the blades is adjustable; A driving mechanism, the driving mechanism includes a stepper motor for driving the blades to rotate and adjust the spiral angle; A flow velocity sensor, the flow velocity sensor is installed in the exhaust pipe for real-time monitoring of the flow velocity of the flue gas; A control system, the control system is connected to the flow velocity sensor and the driving mechanism for automatically adjusting the spiral angle of the blades according to the flow velocity of the flue gas.

[0011] Preferably, the driving mechanism is installed outside the exhaust pipe. A first gear is rotatably arranged on the outer side of the housing. The rotating shaft rotatably penetrates the housing, and a second gear is arranged on the rotating shaft. A connecting rod is rotatably arranged outside the housing and is parallel to the axis of the housing. First and second bevel gears are respectively arranged at both ends of the connecting rod. The first bevel gear meshes with the first gear, and the second bevel gear meshes with the second gear. An opening is provided on the exhaust pipe, and the driving mechanism is arranged outside the exhaust pipe. The output shaft of the driving mechanism is connected to a third gear. The third gear penetrates into the interior of the exhaust pipe through the opening and meshes with the first gear. The driving mechanism drives the first gear to rotate, driving all the rotatable blades to synchronously adjust the spiral angle.

[0012] Preferably, the control system includes: A microcontroller for receiving the data of the flow velocity sensor and calculating the target spiral angle; A motor drive module for controlling the operation of the stepper motor to drive the blades to rotate to the target angle; An angle sensor for detecting the actual angle of the blades and feeding back the angle data to the control system.

[0013] Preferably, when the flow velocity sensor monitors that the flue gas flow velocity is lower than the set threshold, the control system controls the driving mechanism to reduce the spiral angle of the rotatable vane, making the flue gas flow path smoother and reducing the resistance; when the flue gas flow velocity is higher than the set threshold, the control system controls the driving mechanism to increase the spiral angle of the rotatable vane, strengthening the turbulence effect on the flue gas and improving the capture efficiency of sparks and particulate matter.

[0014] Preferably, when the flue gas flow velocity is in the first numerical range of 5 - 8 m / s, the adjustment range of the spiral angle of the rotatable vane is 15° - 25°; when it is in the second numerical range of 8 - 12 m / s, the spiral angle adjustment range is 25° - 35°; when it is in the third numerical range of 12 - 15 m / s, the spiral angle adjustment range is 35° - 45°.

[0015] Preferably, it further includes a heat energy recovery component, and the heat energy recovery component includes: A heat exchanger, which is installed downstream of the exhaust pipe and is used to recover the waste heat in the flue gas; A circulating water pipe, which is connected to the heat exchanger and is used to transfer the recovered heat energy to an external water use system; An induced draft fan, which is installed in the exhaust pipe, between the spark catcher and the heat exchanger, and is used to guide the flue gas to pass through the exhaust pipe quickly, ensuring smooth flue gas flow.

[0016] Preferably, the heat exchanger is a spiral tube heat exchanger, and the tube body of the spiral tube heat exchanger is arranged in a spiral shape in the exhaust pipe, which is used to increase the contact area between the flue gas and the circulating water pipe and improve the heat energy recovery efficiency.

[0017] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: First, the smoke exhaust device of the diesel generator set of the present invention can effectively capture sparks and high-temperature particulate matters in the flue gas through the metal mesh and spiral baffle in the spark arrester. The metal mesh is woven from multiple layers of high-temperature resistant stainless steel wires, and the mesh size is 2-3 mm, which can intercept sparks and larger particulate matters. The spiral baffle changes the flow direction of the flue gas, causing the sparks and particulate matters to impact the metal mesh under the action of inertia, significantly improving the capture efficiency, reducing the risk of fire, and ensuring the safety of equipment and personnel. Second, the spiral baffle in the device of the present invention is equipped with rotatable blades, a driving mechanism, and a control system, which can automatically adjust the spiral angle according to the flue gas flow rate. When the flue gas flow rate is low, the spiral angle is reduced to lower the flow resistance; when the flue gas flow rate is high, the spiral angle is increased to enhance the capture effect on sparks and particulate matters. This dynamic adjustment mechanism ensures the best capture effect on sparks and particulate matters at different flue gas flow rates, while controlling the smoke exhaust resistance within a reasonable range, improving the performance and efficiency of the equipment. Third, the present invention recovers the waste heat in the flue gas through a spiral tube heat exchanger and transfers the heat energy to the external water use system. The spiral design of the heat exchanger increases the contact area between the flue gas and the circulating water pipe, improving the heat energy recovery efficiency. The installation of the induced draft fan ensures smooth flue gas flow and further enhances the heat energy recovery effect. This design not only reduces energy waste but also lowers the operating cost, meeting the requirements of environmental protection and energy conservation.

