Pier load monitoring method and system in bridge construction

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bridge vibration detection, in particular to a bridge pier load monitoring method and system in bridge construction. The method comprises the following steps: marking the ratio of the vibration data range between the vibration sensors at the same height at the latest moment to the vibration data range between the vibration sensors at the height in a reference time period as the vibration index of the height at the latest moment, and calculating the abnormal index of each vibration sensor; the load abnormal degree of the pier at the newest moment is calculated, and the load abnormal degree is in positive correlation with the abnormal index mean value of the vibration sensor at each height at the newest moment and is in negative correlation with the degree vector correlation of each height between the newest moment and the previous moment; and the comparison result of the load abnormal degree of the pier at the latest moment and the abnormal threshold value is obtained, so that pier load monitoring in bridge construction is realized, and the accuracy of pier load monitoring is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge vibration detection, and particularly to a method and system for monitoring pier loads during bridge construction. Background Art

[0002] A pier is an intermediate supporting structure of a multi-span bridge, which supports the bridge span structure and effectively transfers the load to the foundation to ensure the stability of the bridge. If the load on the pier during bridge construction is abnormal, problems such as pier settlement and bridge deck inclination may occur when the bridge is put into use later, posing a great safety hazard.

[0003] In order to achieve pier load monitoring, the patent application document with the publication number CN118624727A in the prior art discloses a method and system for monitoring pier loads during bridge construction. This application determines the internal change score of the pier by setting an acoustic wave transmitter at a first preset position and an acoustic wave receiver at a second preset position of each pier; obtains the anti-load deformation data measured by a displacement sensor and the anti-load vibration data measured by a vibration sensor, and determines the external change score of the pier; determines the anti-load score of the pier through the internal change score and the external change score.

[0004] The prior art realizes the internal and external change scores of the pier through the anti-load vibration data measured by the acoustic wave transmitter, the acoustic wave receiver, and the vibration sensor. However, wind speed changes can cause the pier to vibrate, and environmental factors during construction may also cause the pier to vibrate. Therefore, there are already data errors in the anti-load vibration data measured by the vibration sensor, resulting in low accuracy of the pier's load-bearing situation obtained based on this.

[0005] Based on this, it is urgent to effectively reduce environmental interference to accurately obtain the pier load monitoring result. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the technical problem of effectively reducing environmental interference to accurately obtain the pier load monitoring result, the present invention provides a method and system for monitoring pier loads during bridge construction.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for monitoring pier loads during bridge construction, adopting the following technical solution: A method for monitoring pier loads during bridge construction includes the steps: Obtain the vibration base numbers of each vibration sensor on the pier, where the vibration base numbers are used to characterize the systematic deviation of the vibration sensor; record the ratio of the range of vibration data between vibration sensors at the same height at the latest moment to the range of vibration data between vibration sensors at the same height within the reference period as the vibration index at this height at the latest moment; use the sum value of the vibration index and 1 as the input of the gamma transformation to obtain the anomaly index of each vibration sensor at this height at the latest moment, where the coefficient of the gamma transformation is the difference between the vibration value and the vibration base number of each vibration sensor at this height at the latest moment; calculate the load anomaly degree of the pier at the latest moment, where the load anomaly degree is positively correlated with the average value of the anomaly indexes of the vibration sensors at each height at the latest moment and negatively correlated with the correlation of the degree vectors at each height between the latest moment and the previous moment; obtain the comparison result between the load anomaly degree of the pier at the latest moment and the anomaly threshold to achieve the load monitoring of the pier during bridge construction.

[0008] The present invention takes into account that when collecting vibration data of the pier, it is easily affected by the surrounding natural environment. Therefore, by obtaining the deviation degree between the latest moment of the vibration sensor and the vibration base number, the load monitoring result of the pier can be accurately obtained. In this process, the present invention considers that abnormal noise is mixed with the vibration data collected in real time, which may affect the accuracy of the monitoring result; based on this, when analyzing the deviation degree of the vibration data, the present invention also combines the range of vibration data of the overall vibration sensors at the same height, thereby effectively reducing noise interference and accurately obtaining the anomaly index of each vibration sensor. In addition, the present invention also takes into account that there will be a correlation in the overall vibration data when the pier vibrates abnormally. Therefore, by combining the overall abnormal vibration situation of the pier, the accuracy of the load monitoring result of the pier at the latest moment is further effectively improved.

