Variable-load adaptive rich-lean separation combustion device

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable-load adaptive rich-lean separation combustion device, and belongs to the field of direct-current combustors. The air outlet end of the burner is fixedly connected with a bluff body, the upper end of the bluff body is a thick side air pipe, and the lower end of the bluff body is a thin side air pipe; the end where an air inlet of the burner is located is fixedly connected with a partition plate, and the lower end of the partition plate is an inferior coal inlet channel; one end of the partition plate is further connected with an adjusting baffle through a rotating device. A plurality of adjusting blades connected through a rotating device are arranged in the combustor; the adjusting blades are obliquely arranged from the bottom of the inner side of the combustor to the bluff body. According to the method, the influence of coal quality fluctuation on the variable-load operation stability of the coal-fired boiler is reduced by screening coal types and distinguishing high-quality and inferior coal, the purpose of rapid variable-load peak regulation is achieved by blending the screened high-quality coal with the inferior coal, and meanwhile, the blade angle is changed in real time, so that the variable-load operation stability of the coal-fired boiler is improved. And the concentration ratio of the pulverized coal at the outlet of the burner is changed, so that the requirements of different loads on different concentration ratios of the pulverized coal are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a variable load adaptable rich-lean separation combustion device, belonging to the field of tangentially fired coal burners. Background Art

[0002] To meet the grid peak shaving requirements, coal-fired boilers need to operate at wide loads. As the main combustion component of tangentially fired coal boilers with four corners, the structure of tangentially fired coal burners is designed based on the parameters under rated load, resulting in that the structure of tangentially fired coal burners cannot well adapt to the combustion requirements under different loads, and the combustion effect of the burners is not ideal. Therefore, a variable load adaptable rich-lean separation combustion device is proposed to meet the rapid variable load requirements of coal-fired boilers. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a variable load adaptable rich-lean separation combustion device to solve the above problems in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A variable load adaptable rich-lean separation combustion device includes a burner; a bluff body is fixedly connected to the end where the air outlet of the burner is located, the upper end of the bluff body is a rich side air duct, and the lower end of the bluff body is a lean side air duct; a partition plate is fixedly connected to the end where the air inlet of the burner is located, the upper end of the partition plate is a high-quality coal inlet passage, and the lower end of the partition plate is a low-quality coal inlet passage; one end of the partition plate is also connected with an adjusting baffle through a rotating device; a plurality of adjusting vanes connected through a rotating device are arranged inside the burner; the plurality of adjusting vanes are arranged obliquely from the inner bottom of the burner to the position of the bluff body.

[0006] Further, the low-quality coal inlet passage is communicated with a low-quality coal storage bin through a pipeline.

[0007] Further, the high-quality coal inlet passage is communicated with a high-quality coal storage bin through a pipeline.

[0008] Further, the low-quality coal storage bin and the high-quality coal storage bin are communicated with a coal type screening device through pipelines.

[0009] Further, the bluff body is triangular prism-shaped.

[0010] Further, the rotation angle range of the adjusting vanes is 0 - 40°.

[0011] Further, when the adjusting vanes rotate to the maximum angle with the horizontal plane, the coal powder concentration at the rich side air duct is the highest.

[0012] Further, when the adjusting vanes rotate to the minimum angle with the horizontal plane, the coal powder concentration at the rich side air duct is the lowest.

[0013] Furthermore, when the rotating free end of the adjusting baffle does not contact the inner wall of the burner after rotation, high-quality coal and low-quality coal are mixed to assist the combustion during the process of the boiler increasing the load.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By screening coal types and distinguishing between high-quality and low-quality coal, the present invention reduces the influence of coal quality fluctuations on the stability of variable-load operation of coal-fired boilers, and uses the method of mixing the screened high-quality coal with low-quality coal to achieve the purpose of rapid variable-load peak regulation. At the same time, the present invention also changes the concentration ratio of pulverized coal at the burner outlet by changing the blade angle in real time, so as to meet the requirements of different loads for different concentration ratios of pulverized coal. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable-load adaptable concentration-separated combustion device of the present invention.

[0016] In the figure: 1. Coal type screening device; 2. Low-quality coal storage bin; 3. High-quality coal storage bin; 4. High-quality coal inlet channel; 5. Low-quality coal inlet channel; 6. Adjusting baffle; 7. Adjusting blade; 8. Rotating device; 9. Dense-side air duct; 10. Lean-side air duct; 11. Bluff body; 12. Burner; 13. Partition plate. Detailed Embodiments

[0017] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0018] Detailed Embodiment 1: As Figure 1As shown in the figure, this embodiment describes a variable-load adaptable lean-rich separation combustion device, including a burner 12; a blunt body 11 is fixedly connected to the end where the air outlet of the burner 12 is located. The upper end of the blunt body 11 is a rich-side air duct 9, and the lower end of the blunt body is a lean-side air duct 10; a partition plate 13 is fixedly connected to the end where the air inlet of the burner 12 is located. The upper end of the partition plate 13 is a high-quality coal inlet passage 4, and the lower end of the partition plate 13 is a low-quality coal inlet passage 5; one end of the partition plate 13 is also connected to an adjustment baffle 6 through a rotating device 8; a plurality of adjustment vanes 7 connected through the rotating device 8 are arranged inside the burner 12; the plurality of adjustment vanes 7 are arranged obliquely from the inner bottom of the burner 12 to the position of the blunt body 11. The rotating device 8 includes a driving motor and a rotating shaft connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, and the rotating shaft is connected to the corresponding adjustment vane 7 or adjustment baffle 6; the driving motor of the rotating device 8 is electrically connected to the controller. The adjustment of the adjustment baffle 6 can adjust the addition of high-quality coal by increasing or decreasing the plate according to the variable-load demand. The angle of the adjustment vane 7 is adjusted according to the change of the variable-load demand, and the lean-rich ratio at the outlet of the burner 12 is changed, so as to meet the different lean-rich ratio requirements under different loads.