[0018] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the present invention will be partially reflected by the following description and partially understood by those skilled in the art through the research and practice of the present invention. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a technical solution of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the installation of the rotatable blade in the housing of the present invention.

[0020] 1. Smoke exhaust pipe; 2. Housing; 3. Metal mesh; 4. Rotatable blade; 5. First gear; 6. Connecting rod; 7. Rotating shaft; 8. Third gear; 9. Driving mechanism. Detailed Embodiment

[0021] The following further detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it with reference to the text of the specification.

[0022] It should be understood that the terms such as "having", "including", and "comprising" used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or their combinations.

[0023] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the following implementation examples are all conventional methods, and the reagents and materials, unless otherwise specified, can all be obtained from commercial channels; in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "setting" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be fixedly connected and set, or detachably connected and set, or integrally connected and set. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. The orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "transverse", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0024] As Figure 1-2 shown, the present invention provides a smoke exhaust device for a diesel generator set, which includes: A smoke exhaust pipe 1, which is connected to the exhaust port of the diesel generator set and is used to discharge the high-temperature flue gas generated during the operation of the diesel generator set; A spark arrester, which is installed in the smoke exhaust pipe 1 and is used to capture the sparks and high-temperature particulate matters in the flue gas. The spark arrester includes: A housing 2, which is of a cylindrical structure and is provided with flanges at both ends for connecting with the smoke exhaust pipe 1; A metal mesh 3, which is woven by multiple layers of high-temperature resistant stainless steel wires, is cylindrical in shape, is installed inside the housing 2, and is arranged coaxially with the housing 2. Both ends of the metal mesh 3 are fixed on the inner wall of the housing 2 through flanges; A spiral baffle, which is installed inside the housing 2 and is located upstream of the metal mesh 3, is used to change the flow direction of the flue gas so that the sparks and particulate matters in the flue gas impact the metal mesh 3 under the action of inertia; A cleaning port, which is arranged at the bottom of the housing 2 and is equipped with a detachable cover plate. A cleaning window is arranged on the smoke exhaust pipe 1, and the position of the cleaning window is opposite to the position of the cleaning port. The cleaning window is provided with a sealing structure, and the cleaning port is used to regularly clean the captured sparks and particulate matters.

[0025] The smoke exhaust device of this technical solution is mainly composed of two major parts: the smoke exhaust pipe 1 and the spark arrester. The smoke exhaust pipe 1 is tightly connected to the exhaust port of the diesel generator set, and its material is selected as a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant alloy steel to ensure that it can withstand the pressure and corrosion of the high-temperature flue gas generated during the operation of the diesel generator set. The diameter of the smoke exhaust pipe 1 is adapted according to the power of the diesel generator set to ensure that the flue gas can be discharged smoothly.

[0026] The outer shell 2 of the spark arrester is designed with a cylindrical structure. This shape enables the flue gas to flow uniformly inside, reducing the flow resistance. The outer shell 2 is made of high-strength carbon steel, and its surface can be subjected to special anti-corrosion treatments such as hot-dip galvanizing and spraying high-temperature anti-corrosion paint to improve its corrosion resistance and service life. Standard flanges are provided at both ends of the outer shell 2 and are connected to the exhaust pipe 1 through a sealing gasket to ensure the sealing performance of the connection part and prevent flue gas leakage.

[0027] The metal mesh 3 of the spark arrester is finely woven from multiple layers of high-temperature-resistant stainless steel wires, is cylindrical in shape and is installed inside the outer shell 2, and is arranged coaxially with the outer shell 2. The number of layers of the metal mesh 3 is adjusted according to actual needs, and generally can be 3 - 5 layers to enhance the interception effect on sparks and particulate matter. The mesh size of the metal mesh 3 can be 2 - 3 mm, so that it can effectively intercept sparks and larger particulate matter while ensuring the normal flow of flue gas. Both ends of the metal mesh 3 are tightly fixed to the inner wall of the outer shell 2 through special flanges to prevent displacement under the impact of flue gas.

[0028] The spiral baffle of the spark arrester is installed inside the outer shell 2 and is located upstream of the metal mesh 3. The spiral baffle consists of multiple rotatable blades 4. The blades are installed on the inner wall of the outer shell 2 through a rotating shaft 7, and the material of the blades is selected as a high-temperature-resistant and high-strength alloy material. The rotatable angle design of the spiral baffle can change the flow direction of the flue gas, causing the sparks and particulate matter in the flue gas to impact the metal mesh 3 under the action of inertia.

