Fabricated shield segment non-uniform upward buoyancy force loading test device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of shield system simulation tests, in particular to a pre-assembled shield segment non-uniform upward buoyancy loading test device and method. The invention provides an assembled shield segment non-uniform upward buoyancy loading test device and method, solves the problems that in the prior art, non-uniform upward buoyancy loading cannot be simulated, loading system replacement is complex in operation and high in cost, and simulates non-uniform upward buoyancy loading of a lining effect in a construction period on a non-condensed area. The device can be used for testing duct pieces of different specifications, and comprises a plurality of arc-shaped force transmission devices and loading devices, the arc-shaped force transmission device comprises a loading box, the top of the loading box is open and is provided with an arc-shaped plate with an adjustable radian, the side wall of the loading box is provided with a filling port, the filling port is communicated with a filling box, and the bottom of the loading box is provided with a discharge port; the loading device comprises a guide rail and a plurality of jacks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shield system simulation tests, and in particular to a prefabricated shield segment non-uniform buoyancy loading test device and method. Background Art

[0002] Due to its advantages such as high mechanization degree, good quality, little impact on urban daily life, and small environmental effect, the shield tunneling method has gradually become the mainstream technology for tunnel construction. Existing shield tunnels often have a floating phenomenon during the construction period due to the influence of synchronous grouting at the shield tail. This floating phenomenon of the segment structure is affected by the buoyancy force. A large buoyancy force will cause ring misalignment and longitudinal deformation of the lining structure.

[0003] In order to weaken or avoid the structural diseases caused by the floating of the segments, and to reduce the operation and maintenance costs and quality risks of the tunnel, experts and scholars in related fields have often used convenient and accurate model tests for the floating law of the shield tail segments for many years. However, there are still many problems in the current research on tunnel model tests. For example, during the simulation test, the entire loading system composed of jacks often loads the shield segments together, and the simulated buoyancy force is the same. However, in fact, the buoyancy force between each pipe ring of the segments will be different, resulting in the distortion of the experimental results of the simulation test and being unable to guide the actual project at all. When replacing segments of different sizes and specifications, the loading system needs to be reassembled, which will use a large number of jacks, resulting in cumbersome operation and increased test costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides an assembled shield segment non-uniform buoyancy loading test device and method, which solves the problems in the prior art that non-uniform buoyancy loading cannot be simulated and the operation of replacing the loading system is complex and costly, simulates the non-uniform buoyancy loading of the lining effect on the uncured area during construction, and can use segments of different specifications for testing.

[0005] The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: An assembled shield segment non-uniform buoyancy loading test device includes a plurality of arc-shaped force transmission devices and a loading device; The arc-shaped force transmission device includes a loading box, the top of the loading box is open and is equipped with an arc-shaped plate with adjustable radian, the side wall of the loading box is provided with a filling port, the filling port is communicated with a filling box, and the bottom of the loading box is provided with a discharge port; The loading device includes a guide rail and a plurality of jacks. The jacks are connected to a servo hydraulic system. The bottom of the jacks is slidably connected to the guide rail through sliders, and the top ends of the jacks are correspondingly connected to the bottom of the loading box.

[0006] Further, a reaction frame is connected to the bottom of the guide rail through positioning bolts, and four universal wheels are installed at the bottom of the reaction frame through bolts; Two jacks distributed left and right are correspondingly connected to the bottom of the same loading box.

[0007] Further, a plurality of adjusting rods are connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped plate along the arc direction; The lower end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the loading box through an external nut.

[0008] Further, the material injected into the loading box is sand or soil.

[0009] Further, the number of the arc-shaped force transmission devices is 4 - 10.

[0010] Further, balls are arranged between the slider and the guide rail.

[0011] Further, the upper end of the adjusting rod is connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped plate by welding or hinging.

