Bird nest-like structure friction dissipation shock absorber

Abstract

The invention provides a bird nest-like structure friction dissipation shock absorber which comprises a sensor cabin used for containing a sensor; the guide post is fixed at the central axis position of the shell; the shell is used for installing the sensor cabin; the bird-nest-like structures are located in the shell on the upper side and the lower side of the sensor cabin, and the upper cover covers the upper surface of the bird-nest-like structure on the upper layer and provides pressure during pre-tightening; the base is used for fixing the guide column and is matched with the mounting position; the guide column penetrates through the sensor cabin and the upper cover. Contact points in the structure of the friction dissipation shock absorber with the similar bird nest structure are numerous, and the contact points are rubbed during vibration. Low-frequency vibration is hardly influenced by a bird nest-like structure and can be accurately collected by the sensor; high-frequency vibration is dissipated and attenuated by friction, and the higher the vibration frequency is, the larger the attenuation is, so that the influence and damage of the high-frequency vibration to the sensor are weakened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shock absorption, in particular to a friction dissipation shock absorber with a bird's nest-like structure. Background Art

[0002] High-frequency vibration often imposes great restrictions and threats on sensors. High-frequency vibration affects the accuracy of low-frequency acquisition and greatly reduces the service life of the sensor. However, the environment where a sensor used to collect low-frequency vibration signals is located often inevitably has high-frequency vibration. For example, when using an axle box acceleration sensor to collect low-frequency track information, high-speed wheel-rail contact and gear meshing impose extremely destructive high-frequency vibration on the sensor. Although common shock absorption systems such as hydraulic shock absorbers can suppress high-frequency vibrations to a certain extent, their low-frequency vibration transmission ratio is not 1:1, and the closer the signal is to the resonance frequency, the less accurately it can be collected. When adjusting elasticity and damping, there will be an embarrassing situation where the resonance effect is reduced but the high-frequency attenuation effect is weakened at the same time. Therefore, a new shock absorption system is urgently needed, which requires that it can accurately collect low-frequency signals, be minimally affected by resonance, and significantly attenuate high-frequency vibrations. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a friction dissipation shock absorber with a bird's nest structure. In the structure, the size of the rods is determined according to the attenuation requirements, and the rods are in a naturally stacked contact state without any bonding. During the vibration process, the energy of high-frequency vibration is dissipated by the friction between the rods.

[0004] The present invention fixes the sensor in the sensor cabin, which has the function of creating a clean environment for the sensor on the one hand and preventing the sensor from being locally impacted by the bird's nest-like structure on the other hand. The sensor cabin is passed through a guide column to ensure that it can only reciprocate along the compression direction of the bird's nest-like structure, so as to prevent it from hitting the cylindrical shell of the shock absorber in more complex movement situations and causing interference. The guide column cooperates with the screw hole at the bottom of the cylindrical shell and is fixed to the central axis of the cylinder, and the bird's nest-like structure is filled in the upper and lower spaces of the sensor cabin, and appropriate pre-tightening is applied with the upper cover. At this point, the shock absorber is installed. When external vibration occurs, the sensor cabin will move with the vibration of the shell. During this process, the bird's nest-like structure is repeatedly compressed and unloaded. During this process, the adjacent long and thin rods that make up the bird's nest-like structure are repeatedly in contact and rubbed, and the vibration energy is consumed by friction to achieve a shock-absorbing effect. At the same time, the characteristic of the friction damping system is that when the amplitude of the friction force and the elastic force is greater than 1.4, theoretically, the low-frequency vibration will be transmitted 1:1 without distortion to the sensor cabin and then to the sensor for collection, while the high-frequency vibration will be attenuated, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the sensor from damage and influence of high-frequency vibration.

[0005] More specifically, the present invention provides a friction dissipation damper of a bird's nest structure, comprising:

[0006] A sensor cabin for housing sensors;

[0007] A guide post fixed at the central axis position of the outer shell;

[0008] An outer shell for mounting the sensor cabin;

[0009] A bird's nest-like structure located in the outer shell on both the upper and lower sides of the sensor cabin;

[0010] An upper cover covering the upper surface of the upper bird's nest-like structure and providing pressure during pre-tightening;

[0011] A base for fixing the guide post and mating with the installation position;

[0012] The guide post penetrates through the sensor cabin and the upper cover.

[0013] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] In the bird's nest-like structure friction dissipation shock absorber structure, there are numerous contact points, and the contact points undergo friction during vibration. Low-frequency vibration is hardly affected by the bird's nest-like structure and can be accurately collected by the sensor; high-frequency vibration is attenuated by friction dissipation, and the higher the vibration frequency, the greater the attenuation. Therefore, the influence and damage of high-frequency vibration on the sensor are weakened. The shock absorber structure is simple and convenient to install. Only by adjusting the pre-tightening force applied by the pre-tightening nut or adjusting the material and size of the rod under the condition that the amplitudes of the frictional force and the elastic force are greater than 1.4 according to the acquisition requirements.