[0029] The cleaning port of the spark arrester is arranged at the bottom of the outer shell 2 and is equipped with a detachable cover plate. A sealing rubber ring is used for sealing between the cover plate and the cleaning port to prevent flue gas leakage. A cleaning window is provided on the exhaust pipe 1, and the position of the cleaning window is opposite to the position of the cleaning port. The cleaning window is provided with a sealing structure such as a sealing rubber strip and a locking device to ensure the sealing performance during normal operation. The cleaning port is used for regularly cleaning the captured sparks and particulate matter, and maintenance personnel can conveniently clean the impurities accumulated on the metal mesh 3 through the cleaning window and the cleaning port.

[0030] The exhaust device of the present invention can effectively capture the sparks in the flue gas through the metal mesh 3 and the spiral baffle in the spark arrester, reduce the risk of fire occurrence, and ensure the safety of equipment and personnel; it can efficiently intercept the high-temperature particulate matter in the flue gas, reduce pollutant emissions, and make its emissions more environmentally friendly; through the adjustable spiral baffle and the optimally designed metal mesh 3, it can automatically adjust the capture method according to the flue gas flow rate, improving the capture efficiency; by providing a cleaning port and a cleaning window, it is convenient for maintenance personnel to regularly clean the captured sparks and particulate matter, reducing the maintenance cost and workload.

[0031] In another technical solution, the mesh size of the metal mesh 3 is 2 - 3 mm, which can effectively intercept sparks and larger particulate matter.

[0032] The metal mesh 3 is a multi-layer structure, which may include 3-5 layers of metal meshes 3 woven with high-temperature resistant stainless steel wires. The multi-layer metal meshes 3 are arranged in a concentric circle shape, with the centers of each layer of metal mesh 3 coinciding, and the diameters decreasing or increasing layer by layer. The spacing between the multi-layer metal meshes 3 is 10-20 mm, ensuring that the flue gas can pass through smoothly, while increasing the capture efficiency of sparks and particulate matter. Both ends of each layer of metal mesh 3 are fixed to the inner wall of the outer shell 2 through flanges, ensuring the stability and tightness of the metal mesh 3. The mesh size of the multi-layer metal meshes 3 decreases layer by layer. The mesh size of the outer layer of metal mesh 3 is 3 mm, and the mesh size of the inner layer of metal mesh 3 is 2 mm, so as to improve the interception efficiency of sparks and particulate matter. This technical solution effectively intercepts sparks and larger particulate matter through the metal mesh 3, significantly reducing the possibility of fire occurrence, while reducing pollutant emissions and protecting the atmospheric environment.

[0033] In another technical solution, when the metal mesh 3 is a multi-layer structure, the inner layer of the metal mesh 3 is recessed outward to form several enlarged sections in the inner layer of the metal mesh 3. The enlarged sections disrupt the originally relatively stable flow state of the flue gas, prompting the flue gas to generate turbulence. Turbulence makes the movement trajectories of sparks and particulate matter in the flue gas become complex. Parts that might originally avoid the metal mesh 3 change direction under the action of turbulence, increasing the chance of collision with the metal mesh 3 and enhancing the overall capture efficiency. According to Stokes' law, when the flow velocity decreases, the sedimentation velocity of particulate matter increases, and it is more likely to settle on the metal mesh 3 under the action of gravity, thus being captured, improving the capture ability for tiny particulate matter and further enhancing the purification effect of the smoke exhaust device.

[0034] In another technical solution, the spiral baffle is arranged on the inner wall of the outer shell 2, and the angle between the spiral line of the spiral baffle and the axis of the smoke exhaust pipe 1 is 15°-45°. The spiral baffle can be fixed to the inner wall of the outer shell 2 by welding or bolts, or can be rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the outer shell 2 through a rotating shaft 7 so that the spiral angle of the spiral baffle can be dynamically adjusted according to the flue gas flow velocity to optimize the flue gas flow path and the spark capture efficiency. By dynamically adjusting the spiral angle, it is ensured that the flue gas flows smoothly, reducing the flow resistance and enhancing the capture effect on sparks and particulate matter.

