Carbon layer residual protection capability detection method based on multiple built-in probes

Abstract

The invention discloses a carbon layer residual protection capability detection method and system based on multiple built-in probes, and the method comprises the steps: 1, inserting a plurality of gas sensing units into a carbon layer according to a preset interval, setting model parameters, reading a gas concentration detection signal of each sensing unit in real time, according to detection signals of the position sensing units, a penetration curve equation is obtained through real-time fitting; 2, calculating the penetration depth of harmful gas according to a penetration curve equation; 3, calculating the residual protection capability of the carbon layer according to the penetration depth; the real-time concentration distribution of the harmful gas in the carbon layer can be calculated based on the gas concentration signals provided by the gas sensing units in the limited number of built-in carbon layers, so that effective information about the residual protection capability of the carbon layer is provided in real time, and the situation that the carbon layer is replaced too early due to over-conservative estimation is avoided; and both safety and high efficiency are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of gas detection, and particularly relates to a method and system for detecting the remaining protection ability of a carbon layer based on built-in multiple probes. Background Art

[0002] Whether it is individual protection or collective protection, it relies on a filtration system to block harmful gases from the outside and deliver clean air to ensure the survival of personnel. However, due to reasons such as the initial use state, on-site use temperature and humidity of the carbon layer in the filtration system, its remaining protection time is often difficult to estimate. If the protection failure time cannot be effectively evaluated and harmful gases break through the protection barrier, serious consequences will occur. However, since the penetration state of the carbon layer is interfered by environmental conditions, types and concentrations of harmful gases, there is no specific equation or model to simply describe it. Therefore, the evaluation of the remaining protection ability of the carbon layer currently mainly gives an early warning when it is about to penetrate or fail, and cannot accurately display the remaining protection ability of the carbon layer in real time, with low informatization level, resulting in difficulty in ensuring the personal safety of personnel and easily increasing the mental burden of personnel.

[0003] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, it is necessary to develop a reliable failure early warning model based on the existing protection failure indication technology, and by collecting and analyzing real-time data of the carbon layer, indicate the remaining protection ability in real time within the allowable accuracy range, so as to provide a scientific basis for decisions such as regular inspections and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method and system for detecting the remaining protection ability of a carbon layer based on built-in multiple probes, which can calculate the remaining protection ability of the carbon layer in real time based on the harmful gas concentration signals obtained in real time by a plurality of sensing units built in the carbon layer, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical solutions provided by the present invention are as follows:

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting the remaining protection ability of a carbon layer based on built-in multiple probes, including:

[0007] Step 1, insert a plurality of gas sensing units into the carbon layer at a preset interval, set model parameters and read the gas concentration detection signals of each sensing unit in real time, and obtain a penetration curve equation by real-time fitting according to the detection signals of the sensing units at each position. The penetration curve equation is: where z is the carbon layer depth, and σ(z) is the percentage of the harmful gas concentration C z / C 0 , C z is the harmful gas concentration at the position z, C 0is the concentration of harmful gases in the environment; a is a constant; s is the depth of the carbon layer where the percentage of harmful gas concentration is 50%, and is the abscissa of the symmetrical center point of the real-time concentration distribution curve; the penetration curve equation is used to describe the change of the real-time harmful gas concentration with the depth of the carbon layer;

[0008] Step 2: Calculate the penetration depth of harmful gases according to the penetration curve equation. The penetration depth of harmful gases is the depth of the carbon layer corresponding to the concentration of harmful gases in the carbon layer reaching the minimum warning concentration.

[0009] Step 3: Calculate the remaining protection capacity of the carbon layer according to the penetration depth. The remaining protection capacity is the ratio of the real-time effective thickness of the carbon layer to the total effective thickness of the carbon layer. The calculation formula of the remaining protection capacity is as follows:

[0010] Among them, the real-time effective thickness of the carbon layer is the total thickness of the carbon layer L 0 and penetration depth of harmful gases L b When the concentration of harmful gas at the tail end of the carbon layer reaches the warning value, the carbon layer is considered to be ineffective. At this time, a part of the tail end of the carbon layer is not saturated with adsorption. The unsaturated part is equivalent to the unused carbon layer thickness, that is, the ineffective thickness h. 0 , the total effective thickness of the carbon layer is the total thickness of the carbon layer L 0 and the inactive thickness h 0 The difference.