[0009] According to a method for monitoring the load of a pier during bridge construction provided by the present invention, before obtaining the vibration base numbers of each vibration sensor on the pier, it further includes: arranging a plurality of vibration sensors at equal intervals at different heights on the pier, with the same height interval between the upper and lower vibration sensors; obtaining the time series sequence of vibration data of each vibration sensor within a preset reference period.

[0010] According to a method for monitoring the load of a pier during bridge construction provided by the present invention, obtaining the vibration base numbers of each vibration sensor on the pier includes: performing STL decomposition on the time series sequence of vibration data of the vibration sensor to obtain the seasonal term sequence, trend term sequence, residual term sequence of the vibration sensor, and the seasonal intensity and trend intensity of the vibration data of the vibration sensor; respectively obtaining the cosine similarity between the time series sequence of vibration data of the vibration sensor and the seasonal term sequence and trend term sequence of the vibration data to obtain the vibration base number of the vibration sensor.

[0011] The present invention calculates the vibration base number according to the vibration value of each vibration sensor, which can strip the influence of external environmental factors on vibration monitoring, provide a reference without load interference, ensure that subsequent load changes are more sensitive to the change of vibration data of each vibration sensor, and effectively improve the accuracy of pier load monitoring.

[0012] For a pier load monitoring method in bridge construction provided by the present invention, the vibration base number of the vibration sensor satisfies the relational expression: ; is the vibration base number of a vibration sensor, is the cosine similarity between the seasonal term sequence and the time series sequence of the vibration data of the vibration sensor, is the cosine similarity between the trend term sequence and the time series sequence of the vibration data of the vibration sensor, 、 are respectively the seasonal intensity and the trend intensity of the vibration data of the vibration sensor, is the maximum value of the absolute value of the residual term of the vibration data of the vibration sensor, is the sigmoid function.

[0013] The present invention provides an accurate calculation method for the vibration base number of a vibration sensor. By analyzing the similarity between the trend term sequence and the seasonal term sequence of the vibration sensor and the time series sequence of the vibration data respectively, the possibility of the pier vibration sensor being interfered by the surrounding environment is reduced, so that the vibration base number of each vibration sensor can be accurately obtained.

[0014] For a pier load monitoring method in bridge construction provided by the present invention, the method for obtaining the coefficient of gamma transformation includes: obtaining the absolute value of the difference between the vibration value of the vibration sensor at each height at the latest moment and the vibration base number, which is recorded as the first index of the vibration sensor at this height; taking the ratio of the first index to the vibration value of the vibration sensor as the coefficient of gamma transformation of the vibration sensor at this height at the latest moment.

[0015] The present invention takes into account that the vibration sensor may be interfered by noise when collecting vibration data. Therefore, when calculating the abnormality degree of each vibration sensor at the latest moment, by analyzing the difference in vibration data of the vibration sensor relative to all vibration sensors at the height where it is located, the abnormality index of the vibration sensor is calculated, which can effectively reduce the interference of noise data.

[0016] For a pier load monitoring method in bridge construction provided by the present invention, the vibration values of the vibration sensors at each height are composed into a degree vector at this height.

[0017] A pier load monitoring method in bridge construction provided by the present invention, calculating the load abnormality degree of the pier at the latest moment, includes: ; is the load abnormality degree of the pier at the latest moment, is the number of heights where vibration sensors are arranged, is the average value of the abnormality indexes of the vibration sensors at the i-th height at the latest moment, is the absolute value of the Pearson correlation coefficient of the degree vectors at the i-th height at the latest moment and the previous moment, is the exponential function with base e.

[0018] The present invention takes into account that analyzing the abnormal load state of the pier based on a single vibration sensor alone may lead to misjudgment. When the load of the pier is abnormal, there will be a certain correlation between the vibration values of the vibration sensors at each height on the pier. Therefore, the load abnormality degree of the pier at the latest moment is accurately obtained by combining the vibration abnormalities on the whole pier.

[0019] A pier load monitoring method in bridge construction provided by the present invention, obtaining the comparison result between the load abnormality degree of the pier at the latest moment and the abnormality threshold to realize the pier load monitoring in bridge construction, includes: if the load abnormality degree of the pier at the latest moment is greater than the abnormality threshold, the pier load at the latest moment is abnormal; otherwise, the pier load at the latest moment is normal.

