Modular and visual pipeline metal dust explosion test system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a modularized and visual pipeline metal dust explosion test system and method. The system is characterized in that a plurality of double-flange short pipes are connected with a plurality of transparent pipelines to form a test pipeline; the flange blind plate is provided with an ignition electrode and is packaged at one end of the test pipeline; each dust filling and collecting assembly comprises a pressure sensor, a dust disperser, a pneumatic valve, a dust bin and an electromagnetic valve, and the pressure sensor and the dust disperser are mounted on the double-flange short pipe; a dust outlet of the pneumatic valve is connected with a feeding end of the dust disperser; a dust outlet of the dust bin is connected with a dust inlet of the pneumatic valve; an air outlet of the electromagnetic valve is connected with an air inlet of the pneumatic valve; and an air outlet of the synthetic air bottle is connected with an air inlet of the electromagnetic valve through a plurality of air supply pipelines. The method comprises the following steps: assembling the system; filling dust, and collecting an image; dust is detonated, and pressure and image data are collected; and analyzing test data. According to the system and the method, the dispersion and flowing characteristics of dust cloud particles and the flame propagation condition in the whole explosion process can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent measurement and control, and specifically relates to a modular and visual pipeline metal dust explosion test system and method. Background Art

[0002] At present, the tests on the propagation of flame and pressure during dust explosion are mainly carried out in spherical containers and horizontal pipelines. Since the horizontal pipeline is closer to the on-site dust removal system, it is widely used to study the propagation law of dust explosion. However, most of the pipelines used in the existing pipeline explosion test systems are metal pipelines, which can usually only measure the propagation characteristics of pressure and cannot obtain the image of the flame propagation law. Even through the windows set on the metal pipeline, only the local characteristics of the flame propagation can be observed, and the whole-process flame development process cannot be effectively obtained. In addition, the existing pipeline test systems are mainly small-sized simulated pipelines, and the wall effect is obvious, and the error caused by the scale effect of dust explosion cannot be ignored. Moreover, the existing pipeline explosion test systems mainly use long straight pipelines, and the pipelines are connected by flanges. After installation, it is very difficult to make structural adjustments later, resulting in unsatisfactory flexibility of the test system. In summary, the pipeline explosion test systems in the prior art are not conducive to analyzing the fine characteristics and laws of dust explosion pressure and flame propagation under real working conditions. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a modular and visual pipeline metal dust explosion test system and method, which can not only measure the propagation of pressure during the test, but also obtain the dispersion and flow characteristics of dust cloud particles and the flame propagation during the whole explosion process. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a modular and visual pipeline metal dust explosion test system and method. The system has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, strong expansion ability, high automation degree and ideal test effect. It can not only measure the propagation of pressure during the explosion, but also obtain the dispersion and flow characteristics of dust cloud particles and the flame propagation during the whole explosion process. The method has a simple implementation process and high automation degree, which is conducive to comprehensively understanding the propagation law of dust explosion.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a modular and visual pipeline metal dust explosion test system, including a supporting bracket, a test pipeline, a flange blind plate, an ignition electrode, a dust filling and collecting assembly, a synthetic air bottle and a data processing terminal;

[0005] The test pipeline includes double-flange short pipes and transparent pipes; a plurality of double-flange short pipes are fixedly installed at intervals along the length direction and coaxially at the upper end of the supporting bracket, forming multiple pipe installation spaces between the plurality of double-flange short pipes. At the same time, sensor installation holes are opened on the pipe body of the short pipe in each double-flange short pipe; multiple sections of transparent pipes are correspondingly distributed in the multiple pipe installation spaces, and both ends of each section of transparent pipe are respectively inserted into the interior of the adjacent two double-flange short pipes at the closer ends.

[0006] An electrode installation hole is opened in the middle of the flange blank, which is located outside one end of the test pipeline and is fixedly connected to the flange plate at the outer end of the double-flange short pipe.

[0007] The ignition electrode is fixedly inserted into the electrode installation hole on the flange blank.

[0008] Multiple groups of dust injection and collection components are correspondingly distributed with the multiple double-flange short pipes. Each group of dust injection and collection components includes a pressure sensor, a dust disperser, a pneumatic valve, a dust bin, and a solenoid valve. The pressure sensor is fixedly installed in the sensor installation hole on the double-flange short pipe. The dust disperser is fixedly installed at the bottom inside the middle section of the double-flange short pipe, and its feeding end reaches the outside after passing through the short pipe of the double-flange short pipe; the dust outlet of the pneumatic valve is connected to the feeding end of the dust disperser; the dust outlet of the dust bin is connected to the dust inlet of the pneumatic valve; the air outlet of the solenoid valve is connected to the air inlet of the pneumatic valve.

[0009] The air outlet of the synthetic air cylinder is respectively connected to the air inlets of the solenoid valves in multiple groups of dust injection and collection components through multiple air supply pipelines.

[0010] The data processing terminal is respectively connected to the pressure sensor, the ignition electrode, and the solenoid valve.

[0011] Furthermore, in order to facilitate strengthening the connection strength of the overall test pipeline, a pipeline fixing rib is also included; four through holes are opened at the four corners of the flange plate in each double-flange short pipe; four pipeline fixing ribs are distributed around the outside of the test pipeline and are respectively fixedly inserted into the four through holes on the multiple double-flange short pipes.

[0012] Furthermore, in order to avoid damaging the transparent pipe during the fastening process, so as to effectively protect the transparent pipe, and at the same time, in order to improve the sealing performance between the transparent pipe and the double-flange short pipe, a ring-shaped silica gel pad is also included. Multiple pairs of ring-shaped silica gel pads correspond to multiple sections of transparent pipes. Each pair of ring-shaped silica gel pads is respectively sleeved on the outer sides of both ends of each section of transparent pipe and is respectively hermetically connected to the adjacent two double-flange short pipes.