[0015] The bird's nest-like structure is applied as a vibration isolation structure. That is, it is naturally formed by the gravity accumulation of equal-sized slender rods. The characteristic of this shock absorber is that it attenuates high-frequency vibration to protect the sensor from the influence and damage of high-frequency vibration without affecting the acquisition of low-frequency vibration. The cut-off frequency is controllable. Description of the Drawings

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 The positive three-axis diagram of a bird's nest-like structure friction dissipation shock absorber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 The sectional view of a bird's nest-like structure friction dissipation shock absorber provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure, the reference numerals are:

[0020] Sensor cabin 1, sensor 2, guide post 3, outer shell 4, bird's nest-like structure 5, base 6, upper cover 7, pre-tightening nut 8. Detailed implementation

[0021] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0022] The present invention provides a bird's nest-like structure friction dissipation shock absorber, which includes: a sensor cabin 1 for containing a sensor 2. The sensor cabin 1 is located in the middle of the outer shell 4 and is divided into upper and lower parts, and the two parts are fitted together. Square holes are opened on the cabin wall for leading out the sensor wires. The central hole of the sensor cabin 1 is penetrated by the guide post 3, and all degrees of freedom except the axial translation degree of freedom are restricted by the guide post 3.

[0023] The guide post 3 is fixed at the axis position of the outer shell 4 by the cooperation of the bottom thread and the screw hole of the base. The upper end of the guide post 3 also has a thread for screwing the pre-tightening nut 8.

[0024] The outer shell 4 is in the shape of an open cylindrical barrel. The diameter of the barrel bottom is larger than the outer diameter of the barrel body, and there are bolt holes on it for fixing the entire shock absorber. There is a circular hole in the middle of the outer shell 4 for leading out the sensor wires.

[0025] The bird's nest-like structure 5 is formed by the natural accumulation of equal-sized slender rods under the action of gravity. The material and geometric information of the slender rods can be flexibly determined according to specific circumstances. Usually, the material of the slender rods is wood, plastic or metal or a mixture, and the shape is such that the slenderness ratio is greater than 10, and the length cannot exceed the barrel radius. Figure 1 Shown in is a specific embodiment, with the material being wood, the length being 50 mm, and the diameter being 2 mm. There is no adhesive on the rod surface. The rods are fixed in position by contacting and rubbing against adjacent rods and form a stable bird's nest-like structure under the action of gravity. The bird's nest-like structure 5 is evenly distributed on both the upper and lower sides of the sensor cabin 1 in the outer shell 4 to provide the elasticity and dissipation effect of the shock absorber.

[0026] The base 6 is circular in shape, and the through holes on it correspond to the bottom holes of the outer shell 4 for fixing the entire shock absorber. There is a threaded through hole at the center position for fixing the guide post 3.

[0027] The upper cover 7 is penetrated by the guide post 3 and all degrees of freedom except the axial translation degree of freedom are restricted by the guide post 3. It covers the upper surface of the upper-layer bird's nest-like structure and provides pressure during pre-tightening.

[0028] The pre-tightening nut 8 is located above the upper cover 7 and is in threaded fit with the top end of the guiding column 3. It provides a pre-tightening force for the bird's nest-like structure 5 by being tightened.

Claims

1. A friction dissipation shock absorber of a bird's nest structure, characterized in that: include: A sensor cabin, used for containing sensors; A guide column, fixed at the central axis position of the shell; A housing for mounting the sensor pod; A bird's nest-like structure located in the housing on the upper and lower sides of the sensor cabin; The upper cover covers the upper surface of the upper bird's nest structure and provides pressure during pre-tightening; A base, used to fix the guide column and matched with the installation position; The guide post passes through the sensor compartment and the upper cover.

2. The bird's nest structure friction dissipation shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor cabin is divided into two parts, the upper and lower parts, which are embedded together.

3. The bird's nest structure friction dissipation shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: There is a square hole in the bulkhead for leading out the sensor wire.

4. The bird's nest structure friction dissipation shock absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The central hole of the sensor capsule is penetrated by a guide column, and the sensor capsule is restricted by the guide column in all degrees of freedom except the degree of freedom of axial translation.

5. The bird's nest structure friction dissipation shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide column is fixed to the axial position of the shell through the bottom thread and the base screw hole. The outer side of the guide column is provided with a thread for tightening the pre-tightening nut.

6. The bird's nest structure friction dissipation shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shell is an open cylindrical barrel, the diameter of the barrel bottom is larger than the outer diameter of the barrel body, and there are bolt holes on it for fixing the entire shock absorber. There is a round hole in the middle of the outer shell 4 for leading out the sensor wire.

7. The bird's nest structure friction dissipation shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shock absorber utilizes a bird's nest-like structure for vibration reduction. The bird's nest-like structure is equally distributed in the upper and lower outer shells of the sensor cabin, providing elasticity and dissipation for the shock absorber.

8. The friction dissipation shock absorber of a bird's nest structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bird's nest-like structure is formed by the natural accumulation of long and thin rods of equal size under the action of gravity. There is no adhesive on the surface of the rods. The rods are fixed in position by contact and friction with adjacent rods, forming a stable bird's nest-like structure under the action of gravity.

9. The bird's nest structure friction dissipation shock absorber according to claim 8, characterized in that: The base is circular, and the through hole on the base corresponds to the bottom hole of the outer shell, which is used to fix the entire shock absorber. There is a threaded through hole at the center of the base for fixing the guide column.

10. The bird's nest structure friction dissipation shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover is penetrated by the guide column and restricted by the guide column in all degrees of freedom except the degree of freedom of axial translation. The pre-tightening nut is located above the upper cover and cooperates with the top thread of the guide column. It provides pre-tightening force for the bird's nest-like structure by tightening.

11. The friction dissipation shock absorber of a bird's nest structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The thin rod is made of wood, plastic or metal or a mixture of the two or more, and has a shape with a slenderness ratio greater than 10, and its length cannot exceed the radius of the shell.

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