[0020] A pier load monitoring method in bridge construction provided by the present invention, after realizing the pier load monitoring in bridge construction, further includes: in response to the pier load at the latest moment being abnormal, starting a pre-installed camera to take a picture of the pier.

[0021] In the second aspect, the present invention provides a pier load monitoring system in bridge construction, adopting the following technical solution: A pier load monitoring system in bridge construction includes: a processor and a memory, and the memory stores computer program instructions, which implement the above-mentioned pier load monitoring method in bridge construction when executed by the processor.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the above-mentioned pier load monitoring method in bridge construction is generated into a computer program and stored in the memory to be loaded and executed by the processor, so as to manufacture a terminal device according to the memory and the processor, which is convenient to use.

[0023] The present invention has the following technical effects: Based on the above technical solution, a pier load monitoring method and system in bridge construction provided by the present invention can accurately obtain the pier load monitoring result by obtaining the offset degree between the latest moment of the vibration sensor and the vibration base number, reducing the influence of the surrounding natural environment. In this process, the present invention takes into account that abnormal noise is mixed with the vibration data collected in real time, which may affect the accuracy of the monitoring result; based on this, when analyzing the offset degree of the vibration data, the present invention also combines the range of the vibration data of the overall vibration sensor at the same height, thereby effectively reducing the noise interference and accurately obtaining the abnormal index of each vibration sensor. In addition, the present invention also takes into account the correlation of the vibration data when the pier vibrates abnormally, so it identifies the abnormality by combining the overall vibration situation of the pier, avoiding misjudgment caused by a single vibration data, and effectively improving the accuracy of the pier load monitoring result at the latest moment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a pier load monitoring method in bridge construction provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0025] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0026] In order to effectively reduce environmental interference and accurately obtain the pier load monitoring result, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a pier load monitoring method in bridge construction. The method calculates its system deviation by analyzing the readings of the vibration sensors on the pier, and calculates the abnormal degree of the vibration data according to the difference between each vibration data and the system deviation, thereby realizing pier load monitoring and effectively improving the accuracy of pier load abnormal monitoring.

[0027] Specifically, please refer to Figure 1 as shown in Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a pier load monitoring method in bridge construction provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The method specifically includes the following steps: S1: Obtain the time series of vibration data of vibration sensors at different height positions on the pier.

[0028] Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present invention, obtaining the time series of vibration data of vibration sensors at different height positions on the pier includes: arranging a plurality of vibration sensors at equal intervals at different heights on the pier, with the same height interval between the upper and lower vibration sensors; obtaining the time series of vibration data of each vibration sensor within a preset reference period.

[0029] Among them, the installation heights of the vibration sensors on the bridge pier can be respectively at 25%, 50%, and 75% of the bridge pier height; the specific installation height of the vibration sensors can be set according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present invention do not impose too many restrictions here.

[0030] It should be noted that when the bridge pier is just completed, its structural state is relatively clear and stable. The preset reference period is the period between the completion of the bridge pier construction and the official start of monitoring the bridge pier load. During the reference period, it is necessary to first analyze the vibration base number of the vibration sensors as the reference standard for subsequent real-time monitoring, and then collect the vibration data in real time to analyze the difference between the vibration data at the latest moment and the vibration base number, which helps to accurately judge whether there is abnormal vibration in the bridge pier during use, so as to obtain the abnormal degree of the bridge pier load at the latest moment.

[0031] Among them, the reference period can be set to 7 days; the specific length of the reference period can be set according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present invention do not impose too many restrictions here.

[0032] Exemplarily, 3 vibration sensors can be evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the same horizontal section of the bridge pier, and the azimuth angle interval is 120°; the specific arrangement method of the vibration sensors can be set according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present invention do not impose too many restrictions here.

[0033] Specifically, at each moment of the reference time, the vibration values of each vibration sensor are collected, and the vibration data time series sequence of each vibration sensor is obtained by arranging them in time sequence.

[0034] Among them, the collection frequency can be specifically set according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present invention do not impose too many restrictions here.

[0035] After obtaining the vibration data time series sequence of the vibration sensors based on the above steps, the system deviation of each vibration sensor can be analyzed based on the vibration data time series sequence of the vibration sensors, so that the deviation degree between the vibration monitoring data at the latest moment collected in real time and the system deviation can be accurately analyzed based on this, that is, the following steps are executed.