[0035] In another technical solution, the spiral baffle includes: a plurality of rotatable blades 4, the rotatable blades 4 are installed on the inner wall of the outer shell 2 through a rotating shaft 7, and the spiral angle of the rotatable blades 4 is adjustable; a driving mechanism 9, the driving mechanism 9 includes a stepper motor for driving the blades to rotate and adjust the spiral angle; a flow velocity sensor, the flow velocity sensor is installed in the smoke exhaust pipe 1 for real-time monitoring of the flow velocity of the flue gas; A control system, which is connected to a flow velocity sensor and a driving mechanism 9, is used to automatically adjust the spiral angle of the blades according to the flue gas flow velocity.

[0036] A plurality of rotatable blades 4 of the spiral baffle are rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the housing 2 through a rotating shaft 7. The rotating shaft 7 is parallel to the width direction of the blade and is fixed to the blade by a rigid fixing method (such as welding, bolts or key connection). One end of the rotating shaft 7 is fixed to the inner wall of the housing 2 through a bearing or a bushing to ensure that the rotating shaft 7 can rotate freely. The rotating shaft 7 is made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant alloy material, and its surface is hardened to reduce wear. The flow velocity sensor can accurately monitor the flow velocity of the flue gas in real time. The control system can adjust the driving mechanism 9 in time according to the data of the flow velocity sensor. In this technical solution, the adjustable spiral blades can adjust the angle in real time according to the flue gas flow velocity. When the flue gas flow velocity is low, the angle is reduced to reduce the resistance; when the flue gas flow velocity is high, the angle is increased to improve the capture efficiency.

[0037] In another technical solution, the driving mechanism 9 is installed outside the exhaust pipe 1. A first gear 5 is rotatably arranged on the outer side of the housing 2. The rotating shaft 7 rotatably penetrates the housing 2, and a second gear is arranged on the rotating shaft 7. A connecting rod 6 is rotatably arranged outside the housing 2, and the connecting rod 6 is parallel to the axis of the housing 2. The two ends of the connecting rod 6 are respectively provided with a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear. The first bevel gear meshes with the first gear 5, and the second bevel gear meshes with the second gear. An opening is provided on the exhaust pipe 1. The driving mechanism 9 is arranged outside the exhaust pipe 1. The output shaft of the driving mechanism 9 is connected to a third gear 8. The third gear 8 penetrates into the interior of the exhaust pipe 1 through the opening and meshes with the first gear 5. The driving mechanism 9 drives the first gear 5 to rotate, driving all the rotatable blades 4 to synchronously adjust the spiral angle.

[0038] In this technical solution, the driving mechanism 9 is installed outside the exhaust pipe 1, avoiding direct damage to electronic components such as motors by high-temperature flue gas and extending the service life of the equipment. The first gear 5 and the second gear are connected by the rotating shaft 7. The rotating shaft 7 penetrates the housing 2 and is ensured not to leak flue gas through a sealing component. The sealing component can adopt a double-sealing design, including a rubber sealing ring and sealing grease, to ensure that the flue gas will not leak. The two ends of the connecting rod 6 are respectively provided with a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear. The first bevel gear meshes with the first gear 5, and the second bevel gear meshes with the second gear, realizing the transmission of power through gear transmission. This design enables the power of the driving mechanism 9 to be efficiently transmitted to the rotatable blades 4, ensuring that all the blades synchronously adjust the spiral angle. A housing part is provided at the opening of the exhaust pipe 1 to enclose the third gear 8 inside the exhaust pipe 1.

[0039] In another technical solution, the control system includes: A microcontroller, which is used to receive data from a flow rate sensor and calculate the target helical angle; A motor drive module, which is used to control the operation of a stepper motor and drive the blade to rotate to the target angle; An angle sensor, which is used to detect the actual angle of the blade and feedback the angle data to the control system.

[0040] The microcontroller of the control system can adopt a high-performance ARM chip, which has strong data processing capabilities and rich interface resources, and can quickly and accurately receive data from the flow rate sensor and calculate the target helical angle. The motor drive module adopts a dedicated stepper motor drive chip, which can accurately control the operation of the stepper motor and provide stable drive current and voltage. The angle sensor adopts a high-precision Hall-type angle sensor, with a measurement accuracy of up to ±0.1°, which can accurately detect the actual angle of the blade in real time and feedback the angle data to the control system through high-speed serial communication. The control system of the present invention can quickly and accurately adjust the helical angle of the blade according to the flue gas flow rate, so that the smoke exhaust device is always in the best working state, improving the capture efficiency of sparks and particulate matter.