[0011] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, step 1 specifically includes: step 11, inserting n gas sensing units in the carbon layer according to a preset spacing; step 12, reading the gas concentration signal C of the probe at each position in the carbon layer in real time 1 ~C n ; Step 13, set the value of the fitting curve parameter a, and determine it through a limited number of experiments; Step 14, set the value range of the fitting curve center point position s, and the value range of the fitting curve center point s should not be less than the actual carbon layer thickness used; Step 15, search the value range of s at intervals with a predetermined value, and obtain multiple groups of fitting curves in combination with the real-time gas concentration signal; Step 16, substitute the carbon layer depth of the sensor unit into these fitting curves to obtain multiple groups of fitting concentration values, and calculate the variance between the actual concentration value and each group of fitting concentration values; Step 17, determine the s value with the smallest variance as the center point of the fitting curve at this moment, and obtain the penetration curve equation with the best fitting effect.

[0012] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the number of gas sensing units inserted in step 11 should be no less than 1, and the types of harmful gases detected by the gas sensing unit include but are not limited to benzene, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, formaldehyde, chlorine, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and hydrogen cyanide; the gas sensing unit has the ability to detect harmful gas concentrations at the ppt level, ppb level and ppm level.

[0013] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, step 2 specifically includes: substituting the minimum warning concentration σ(b) into the penetration equation to obtain the penetration depth L of the harmful gas b : The minimum warning concentration σ(b) is not less than the signal fluctuation value of the gas sensing unit, and is not greater than the minimum harmful dose of the harmful gas to the human body.

[0014] The embodiment of the present invention provides a carbon layer residual protection capability detection system based on a built-in multi-probe, including a penetration curve equation acquisition module, a harmful gas penetration depth calculation module and a carbon layer residual protection capability calculation module;

[0015] The module for obtaining the penetration curve equation is used to insert a plurality of gas sensing units into the carbon layer at a preset interval, set model parameters and read the gas concentration detection signal of each sensing unit in real time, and obtain the penetration curve equation by real-time fitting according to the detection signal of the sensing unit at each position;

[0016] The penetration curve equation is: Where z is the depth of the carbon layer, σ(z) is the percentage of harmful gas concentration at position z C z / C 0 , C z is the concentration of harmful gas at position z, C 0 is the concentration of harmful gases in the environment; a is a constant; s is the depth of the carbon layer where the percentage of harmful gas concentration is 50%, and is the horizontal coordinate of the symmetrical center point of the real-time concentration distribution curve;

[0017] The harmful gas penetration depth calculation module calculates the harmful gas penetration depth according to the penetration curve equation;

[0018] The module for calculating the remaining protection capacity of the carbon layer calculates the remaining protection capacity of the carbon layer according to the penetration depth; the calculation formula of the remaining protection capacity is as follows: Among them, the real-time effective thickness of the carbon layer is the total thickness of the carbon layer L 0 and harmful gas penetration depth L b When the concentration of harmful gas at the tail end of the carbon layer reaches the warning value, the carbon layer is considered to be ineffective. At this time, a part of the tail end of the carbon layer is not saturated with adsorption. The unsaturated part is equivalent to the unused carbon layer thickness, that is, the ineffective thickness h. 0 , the total effective thickness of the carbon layer is the total thickness of the carbon layer L 0 and the inactive thickness h 0 The difference.

[0019] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the penetration equation of the module for calculating the penetration depth of harmful gases is:

[0020] Among them, Lb is the penetration depth of harmful gases. The minimum warning concentration σ(b) is not less than the signal fluctuation value of the gas sensing unit and not greater than the lowest harmful dose of harmful gases to the human body.

[0021] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a method for detecting the remaining protection ability of a carbon layer based on built-in multiple probes as described in the above embodiment.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method and system for detecting the remaining protection ability of a carbon layer based on built-in multiple probes, having the following beneficial effects: The present invention can calculate the real-time concentration distribution of harmful gases in the carbon layer based on the gas concentration signals provided by the gas sensing units in a finite number of built-in carbon layers, so as to provide effective information about the remaining protection ability of the carbon layer in real time; By ensuring the real-time detection of the carbon layer failure situation, this method avoids premature replacement of the carbon layer caused by overly conservative estimation, achieving a balance between safety and efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a method for detecting the remaining protection ability of a carbon layer based on built-in multiple probes provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a test platform for a method for detecting the remaining protection ability of a carbon layer based on built-in multiple probes provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a curve showing the distribution of harmful gases with the depth of the carbon layer obtained by fitting the harmful gas concentration measured by the built-in sensing unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the comparison result between the predicted remaining protection ability and the actual remaining protection ability obtained by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0029] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting the remaining protection ability of a carbon layer based on built-in multi-probes, including:

[0030] Step 1: Insert a plurality of gas sensing units into the carbon layer at a preset interval, set model parameters, and read the gas concentration detection signals of each sensing unit in real time. According to the detection signals of the sensing units at each position, a penetration curve equation is fitted in real time. The penetration curve equation is: where z is the carbon layer depth, and σ(z) is the percentage of the harmful gas concentration C z / C 0 at the position z, C z is the harmful gas concentration at the position z, and C 0 is the harmful gas concentration in the environment; a is a constant; s is the carbon layer depth at which the percentage of the harmful gas concentration is 50%, which is the abscissa of the symmetric center point of the real-time concentration distribution curve; the penetration curve equation is used to describe the change of the real-time harmful gas concentration with the carbon layer depth.

[0031] Step 2: Calculate the penetration depth of the harmful gas according to the penetration curve equation. The penetration depth of the harmful gas is the carbon layer depth corresponding to the minimum warning concentration of the harmful gas concentration in the carbon layer.

[0032] Step 3: Calculate the remaining protection ability of the carbon layer according to the penetration depth. The remaining protection ability is the ratio of the real-time effective thickness of the carbon layer to the total effective thickness of the carbon layer. The calculation formula for the remaining protection ability is as follows:

[0033] where the real-time effective thickness of the carbon layer is the difference between the total thickness L 0 of the carbon layer and the penetration depth L b of the harmful gas; since when the harmful gas concentration at the end of the carbon layer reaches the warning value, the carbon layer is considered to fail, and at this time, there is a part at the end of the carbon layer that is not saturated with adsorption. The unsaturated part is equivalent to the unused carbon layer thickness, that is, the ineffective thickness h 0 , and the total effective thickness of the carbon layer is the difference between the total thickness L 0 of the carbon layer and the ineffective thickness h 0 .

[0034] In this embodiment, according to the breakthrough curve model, the remaining protection ability of the carbon layer is linearly related to the remaining effective thickness. Therefore, the ratio of the remaining effective thickness of the carbon layer to the total effective thickness can be used as a characteristic value for predicting the remaining protection ability of the carbon layer. Since the carbon layer is considered to fail when the concentration of harmful gas at the end of the carbon layer reaches the warning value, and at this time, a part of the end of the carbon layer is not saturated with adsorption, this part is equivalent to the thickness of the carbon layer that is not utilized, that is, the ineffective thickness h 0 , therefore, the total effective thickness of the carbon layer is the difference between the total thickness L 0 and the dead layer thickness h 0 ; the remaining effective thickness of the carbon layer is the difference between the total thickness L 0 and the penetration depth L b of the harmful gas.

[0035] As Figure 1 shown, step 1 specifically includes: step 11, inserting n gas sensing units into the carbon layer at a preset interval; the number of gas sensing units inserted in step 11 should be no less than 1, which is responsible for ensuring the accuracy of the concentration distribution curve fitted based on the concentration signals of the gas sensing units. The insertion depth of the carbon layer can be determined by simulation calculation, experience or a limited number of experiments according to the number of gas sensing units to be inserted. The types of harmful gases detected by the gas sensing units include, but are not limited to, benzene series, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, formaldehyde, chlorine, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and hydrogen cyanide; the gas sensing units have the ability to detect harmful gas concentrations at the ppt level, ppb level and ppm level. Step 12, read the gas concentration signals C 1 ~ C n of each position probe in the carbon layer in real time. Step 13, set the value of the fitting curve parameter a, which is determined by a limited number of experiments.

[0036] Step 14, set the value range of the center point s of the fitting curve. The value range of the center point s of the fitting curve should be no less than the thickness of the carbon layer actually used. Step 15, search through the value range of s at a predetermined interval, and combine with the real-time gas concentration signal to obtain multiple fitting curves. The number of fitting curves obtained in this embodiment is preferably no less than 100, and the interval for searching through the value range of s should not be greater than 1% of the total length of the s value range. Step 16, substitute the carbon layer depth of the sensing unit into these fitting curves to obtain multiple groups of fitting concentration values, and calculate the variance between the actual concentration value and each group of fitting concentration values. Step 17, determine the s value with the smallest variance as the center point of the fitting curve at this moment, and obtain the breakthrough curve equation with the best fitting effect.

