Quantum computer

Abstract

The invention discloses a quantum computer, and a quantum computer operating system or a cloud end is used for receiving a quantum computing task and / or a query task and outputting the quantum computing task and / or the query task to a cloud service docking system. The cloud service docking system is used for compiling the quantum computing task and outputting the compiled quantum computing task to the quantum computing measurement and control system, and the cloud service docking system is further used for feeding back corresponding information to a quantum computer operating system or a cloud end when a query task is received. And the quantum computing measurement and control system is used for generating a corresponding task thread when receiving the compiled quantum computing task, and executing control and measurement operation on the quantum chip according to the task thread so as to execute the corresponding quantum computing task. According to the quantum computer architecture comprising the cloud service docking system, the situation that multiple quantum computing tasks are executed at the same time when a large-scale quantum chip is used can be adapted, and therefore the efficiency of a quantum computer is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of quantum computing, and more particularly to a quantum computer. Background Art

[0002] A quantum computer is a physical device that performs high-speed mathematical and logical operations, stores, and processes quantum information in accordance with the laws of quantum mechanics. The characteristics of a quantum computer mainly include relatively fast operating speed, relatively strong information processing ability, relatively wide application range, etc. Compared with a general computer, the more information is processed, the more beneficial it is to perform operations on a quantum computer, and the more accurate the operations can be ensured.

[0003] Most existing quantum computers use the architecture of a quantum computer operating system or cloud, a quantum computing measurement and control system, and a quantum chip to implement the function of quantum computing. When the quantum chip is small-scale, for example, when the number of qubits of the quantum chip is 2 or 4, the architecture of the existing quantum computer can implement the function of quantum computing. With the continuous research and advancement of quantum computing-related technologies, the number of qubits on the quantum chip has also been increasing year by year. It can be predicted that larger-scale quantum chips will appear in the future. At that time, the number of qubits in the quantum chip will be more, and larger-scale quantum chips will also be installed in the quantum computer. When a quantum computer is equipped with a large-scale quantum chip, it will inevitably face the situation of multiple quantum computing tasks being executed simultaneously. If the architecture of directly communicating between the quantum computer operating system or cloud and the quantum computing measurement and control system is still used to execute quantum computing tasks, the execution efficiency of the quantum computing tasks will be seriously affected.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background art section of the present application is only intended to deepen the understanding of the general background art of the present application, and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of implication that this information constitutes the prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a quantum computer to solve the problem of low efficiency of existing quantum computers.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a quantum computer, including:

[0007] A quantum computer operating system or cloud, configured to receive a quantum computing task and / or a query task, and output the quantum computing task and / or the query task to a cloud service docking system, where the query task is used to query various information of the quantum computer;

[0008] A cloud service docking system, which is used to compile the quantum computing task when receiving the quantum computing task, and output the compiled quantum computing task to the quantum computing measurement and control system. The cloud service docking system is also used to feedback the corresponding information to the quantum computer operating system or the cloud when receiving a query task;

[0009] A quantum computing measurement and control system, which is used to generate a corresponding task thread when receiving the compiled quantum computing task, and execute control and measurement operations on the quantum chip according to the task thread to execute the corresponding quantum computing task.

[0010] Optionally, the cloud service docking system includes:

[0011] A core control module, which is communicatively connected to the quantum computer operating system or the cloud, and is used to output the quantum computing task to the task compilation module when receiving the quantum computing task,

[0012] Multiple task compilation modules, each of which compiles a corresponding quantum computing task respectively, and outputs the compiled quantum computing task to the quantum computing measurement and control system.

[0013] Optionally, the core control module is further used to receive the query task, and the cloud service docking system further includes:

[0014] A data storage module, which is used to feedback the corresponding information to the core control module when receiving the query task.

[0015] Optionally, the data storage module has a storage unit and an information acquisition unit;

[0016] Several items of information of the quantum computer are stored in the storage unit;

[0017] The information acquisition unit is used to apply to the quantum computing measurement and control system to obtain the corresponding information when the storage unit does not include the information required to be queried by the query task.

