Artery puncture operation teaching and training device convenient to use and maintain

Abstract

The invention discloses an arterial puncture operation teaching and training device convenient to use and maintain, and relates to the technical field of surgical operation training equipment.The arterial puncture operation teaching and training device comprises a base, an L-shaped overturning top cover, a sliding placement plate, an overturning mechanism, a sliding mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a replacement assembly; before use, the L-shaped overturning top covers on the two sides are driven by the overturning mechanism to be opened, meanwhile, the lifting mechanism drives the simulation arm to rise synchronously, the U-shaped simulation arterial blood vessel is driven by the lifting mechanism to move, the U-shaped simulation arterial blood vessel is driven by the lifting mechanism to move, and the U-shaped simulation arterial blood vessel is driven by the replacement assembly to move. According to the u-shaped simulated arterial blood vessel, a trainee can conveniently carry out puncture training on the simulated arm, meanwhile, along with lifting of the simulated arm, the circulating pump located on the lower portion can be synchronously ejected outwards under driving of the sliding mechanism, and the u-shaped simulated arterial blood vessel can be better replaced under cooperation of the replacement assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of surgical operation training equipment, and particularly relates to an artery puncture operation teaching and training device that is convenient for use and maintenance. Background Art

[0002] Artery puncture is a commonly used nursing operation technique in clinical practice. Before doctors perform actual operations, they need to train and practice artery puncture to ensure accuracy during the actual operation process.

[0003] In the prior art, the artery puncture training for intern doctors usually uses a simulated arm for puncture training. The simulated arm is made of a material that simulates human skin. Doctors can get closer to the actual environment during simulation training. However, there is no simulated artery in the traditional simulated arm. When in use, it can only simulate the general artery position for puncture. Therefore, currently, on the basis of the prior art, a simulated artery is added inside the simulated arm, and the simulated artery is connected to an external circulation pump. By starting the circulation pump, external liquid is driven into the simulated artery to simulate the scene of blood flow in the artery. It has higher simulation in actual use and achieves a better training effect. However, the simulated arteries in the prior art are often embedded in the simulated arm. After multiple punctures on the simulated artery, a large number of needle holes will appear on the simulated artery, which is not conducive to replacing the simulated artery in the long run. At the same time, since this device needs to be connected to an external circulation pump, there will be more devices placed in the training area, which is not conducive to the accurate operation of intern doctors. Moreover, exposing the simulated arm outside for a long time will also cause the external material of the simulated arm to oxidize and become brittle, which is not conducive to later maintenance.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, an artery puncture teaching device that can conveniently replace the simulated artery and is convenient for sorting and storing is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims at the above problems and provides an artery puncture operation teaching and training device that is convenient for use and maintenance, which solves the problems that the simulated arteries in the prior art are often embedded in the simulated arm. After multiple punctures on the simulated artery, a large number of needle holes will appear on the simulated artery, which is not conducive to replacing the simulated artery in the long run. At the same time, since this device needs to be connected to an external circulation pump, there will be more devices placed in the training area, which is not conducive to the accurate operation of intern doctors. Moreover, exposing the simulated arm outside for a long time will also cause the external material of the simulated arm to oxidize and become brittle, which is not conducive to later maintenance.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: It includes a simulation arm, a circulation pump, a U-shaped simulated artery blood vessel, and is characterized in that it further includes an N-shaped base, a first vertical mounting plate, a second vertical mounting plate, an L-shaped flipping top cover, a handle, a connecting pipe, a sliding placement plate, a flipping mechanism, a sliding mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a transmission mechanism, and a replacement component; At the upper ends of the two vertical plates of the N-shaped base, a first vertical mounting plate is respectively fixed, and between the two first vertical mounting plates and the rear end of the N-shaped base, the same second vertical mounting plate is fixed; The simulation arm is movably arranged above the cross plate of the N-shaped base, the simulation arm is driven to move by a lifting mechanism, and the simulation arm is movably arranged on the front side of the second vertical mounting plate; Below the cross plate of the N-shaped base, a sliding placement plate is movably arranged, the sliding placement plate is movably arranged between the two vertical plates of the N-shaped base, and the sliding placement plate is movably arranged on the front side of the second vertical mounting plate; The circulation pump is detachably arranged at the upper end of the sliding placement plate, and the sliding placement plate is driven to slide by a sliding mechanism; The U-shaped simulated artery blood vessel is detachably and movably arranged inside the simulation arm; At both ends of the circulation pump, connecting pipes are respectively communicated, and the front ends of the two vertical pipes of the U-shaped simulated artery blood vessel are respectively detachably communicated with the adjacent connecting pipes through hoses; A replacement component is arranged inside the simulation arm, and the U-shaped simulated artery blood vessel is driven to move by the replacement component; The sliding mechanism is driven to work by the lifting mechanism; At the rear end of the second vertical mounting plate, a transmission mechanism is arranged, and the lifting mechanism is driven to work by the transmission mechanism; At the upper ends of the two first vertical mounting plates, L-shaped flipping top covers are respectively rotatably arranged, and the two L-shaped flipping top covers are respectively movably arranged above the simulation arm; The two L-shaped flipping top covers are both driven to rotate by a flipping mechanism, and the transmission mechanism is driven to work by the flipping mechanism; On the outer walls of the vertical plates of the two L-shaped flipping top covers, handles are respectively fixed.