[0037] Specifically, the breakthrough curve equation is obtained by simplifying the Bohart-Adams model, and the derivation process is as follows:

[0038] The strict mathematical expression of the Bohart-Adams model is:

[0039]

[0040] Among them, C 0 is the concentration of harmful gases in the environment, C is the outlet concentration at time t, L is the depth of the carbon layer, k is the adsorption kinetic parameter, and t is the adsorption time; ρ s is the density of the carbon layer; ε is the porosity of the carbon layer; q is the concentration of the adsorbate on the carbon layer. Among them, the parameters k, ε, and v are difficult to obtain during the adsorption process of a fixed adsorption bed, and there is the following relationship between the interstitial velocity and the superficial velocity (empty tower velocity), that is, u = εv. Let k BA = k·ε, then the parameters in the above formula are converted into easily obtained parameters u and the lumped parameter kBA, and it is converted into the following formula:

[0041]

[0042] In the formula, C 0 is the initial adsorbate concentration; C is the outlet concentration at time t; k BA is the lumped parameter of the Bohart-Adams model; N 0 is the maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbent per unit volume; L is the bed depth; u is the superficial velocity (empty tower velocity). This formula is the linearized logarithmic Bohart-Adams model, also known as the logarithmic formula. Among them, k BA , N 0 , L, and u are constants. Let s = k BA C 0 , then the above formula can be simplified to the breakthrough curve equation:

[0043]

[0044] Among them, z represents different carbon layer depths and is the independent variable, σ(z) is the percentage of the poison gas concentration at the z position (C Z / C 0 ), C Z is the concentration at the z position, and C 0 is the environmental concentration. This breakthrough curve equation is a centrally symmetric "S"-shaped curve in the mathematical value range of [0,1], and the symmetric center point is (s, 50%).

[0045] Step 2 specifically includes: substituting the minimum warning concentration σ(b) into the penetration equation to obtain the penetration depth L b : Among them, the minimum warning concentration σ(b) should not be less than the signal fluctuation value of the gas sensing unit and should not be greater than the lowest harmful dose of the harmful gas to the human body.

[0046] The embodiment of the present invention provides a carbon layer residual protection capability detection system based on a built-in multi-probe, including a penetration curve equation acquisition module, a harmful gas penetration depth calculation module and a carbon layer residual protection capability calculation module;

[0047] The module for obtaining the penetration curve equation is used to insert a plurality of gas sensing units into the carbon layer at a preset interval, set model parameters and read the gas concentration detection signal of each sensing unit in real time, and obtain the penetration curve equation by real-time fitting according to the detection signal of the sensing unit at each position;

[0048] The penetration curve equation is: Where z is the depth of the carbon layer, σ(z) is the percentage of harmful gas concentration at position z C z / C 0 , C z is the concentration of harmful gas at position z, C 0 is the concentration of harmful gases in the environment; a is a constant; s is the depth of the carbon layer where the percentage of harmful gas concentration is 50%, and is the horizontal coordinate of the symmetrical center point of the real-time concentration distribution curve;

[0049] The module for calculating the penetration depth of harmful gases calculates the penetration depth of harmful gases according to the penetration curve equation; the penetration equation of the module for calculating the penetration depth of harmful gases is: Among them, L b is the penetration depth of harmful gases, and the minimum warning concentration σ(b) is not less than the signal fluctuation value of the gas sensor unit, and is not greater than the minimum harmful dose of harmful gases to the human body.

[0050] The module for calculating the remaining protection capacity of the carbon layer calculates the remaining protection capacity of the carbon layer according to the penetration depth; the calculation formula of the remaining protection capacity is as follows: Among them, the real-time effective thickness of the carbon layer is the total thickness of the carbon layer L 0 and harmful gas penetration depth L b When the concentration of harmful gas at the tail end of the carbon layer reaches the warning value, the carbon layer is considered to be ineffective. At this time, a part of the tail end of the carbon layer is not saturated with adsorption. The unsaturated part is equivalent to the unused carbon layer thickness, that is, the ineffective thickness h. 0 , the total effective thickness of the carbon layer is the total thickness of the carbon layer L 0 and the inactive thickness h 0 The difference.