[0018] Optionally, the cloud service docking system further includes:

[0019] Multiple data processing modules, each of which is used to obtain the execution data of a corresponding quantum computing task during the execution of the quantum computing task by the quantum computing measurement and control system, and feedback it to the core control module.

[0020] Optionally, the core control module has a compilation queue, a data processing queue, and a task queue with a length that can be set;

[0021] The compilation queue is used to store the quantum computing tasks in the task compilation module and their corresponding states. Among them, each storage location in the compilation queue is set with a one-to-one corresponding first number with the task compilation module;

[0022] The data processing queue is used to store the quantum computing tasks in the data processing module and their corresponding states. Each storage location in the data processing queue is set with a one-to-one corresponding second number with the data processing module;

[0023] The task queue is used to store the quantum computing tasks received by the core control module and the corresponding states. The states include that the task is queuing, the task is being executed, the task execution fails, the task execution is completed, the task is being compiled, and the task has been compiled and completed.

[0024] Optionally, when the state of the first quantum computing task in the task queue is that the task is queuing and there is an idle location in the compilation queue, the core control module sets the first quantum computing task in the compilation queue and places the first quantum computing task into the task compilation module corresponding to the first number in the compilation queue for compilation processing. At this time, the state of the first quantum computing task is updated to the task is being compiled.

[0025] Optionally, when the state of the first quantum computing task is that the task has been compiled and completed, the core control module receives the information that the first quantum computing task starts to be executed from the quantum computing measurement and control system, and there is an idle location in the data processing queue, the core control module sets the first quantum computing task in the data processing queue and makes the data processing module corresponding to the second number of the first quantum computing task in the data processing queue start to work. At this time, the state of the first quantum computing task is updated to the task is being executed.

[0026] Optionally, when the first quantum computing task has been executed, the data processing module feeds back the execution result of the first quantum computing task to the core control module, and the core control module feeds back the execution result of the first quantum computing task to the quantum computer operating system or the cloud. At this time, the state of the first quantum computing task is updated to the task execution is completed or the task execution fails.

[0027] Optionally, the quantum computing measurement and control system includes:

[0028] A resource scheduler, which is used to generate a corresponding task thread when receiving the compiled quantum computing task and output the task thread to the server,

[0029] A server, which is used to output the received task thread to the quantum control device;

[0030] A quantum control device for performing control and measurement operations on a quantum chip according to the task thread to execute corresponding quantum computing tasks.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The quantum computer proposed by the present invention includes a quantum computer operating system or cloud, a cloud service docking system, and a quantum computing measurement and control system. The quantum computer operating system or cloud is used to receive quantum computing tasks and / or query tasks, and output the quantum computing tasks and / or query tasks to the cloud service docking system. The cloud service docking system is used to compile the quantum computing task when receiving the quantum computing task, and output the compiled quantum computing task to the quantum computing measurement and control system. The cloud service docking system is also used to feedback the corresponding information to the quantum computer operating system or the cloud when receiving a query task. The quantum computing measurement and control system is used to generate a corresponding task thread when receiving the compiled quantum computing task, and perform control and measurement operations on the quantum chip according to the task thread to execute the corresponding quantum computing task. By the quantum computer architecture including the cloud service docking system proposed in this application, it can adapt to the situation where multiple quantum computing tasks are executed simultaneously when there are large-scale quantum chips, thus effectively improving the efficiency of the quantum computer. Description of the Drawings

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the quantum computer proposed in the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0034] The following will describe the detailed embodiments of the present invention in more detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. According to the following description and the claims, the advantages and features of the present invention will be clearer. It should be noted that the drawings are all in very simplified forms and use non-precise scales, only for the purpose of facilitating and clearly assisting in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

[0036] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a quantum computer, comprising:

[0038] A quantum computer operating system or a cloud for receiving a quantum computing task and / or a query task, and outputting the quantum computing task and / or the query task to a cloud service docking system, where the query task is for querying various information of the quantum computer;

[0039] A cloud service docking system for, when receiving the quantum computing task, performing compilation processing on the quantum computing task and outputting the compiled quantum computing task to a quantum computing measurement and control system, and the cloud service docking system is further configured to, when receiving a query task, feedback corresponding information to the quantum computer operating system or the cloud;

[0040] A quantum computing measurement and control system for, when receiving the compiled quantum computing task, generating a corresponding task thread, and performing control and measurement operations on a quantum chip according to the task thread to execute a corresponding quantum computing task.

[0041] Different from the prior art, the quantum computer proposed in the embodiment of the present application includes a quantum computer operating system or a cloud, a cloud service docking system, and a quantum computing measurement and control system. The quantum computer operating system or the cloud is configured to receive a quantum computing task and / or a query task, and output the quantum computing task and / or the query task to the cloud service docking system. The cloud service docking system is configured to, when receiving the quantum computing task, perform compilation processing on the quantum computing task and output the compiled quantum computing task to the quantum computing measurement and control system, and the cloud service docking system is further configured to, when receiving a query task, feedback corresponding information to the quantum computer operating system or the cloud. The quantum computing measurement and control system is configured to, when receiving the compiled quantum computing task, generate a corresponding task thread, and perform control and measurement operations on a quantum chip according to the task thread to execute a corresponding quantum computing task. By the quantum computer architecture including a cloud service docking system proposed in the present application, it can adapt to the situation where multiple quantum computing tasks are executed simultaneously when there are a large number of quantum chips, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of the quantum computer.

[0042] Those skilled in the art can understand that the importance of the operating system to a computer is self-evident. This is true for classical computers and even more so for quantum computer technology, which is still in its infancy. The quantum computer operating system determines the functions, computing efficiency, and stability of the quantum computer, and thus determines the practicality of the quantum computer. The quantum computer operating system is a tool for connecting the terminal and the quantum chip, which is the core component of the quantum computer. When using a quantum computer, users can input the quantum computing tasks or query tasks they want to execute through the quantum computer operating system or the cloud (which can be a cloud platform).

[0043] In this embodiment, the query tasks include, but are not limited to, the relevant data of the quantum computing tasks and the data of the quantum chip. For example, a user wants to query a certain experimental parameter during the execution of the current quantum computing task or the working point of a certain qubit in the current quantum chip through the quantum computer operating system or the cloud. Details are not described one by one here. It can be understood that a corresponding query interface should be provided in the quantum computer operating system or the cloud for users to operate and a corresponding display interface to display the query results.

[0044] In this embodiment, when the cloud service docking system receives a query task or a quantum computing task, it can adopt a synchronous scheme for processing. The synchronous scheme mentioned here means that when the quantum computer faces two tasks, it can execute them in a set order. Suppose the quantum computer is executing a certain quantum computing task, and this task requires 10 experiments related to qubit control. During the execution of this quantum computing task, the user sends a second quantum computing task. At this time, since the cloud service docking system has not received the information that the current quantum computing task has been completed feedback from the quantum computing measurement and control system, the second quantum computing task sent by the user needs to queue up in the cloud service docking system until the cloud service docking system receives the feedback instruction from the quantum computing measurement and control system that the current quantum computing task has been completed. Only then will the cloud service docking system compile the second quantum computing task and then output it to the quantum computing measurement and control system. In addition to using the synchronous scheme for processing, in order to further improve the execution efficiency of the quantum computer, the cloud service docking system can also use an asynchronous scheme for processing. The asynchronous scheme mentioned here means that when the quantum computer faces multiple tasks, the execution subject of each task is relatively independent and does not need to wait for the previous task to be completed before executing the next task.