[0013] Furthermore, to facilitate the installation and removal operations, and at the same time, to ensure that the double-flange short pipe can provide a stable support foundation for the transparent pipe during the test, a fixing base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the double-flange short pipe, and the double-flange short pipe is fixedly connected to the test bracket through the fixing base.

[0014] Furthermore, to record the flow of dust in the test pipe and the flame changes during the dust explosion process throughout the entire section, a high-speed camera is also included. The high-speed camera is supported on one side outside the test pipe, with its image acquisition direction facing the test pipe, and the high-speed camera is connected to the data processing terminal.

[0015] Furthermore, to ensure that the pipe has good impact resistance and, at the same time, to ensure clarity during the observation process, the transparent pipe is made of plexiglass or polycarbonate.

[0016] As a preference, the dust disperser includes a disperser body, a fixing nut, dispersing vanes, and longitudinal strengthening fins; the inside of the disperser body has a cavity for dust to pass through, and the outer surface of its feed end is provided with an external thread structure; the fixing nut is located outside the double-flange short pipe and is sleeved on the outside of the feed end of the disperser body through threaded engagement to lock the disperser body to the bottom of the double-flange short pipe; a plurality of dispersing vanes are fixedly connected in a dispersed manner to the discharge end of the disperser body for dispersing the dust discharged from the discharge end of the disperser body; the longitudinal strengthening fins are fixedly connected to the lower ends of the dispersing vanes. By providing a plurality of dispersing vanes, the movement trajectory of the dust ejected from the discharge end of the disperser body can be effectively changed, thus facilitating the relatively uniform distribution of the dust in the internal space of the test pipe. By fixedly connecting the longitudinal strengthening fins to the lower ends of the dispersing vanes, the overall impact resistance of the dust disperser can be effectively enhanced.

[0017] As a preference, each set of dust filling and collecting assemblies further includes a temperature sensor; a threaded mounting hole is also provided on the pipe body of the short pipe in each double-flange short pipe; the temperature sensor is installed in the threaded mounting hole and is connected to the data processing terminal.

[0018] The present invention adopts a modular design concept. Multiple double-flange short pipes are used to bridge multiple sections of transparent pipes to form an integral test pipe. At the same time, a set of independent dust injection and collection components is equipped for each double-flange short pipe, and each set of dust injection and collection components includes a pressure sensor, a dust disperser, a pneumatic valve, a dust bin, and a solenoid valve. In this way, it can be ensured that each double-flange short pipe can achieve the functions of dust injection and pressure testing, enabling the system to have extremely strong expansion capabilities. On the one hand, according to the specific experimental test requirements, the length of the test pipe can be conveniently adjusted, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the overall length-diameter ratio of the test pipe. On the other hand, the entire test system can have multiple test points, which is conducive to obtaining more comprehensive test data. The pressure sensor is directly installed on the double-flange short pipe, and the high-strength impact resistance of the double-flange short pipe can be used to provide a stable fixed foundation for the pressure sensor, so that the pressure signal inside the test pipe can be reliably and stably collected during the entire explosion process, ensuring the reliable collection of test data. At the same time, the drawback of the reduced impact resistance of the pressure sensor caused by installing it on the transparent pipe is avoided. Since multiple double-flange short pipes are fixedly connected to the support bracket, and the transparent pipe is only connected to the adjacent two double-flange short pipes, on the one hand, the formed test pipe can have good connection strength with the support bracket, ensuring the impact resistance of the test pipe during the test. On the other hand, since the dust oxidation particles generated after the explosion are extremely easy to adhere to the inner wall of the pipe, it will cause the light transmittance of the pipe to become worse. At the same time, after a long time of multiple explosion tests, affected by the high-temperature flame, the pipe will have a series of problems such as aging and reduced strength. This modular and assembled connection structure can achieve the rapid and convenient replacement of the transparent pipe. Since the pressure sensor and the dust disperser are both installed on the double-flange short pipe, it will not have any impact on them after the transparent pipe is replaced, ensuring that it can be reused multiple times. At the same time, this modular and assembled connection structure can facilitate the maintenance operation of the test pipe. After the transparent pipe is removed, it is convenient to clean the inner walls of the dust disperser, the double-flange short pipe, and the transparent pipe, which is conducive to ensuring the accurate collection of data during subsequent tests. The dust disperser is fixedly installed at the bottom of the double-flange short pipe, which is conducive to ensuring the connection strength of the dust disperser and improving the impact resistance of the dust disperser during the explosion. Moreover, this layout can use the upward airflow to inject dust into the interior of the test pipe, making the dispersion state of the dust more uniform and avoiding the situation where dust directly deposits at the bottom of the test pipe.Connect the synthetic air cylinder to the air inlet of the pneumatic valve through a pipeline and a solenoid valve, and connect the dust inlet and the air outlet of the pneumatic valve to the dust outlet of the dust bin and the feeding end of the dust disperser respectively. The supply and cut-off of the power air flow can be controlled by controlling the solenoid valve. When the power air flow is supplied to the pneumatic valve, the dust in the dust bin can be sucked into the pneumatic valve by the high-speed air flow to form a dust-carrying air flow, and then added to the inside of the test pipeline through the dust disperser, which is beneficial to form a dust cloud with better dispersion effect inside the test pipeline. Seal the flange blind plate at the end of the double-flange short pipe at one end of the test pipeline, so that the test pipeline forms a structure with one end open and one end closed. On this basis, install an ignition electrode on the flange blind plate, and the detonation operation of the dust cloud can be carried out at the closed end of the test pipeline, thus providing better test conditions for the flame propagation process during the explosion, and solving the drawback that the traditional test system cannot effectively observe the flame propagation law during the dust explosion process.