[0041] In another technical solution, when the flow rate sensor monitors that the flue gas flow rate is lower than the set threshold, the control system controls the drive mechanism 9 to reduce the helical angle of the rotatable blade 4, making the flue gas flow path smoother and reducing the resistance; when the flue gas flow rate is higher than the set threshold, the control system controls the drive mechanism 9 to increase the helical angle of the rotatable blade 4, strengthening the turbulence effect on the flue gas and improving the capture efficiency of sparks and particulate matter. An excessively large helical angle under low-speed flue gas may lead to an increase in flow resistance, and an excessively small helical angle under high-speed flue gas may lead to a reduction in the capture efficiency of sparks and particulate matter. Therefore, this technical solution reduces the helical angle under low-speed flue gas to reduce the flow resistance and ensure the smooth passage of flue gas, while increasing the helical angle under high-speed flue gas to enhance the capture effect of sparks and particulate matter.

[0042] In another technical solution, when the flue gas flow rate is in the first numerical range of 5 - 8 m / s, the adjustment range of the helical angle of the rotatable blade 4 is 15° - 25°; when it is in the second numerical range of 8 - 12 m / s, the helical angle adjustment range is 25° - 35°; when it is in the third numerical range of 12 - 15 m / s, the helical angle adjustment range is 35° - 45°. The control system can adjust the blade angle according to the flue gas flow rate data, achieving the best capture effect of sparks and particulate matter at different flue gas flow rates, while controlling the exhaust resistance within a reasonable range, further improving the performance and efficiency of the equipment.

[0043] In another technical solution, the control system further includes a flow rate change buffer module for storing flue gas flow rate data and its change trend over a past period of time, and updating the data in the flow rate change buffer module in real time through a sliding window algorithm; the control system predicts the change trend of the flue gas flow rate in the short term in the future based on the historical flow rate data in the flow rate change buffer module, and makes a small-angle adjustment of the spiral baffle in advance according to the prediction result; when it is detected that the flue gas flow rate is increasing rapidly, the control system increases the angle of the spiral baffle slightly in advance, and when it is detected that the flue gas flow rate is decreasing rapidly, the control system decreases the angle of the spiral baffle slightly in advance; the parameters of the buffer are dynamically adjusted according to the actual operating conditions to ensure a high adjustment accuracy under different working conditions.

[0044] According to the Navier-Stokes equation in fluid mechanics in this technical solution, the change of the flue gas flow rate has a certain continuity and inertia. By real-time monitoring of the change trend of the flue gas flow rate (such as the derivative or acceleration of the flow rate), the change direction (increase or decrease) of the flow rate in the short term in the future can be predicted. Then, based on the predictive control theory, the system can make a small-angle adjustment in advance at the initial stage of detecting the flow rate change, rather than making the adjustment after the flow rate change has occurred completely. This buffering mechanism can effectively reduce the adjustment lag, improve the dynamic response ability of the system, avoid the angle adjustment lag caused by the sudden change of the flow rate, and also avoid the system oscillation or instability caused by the excessive or too small angle adjustment.

[0045] More specifically: 1) Install a high-frequency flow velocity sensor in the exhaust pipe to collect flue gas flow velocity data in real time (e.g., collect once every 100 milliseconds). Calculate the rate of change of the flow velocity (i.e., the derivative of the flow velocity) to determine whether the flow velocity is accelerating, decelerating, or stable. 2) Set up a flow velocity change buffer module in the control system to store the flow velocity data and its change trend over a certain period of time (e.g., 1 second). Use the sliding window algorithm to update the data in the flow velocity change buffer module in real time to ensure that the flow velocity change buffer module always contains the latest flow velocity change information. 3) Use linear regression or Kalman filtering algorithms to predict the change trend of the flue gas flow velocity in the short term (e.g., 0.5 seconds) based on the historical flow velocity data in the buffer. According to the prediction results, determine whether it is necessary to adjust the angle of the spiral baffle in advance. 4) When the system detects that the flue gas flow velocity is increasing rapidly, slightly increase the angle of the spiral baffle in advance (e.g., increase by 5°) to cope with the upcoming high-speed flue gas. When the system detects that the flue gas flow velocity is decreasing rapidly, slightly decrease the angle of the spiral baffle in advance (e.g., decrease by 5°) to cope with the upcoming low-speed flue gas. This advance adjustment has a small amplitude and will not cause too much impact on the system, but can effectively reduce the adjustment lag. 5) Dynamically adjust the time window length and prediction time range of the flow velocity change buffer module according to the actual operating conditions. For example, in the case of relatively drastic changes in the flue gas flow velocity, shorten the time window length and increase the prediction frequency to improve the system's response speed. Through an adaptive control algorithm, optimize the parameter settings of the flow velocity change buffer module according to the actual adjustment effect of the system to ensure a high adjustment accuracy under different working conditions.