[0051] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of a method for detecting the residual protective capacity of a carbon layer based on built-in multiple probes as described in the above embodiment are implemented.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] As an alternative embodiment, taking ethanol gas with a concentration of 5 ppm passing through a cylindrical carbon layer with a diameter of 25 cm, a length of 50 cm, and a weight of 2 kg as an example, the above-mentioned method for detecting the remaining protection ability of the carbon layer based on built-in multi-probes will be specifically described below.

[0054] The structure of the equipment for detecting the remaining protection ability of the carbon layer used in this embodiment is as Figure 2 shown. The pre-testing platform for the remaining protection ability of the carbon layer consists of five built-in sensing units, a communication unit, a central processing unit, a data storage unit, and a remaining protection ability display unit. The five sensing units are respectively inserted at the 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% depths of the carbon layer. These sensing units are used to convert the concentration of harmful gases at the depth of the carbon layer where they are located into electrical signals in real time and transmit them to the central processing unit; the central processing unit is used to collect the signals of the sensing units to identify the types and concentrations of harmful gases, fit the distribution curve of the harmful gas concentration in the carbon layer, and send the detection results to the communication unit and the data storage unit; the communication unit sends the detection results to the remaining protection ability display unit; the data storage unit stores key information such as the types of harmful gases and prediction results. The harmful gases enter from the air inlet, pass through the carbon layer for filtration, and then are discharged from the air outlet.

[0055] The process of pre-testing the remaining protection ability of the carbon layer is as follows:

[0056] Input the determined model parameters: curve parameter a = 0.3, warning concentration σ(b) = 0.5%, non-effective thickness h 0 = 5 cm, and the value range of parameter s is (-10, 60).

[0057] Start gas sensing units 1 to 5, and obtain the harmful gas concentration signals C 1 ~C 5 .

[0058] Based on the concentration information of sensing units 1 to 5, search through the value range of s at intervals of 0.1 to obtain 700 groups of fitting curves.

[0059] Calculate the variance between the actual concentration values and the concentration values of each group of fitting curves, determine the s value with the smallest variance as the center point of the fitting curve at this moment, and obtain the real-time penetration curve equation with the best fitting effect. Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the best fitting result of the penetration curve when the test is carried out for 1.5 h.

[0060] Calculate the penetration depth L of the harmful gas according to the real-time penetration curve equation b .

[0061] Calculate the remaining protection ability of the carbon layer according to the penetration depth.

[0062] Figure 4 The corresponding relationship between the predicted remaining protection ability of the model obtained for a set of embodiments and the actually measured remaining protection ability. When the remaining protection ability of the model is 9.7%, the actual remaining protection ability is approximately 14%, and the error is less than 5%. At the same time, it can be seen that within the full range of the remaining protection ability, the difference between the predicted remaining protection ability of the model and the actually measured remaining protection ability is very small, indicating that the detection method for the remaining protection ability of the carbon layer with built-in multiple probes can achieve the failure warning of the carbon layer and the full-range indication of the remaining protection ability.

[0063] In summary, although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, the above preferred embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the residual protective capacity of a carbon layer based on a built-in multi-probe, characterized in that: include: Step 1: insert multiple gas sensor units into the carbon layer at a preset spacing, set model parameters and read the gas concentration detection signal of each sensor unit in real time. According to the detection signal of the sensor unit at each position, the penetration curve equation is obtained by real-time fitting. The penetration curve equation is: Where z is the depth of the carbon layer, σ(z) is the percentage of harmful gas concentration at position z C z / C0,C z is the concentration of harmful gas at the z position, C0 is the concentration of harmful gas in the environment; a is a constant; s is the depth of the carbon layer where the percentage of harmful gas concentration is 50%, and is the horizontal coordinate of the symmetrical center point of the real-time concentration distribution curve; the penetration curve equation is used to describe the change of the real-time harmful gas concentration with the depth of the carbon layer; Step 2: Calculate the penetration depth of harmful gases according to the penetration curve equation. The penetration depth of harmful gases is the depth of the carbon layer corresponding to the concentration of harmful gases in the carbon layer reaching the minimum warning concentration. Step 3: Calculate the remaining protection capacity of the carbon layer according to the penetration depth. The remaining protection capacity is the ratio of the real-time effective thickness of the carbon layer to the total effective thickness of the carbon layer. The calculation formula of the remaining protection capacity is as follows: Remaining protection capability The real-time effective thickness of the carbon layer is the total thickness of the carbon layer L0 and the penetration depth of the harmful gas L b When the concentration of harmful gas at the tail end of the carbon layer reaches the warning value, the carbon layer is considered to be ineffective. At this time, a part of the tail end of the carbon layer is not saturated with adsorption. The unabsorbed saturated part is equivalent to the unused carbon layer thickness, that is, the ineffective thickness h0. The total effective thickness of the carbon layer is the difference between the total thickness of the carbon layer L0 and the ineffective thickness h0.