[0012] An assembly shield segment non-uniform upward buoyancy loading test method uses the assembly shield segment non-uniform upward buoyancy loading test device of the present invention for the loading test, and includes the following steps: S01: Assemble the slider on the guide rail; S02: Connect the bottom ends of the jacks of the loading device to the slider; S03: Correspondingly connect the loading boxes of the arc-shaped force transmission devices to the top ends of the jacks; S04: Move each arc-shaped force transmission device under the model segment; S05: Adjust the radian of the arc-shaped plate to make it closely fit the model segment; S06: Fill the loading box with fluid through the filling box to make the loading box a solid support unit; S07: Install several loading devices according to the requirements of the test upward buoyancy loading cycle number; S08: Realize the non-uniform upward buoyancy loading test by controlling the jack thrust of different rings in real time through the servo hydraulic system.

[0013] The beneficial effects obtained by the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows: 1. The present invention provides an assembled shield segment non-uniform upward buoyancy loading test device, which includes a plurality of arc-shaped force transmission devices and a loading device. The loading device includes a guide rail and a plurality of jacks. By controlling the loading forces of the jacks corresponding to each arc-shaped force transmission device, the distribution characteristics of non-uniform upward buoyancy are simulated, and the accurate restoration of the floating effect of the lining during the construction period in the shield tunnel model test is realized. The arc-shaped force transmission device includes a loading box. The top of the loading box is open and is equipped with an arc-shaped plate with adjustable radian. By adjusting the radian of the arc-shaped plate, it can perfectly fit segments of different specifications, and can meet the non-uniform upward buoyancy tests of model segments with different sizes and different loading schemes. Its operation is simple, its applicability is high, and the test cost is reduced. The present invention provides an assembled shield segment non-uniform upward buoyancy loading test method, which applies simulated non-uniform upward buoyancy and transmits the force to the shield tunnel model, is convenient to operate, and realizes the accurate restoration of the floating effect of the lining during the construction period in the shield tunnel model test. 2. Two jacks distributed left and right are correspondingly connected to the bottom of the same loading box. By only controlling the jacks, the loading of the loading force of the arc-shaped force transmission device can be realized, and the efficiency is relatively high. The side wall of the loading box is communicated with a filling box through a filling port, and the loading box is filled with sand to form a solid body, ensuring uniform force transmission and loading of the arc-shaped force transmission device. 3. A plurality of adjusting rods are connected along the arc direction at the bottom of the arc-shaped plate. The lower ends of the adjusting rods are fixedly connected to the bottom of the loading box through external nuts. By changing the positions of the adjusting rods, the radian of the arc-shaped plate is changed, and the non-uniform upward buoyancy tests of model segments with different sizes and different loading schemes can be met. Its operation is simple and its applicability is high. 4. The assembled shield segment non-uniform upward buoyancy loading test device of the present invention can be widely applied to the simulation of the loading force in the tunnel model test. Its structure is simple, the cost is low, and the manufacturing cost of the upward buoyancy loading device is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic installation view of the assembled shield segment non-uniform upward buoyancy loading test device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front view of the assembled shield segment non-uniform upward buoyancy loading test device of the present invention Figure 3 It is a side view of the assembled shield segment non-uniform upward buoyancy loading test device of the present invention Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the guide rail structure of the present invention In the figure: 1 model segment, 2 loading box, 3 arc plate, 4 adjusting rod, 5 external nut, 6 filling port, 7 input pipe, 8 filling box, 9 discharge port, 10 jack, 11 oil valve, 12 hydraulic oil pipe, 13 servo hydraulic system, 14 rubber pad, 15 slider, 16 guide rail, 17 ball, 18 bolt, 19 reaction frame, 20 universal wheel. Specific embodiments

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs.

[0018] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0019] In the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only relationship terms determined for the convenience of describing the structural relationship of each component or element of the present invention and do not specifically refer to any part or element of the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0020] This embodiment provides an assembled shield segment non-uniform upward buoyancy loading test device, as Figures 1 - 4 , mainly including a plurality of arc force transmission devices and loading devices, and the number of arc force transmission devices is selected according to the overall length of the model segment 1.