[0046] In another technical solution, it further includes a heat energy recovery component, and the heat energy recovery component includes: A heat exchanger, which is installed downstream of the exhaust pipe 1 and is used to recover the waste heat in the flue gas; A circulating water pipe, which is connected to the heat exchanger and is used to transfer the recovered heat energy to an external water use system; An induced draft fan, which is installed in the exhaust pipe 1 and is located between the spark arrester and the heat exchanger, and is used to guide the flue gas to pass through the exhaust pipe 1 quickly to ensure smooth flue gas flow.

[0047] The heat energy recovery component includes a heat exchanger, a circulating water pipe, an induced draft fan, etc. The heat exchanger is installed downstream of the exhaust pipe 1 and is used to recover the waste heat in the flue gas; the circulating water pipe is connected to the heat exchanger and is used to transfer the recovered heat energy to an external water use system; the induced draft fan is installed in the exhaust pipe 1 and is located between the spark arrester and the heat exchanger, and is used to guide the flue gas to pass through the exhaust pipe 1 quickly to ensure smooth flue gas flow.

[0048] In another technical solution, the heat exchanger is a spiral tube heat exchanger, and the tube body of the spiral tube heat exchanger is spirally arranged in the exhaust pipe 1, which is used to increase the contact area between the flue gas and the circulating water pipe and improve the heat energy recovery efficiency.

[0049] The tube body of the spiral tube heat exchanger is spirally arranged in the exhaust pipe 1, which is used to increase the contact area between the flue gas and the circulating water pipe and improve the heat energy recovery efficiency.

[0050] <Example 1> An exhaust device for a diesel generator set, which comprises: An exhaust pipe 1, which is connected to the exhaust port of the diesel generator set and is used to discharge the high-temperature flue gas generated during the operation of the diesel generator set; the diameter of the exhaust pipe in this embodiment is 250 mm, and the rated power of the diesel generator set is 500 kW; A spark arrester, which is installed in the exhaust pipe 1 and is used to capture the sparks and high-temperature particulate matters in the flue gas. The spark arrester comprises: A housing 2, which is of a cylindrical structure and is provided with flanges at both ends for connecting to the exhaust pipe 1; A metal mesh 3, which is woven from multiple layers of high-temperature resistant stainless steel wires, is cylindrical in shape, is installed inside the housing 2, and is coaxially arranged with the housing 2. Both ends of the metal mesh 3 are fixed on the inner wall of the housing 2 through flanges; A spiral baffle, which is installed inside the housing 2 and is located upstream of the metal mesh 3, is used to change the flow direction of the flue gas so that the sparks and particulate matters in the flue gas impact the metal mesh 3 under the action of inertia; A cleaning port, which is arranged at the bottom of the housing 2 and is equipped with a detachable cover plate. A cleaning window is arranged on the exhaust pipe 1, and the position of the cleaning window is opposite to the position of the cleaning port. The cleaning window is provided with a sealing structure, and the cleaning port is used to regularly clean the captured sparks and particulate matters.

[0051] Further, the mesh size of the metal mesh 3 is 2-3 mm, which can effectively intercept sparks and larger particulate matters.

[0052] Further, the spiral baffle is arranged on the inner wall of the housing 2, and the angle between the spiral line of the spiral baffle and the axis of the exhaust pipe 1 is 15-45°.

[0053] Further, the spiral baffle comprises: Multiple rotatable blades 4, the blades are installed on the inner wall of the housing 2 through a rotating shaft 7, and the spiral angle of the blades is adjustable; A driving mechanism 9, the driving mechanism 9 comprises a stepping motor and is used to drive the blades to rotate and adjust the spiral angle; A flow velocity sensor, which is installed in the exhaust pipe 1 and is used to monitor the flow velocity of the flue gas in real time; Control system, which is connected to a flow velocity sensor and a drive mechanism 9, and is used to automatically adjust the spiral angle of the blades according to the flue gas flow velocity.

[0054] Furthermore, the drive mechanism 9 is installed outside the housing 2 and is connected to a plurality of rotatable blades 4 through a transmission shaft; the transmission shaft penetrates through the side wall of the housing 2, and a sealing component is used to ensure that the flue gas does not leak; each rotatable blade 4 is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft through a connecting rod 6, one end of the connecting rod 6 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 7 of the blade, and the other end is connected to the transmission shaft through a gear; the drive mechanism 9 drives the transmission shaft to rotate, driving all the rotatable blades 4 to synchronously adjust the spiral angle.