[0036] S2: Obtain the vibration base numbers of the vibration sensors on the bridge pier.

[0037] Among them, the vibration base number is used to characterize the system deviation of the vibration sensor.

[0038] It should be noted that the construction of the bridge pier is completed in the natural environment and is used in the natural environment. Therefore, the vibration sensors arranged on the bridge pier will also be affected by the surrounding natural environment. For example, strong winds act on the bridge pier or the superstructure of the bridge, causing high-frequency vibrations, etc.

[0039] Based on this, in order to reduce the impact of the change in vibration data caused by environmental factors on the accuracy of the pier load monitoring results, the embodiment of the present invention analyzes the readings of each vibration sensor through the Seasonal and Trend decomposition using Loess (STL) method, and obtains the vibration base number of each vibration sensor, thereby reducing the interference of long-term non-stationarity and enhancing the feature extraction ability of vibration signals.

[0040] Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present invention, obtaining the vibration base number of each vibration sensor on the pier includes: performing STL decomposition on the time series of the vibration data of the vibration sensor to obtain the seasonal term sequence, trend term sequence, residual term sequence of the vibration sensor, and the seasonal intensity and trend intensity of the vibration data of the vibration sensor; respectively obtaining the cosine similarity between the time series of the vibration data of the vibration sensor and the seasonal term sequence and trend term sequence of the vibration data to obtain the vibration base number of the vibration sensor.

[0041] Among them, the specific steps of performing STL decomposition on the time series of the vibration data of the vibration sensor to obtain the seasonal term sequence, trend term sequence, residual term sequence of the vibration sensor, and the seasonal intensity and trend intensity of the vibration data of the vibration sensor can be realized by the prior art, and the embodiment of the present invention will not elaborate here.

[0042] It should be further noted that due to the measurement error of the sensor itself and the influence of the natural environment, when the pier load is normal, there will also be a certain reading, that is, the vibration value, on the sensors on the pier. The long-term trend and periodic interference of the vibration data can be stripped through the residual term of the vibration data, so as to obtain the vibration data state of the pier in the natural state. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention can calculate the vibration base number of the vibration sensor based on the residual term of the vibration data.

[0043] Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present invention, determining the vibration base number of each vibration sensor can be specifically referred to the following relational formula: ; is the vibration base number of a vibration sensor, is the maximum value of the absolute value of the residual term of the vibration data of this vibration sensor, is the seasonal intensity of the vibration data of this vibration sensor, is the trend intensity of the vibration data of this vibration sensor, is the seasonal term sequence of the vibration data of this vibration sensor, is the time series of the vibration data of this vibration sensor, is the cosine similarity between the seasonal term sequence of the vibration data of this vibration sensor and the time series of the vibration data, is the trend term sequence of the vibration data of the vibration sensor. is the cosine similarity between the trend term sequence of the vibration data of the vibration sensor and the time series sequence of the vibration data. is the sigmoid function.

[0044] Among them, the sigmoid function is used to normalize the value of the cosine similarity.

[0045] In the above formula, represents the magnitude of the seasonal intensity of the vibration data of the current vibration sensor relative to the trend intensity. The larger this value, the higher the seasonal intensity of the vibration data of the current vibration sensor, and the higher the possibility that the vibration is driven by the periodic changes of the natural environment. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the weight of the seasonal factor when determining the systematic deviation of the vibration data. On the contrary, the smaller this value, the weaker the seasonal intensity of the vibration data of the current vibration sensor, the higher the trend intensity, and the higher the possibility that the vibration is driven by the trend changes of the natural environment. The corresponding weight of the seasonal factor needs to be lower.

[0046] represents the similarity between the time series sequence of the vibration data of the current vibration sensor and the seasonal term sequence. The larger this value, the higher the similarity between the time series sequence of the vibration data of the current vibration sensor and the seasonal term sequence, and the higher the possibility that the seasonal component can represent the vibration state of the bridge pier. The vibration of the bridge pier is generated by the natural environment rather than being driven by the load. Therefore, the corresponding vibration base number of the current sensor should also be lower to reflect the low vibration state of the bridge pier in the natural state. On the contrary, the smaller this value, the lower the similarity between the time series sequence of the vibration data of the current vibration sensor and the seasonal term sequence, and the greater the possibility that the vibration of the bridge pier is generated by the load drive. The corresponding vibration base number should also be larger to accurately reflect the high vibration state of the bridge pier in the natural state.