[0019] The present invention innovatively adopts a visual transparent pipeline, which can realize a 1:1 reproduction of the pipeline size of the industrial dust removal system in cooperation with the modular double-flange short pipe. It not only meets the requirements of impact resistance strength but also realizes the visual observation of the pipeline, which is of great significance for studying the dust flow before explosion and the law of explosion flame propagation. In the traditional technology, most of the dust explosion test systems adopt closed and opaque metal pipelines. Even if there is a glass observation window, its area is very small and it is not enough to observe the overall process of flame propagation. For some square pipelines with glass windows, their overall impact resistance strength and scale are relatively small, and it is difficult to approach the pipeline size of the actual production conditions. Compared with the traditional metal dust explosion test system, the present invention can carry out continuous observation operations of large-size and long-distance flame propagation. The flexible pipeline connection form can conveniently replace the pipeline and change the overall length of the pipeline, which can solve the problems of the small scale of the existing pipeline metal dust explosion test system and the inability to observe the flame propagation throughout the whole section.

[0020] This system has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, strong expansion ability, high automation degree and ideal test effect. It can not only test the pressure propagation during the explosion process, but also obtain the characteristics of dust cloud particle dispersion and flow as well as the flame propagation situation during the whole explosion process, which is of great significance for analyzing the dust explosion pressure, the fine characteristics and laws of flame propagation under real working conditions, and carrying out efficient explosion-proof and explosion-suppression work. It can provide reliable technical support and guarantee for studying the propagation characteristics of flame waves and pressure waves during the whole combustion and explosion process of metal dust clouds, and studying the influence laws of different spatial structures on the flow and explosion characteristics of metal dust clouds.

[0021] The present invention also provides a modular and visual pipeline metal dust explosion test method, which adopts a modular and visual pipeline metal dust explosion test system, including the following steps;

[0022] Step 1: Assemble the modular and visual pipeline metal dust explosion test system; install multiple temperature sensors on multiple double-flange short pipes through multiple threaded mounting holes respectively, and load a set mass of dust into multiple dust bins respectively;

[0023] Step 2: Control multiple solenoid valves to open in sequence according to the set time series through the data processing terminal. After the solenoid valves are opened, the compressed air in the synthetic air cylinder enters the air inlet of the pneumatic valve through the solenoid valves. The high-speed airflow is used to suck the dust in the dust bin into the pneumatic valve to form a dust-carrying airflow, and then the dust-carrying airflow is dispersed from bottom to top into the test pipeline through the dust disperser to form a dust cloud in the internal space of the test pipeline. When the dust in the dust bin is exhausted, control the corresponding solenoid valve to close. After all solenoid valves are closed, execute Step 3;

[0024] Meanwhile, control the opening and closing moments of each solenoid valve through the data processing terminal, precisely control the formation process of the particulate dust cloud in each dust disperser, and avoid the problem that the dust cloud at the rear end of the pipeline has settled under the condition of simultaneous dust spraying through time series control;

[0025] Synchronously, use a high-speed camera to collect the image data of the particulate dispersion and flow of the dust cloud inside the test pipeline in real time and send it to the data processing terminal;

[0026] Step 3: Control the ignition electrode to perform an ignition action through the data processing terminal, so that the dust cloud explodes inside the test pipeline. During the explosion process, use a pressure sensor to collect the pressure signal during the explosion process in real time and send it to the data processing terminal, use a high-speed camera to collect the image data of the flame propagation and change during the explosion process in real time and send it to the data processing terminal, and use a temperature sensor to collect the temperature signal of the test pipeline in real time and send it to the data processing terminal;

[0027] Step 4: The data processing terminal obtains the pressure data during the explosion process based on the pressure signal during the explosion, obtains the temperature data during the explosion process based on the temperature signal during the explosion. Meanwhile, obtain the dispersion and flow characteristics of the dust cloud particles during the filling process through the analysis of the particulate dispersion and flow image data of the dust cloud, obtain the flame propagation change situation during the entire explosion segment through the analysis of the flame propagation and change image data during the explosion process, calculate the dust concentration data inside the test pipeline based on the volume of the test pipeline and the mass of the dust in each dust bin (3), and comprehensively obtain the propagation law of dust explosion based on the dust concentration data, the dispersion and flow characteristics of the dust cloud particles, the length of the test pipeline, the inner diameter of the test pipeline, the change situation of the pressure data, the change situation of the temperature data, and the change situation of the flame propagation.

[0028] As an optimization, in step two, the data processing terminal controls the opening of multiple solenoid valves in sequence according to the set time series in the order from near to far from the flange blind plate, so that the dust enters the internal space of the test pipeline from each dust disperser in a certain time sequence and under the same initial pressure condition.