[0055] Furthermore, the control system includes: A microcontroller, which is used to receive the data from the flow velocity sensor and calculate the target spiral angle; A motor drive module, which is used to control the operation of the stepper motor and drive the blade to rotate to the target angle; An angle sensor, which is used to detect the actual angle of the blade and feed back the angle data to the control system.

[0056] Furthermore, when the flow velocity sensor monitors that the flue gas flow velocity is lower than the set threshold, the control system controls the drive mechanism 9 to reduce the spiral angle of the rotatable blades 4, making the flue gas flow path smoother and reducing the resistance; when the flue gas flow velocity is higher than the set threshold, the control system controls the drive mechanism 9 to increase the spiral angle of the rotatable blades 4, strengthening the turbulence effect on the flue gas and improving the capture efficiency of sparks and particulate matter.

[0057] Furthermore, when the flue gas flow velocity is in the first numerical range of 5 - 8 m / s, the adjustment range of the spiral angle of the rotatable blades 4 is 15° - 25°; when it is in the second numerical range of 8 - 12 m / s, the spiral angle adjustment range is 25° - 35°; when it is in the third numerical range of 12 - 15 m / s, the spiral angle adjustment range is 35° - 45°.

[0058] Furthermore, it also includes a heat energy recovery component, and the heat energy recovery component includes: A heat exchanger, which is installed downstream of the exhaust pipe 1 and is used to recover the waste heat in the flue gas; A circulating water pipe, which is connected to the heat exchanger and is used to transfer the recovered heat energy to an external water use system; An induced draft fan, which is installed in the exhaust pipe 1, between the spark arrester and the heat exchanger, and is used to guide the flue gas to quickly pass through the exhaust pipe 1 to ensure smooth flue gas flow.

[0059] Further, the heat exchanger is a spiral tube heat exchanger, and the tube body of the spiral tube heat exchanger is spirally arranged in the exhaust pipe 1, which is used to increase the contact area between the flue gas and the circulating water pipe and improve the heat energy recovery efficiency.

[0060] <Effect test> Comparative Example 1: The difference from <Example 1> is that there is no spiral baffle.

[0061] Comparative Example 2: The difference from <Example 1> is that the angle range of the spiral baffle is fixed at 10°.

[0062] Comparative Example 3: The difference from <Example 1> is that the angle range of the spiral baffle is fixed at 15°. Comparative Example 4: The difference from <Example 1> is that the angle range of the spiral baffle is fixed at 45°.

[0063] When the flue gas velocity is in the first numerical range of 5 - 8 m / s, the second numerical range of 8 - 12 m / s, and the third numerical range of 12 - 15 m / s respectively, after stabilizing the operation for 5 minutes in each velocity range, measure the average concentrations of sparks and particulate matter in the flue gas at the outlet of the exhaust pipe 1. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0064] Table 1 Measurement results Example 1 has the best effect in capturing sparks and particulate matter, and the average concentrations of both sparks and particulate matter are 0. In Comparative Example 1, due to the absence of a spiral baffle, the average spark concentration is as high as 487 per m³, and the average particulate matter concentration reaches 764 μg / m³, which is much higher than other groups, highlighting the key role of the spiral baffle in the capture effect. Although Comparative Examples 2 - 4 have spiral baffles with fixed angles, the effect is not as good as that of Example 1. The 10° angle in Comparative Example 2 is relatively small, and the average capture effect is poor. It may be because the flue gas velocity is relatively fast and the angle of the spiral baffle is small, which affects the capture effect. Therefore, the effect of 15° in Comparative Example 3 is improved; although the 45° in Comparative Example 4 reduces the average concentrations of both spark concentration and particulate matter concentration to 0, it will obviously increase the flue gas flow resistance at low flow rates. Overall, it shows that the spiral baffle and its adjustable angle design can effectively capture sparks and particulate matter at different flue gas velocities and improve the comprehensive performance of the exhaust gas device.

[0065] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, additional modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the examples shown and described herein.