[0021] Each arc force transmission device includes a loading box 2, an arc plate 3, an adjusting rod 4, an external nut 5, an input pipe 7, a filling box 8, etc. The loading box 2 is assembled with steel plates, and the top of the loading box 2 is open. Two grooves are provided on the bottom plate of the loading box 2. The arc plate 3 is made of an elastic steel plate with a certain elasticity. Four adjusting rods 4 are connected to the bottom of the arc plate 3 along the arc direction by welding or hinging. The arc plate 3 is assembled at the open part of the loading box 2, and the lower end of the adjusting rod 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the loading box 2 by an external bolt 5. By moving the adjusting rod 4 up and down, the radian of the arc plate 3 can be adjusted to closely fit the model segment 1. When the radian of the arc plate is determined, it is fixed by the external nut 5, and then the front side plate and the rear side plate of the loading box are replaced so that the radian at the top of the front side plate and the rear side plate coincides with the radian of the arc plate 3. A filling port 6 is machined on the side of the loading box 2. The filling box 8 is connected to the filling port 6 through the input pipe 7. Fluid materials such as sand or soil are injected into the loading box 2 through the filling box 8, making the loading box 2 a solid support unit, which is convenient for evenly transmitting the upward buoyancy force, so that the arc force transmission device can evenly load and transmit force to the model segment. A discharge port 9 is provided at the bottom of the loading box 2. When the test is over, the filling material can be discharged through the discharge port 9, which is convenient for moving or withdrawing the loading device. The loading device includes structures such as a guide rail 16, a reaction frame 19, a plurality of jacks 10, and a servo hydraulic system 13. Each jack 10 is connected to the servo hydraulic system 13 through a hydraulic oil pipe 12 equipped with an oil valve 11. In this embodiment, the grooves preset at the bottom of the same loading box 2 are correspondingly connected to two jacks 10, and the two jacks 10 are symmetrically distributed left and right. When the servo hydraulic system 13 is connected to the hydraulic oil pipe 12, the jacking force of the jack 10 is regulated in real time through the oil valve 11 according to the test requirements and transmitted to the model segment 1 through the loading box 2 to simulate the jacking force.

[0022] The bottom of each jack 10 is slidably connected to the guide rail 16 through a slider 15. A groove is provided on the top surface of the slider 15, and the bottom of the jack is installed in the groove of the slider 15 and a rubber cushion 14 is filled to maintain stability. For convenient sliding, the slider 15 is installed on the guide rail 16 through pre-assembled balls 17. Designed in this way, the positions of the jack 10 and the loading box 2 can be changed by sliding the slider 15 on the guide rail 16 along the direction of the model segment 1, so that the upward buoyancy force acts on the central position of the model segment 1. And by arbitrarily disassembling and installing the slider 15, the jack 10, and the loading box on the guide rail 16, single-ring or multi-ring upward buoyancy loading can be achieved. The bottom of the guide rail 16 is connected to the reaction frame 19 by bolts 18 and can be assembled according to the test requirements. Four universal wheels 20 are connected to the bottom of the reaction frame 19 by bolts, which can adjust the specific position of the whole set of test devices in this embodiment, facilitating the installation of the test and the disassembly after the end.

[0023] Based on the above-mentioned assembled shield segment non-uniform upward buoyancy loading test device, this embodiment also provides an assembled shield segment non-uniform upward buoyancy loading test method, and the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: When in use, install the guide rail 16 and the slider 15 on the reaction frame 19.

[0024] Step 2: Connect the bottom ends of the two jacks 10 to the slider 15, place each jack 10 into the groove of the slider 15, and fill in the rubber pad 14 for fixation; Step 3: Connect the loading box 2 of an arc-shaped force transmission device to the top end of the jack 10 correspondingly; Step 4: Push the reaction frame 19 under the already positioned model segment 1 and fix the universal wheel 20.

[0025] Step 5: Adjust the slider through the guide rail 16 to change the specific position of the arc-shaped force transmission device so that it is aligned with the center of the model segment 1; Step 6: Adjust the radian of the arc-shaped plate 3 by moving the adjusting rod 4 up and down so that it fits closely with the model segment 1. After the radian is determined, fix it with the external nut 5; Step 7: Fill the loading box 2 with filling materials such as sand through the filling box 8 to make it a solid unit.