[0029] The implementation process of this method is simple and highly automated. It can not only test the pressure propagation during the explosion process, but also obtain the characteristics of dust cloud particle dispersion and flow, as well as the flame propagation during the whole explosion process. It is of great significance for analyzing the fine characteristics and laws of dust explosion pressure, temperature, and flame propagation under real working conditions and carrying out efficient explosion prevention and suppression work. It is conducive to comprehensively understanding the propagation law of dust explosion based on the obtained dust concentration data, the dispersion and flow characteristics of dust cloud particles, the length of the test pipeline, the inner diameter of the test pipeline, the change of pressure data, the change of temperature data, and the change of flame propagation. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the dust disperser in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the left view of;

[0033] Figure 4 is the principle block diagram of the control part in the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1, pipeline fixing rib; 2, supporting bracket; 3, dust bin; 4, solenoid valve; 5, ignition electrode; 6, flange blind plate; 7, synthetic air cylinder; 8, data processing terminal; 9, annular silica gel pad; 10, air supply pipeline; 11, double flange short pipe; 12, transparent pipeline; 13, pressure sensor; 14, dust disperser; 15, pneumatic valve; 16, high-speed camera; 17, longitudinal strengthening fin; 18, dispersion blade; 19, fixing nut; 20, disperser main body; 21, threaded installation hole. Detailed Embodiments

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, the present invention provides a modular and visual pipeline metal dust explosion test system, including a supporting bracket 2, a test pipeline, a flange blind plate 6, an ignition electrode 5, a dust filling and collection assembly, a synthetic air cylinder 7, and a data processing terminal 8;

[0037] The length direction of the supporting bracket 2 extends left and right, and its bottom is fixedly connected to the ground or the supporting platform;

[0038] The test pipeline includes a double-flange short pipe 11 and a transparent pipeline 12; a plurality of double-flange short pipes 11 are fixedly installed at the upper end of the supporting bracket 2 at intervals and coaxially along the length direction, forming multiple pipeline installation spaces between the plurality of double-flange short pipes 11. At the same time, a sensor installation hole is opened on the pipe body of the short pipe in each double-flange short pipe 11. As a preference, the sensor installation hole is located in the central area at the upper end of the short pipe in each double-flange short pipe 11; multiple sections of transparent pipelines 12 are correspondingly distributed in the multiple pipeline installation spaces, and both ends of each section of transparent pipeline 12 are respectively inserted into the interiors of the adjacent two double-flange short pipes 11 at the closer ends;

[0039] In order to facilitate the real-time collection of temperature data during the dust explosion process inside the test pipeline, each dust filling and collection component further includes a temperature sensor; a threaded installation hole 21 is also opened on the pipe body of the short pipe in each double-flange short pipe 11. As a further preference, the threaded installation hole 21 is preferably horizontally arranged and is located in the central area at the front end or the central area at the rear end of the short pipe in the double-flange short pipe 11. In this way, an additional sensor, such as an inserted temperature sensor, can be installed in the threaded installation hole 21, and it is also convenient to collect the gas temperature after the explosion through the threaded installation hole 21. When the threaded installation hole 21 is not needed, it can be blocked by a sealing bolt adapted to the threaded installation hole 21; the inserted temperature sensor is connected to the data processing terminal 8, and the probe of the inserted temperature sensor is connected to the double-flange short pipe 11 through the threaded installation hole 21.

[0040] In order to make the overall connection performance of the test pipeline better so as to better withstand the impact force during the explosion, it may further include four rod-shaped pipeline fixing ribs 1; wherein, four through holes are opened at the four corners of the flange plate in each double-flange short pipe 11; the four pipeline fixing ribs 1 are distributed around the outside of the test pipeline and are respectively fixedly inserted into the four through holes on the plurality of double-flange short pipes 11. As a further preference, external thread structures are provided on the outer sides of both ends of each pipeline fixing rib 1. In this way, it is convenient to use a locking nut to be sleeved on the outer side of the end of the pipeline fixing rib 1 through thread fitting and lock the end of the pipeline fixing rib 1 on the flange plate in the double-flange short pipe 11;

[0041] As a preference, the minimum test unit is composed of two double-flange short pipes 11 and a transparent pipe 12 connected between them. The distance between the two double-flange short pipes 11 can be set as required, and transparent pipes 12 of different lengths can be adaptively installed. Of course, in order to make the overall stability and reliability higher, four pipe fixing ribs 1 can also be added to the minimum test unit. The two ends of the four pipe fixing ribs 1 respectively penetrate through four through holes in the flange plates of the two double-flange short pipes 11, so as to fixedly connect the two double-flange short pipes 11 and the transparent pipe 12 and keep them in a locked state.

[0042] As a preference, multiple double-flange short pipes 11 can be evenly distributed along the length direction of the supporting bracket 2. In this way, the lengths of the multiple formed pipe installation spaces are the same, and the lengths of the multiple sections of transparent pipes 12 used are also the same. Of course, in order to meet different test requirements, multiple double-flange short pipes 11 can be unevenly distributed along the length direction of the supporting bracket 2. In this way, the lengths of the multiple formed pipe installation spaces are different, and the lengths of the multiple sections of transparent pipes 12 used are also different.

[0043] As a further preference, in order to facilitate the quick positioning and installation between the transparent pipe 12 and the double-flange short pipe 11, an annular positioning groove can be opened on the inner side of the end of the double-flange short pipe 11, and the inner diameter of the annular positioning groove is adapted to the outer diameter of the transparent pipe 12;

[0044] An electrode installation hole is opened in the middle of the flange blind plate 6. It is located outside one end of the test pipe and is fixedly connected to the flange plate at the outer end of the double-flange short pipe 11;

[0045] The ignition electrode 5 is fixedly inserted into the electrode installation hole on the flange blind plate 6;

[0046] Multiple groups of dust filling and collecting components are distributed corresponding to multiple double-flange short pipes 11. Each group of dust filling and collecting components includes a pressure sensor 13, a dust disperser 14, a pneumatic valve 15, a dust bin 3 and a solenoid valve 4. The pressure sensor 13 is fixedly installed in the sensor installation hole on the double-flange short pipe 11. The dust disperser 14 is fixedly installed at the bottom inside the middle section of the double-flange short pipe 11, and its feeding end reaches the outside after passing through the short pipe of the double-flange short pipe 11; The dust outlet of the pneumatic valve 15 is connected to the feeding end of the dust disperser 14; The dust outlet of the dust bin 3 is connected to the dust inlet of the pneumatic valve 15; The air outlet of the solenoid valve 4 is connected to the air inlet of the pneumatic valve 15;

[0047] The air outlet of the synthetic air cylinder 7 is respectively connected to the air inlets of the solenoid valves 4 in multiple groups of dust filling and collecting components through multiple air supply pipelines 10;

[0048] The data processing terminal 8 is respectively connected to the pressure sensor 13, the ignition electrode 5, and the solenoid valve 4.