[0047] Similarly, represents the magnitude of the trend intensity of the vibration data of the current vibration sensor relative to the seasonal intensity. The larger this value, the greater the weight of the corresponding trend factor.

[0048] represents the similarity between the time series sequence of the vibration data of the current vibration sensor and the trend term sequence. The larger this value, the higher the similarity between the time series sequence of the vibration data of the current vibration sensor and the trend term sequence, and the higher the possibility that the trend component can represent the vibration state of the bridge pier. The corresponding vibration base number of the current sensor is lower.

[0049] In this way, the embodiment of the present invention calculates the vibration base number according to the degrees of each vibration sensor, strips the influence of external environmental factors, provides a reference without load interference, ensures that the subsequent load is more sensitive to the change of the vibration data of each vibration sensor, and thus improves the accuracy of pier load monitoring.

[0050] Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present invention, when obtaining the vibration base number of each vibration sensor on the pier, the vibration sensor can also be placed under constant temperature and humidity conditions for testing to obtain the vibration base number of the vibration sensor.

[0051] Specifically, in the case of no signal input, obtain the zero point reference of the vibration sensor, and then input a standard signal to obtain the test value of the vibration sensor; construct a test curve of the standard signal and the corresponding test value and fit it into a straight line, and calculate the maximum deviation point; repeat the test, and take the average value of the maximum deviation points as the vibration base number of the vibration sensor.

[0052] After obtaining the vibration base number of each vibration sensor based on the above steps, the abnormal vibration of each vibration sensor can be obtained based on the deviation degree between the vibration data of each vibration sensor and its vibration base number, that is, the following steps are executed.

[0053] S3: Obtain the vibration data fluctuation between the vibration sensors at the same height at the latest moment and the difference between the vibration data of the vibration sensor and the vibration base number, and obtain the abnormal index of each vibration sensor at this height at the latest moment.

[0054] It should be noted that the vibration base number of the vibration sensor reflects the vibration level of the vibration sensor in the natural state. Therefore, the greater the degree of deviation of the vibration data from the vibration base number after the pier load monitoring starts, the more likely it indicates that the load state of the pier has become abnormal, resulting in abnormal changes in the vibration data of the pier. Based on this, according to the difference between the vibration data collected at each latest moment and the vibration base number, the abnormal index of the vibration data of each vibration sensor at the latest moment can be accurately obtained.

[0055] It should be further noted that the vibration sensor may be affected by noise interference during the process of collecting vibration data, resulting in misjudgment of the pier load. For example, the noise of the electronic components inside the sensor. Therefore, when obtaining the load condition of the pier at the latest moment, it is also necessary to reduce the possibility of the vibration sensor being affected by noise interference. The noise data in the vibration sensor is sporadic, and the vibration data of each vibration sensor at the same height at the latest moment has data consistency. Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention can also reduce the noise interference by obtaining the vibration data fluctuation difference of each vibration sensor at the same height at the latest moment, and accurately obtain the abnormal index of each vibration sensor at the latest moment.

[0056] Exemplarily, in the embodiments of the present invention, when calculating the anomaly index of each vibration sensor at each height, the ratio of the range of vibration data between vibration sensors at the same height at the latest moment to the range of vibration data between vibration sensors at this height within the reference period can be recorded as the vibration index at this height at the latest moment; the sum value of the vibration index and 1 is used as the input of the gamma transformation to obtain the anomaly index of each vibration sensor at this height at the latest moment, where the coefficient of the gamma transformation is the difference between the vibration value of each vibration sensor at this height at the latest moment and the vibration base number.

[0057] Among them, the method for obtaining the coefficient of the gamma transformation includes: obtaining the absolute value of the difference between the vibration value of the vibration sensor at each height at the latest moment and the vibration base number, and recording it as the first index of the vibration sensor at this height; the ratio of the first index to the vibration value of the vibration sensor is used as the coefficient of the gamma transformation of the vibration sensor at this height at the latest moment.

[0058] For the convenience of understanding, the embodiments of the present invention also provide a calculation formula for the anomaly index of the vibration sensor, which can be specifically referred to the following relational expression: ; is the anomaly index of the th vibration sensor at the i-th height at the latest moment, is the vibration value of the th vibration sensor at the i-th height at the latest moment, is the vibration base number of the th vibration sensor at the i-th height at the latest moment, is the range of vibration data between all vibration sensors at the i-th height at the latest moment, is the range of vibration data between vibration sensors at the i-th height within the reference period, is the absolute value symbol.