[0026] Step 8: According to the requirements of the test upward buoyancy loading cycle number, repeat Steps 2 to 7. In this embodiment, four arc-shaped force transmission devices are installed together, and a total of eight jacks are used; Step 9: Realize the non-uniform upward buoyancy loading test by controlling the thrust of the jacks 10 in different cycles in real time through the servo hydraulic system 13.

[0027] Through the above solution, by controlling the loading forces of the jacks corresponding to each arc-shaped force transmission device, the distribution characteristics of non-uniform upward buoyancy are simulated, and the accurate restoration of the floating effect of the lining during the construction period in the shield tunnel model test is realized; the arc-shaped force transmission device includes a loading box, the top of the loading box is open and is equipped with an arc-shaped plate with adjustable radian. By adjusting the radian of the arc-shaped plate, it can perfectly fit segments of different specifications, and can meet the non-uniform upward buoyancy tests of model segments with different sizes and different loading schemes. Its operation is simple, the applicability is high, and the test cost is reduced; by applying simulated non-uniform upward buoyancy and transmitting the force to the shield tunnel model, the operation is convenient, and the accurate restoration of the floating effect of the lining during the construction period in the shield tunnel model test is realized.

[0028] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent replacements or changes, and should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assembled shield segment non-uniform buoyancy loading test device, characterized in that: It includes a plurality of arc-shaped force transmission devices and a loading device; The arc-shaped force transmission device comprises a loading box (2), the top of the loading box (2) is open and equipped with an arc-shaped plate (3) with an adjustable arc, the side wall of the loading box (2) is provided with a filling port (6), the filling port (6) is connected to a filling box (8), and the bottom of the loading box (2) is provided with a discharge port (9); The loading device comprises a guide rail (16) and a plurality of jacks (10), wherein the jacks (10) are connected to a servo hydraulic system (13), the bottom of the jacks (10) are slidably connected to the guide rail (16) via a slider (15), and the top of the jacks (10) is correspondingly connected to the bottom of the loading box (2).

2. The assembled shield segment non-uniform buoyancy loading test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom of the guide rail (16) is connected to a reaction frame (19) via bolts (18), and the bottom of the reaction frame (19) is equipped with four universal wheels (20) via bolts; The bottom of the same loading box (2) is correspondingly connected to two jacks (10) distributed on the left and right.

3. The assembled shield segment non-uniform buoyancy loading test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom of the arc-shaped plate (3) is connected to a plurality of adjustment rods (4) along the arc direction; The lower end of the adjusting rod (4) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the loading box (2) via an external nut (5).

4. The assembled shield segment non-uniform buoyancy loading test device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The material injected into the loading box (2) is sand or soil.

5. The assembled shield segment non-uniform buoyancy loading test device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The number of the arc-shaped force transmission devices is 4-10.

6. The assembled shield segment non-uniform buoyancy loading test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A ball bearing (17) is provided between the slide block and the guide rail.

7. The assembled shield segment non-uniform buoyancy loading test device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The upper end of the adjusting rod (4) is connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped plate (3) in a welding or hinged manner.

8. A method for testing non-uniform buoyancy loading of assembled shield segments, characterized in that: The loading test is carried out using the assembled shield segment non-uniform buoyancy loading test device according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: S01: When in use, assemble the slider (15) on the guide rail (16); S02: Connecting the bottom ends of the jacks (10) of the loading device to the slider (15); S03: Connecting the loading boxes (2) of the arc-shaped force transmission devices to the top of the jack (10) accordingly; S04: moving each arc-shaped force transmission device under the model segment (1); S05: adjusting the curvature of the curved plate (3) so that it fits closely with the model segment (1); S06: Filling the loading box (2) with a filling fluid through the filling box (8), so that the loading box (2) becomes a solid supporting unit component; S07: Install several loading devices according to the number of buoyancy loading rings required for the test; S08: The servo hydraulic system (13) is used to control the thrust of the jacks (10) of different rings in real time to achieve a non-uniform buoyancy loading test.

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