[0049] As an optimization, it further includes a power supply module and a communication module. The power supply module is connected to the data processing terminal 8 for power supply, and the communication module is connected to the data processing terminal 8 for establishing a communication connection between the data processing terminal 8 and external devices.

[0050] To avoid damaging the transparent pipeline during the fastening process and effectively protect the transparent pipeline, and at the same time, to improve the sealing performance between the transparent pipeline and the double-flange short pipe, it further includes an annular silicone gasket 9. Multiple pairs of annular silicone gaskets 9 respectively correspond to multiple sections of transparent pipelines 12. Each pair of annular silicone gaskets 9 is respectively sleeved on the outer sides of both ends of each section of transparent pipeline 12 and is respectively sealed and connected to two adjacent double-flange short pipes 11.

[0051] To facilitate the installation and removal operations, and at the same time, to ensure that the double-flange short pipe can provide a stable support foundation for the transparent pipeline during the test, a fixed seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the double-flange short pipe 11, and the double-flange short pipe 11 is fixedly connected to the test bracket 2 through the fixed seat. Preferably, the fixed seat is made of high-strength metal material. As a further optimization, a U-shaped hole is provided at the edge of the fixed seat, and it is fixedly connected to the supporting bracket 2 through a connecting bolt inserted into the U-shaped hole. Through the setting of the U-shaped hole, the small displacement generated by the pipeline fixing rib 1 during the fastening process can be offset, improving the convenience during the installation process.

[0052] To record the flow condition of dust in the test pipeline and the flame change condition during the dust explosion process throughout the whole process, it further includes a high-speed camera 16. The high-speed camera 16 is supported on one side outside the test pipeline, its image acquisition direction faces the test pipeline, and the high-speed camera 16 is connected to the data processing terminal 8.

[0053] To ensure that the pipeline has good impact resistance and, at the same time, to ensure the clarity during the observation process, the transparent pipeline 12 is made of organic glass or polycarbonate material.

[0054] As a preference, the dust disperser 14 includes a disperser main body 20, a fixing nut 19, dispersing vanes 18 and longitudinal reinforcing fins 17; the interior of the disperser main body 20 has a cavity for dust to pass through, and the outer surface of its feed end is provided with an external thread structure; the fixing nut 19 is located outside the double flange short pipe 11 and is sleeved outside the feed end of the disperser main body 20 through threaded fit, and locks the disperser main body 20 at the bottom of the double flange short pipe 11; a plurality of dispersing vanes 18 are fixedly connected to the discharge end of the disperser main body 20 in a dispersed manner, and are used for dispersing the dust discharged from the discharge end of the disperser main body 20; the longitudinal reinforcing fins 17 are fixedly connected to the lower ends of the dispersing vanes 18. By providing a plurality of dispersing vanes, the movement track of the dust ejected from the discharge end of the disperser main body can be effectively changed, so that it is beneficial to evenly distribute the dust in the internal space of the test pipeline. By fixedly connecting the longitudinal reinforcing fins to the lower ends of the dispersing vanes, the overall impact resistance of the dust disperser can be effectively enhanced, especially the impact of the shock wave brought about by the increase in the length of the test pipeline can be effectively resisted. As a further preference, the longitudinal reinforcing fins extend along the axis.

[0055] As a preference, the data processing terminal is an industrial computer.