[0059] In the above formula, represents the first index of the th vibration sensor at the i-th height.

[0060] is the coefficient of the gamma transformation, and its value range is from 0 to 1, representing the degree to which the vibration data of the th vibration sensor at the i-th height deviates from the vibration base number. The larger this value is, the higher the possibility that the vibration value of the th vibration sensor at the i-th height is abnormal data, and the corresponding anomaly index is also higher. On the contrary, the smaller this value is, the lower the possibility that the vibration value of the th vibration sensor at the i-th height is abnormal data, and the corresponding anomaly index is also lower.

[0061] is the input of the gamma transformation, represents the vibration index at the i-th height. The larger the vibration index, the greater it is than 1, indicating that the consistency among the vibration data of the vibration sensors at the i-th height is worse, and the possibility of noise existing in the vibration sensors at the i-th height is higher. The possibility of regarding the noise as the pier load data is also higher. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the downward correction strength of the gamma transformation coefficient, so as to reduce the abnormal index of the -th vibration sensor at the i-th height at the latest moment. The corresponding abnormal index of the -th vibration sensor at the i-th height at the latest moment is smaller. On the contrary, the smaller the vibration index, the closer it is to 1, the smaller the possibility of noise existing in the vibration sensors at the i-th height. At this time, the vibration data collected by the vibration sensors represents the true load state of the pier with a higher possibility, and the downward correction strength of the gamma transformation coefficient is smaller.

[0062] In this way, the embodiment of the present invention can calculate the abnormal vibration index of the vibration data through the vibration base number and vibration data of each sensor, and can sensitively capture the vibration changes caused by the pier load. Without the influence of noise data on the monitoring of the pier load state, the normal state and abnormal state of the pier load can be accurately distinguished.

[0063] S4: Calculate the load abnormality degree of the pier at the latest moment, and obtain the comparison result between the load abnormality degree of the pier at the latest moment and the abnormality threshold, so as to realize the monitoring of the pier load during bridge construction.

[0064] Among them, the load abnormality degree of the pier at the latest moment is positively correlated with the average value of the abnormal indexes of the vibration sensors at each height at the latest moment.

[0065] It should be noted that based on the above steps, the abnormal index of each vibration sensor at each height can be obtained. The pier is a columnar integral structure. When the pier load is abnormal, there will be a certain correlation between the vibration values of the vibration sensors at each height on the pier.

[0066] Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention can accurately obtain the load state of the pier at the latest moment by analyzing the overall vibration abnormal index of the pier at the latest moment.

[0067] Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present invention, the vibration values of the vibration sensors at each height can be formed into a degree vector of this height. Among them, the load abnormality degree of the pier at the latest moment is negatively correlated with the correlation of the degree vectors at each height between the latest moment and the previous moment.

[0068] Take an example to illustrate the steps of obtaining the degree vector: vibration sensor 1, vibration sensor 2 and vibration sensor 3 are arranged at the first height, and the vibration values ​​of vibration sensor 1, vibration sensor 2 and vibration sensor 3 at the latest moment are L1, L2 and L3 respectively; the corresponding degree vector of the first height at the latest moment is (L1, L2, L3).

[0069] For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, the abnormal load degree of the bridge pier at the latest moment is calculated, and the specific details can be referred to the following relationship: ; is the abnormal load level of the bridge pier at the latest moment. is the number of heights at which vibration sensors are laid out, is the average value of the abnormal index of the vibration sensor at the i-th height at the latest moment, is the absolute value of the Pearson correlation coefficient of the degree vector at the i-th height at the latest moment and the previous moment, is an exponential function with base e.

[0070] Among them, the specific steps of obtaining the Pearson correlation coefficient of the degree vector at the i-th height at the latest moment and the moment before the latest moment can be achieved by existing technologies, and the embodiments of the present invention are not described in detail here.

[0071] In the above formula, The larger the value is, the more significant the vibration anomaly is at the i-th height, and the greater the load anomaly of the bridge pier is at this time; conversely, The smaller it is, the smaller the vibration anomaly at the i-th height is. At this time, the possibility that the load state of the pier is in a normal state is greater, and the corresponding load anomaly is smaller.