Claims

1. The smoke exhaust device of the diesel generator set is characterized by: include: A smoke exhaust pipe, which is connected to the exhaust port of the diesel generator set and is used to exhaust the high-temperature smoke generated when the diesel generator set is running; A spark arrester is installed in the smoke exhaust pipe to capture sparks and high-temperature particles in the smoke. The spark arrester includes: The outer shell is a cylindrical structure with flanges at both ends for connection with the smoke exhaust pipe; The metal mesh is woven from multiple layers of high temperature resistant stainless steel wires, is cylindrical, and is installed inside the shell and arranged coaxially with the shell. Both ends of the metal mesh are fixed to the inner wall of the shell through flanges. A spiral baffle, which is installed inside the housing and located upstream of the metal mesh, is used to change the flow direction of the flue gas so that sparks and particles in the flue gas hit the metal mesh under the action of inertia; A cleaning port is arranged at the bottom of the shell and is equipped with a detachable cover. A cleaning window is arranged on the smoke exhaust pipe. The cleaning window is located opposite to the cleaning port. The cleaning window is provided with a sealing structure. The cleaning port is used to regularly clean captured sparks and particulate matter.

2. The smoke exhaust device of a diesel generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mesh size of the metal mesh is 2-3 mm, which can effectively intercept sparks and larger particles.

3. The smoke exhaust device of a diesel generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral baffle is arranged on the inner wall of the shell, and the angle between the spiral line of the spiral baffle and the axis of the smoke exhaust pipe is 15°-45°.

4. The smoke exhaust device of a diesel generator set according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spiral baffle comprises: A plurality of rotatable blades, wherein the blades are mounted on the inner wall of the housing via a rotating shaft, and the spiral angle of the blades is adjustable; A driving mechanism, the driving mechanism comprising a stepping motor, for driving the blades to rotate and adjusting the spiral angle; A flow rate sensor, which is installed in the smoke exhaust pipe and is used to monitor the flow rate of the smoke in real time; A control system is connected with the flow velocity sensor and the driving mechanism and is used for automatically adjusting the spiral angle of the blade according to the flue gas flow velocity.

5. The smoke exhaust device of a diesel generator set according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving mechanism is installed on the outside of the smoke exhaust pipe, and a first gear is rotatably provided on the outside of the shell, a rotating shaft rotatably penetrates the shell, and a second gear is provided on the rotating shaft, a connecting rod is rotatably provided on the outside of the shell, and the connecting rod is parallel to the axis of the shell, and a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear are respectively provided at both ends of the connecting rod, wherein the first bevel gear is meshed with the first gear, and the second bevel gear is meshed with the second gear, an opening is provided on the smoke exhaust pipe, and the driving mechanism is provided on the outside of the smoke exhaust pipe, and the output shaft of the driving mechanism is connected with the third gear, and the third gear penetrates into the interior of the smoke exhaust pipe through the opening and meshes with the first gear, and the driving mechanism drives all rotatable blades to synchronously adjust the spiral angle by driving the first gear to rotate.

6. The smoke exhaust device of a diesel generator set according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control system comprises: a microcontroller, for receiving data from the flow rate sensor and calculating a target spiral angle; The motor drive module is used to control the operation of the stepper motor and drive the blades to rotate to the target angle; The angle sensor is used to detect the actual angle of the blade and feed the angle data back to the control system.

7. The smoke exhaust device of a diesel generator set according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the flow rate sensor detects that the flue gas flow rate is lower than the set threshold, the control system controls the driving mechanism to reduce the spiral angle of the rotatable blades to make the flue gas flow path smoother and reduce resistance; when the flue gas flow rate is higher than the set threshold, the control system controls the driving mechanism to increase the spiral angle of the rotatable blades to enhance the turbulence effect on the flue gas and improve the efficiency of capturing sparks and particulate matter.

8. The smoke exhaust device of a diesel generator set according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the flue gas flow rate is in the first numerical range of 5-8 m / s, the spiral angle adjustment range of the rotatable blade is 15°-25°; when it is in the second numerical range of 8-12 m / s, the spiral angle adjustment range is 25°-35°; when it is in the third numerical range of 12-15 m / s, the spiral angle adjustment range is 35°-45°.

9. The smoke exhaust device of a diesel generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a heat recovery component, the heat recovery component comprising: A heat exchanger, which is installed downstream of the smoke exhaust pipe and is used to recover waste heat in the smoke; A circulating water pipe, which is connected to a heat exchanger and is used to transfer the recovered heat energy to an external water system; The induced draft fan is installed in the smoke exhaust pipe and is located between the spark arrester and the heat exchanger. It is used to guide the smoke to pass through the smoke exhaust pipe quickly to ensure smooth flow of the smoke.

10. The smoke exhaust device of a diesel generator set according to claim 9, characterized in that: The heat exchanger is a spiral tube heat exchanger, and the tube body of the spiral tube heat exchanger is arranged in a spiral shape in the smoke exhaust pipe to increase the contact area between the smoke and the circulating water pipe and improve the heat energy recovery efficiency.

Images