[0056] The present invention adopts a modular design concept. Multiple double-flange short pipes are used to bridge multiple sections of transparent pipes to form an integral test pipe. At the same time, a set of independent dust injection and collection components is equipped for each double-flange short pipe, and each set of dust injection and collection components includes a pressure sensor, a dust disperser, a pneumatic valve, a dust bin, and a solenoid valve. In this way, it can be ensured that each double-flange short pipe can realize the functions of dust injection and pressure testing, enabling the system to have extremely strong expansion capabilities. On the one hand, according to the specific experimental test requirements, the length of the test pipe can be conveniently adjusted, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the overall length-diameter ratio of the test pipe. On the other hand, it can also make the whole test system have multiple test points, which is conducive to obtaining more comprehensive test data. The pressure sensor is directly installed on the double-flange short pipe, and the high-strength impact resistance of the double-flange short pipe can be used to provide a stable fixed foundation for the pressure sensor, so that the pressure signal inside the test pipe can be reliably and stably collected during the entire explosion process, ensuring the reliable collection of test data. At the same time, it avoids the drawback that the installation of the pressure sensor on the transparent pipe reduces its impact resistance. Since multiple double-flange short pipes are fixedly connected to the supporting brackets, and the transparent pipes are only connected to the adjacent two double-flange short pipes, on the one hand, the formed test pipe can have good connection strength with the supporting brackets, ensuring the impact resistance of the test pipe during the test process. On the other hand, since the dust oxidation particles generated after the explosion are extremely easy to adhere to the inner wall of the pipe, it will cause the light transmittance of the pipe to become worse. At the same time, after a long time of multiple explosion tests, affected by the high-temperature flame, the pipe will have a series of problems such as aging and reduced strength. This modular and assembled connection structure can realize the rapid and convenient replacement of the transparent pipe. Since the pressure sensor and the dust disperser are both installed on the double-flange short pipe, it will not have any impact on them after the transparent pipe is replaced, ensuring that it can be reused multiple times. At the same time, this modular and assembled connection structure can facilitate the maintenance operation of the test pipe. After the transparent pipe is removed, it is convenient to clean the inner walls of the dust disperser, the double-flange short pipe, and the transparent pipe, which is conducive to ensuring the accurate collection of data in the subsequent test process. Fixing the dust disperser at the bottom of the double-flange short pipe is beneficial to ensuring the connection strength of the dust disperser and, at the same time, is beneficial to improving the impact resistance of the dust disperser during the explosion process. Moreover, this layout can use the upward airflow to inject dust into the interior of the test pipe, making the dispersion state of the dust more uniform and avoiding the situation where the dust directly deposits at the bottom of the test pipe.Connect the synthetic air cylinder to the air inlet of the pneumatic valve through a pipeline and a solenoid valve, and connect the dust inlet and the air outlet of the pneumatic valve to the dust outlet of the dust bin and the feeding end of the dust disperser respectively. The supply and cut-off of the power air flow can be controlled by controlling the solenoid valve. When the power air flow is supplied to the pneumatic valve, the dust in the dust bin can be sucked into the pneumatic valve by the high-speed air flow to form a dust-carrying air flow, and then added to the inside of the test pipeline through the dust disperser, which is beneficial to forming a dust cloud with better dispersion effect inside the test pipeline. Seal the flange blind plate at the end of the double-flange short pipe at one end of the test pipeline, so that the test pipeline forms a structure with one end open and one end closed. On this basis, install an ignition electrode on the flange blind plate, and the detonation operation of the dust cloud can be carried out at the closed end of the test pipeline, so that the flame can spread from the closed end to the open end, which can provide better test conditions for the flame propagation process during the explosion, and solve the drawback that the traditional test system cannot effectively observe the flame propagation law during the dust explosion process.

[0057] The present invention innovatively adopts a visual transparent pipeline, which can realize a 1:1 reproduction of the pipeline size of the industrial dust removal system in cooperation with the modular double-flange short pipe. It not only meets the requirements of impact resistance strength, but also realizes the visual observation of the pipeline, which is of great significance for studying the dust flow before explosion and the law of explosion flame propagation. In the traditional technology, most of the dust explosion test systems adopt closed and opaque metal pipelines. Even if there is a glass observation window, its area is very small and it is not enough to observe the overall process of flame propagation. For some square pipelines with glass windows, their overall impact resistance strength and scale are relatively small, and it is difficult to approach the pipeline size of the actual production conditions. Compared with the traditional metal dust explosion test system, the present invention can carry out continuous observation operations of large-size and long-distance flame propagation. The flexible pipeline connection form can conveniently replace the pipeline and change the overall length of the pipeline, which can solve the problems of the small scale of the existing pipeline metal dust explosion test system and the inability to observe the flame propagation throughout the whole section.

[0058] This system has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, strong expansion ability, high automation degree and ideal test effect. It can not only test the propagation of pressure during the explosion process, but also obtain the particle dispersion, flow characteristics of the dust cloud and the flame propagation situation of the whole explosion process, which is of great significance for analyzing the dust explosion pressure, fine characteristics and laws of flame propagation under actual working conditions, and carrying out efficient explosion prevention and suppression work. It can provide reliable technical support and guarantee for studying the propagation characteristics of flame waves and pressure waves during the whole combustion and explosion process of metal dust clouds, and studying the influence laws of different spatial structures on the flow and explosion characteristics of metal dust clouds.

[0059] The present invention also provides a modular and visual pipeline metal dust explosion test method, which adopts a modular and visual pipeline metal dust explosion test system, including the following steps;

[0060] Step 1: Assemble a modular and visual pipeline metal dust explosion test system;

[0061] S11: Determine the number of sections, length, and inner diameter of the transparent pipeline 12 according to the test conditions, and determine the number and inner diameter of the double-flange short pipes 11;

[0062] S12: Arrange multiple double-flange short pipes 11 at intervals along the length direction on the upper end of the support bracket 2, and form multiple multi-section pipeline installation spaces between the multiple double-flange short pipes 11;

[0063] S13: Arrange multiple sections of transparent pipeline 12 in the corresponding multi-section pipeline installation spaces, and sleeve two annular silicone pads 9 on the outer sides of both ends of each section of transparent pipeline 12, and then insert the end of the transparent pipeline 12 into the inner side of the end of the double-flange short pipe 11 to form a test pipeline;

[0064] S14: Use connecting bolts to fixedly install multiple double-flange short pipes 11 on the upper end of the support bracket 2, and then pass four pipeline fixing ribs 1 through the flange plates on each double-flange short pipe 11 in sequence. Then, threadedly connect two locking nuts at both ends of each pipeline fixing rib 1, and use the locking nuts at both ends to press and fix the two double-flange short pipes 11 at both ends inward;

[0065] S14: Install the ignition electrode 5 in the electrode installation hole of the flange blind plate 6, and then use connecting bolts to fixedly connect the flange blind plate 6 with the double-flange short pipe 11 at one end to seal one end of the test pipeline;

[0066] S15: Connect the air outlet of the synthetic air cylinder 7 with the intake ends of multiple air supply pipelines 10, and then connect the outlet ends of the multiple air supply pipelines 10 with the intake ports of multiple pneumatic valves 15 through multiple solenoid valves 4 respectively, and connect the dust outlets of multiple dust bins 3 with the dust inlets of multiple pneumatic valves 15 respectively, connect the dust outlets of multiple pneumatic valves 15 with the feeding ends of multiple dust dispersers 14 respectively, and load a set mass of dust into multiple dust bins 3 respectively;