[0045] Furthermore, in order to implement the asynchronous scheme, this embodiment provides a way to independently set each functional module in the cloud service docking system. The several functional modules do not interfere with each other and can effectively achieve the simultaneous execution of tasks. Specifically, in this embodiment, the cloud service docking system includes:

[0046] The core control module is communicatively connected to the quantum computer operating system or the cloud, and is configured to output the quantum computing task to the task compilation module when receiving the quantum computing task.

[0047] A plurality of task compilation modules, each of which respectively compiles and processes a corresponding quantum computing task and outputs the compiled quantum computing task to the quantum computing measurement and control system.

[0048] In this embodiment, the core control module of the cloud service docking system serves as the command center. All functional modules of the cloud service docking system are communicatively connected to the core control module. The core control module plays a role in overall coordination, and can control all functional modules to execute different tasks, continuously collect the feedback of each functional module, and then continue to arrange the next operation according to the feedback situation. In the drawings of this embodiment, only one task compilation module is shown. It can be understood that the connection method of other task compilation modules to the core control module is the same. By setting a plurality of mutually independent task compilation modules, an asynchronous solution can be achieved. For example, when the cloud service docking system is currently compiling and processing the first quantum computing task, at this time, the quantum computer operating system or the cloud receives the second quantum computing task and outputs it to the cloud service docking system. Since there are still idle task compilation modules, at this time, the core control module directly allocates the second quantum computing task to the idle task compilation module for compilation and processing without waiting for the first quantum computing task to be completed. It should be noted that each task compilation module can only compile one quantum computing task at the same time. In this embodiment, the number of task compilation modules can be determined according to the function of the quantum computing measurement and control system. For example, if the quantum computing measurement and control system supports 5 task threads to execute simultaneously, then the task compilation module can also be set to 5. Of course, in order to improve the task execution efficiency, the task compilation module can be set to more than 5, such as 10, which is not limited here and can be selected according to actual needs.

[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment, in order to meet the user's query task, a functional module dedicated to storing and querying relevant information can also be set in the cloud service docking system. The core control module is also configured to receive the query task. The cloud service docking system further includes:

[0050] The data storage module is configured to feedback the corresponding information to the core control module when receiving the query task.

[0051] In the local embodiment, the data storage module also belongs to a functional module, which can be responsible for querying data of the quantum chip, including but not limited to: obtaining configuration parameters of the quantum chip, obtaining experimental results of the RB experiment, etc. Moreover, the data storage module has no conflict with the quantum computing task and can run independently without system blocking. That is, by setting up the data storage module, the quantum computer can execute quantum computing tasks and query tasks simultaneously.

[0052] Specifically, in this embodiment, the data storage module has a storage unit and an information acquisition unit;

[0053] A number of pieces of information of the quantum computer are stored in the storage unit;

[0054] The information acquisition unit is used to apply to the quantum computing measurement and control system for obtaining corresponding information when the storage unit does not include the information to be queried by the query task.

[0055] Those skilled in the art can understand that the information stored in the storage unit includes but is not limited to various configuration parameters of the quantum chip and various experimental information that has been transmitted back by the quantum computing measurement and control system. The information acquisition unit is mainly used to obtain information that does not exist in the storage unit. For example, experimental results that have not been transmitted back by the quantum computing measurement and control system, etc., are not elaborated here one by one.

[0056] Specifically, in this embodiment, the cloud service docking system further includes:

[0057] A plurality of data processing modules, each of which is used to obtain execution data of a corresponding quantum computing task during the execution of the quantum computing task by the quantum computing measurement and control system and feed it back to the core control module.

[0058] It should be noted that each data processing module can only obtain execution data of a corresponding quantum computing task at the same time. Those skilled in the art can understand that in this embodiment, the number of data processing modules can be determined according to the function of the quantum computing measurement and control system. For example, if the quantum computing measurement and control system supports 5 task threads to execute simultaneously, in order to better cooperate with the quantum computing measurement and control system, then the task compilation module can also be set to 5. When the core control module receives a feedback instruction that a certain quantum computing task starts to execute, it will output an instruction to the corresponding data processing module, so that the corresponding data processing module starts to collect the execution data of the corresponding quantum computing task and feeds back the result to the core control module after the corresponding quantum computing task is completed.