[0072] Indicates the modification coefficient of the ith height. When the load of the pier is abnormal, some parts will be deformed or vibrate strongly. Based on this, in order to comprehensively judge the abnormal degree of the pier load, the modification coefficient of the ith height can be used to The modification coefficient is weighted. The larger the modification coefficient, the more dramatic the change of the vibration data of the bridge pier at the i-th height at the latest moment, and the more reference to the modification coefficient is needed to calculate the abnormal load degree of the bridge pier at the latest moment. Conversely, the smaller the modification coefficient, the more gradual the change of the vibration data of the bridge pier at the i-th height at the latest moment, and when calculating the abnormal load degree of the bridge pier at the latest moment, it is more necessary to refer to the vibration data of other heights where the vibration data changes dramatically, so as to accurately obtain the abnormal load degree of the bridge pier at the latest moment.

[0073] In this way, by calculating the abnormal degree of the pier load based on the abnormal indexes of each height vibration sensor in the embodiments of the present invention, misjudgment caused by the pier load relying only on the vibration data collection at a single position can be effectively avoided, and the reliability and accuracy of the pier load monitoring are improved.

[0074] After obtaining the abnormal degree of the pier load at the latest moment based on the above steps, the load monitoring result of the pier at the latest moment can be obtained according to the abnormal degree of the pier load at the latest moment.

[0075] Exemplarily, in the embodiments of the present invention, obtaining the comparison result between the abnormal degree of the pier load at the latest moment and the abnormal threshold to implement the pier load monitoring in bridge construction includes: if the abnormal degree of the pier load at the latest moment is greater than the abnormal threshold, there is an abnormality in the pier load at the latest moment; otherwise, the pier load at the latest moment is normal.

[0076] Among them, the abnormal threshold can be set to 0.5; the abnormal threshold can be specifically set according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present invention do not limit this too much here.

[0077] It can be understood that if there is an abnormality in the pier load at the latest moment, it may cause displacement of the upper structure, leading to problems such as uneven bridge deck and damaged expansion joints. Therefore, when the abnormal load state of the pier is monitored, it is necessary to timely record the state change of the pier, capture the abnormal changes caused by the abnormal load of the pier, which is convenient for subsequent analysis and processing.

[0078] Specifically, cameras can be arranged at positions such as the top of the pier or near the water surface of the pier to ensure that the shooting range of the cameras includes the vulnerable parts of the pier; the camera arrangement method can be specifically set according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present invention do not limit this too much here.

[0079] Exemplarily, in the embodiments of the present invention, after implementing the pier load monitoring in bridge construction, it further includes: in response to the abnormality of the pier load at the latest moment, starting the pre-arranged camera to capture an image of the pier.

[0080] In this way, in the embodiments of the present invention, the load monitoring result of the pier can be accurately obtained by calculating the abnormal degree of the pier load, and the pier image can be timely collected after the load abnormality is monitored, so that the potential risks of the pier can be identified and recorded in advance, thereby effectively and quickly preventing the pier from failing and improving the safety of bridge construction.

[0081] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present invention, when monitoring the pier load, the vibration base numbers of each vibration sensor on the pier can be obtained. The vibration base number is used to characterize the system deviation of the vibration sensor; the ratio of the range of the vibration data between the vibration sensors at the same height at the latest moment to the range of the vibration data between the vibration sensors at the same height during the reference period is recorded as the vibration index at the latest moment for this height; the sum value of the vibration index and 1 is used as the input of the gamma transformation to obtain the anomaly index of each vibration sensor at this height at the latest moment, where the coefficient of the gamma transformation is the difference between the vibration value and the vibration base number of each vibration sensor at this height at the latest moment; calculate the load anomaly degree of the pier at the latest moment. The load anomaly degree is positively correlated with the average value of the anomaly indexes of the vibration sensors at each height at the latest moment and negatively correlated with the correlation of the degree vectors of each height between the latest moment and the previous moment; obtain the comparison result between the load anomaly degree of the pier at the latest moment and the anomaly threshold to realize the monitoring of the pier load during bridge construction, effectively improving the accuracy of pier load monitoring.

[0082] The embodiment of the present invention also discloses a pier load monitoring system during bridge construction, including a processor and a memory. The memory stores computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, a pier load monitoring method provided by the present invention is implemented.