[0067] S16: Install multiple temperature sensors on multiple double-flange short pipes 11 through multiple threaded mounting holes 21 respectively;

[0068] S17: Establish a communication connection between the data processing terminal 8 and the pressure sensor 13, temperature sensors, ignition electrode 5, solenoid valve 4, and high-speed camera;

[0069] Step 2: The data processing terminal 8 controls a plurality of solenoid valves 4 to open in sequence according to the set time series. After the solenoid valves 4 are opened, the compressed air in the synthetic air cylinder 7 enters the air inlets of the pneumatic valves 15 through the solenoid valves 4 respectively. The high-speed flowing air stream is used to suck the dust in the dust bin 3 into the pneumatic valve 15 to form a dust-carrying air stream, and then the dust-carrying air stream is dispersed and supplied into the test pipeline from bottom to top through the dust disperser 14 to form a dust cloud in the internal space of the test pipeline. When the dust in the dust bin 3 is exhausted, the corresponding solenoid valve 4 is controlled to close. After all the solenoid valves 4 are closed, Step 3 is executed;

[0070] Synchronously, the high-speed camera 16 is used to collect the image data of the particle dispersion and flow of the dust cloud inside the test pipeline in real time and send it to the data processing terminal 8;

[0071] Step 3: The data processing terminal 8 controls the ignition electrode 5 to perform an ignition action to cause the dust cloud to explode inside the test pipeline. During the explosion process, the pressure sensor 13 is used to collect the pressure signal during the explosion process in real time and send it to the data processing terminal 8. The high-speed camera 16 is used to collect the image data of the flame propagation and change during the explosion process in real time and send it to the data processing terminal 8. The temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature signal of the test pipeline in real time and send it to the data processing terminal (8);

[0072] Step 4: The data processing terminal 8 obtains the pressure data during the explosion process according to the pressure signal during the explosion occurrence process, and obtains the temperature data during the explosion process according to the temperature signal during the explosion occurrence process. At the same time, the dispersion and flow characteristics of the dust cloud particles during the filling process are obtained through the analysis of the particle dispersion and flow image data of the dust cloud, and the flame propagation change situation during the entire explosion process is obtained through the analysis of the flame propagation and change image data during the explosion occurrence process. Based on the volume of the test pipeline and the mass of the dust in each dust bin 3, the dust concentration data inside the test pipeline is calculated, and the propagation law of dust explosion is comprehensively obtained according to the dust concentration data, the dispersion and flow characteristics of the dust cloud particles, the length of the test pipeline, the inner diameter of the test pipeline, the change situation of the pressure data, the change situation of the temperature data, and the change situation of the flame propagation;

[0073] As a preference, the data processing terminal 8 controls the opening of a plurality of solenoid valves 4 in sequence according to the set time series and in the order from near to far from the flange blind plate 6, so that the dust enters the internal space of the test pipeline from each dust disperser 14 in a certain time sequence and under the same initial pressure condition 。

[0074] This method has a simple implementation process and a high degree of automation. It can not only test the pressure propagation during the explosion process, but also obtain the dispersion and flow characteristics of dust cloud particles and the flame propagation during the entire explosion process, which is of great significance for analyzing the fine characteristics and laws of dust explosion pressure, temperature, and flame propagation under real working conditions, carrying out efficient explosion prevention and suppression work, and is conducive to comprehensively understanding the propagation law of dust explosion based on the obtained dust concentration data, the dispersion and flow characteristics of dust cloud particles, the length of the test pipeline, the inner diameter of the test pipeline, the change of pressure data, the change of temperature data, and the change of flame propagation.

Claims

1. A modular, visual pipeline metal dust explosion test system, comprising a support bracket (2); characterized in that: It also includes a test pipe, a flange blind plate (6), an ignition electrode (5), a dust filling and collection assembly, a synthetic air bottle (7) and a data processing terminal (8); The test pipeline comprises a double-flange short tube (11) and a transparent tube (12); a plurality of double-flange short tubes (11) are fixedly installed on the upper end of a supporting bracket (2) in a sequentially spaced and coaxial manner along the length direction, and a multi-section pipeline installation space is formed between the plurality of double-flange short tubes (11); and a sensor installation hole is provided on the tube body of each double-flange short tube (11); a plurality of sections of transparent tubes (12) are correspondingly distributed in the multi-section pipeline installation space, and the two ends of each section of the transparent tube (12) are respectively inserted into the interior of two adjacent double-flange short tubes (11) close to one end; An electrode mounting hole is provided in the middle of the flange blind plate (6), which is located outside one end of the test pipe and is fixedly connected to the flange plate at the outer end of the double flange short pipe (11); The ignition electrode (5) is fixedly inserted into the electrode mounting hole on the flange blind plate (6); A plurality of groups of dust filling and collecting components are distributed corresponding to a plurality of double-flange short tubes (11), and each group of dust filling and collecting components comprises a pressure sensor (13), a dust disperser (14), a pneumatic valve (15), a dust bin (3) and a solenoid valve (4). The pressure sensor (13) is fixedly mounted in a sensor mounting hole on the double-flange short tube (11); the dust disperser (14) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the inner side of the middle section of the double-flange short tube (11), and its feed end passes through the short tube of the double-flange short tube (11) to reach the outside; the dust outlet of the pneumatic valve (15) is connected to the feed end of the dust disperser (14); the dust outlet of the dust bin (3) is connected to the dust inlet of the pneumatic valve (15); the air outlet of the solenoid valve (4) is connected to the air inlet of the pneumatic valve (15); The gas outlet of the synthetic air bottle (7) is respectively connected to the gas inlet of the electromagnetic valve (4) in the plurality of dust filling and collection components through a plurality of gas supply pipelines (10); The data processing terminal (8) is respectively connected to the pressure sensor (13), the ignition electrode (5) and the electromagnetic valve (4).