[0019] The low-quality coal inlet passage 5 is connected to the low-quality coal storage bin 2 through a pipeline.

[0020] The high-quality coal inlet passage 4 is connected to the high-quality coal storage bin 3 through a pipeline.

[0021] The low-quality coal storage bin 2 and the high-quality coal storage bin 3 are connected to the coal type screening device 1 through pipelines.

[0022] The blunt body 11 is triangular prism-shaped, and the blunt body 11 divides the burner outlet into a rich-side air duct 9 and a lean-side air duct 10, strengthening the recirculation of the pulverized coal airflow at the outlet.

[0023] The range of the rotation angle of the adjustment vane 7 is 0 - 40°.

[0024] When the adjustment vane 7 rotates to the maximum angle with the horizontal plane, the pulverized coal concentration at the rich-side air duct 9 is the highest.

[0025] When the adjustment vane 7 rotates to the minimum angle with the horizontal plane, the pulverized coal concentration at the rich-side air duct 9 is the lowest.

[0026] When the free end of the adjustment baffle 6 does not contact the inner wall of the burner 12 after rotation, high-quality coal and low-quality coal are mixed to assist combustion during the boiler load increase process.

[0027] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: During the process of variable load, the instructions given by the power plant staff are sent to the processor, and the processor transmits the signal to the drive motor of the rotating device 8. The rotating device 8 controls and adjusts the angle of the regulating vane 7 in real time through the drive motor and the rotating shaft. The air flow entering the burner 12 from the inlet of the burner 12 is blocked by the regulating vane 7, changing the flow direction. The larger the angle between the regulating vane 7 and the horizontal plane, the greater the pulverized coal concentration at the thick-side air duct 9 and the smaller the pulverized coal concentration at the lean-side air duct 10, thereby achieving different pulverized coal concentration separation effects. When the boiler burns at different loads, there are different optimal concentration ratios. Therefore, by adjusting the angle of the adjustable vane 7, the pulverized coal concentration separation ratio at the burner outlet can reach the optimum under variable load conditions.

[0028] During the actual operation process, when the boiler rapidly increases the load starting from a low load, due to the large changes in the coal feeding amount and the air supply amount, it may cause the phenomenon of unstable boiler combustion. To avoid boiler flameout, when the boiler rapidly increases the load starting from a low load, a signal is transmitted to the rotating device 8 through the processor, and the angle of the regulating baffle 6 is changed to supply high-quality coal into the burner 12 to assist the combustion during the boiler load increase process; when the boiler load rises to a relatively high load (where the boiler is not easily flameout), a signal is transmitted to the rotating device 8 through the processor, and the angle of the regulating baffle 6 is changed to close the high-quality coal inlet passage 4.

[0029] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, in any aspect, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent conditions of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0030] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to the embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A variable load adaptive thick-thin separation combustion device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a burner (12); a bluff body (11) is fixedly connected to the end where the air outlet of the burner (12) is located, the upper end of the bluff body (11) is a concentrated side air duct (9), and the lower end of the bluff body is a lean side air duct (10); a partition plate (13) is fixedly connected to the end where the air inlet of the burner (12) is located, the upper end of the partition plate (13) is a high-quality coal inlet channel (4), and the lower end of the partition plate (13) is a low-quality coal inlet channel (5); one end of the partition plate (13) is also connected to an adjustment baffle (6) via a rotating device (8); a plurality of adjustment blades (7) connected via the rotating device (8) are arranged inside the burner (12); the plurality of adjustment blades (7) are arranged obliquely from the bottom of the inner side of the burner (12) to the position where the bluff body (11) is located.

2. A variable load adaptive rich-lean separation combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-quality coal inlet channel (5) is connected to the low-quality coal storage bin (2) through a pipeline.

3. A variable load adaptive rich-lean separation combustion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-quality coal inlet channel (4) is connected to the high-quality coal storage bin (3) through a pipeline.

4. A load-adaptive rich-lean separation combustion device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The low-quality coal storage bin (2) and the high-quality coal storage bin (3) are connected to the coal type screening device (1) via pipelines.

5. A load-adaptive rich-lean separation combustion device according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The bluff body (11) is in the shape of a triangular prism.

6. A variable load adaptive rich-lean separation combustion device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The range of the rotation angle of the regulating blade (7) is 0-40°.

7. The load-adaptive rich-lean separation combustion device according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the regulating blade (7) rotates to a maximum angle with the horizontal plane, the coal powder concentration at the concentrated side air duct (9) is maximum.

8. The load-adaptive rich-lean separation combustion device according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the regulating blade (7) rotates to a minimum angle with the horizontal plane, the coal powder concentration at the concentrated side air duct (9) is minimum.

9. The load-adaptive rich-lean separation combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the free end of the regulating baffle (6) rotates and does not contact the inner wall of the burner (12), high-quality coal and low-quality coal are mixed to assist the combustion of the boiler during the load increase process.

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