[0059] In addition, please continue to refer to Figure 1, in this embodiment, the communication mode between the core control module, the task compilation module, the data storage module, and the data processing module adopts the ROUTER and DEALER modes in ZeroMQ communication. This communication mode has the characteristics of high throughput, self-developable persistence, and support for small-volume data persistence. It is a high-performance asynchronous messaging library.

[0060] Specifically, in this embodiment, the core control module has a compilation queue, a data processing queue, and a task queue with a configurable length.

[0061] The compilation queue is used to store the quantum computing tasks in the task compilation module and their corresponding states. Among them, each storage location in the compilation queue is set with a one-to-one corresponding first number with the task compilation module.

[0062] The data processing queue is used to store the quantum computing tasks in the data processing module and their corresponding states. Each storage location in the data processing queue is set with a one-to-one corresponding second number with the data processing module.

[0063] The task queue is used to store the quantum computing tasks received by the core control module and their corresponding states. The states include that the task is queuing, the task is being executed, the task execution fails, the task execution is completed, the task is being compiled, and the task has been compiled and completed.

[0064] In this embodiment, the length of the task queue can be set, which can avoid being maliciously attacked. For example, if a quantum computer is infected with a virus and tasks are submitted infinitely through the quantum computer operating system or the cloud, we can effectively improve the security of the quantum computer by setting the length of the task queue. Those skilled in the art can understand that the length of the task queue mentioned in this embodiment refers to the number of quantum computing tasks that can be accommodated in the task queue. For example, we can set the length of the task queue to 50, then the maximum number of quantum computing tasks that can be accommodated in the task queue is 50.

[0065] Specifically, in this embodiment, when the state of the first quantum computing task in the task queue is that the task is queuing and there is an idle position in the compilation queue, the core control module sets the first quantum computing task in the compilation queue and places the first quantum computing task into the task compilation module corresponding to the first number in the compilation queue for compilation processing. At this time, the state of the first quantum computing task is updated to the task is being compiled.

[0066] Specifically, in this embodiment, when the state of the first quantum computing task is that the task has been compiled and completed, the core control module receives the information that the first quantum computing task starts to execute fed back from the quantum computing measurement and control system, and there is an idle position in the data processing queue, the core control module sets the first quantum computing task in the data processing queue and makes the data processing module corresponding to the second number corresponding to the first quantum computing task in the data processing queue start to work. At this time, the state of the first quantum computing task is updated to the task is being executed.

[0067] Specifically, in this embodiment, when the execution of the first quantum computing task has ended, the data processing module feeds back the execution result of the first quantum computing task to the core control module, and the core control module feeds back the execution result of the first quantum computing task to the quantum computer operating system or the cloud. At this time, the state of the first quantum computing task is updated to the task execution is completed or the task execution fails.

[0068] Specifically, please continue to refer to Figure 1 , in this embodiment, the quantum computing measurement and control system includes:

[0069] A resource scheduler, configured to generate a corresponding task thread when receiving a compiled quantum computing task and output the task thread to a server.

[0070] A server, configured to output the received task thread to a quantum control device;

[0071] A quantum control device, configured to perform control and measurement operations on a quantum chip according to the task thread to execute a corresponding quantum computing task.