2. A modular, visual pipeline metal dust explosion test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes pipeline fixing ribs (1); four through holes are opened at the four corners of the flange plate in each double-flange short pipe (11); the four pipeline fixing ribs (1) are distributed around the outside of the test pipe and are respectively fixedly inserted into the four through holes on the plurality of double-flange short pipes (11).

3. A modular, visual pipeline metal dust explosion test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an annular silicone pad (9), wherein a plurality of pairs of annular silicone pads (9) correspond to the plurality of sections of transparent pipes (12), respectively, and each pair of annular silicone pads (9) is respectively sleeved on the outer sides of both ends of each section of transparent pipe (12), and respectively sealed and connected to two adjacent double-flange short pipes (11).

4. A modular, visual pipeline metal dust explosion test system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the double-flange short tube (11) is fixedly connected to a fixing seat, and the double-flange short tube (11) is fixedly connected to the test bracket (2) via the fixing seat.

5. A modular, visual pipeline metal dust explosion test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a high-speed camera (16), which is supported on one side outside the test pipe, with its image acquisition direction facing the test pipe, and the high-speed camera (16) is connected to the data processing terminal (8).

6. A modular, visual pipeline metal dust explosion test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transparent pipe (12) is made of organic glass or polycarbonate.

7. A modular, visual pipeline metal dust explosion test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust disperser (14) comprises a disperser body (20), a fixing nut (19), a dispersing blade (18) and a longitudinal reinforcing fin (17); the disperser body (20) has a cavity inside for dust to pass through, and the outer surface of its feed end is provided with an external thread structure; the fixing nut (19) is located outside the double-flange short tube (11), and is fitted onto the outside of the feed end of the disperser body (20) through threaded fitting, and the disperser body (20) is locked to the bottom of the double-flange short tube (11); a plurality of dispersing blades (18) are fixedly connected to the discharge end of the disperser body (20) in a dispersed manner, and are used to disperse the dust discharged from the discharge end of the disperser body (20); the longitudinal reinforcing fin (17) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the dispersing blade (18).

8. A modular, visual pipeline metal dust explosion test system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each set of dust filling and collection components also includes a temperature sensor; a threaded mounting hole (21) is also provided on the body of each double-flange short tube (11); the temperature sensor is installed in the threaded mounting hole (21) and connected to the data processing terminal (8).

9. A modular, visual pipeline metal dust explosion test method, using a modular, visual pipeline metal dust explosion test system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: assembling a modular and visual pipeline metal dust explosion test system; installing a plurality of temperature sensors on a plurality of double flange short pipes (11) through a plurality of threaded mounting holes (21), and respectively loading a plurality of dust bins (3) with a set mass of dust; Step 2: Control multiple solenoid valves (4) to open in sequence according to a set time sequence through the data processing terminal (8). After the solenoid valve (4) is opened, the compressed air in the synthetic air bottle (7) enters the air inlet of the pneumatic valve (15) through the solenoid valve (4). The high-speed airflow is used to suck the dust in the dust bin (3) into the pneumatic valve (15) to form a dust-carrying airflow. The dust-carrying airflow is then dispersedly supplied from bottom to top into the test pipe through the dust disperser (14), forming a dust cloud in the internal space of the test pipe. When the dust in the dust bin (3) is exhausted, the corresponding solenoid valve (4) is controlled to close. After all the solenoid valves (4) are closed, step 3 is executed. Synchronously, a high-speed camera (16) is used to collect image data of the dispersion and flow of dust cloud particles inside the test pipe in real time, and the image data is sent to a data processing terminal (8); Step 3: Controlling the ignition electrode (5) to perform an ignition action through the data processing terminal (8), so that the dust cloud explodes in the test pipe. During the explosion, the pressure signal of the explosion process is collected in real time by the pressure sensor (13), and sent to the data processing terminal (8). The image data of the flame propagation and change during the explosion process is collected in real time by the high-speed camera (16), and sent to the data processing terminal (8). The temperature signal of the test pipe is collected in real time by the temperature sensor, and sent to the data processing terminal (8); Step 4: The data processing terminal (8) obtains pressure data during the explosion process according to the pressure signal during the explosion process, obtains temperature data during the explosion process according to the temperature signal during the explosion process, and at the same time, obtains the dispersion and flow characteristics of the dust cloud particles during the filling process by analyzing the particle dispersion and flow image data of the dust cloud, obtains the flame propagation change of the entire explosion process by analyzing the flame propagation and change image data during the explosion, calculates the dust concentration data in the test pipeline based on the volume of the test pipeline and the mass of dust in each dust bin (3), and comprehensively obtains the propagation law of the dust explosion based on the dust concentration data, the dispersion and flow characteristics of the dust cloud particles, the length of the test pipeline, the inner diameter of the test pipeline, the change of the pressure data, the change of the temperature data and the change of the flame propagation.

10. A modular, visual pipeline metal dust explosion test method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 2, the data processing terminal (8) controls the opening of the plurality of solenoid valves (4) in sequence according to a set time sequence and in the order of distance from the flange blind plate (6) from near to far, so that dust enters the internal space of the test pipeline from each dust disperser (14) in sequence according to a certain time sequence and under the same initial pressure conditions.

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