[0083] The above system also includes other components well-known to those skilled in the art such as a communication bus and a communication interface. Their settings and functions are known in the art, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0084] In the present invention, the aforementioned memory can be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program, and this program can be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system, device, or component.

[0085] The above are all the preferred embodiments of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited by this. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring pier loads during bridge construction, characterized in that: include: Obtain the vibration base of each vibration sensor on the bridge pier, where the vibration base is used to characterize the system deviation of the vibration sensor; The ratio of the vibration data range between vibration sensors at the same height at the latest moment to the vibration data range between vibration sensors at the same height during the reference period is recorded as the vibration index at the latest moment at the height; the sum of the vibration index and 1 is used as the input of the gamma transform to obtain the abnormal index of each vibration sensor at the height at the latest moment, wherein the coefficient of the gamma transform is the difference between the vibration value of each vibration sensor at the height at the latest moment and the vibration base; Calculate the load anomaly degree of the bridge pier at the latest moment. The load anomaly degree is positively correlated with the average value of the anomaly index of the vibration sensor at each height at the latest moment, and negatively correlated with the degree vector correlation at each height between the latest moment and the previous moment. The comparison result between the load anomaly degree of the bridge pier at the latest moment and the anomaly threshold is obtained to realize the bridge pier load monitoring during bridge construction.

2. A method for monitoring pier loads during bridge construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the vibration base of each vibration sensor on the bridge pier also includes: A plurality of vibration sensors are arranged at equal intervals at different heights on the bridge pier, and the height intervals between the upper and lower vibration sensors are the same; a time series sequence of vibration data of each vibration sensor is obtained within a preset reference time period.

3. A method for monitoring pier loads during bridge construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the vibration base of each vibration sensor on the bridge pier includes: Perform STL decomposition on the vibration data time series of the vibration sensor to obtain the seasonal term sequence, trend term sequence, residual term sequence of the vibration sensor, and the seasonal intensity and trend intensity of the vibration data of the vibration sensor; The cosine similarities between the vibration data time series of the vibration sensor and the seasonal item series and trend item series of the vibration data are obtained respectively to obtain the vibration cardinality of the vibration sensor.

4. A method for monitoring pier loads during bridge construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vibration base of the vibration sensor satisfies the relationship: ； is the vibration base of a vibration sensor, is the cosine similarity between the seasonal term sequence of the vibration data of the vibration sensor and the time series sequence of the vibration data, is the cosine similarity between the trend item sequence of the vibration data of the vibration sensor and the vibration data time series sequence, , are the seasonal intensity and trend intensity of the vibration data of the vibration sensor, is the maximum absolute value of the residual term of the vibration data of the vibration sensor, is the sigmoid function.

5. The method for monitoring pier loads during bridge construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gamma transform coefficient acquisition method includes: The absolute value of the difference between the vibration value of the vibration sensor at each height at the latest moment and the vibration base is recorded as the first index of the vibration sensor at the height; the ratio of the first index to the vibration value of the vibration sensor is used as the coefficient of the gamma transformation of the vibration sensor at the height at the latest moment.

6. The method for monitoring pier loads during bridge construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration values ​​of the vibration sensors at each height are combined into a degree vector of the height.

7. The method for monitoring pier loads during bridge construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation of the abnormal load degree of the bridge pier at the latest moment includes: ； is the abnormal load level of the bridge pier at the latest moment, is the number of heights at which vibration sensors are laid out, is the average value of the abnormal index of the vibration sensor at the i-th height at the latest moment, is the absolute value of the Pearson correlation coefficient of the degree vector at the i-th height at the latest moment and the previous moment, is an exponential function with base e.

8. The method for monitoring pier loads during bridge construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of obtaining the comparison result between the load abnormality degree of the bridge pier at the latest moment and the abnormality threshold value to realize the bridge pier load monitoring during bridge construction includes: If the abnormal degree of the bridge pier load at the latest moment is greater than the abnormal threshold, then the bridge pier load at the latest moment is abnormal; otherwise, the bridge pier load at the latest moment is normal.

9. The method for monitoring pier loads during bridge construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method of implementing the monitoring of pier loads during bridge construction further includes: In response to the abnormality in the bridge pier load at the latest moment, a pre-deployed camera is activated to capture images of the bridge pier.

10. A pier load monitoring system in bridge construction, characterized in that: include: A processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, a method for monitoring pier loads in bridge construction according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is implemented.

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