[0072] In the description of this specification, the description referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example" or "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0073] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not impose any limitation on the present invention. Any person skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, makes any form of equivalent replacement or modification and other changes to the technical solution and technical content disclosed by the present invention, which are all within the content of the technical solution of the present invention and still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quantum computer, characterized in that, it includes: A quantum computer operating system or the cloud, which is used to receive quantum computing tasks and / or query tasks, and output the quantum computing tasks and / or query tasks to the cloud service docking system, where the query task is used to query various information of the quantum computer; The cloud service docking system is used to compile the quantum computing task when receiving the quantum computing task, and output the compiled quantum computing task to the quantum computing measurement and control system. The cloud service docking system is also used to feedback the corresponding information to the quantum computer operating system or the cloud when receiving a query task; The quantum computing measurement and control system is used to generate a corresponding task thread when receiving the compiled quantum computing task, and perform control and measurement operations on the quantum chip according to the task thread to execute the corresponding quantum computing task.

2. The quantum computer according to claim 1, characterized in that, the cloud service docking system includes: A core control module, which is communicatively connected to the quantum computer operating system or the cloud, and is used to output the quantum computing task to the task compilation module when receiving the quantum computing task, Multiple task compilation modules, each of which compiles and processes a corresponding quantum computing task, and outputs the compiled quantum computing task to the quantum computing measurement and control system.

3. The quantum computer according to claim 2, characterized in that, the core control module is also used to receive the query task, and the cloud service docking system further includes: A data storage module, which is used to feedback the corresponding information to the core control module when receiving the query task.

4. The quantum computer according to claim 3, characterized in that, the data storage module has a storage unit and an information acquisition unit; A number of information of the quantum computer is stored in the storage unit; The information acquisition unit is used to apply to the quantum computing measurement and control system to obtain the corresponding information when the storage unit does not include the information required to be queried by the query task.

5. The quantum computer according to claim 2, characterized in that, the cloud service docking system further includes: Multiple data processing modules, each of which is used to obtain the execution data of a corresponding quantum computing task during the process of the quantum computing measurement and control system executing the quantum computing task, and feedback it to the core control module.

6. The quantum computer according to claim 5, characterized in that, the core control module has a compilation queue, a data processing queue, and a task queue with a length that can be set; The compilation queue is used to store the quantum computing tasks in the task compilation module and their corresponding states. Among them, each storage position in the compilation queue is set with a one-to-one corresponding first number with the task compilation module; The data processing queue is used to store the quantum computing tasks in the data processing module and their corresponding states. Each storage position in the data processing queue is set with a one-to-one corresponding second number with the data processing module; The task queue is used to store the quantum computing tasks received by the core control module and their corresponding states, where the states include that the task is queuing, the task is being executed, the task execution fails, the task execution is completed, the task is being compiled, and the task has been compiled.

7. The quantum computer according to claim 6, wherein, when the state of the first quantum computing task in the task queue is that the task is queuing and there is an idle position in the compilation queue, the core control module sets the first quantum computing task in the compilation queue and places the first quantum computing task into the task compilation module corresponding to the first number in the compilation queue for compilation processing. At this time, the state of the first quantum computing task is updated to that the task is being compiled.

8. The quantum computer according to claim 7, wherein, when the state of the first quantum computing task is that the task has been compiled, the core control module receives the information that the first quantum computing task starts to be executed fed back by the quantum computing measurement and control system, and there is an idle position in the data processing queue, the core control module sets the first quantum computing task in the data processing queue and enables the data processing module corresponding to the second number corresponding to the first quantum computing task in the data processing queue to start working. At this time, the state of the first quantum computing task is updated to that the task is being executed.

9. The quantum computer according to claim 8, wherein, when the execution of the first quantum computing task has ended, the data processing module feeds back the execution result of the first quantum computing task to the core control module, and the core control module feeds back the execution result of the first quantum computing task to the quantum computer operating system or the cloud. At this time, the state of the first quantum computing task is updated to that the task execution is completed or the task execution fails.

10. The quantum computer according to claim 1, wherein, the quantum computing measurement and control system includes: a resource scheduler, configured to generate a corresponding task thread when receiving the compiled quantum computing task and output the task thread to the server, the server, configured to output the received task thread to the quantum control device; the quantum control device, configured to perform control and measurement operations on the quantum chip according to the task thread to execute the corresponding quantum computing task.

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