2. A method for detecting the residual protective capacity of a carbon layer based on a built-in multi-probe according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 1 specifically includes: Step 11, inserting n gas sensing units in the carbon layer according to a preset spacing; Step 12, reading the gas concentration signals C1~C1 of the probes at various positions in the carbon layer in real time. n ; Step 13, set the value of the fitting curve parameter a, and determine it through a limited number of experiments; Step 14, set the value range of the fitting curve center point position s, and the value range of the fitting curve center point s should not be less than the actual carbon layer thickness used; Step 15, search the value range of s at intervals with a predetermined value, and obtain multiple groups of fitting curves in combination with the real-time gas concentration signal; Step 16, substitute the carbon layer depth of the sensor unit into these fitting curves to obtain multiple groups of fitting concentration values, and calculate the variance between the actual concentration value and each group of fitting concentration values; Step 17, determine the s value with the smallest variance as the center point of the fitting curve at this moment, and obtain the penetration curve equation with the best fitting effect.

3. The method for detecting the residual protective capacity of a carbon layer based on a built-in multi-probe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of gas sensing units inserted in step 11 should be no less than 1. The types of harmful gases detected by the gas sensing unit include but are not limited to benzene, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, formaldehyde, chlorine, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and hydrogen cyanide; the gas sensing unit has the ability to detect harmful gas concentrations at the ppt level, ppb level and ppm level.

4. The method for detecting the residual protective capacity of a carbon layer based on a built-in multi-probe according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 2 specifically includes: Substituting the minimum warning concentration σ(b) into the penetration equation to obtain the penetration depth L of the harmful gas b : The minimum warning concentration σ(b) is not less than the signal fluctuation value of the gas sensing unit, and is not greater than the minimum harmful dose of the harmful gas to the human body.

5. A carbon layer residual protection capability detection system based on built-in multi-probes, characterized in that: It includes a module for obtaining the penetration curve equation, a module for calculating the penetration depth of harmful gases, and a module for calculating the remaining protective capacity of the carbon layer; The module for obtaining the penetration curve equation is used to insert a plurality of gas sensing units into the carbon layer at a preset interval, set model parameters and read the gas concentration detection signal of each sensing unit in real time, and obtain the penetration curve equation by real-time fitting according to the detection signal of the sensing unit at each position; The penetration curve equation is: Where z is the depth of the carbon layer, σ(z) is the percentage of harmful gas concentration at position z C z / C0,C z is the concentration of harmful gas at the z position, C0 is the concentration of harmful gas in the environment; a is a constant; s is the depth of the carbon layer where the percentage of harmful gas concentration is 50%, and is the horizontal coordinate of the symmetrical center point of the real-time concentration distribution curve; The harmful gas penetration depth calculation module calculates the harmful gas penetration depth according to the penetration curve equation; The module for calculating the residual protection capacity of the carbon layer calculates the residual protection capacity of the carbon layer according to the penetration depth; the calculation formula of the residual protection capacity is as follows: Residual protection capacity The real-time effective thickness of the carbon layer is the total thickness of the carbon layer L0 and the penetration depth of the harmful gas L b When the concentration of harmful gas at the tail end of the carbon layer reaches the warning value, the carbon layer is considered to be ineffective. At this time, a part of the tail end of the carbon layer is not saturated with adsorption. The unabsorbed saturated part is equivalent to the unused carbon layer thickness, that is, the ineffective thickness h0. The total effective thickness of the carbon layer is the difference between the total thickness of the carbon layer L0 and the ineffective thickness h0.

6. A carbon layer residual protection capability detection system based on built-in multi-probes according to claim 5, characterized in that: The penetration equation of the module for calculating the penetration depth of harmful gases is: Among them, L b is the penetration depth of harmful gases, and the minimum warning concentration σ(b) is not less than the signal fluctuation value of the gas sensor unit, and is not greater than the minimum harmful dose of harmful gases to the human body.

7. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of a method for detecting the residual protective capacity of a carbon layer based on built-in multiple probes as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 are implemented.

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