[0007] Further, the flipping mechanism includes a connecting plate, an L-shaped connecting rod, a first connecting rod, a first T-shaped slider, and a first return spring; On the rear walls of the cross plates and vertical plates of the two L-shaped flipping top covers, connecting plates are respectively fixed, and at the lower ends of the rear walls of the two connecting plates, the vertical rods of the L-shaped connecting rods are respectively fixed; The vertical rods of the two L-shaped connecting rods are respectively rotatably arranged at the rear end of the second vertical mounting plate through first rotating shafts; A first rectangular chute is provided in the middle of the rear wall of the second vertical mounting plate. A vertical rod of a first T-shaped slider is slidably arranged in the first rectangular chute, and a horizontal rod of the first T-shaped slider is slidably arranged on the rear wall of the second vertical mounting plate; First connecting shafts are respectively fixed on the outer walls of both ends of the horizontal rod of the first T-shaped slider, and the first ends of first connecting rods are respectively rotatably sleeved on the outer walls of the two first connecting shafts; Second connecting shafts are respectively fixed on the outer walls of the ends of the horizontal rods of the two L-shaped connecting rods, and the second ends of the two first connecting rods are respectively rotatably sleeved on the outer walls of the second connecting shafts close to them; A first return spring is connected between the upper end of the vertical rod of the first T-shaped slider and the top wall of the first rectangular chute; The first T-shaped slider drives the transmission mechanism to work through sliding.

[0008] Further, the transmission mechanism includes a horizontal lever, a second T-shaped slider, a second connecting rod, a third connecting rod, a movable block, and a second rectangular slider; A horizontal lever is fixed at the lower end of the rear wall of the second vertical mounting plate. A T-shaped chute is provided at the upper end of the horizontal lever, and the cross plates of two second T-shaped sliders are respectively slidably arranged in the T-shaped chute; First connecting frames are respectively fixed at the upper ends of the vertical plates of the two second T-shaped sliders, and the first ends of second connecting rods are respectively rotatably arranged on the rear walls of the two first connecting frames; Second return springs are respectively provided at both ends of the T-shaped chute, and the other ends of the two second return springs are respectively connected to the outer walls of the second T-shaped sliders close to them; The second ends of the two second connecting rods are respectively rotatably sleeved on the outer walls of the first connecting shafts close to them; The two second connecting rods are respectively arranged outside the first connecting rods close to them; The first ends of third connecting rods are respectively rotatably arranged in the two first connecting frames; First rectangular through slots are respectively provided at the rear parts of the outer walls of the two vertical plates of the n-shaped bottom plate. Second rectangular sliders are respectively slidably arranged in the two first rectangular through slots, and third connecting shafts are respectively fixed on the outer walls of the two second rectangular sliders; Movable blocks are respectively fixed on the outer walls of the two third connecting shafts, and fourth connecting shafts are respectively fixed on the rear walls of the two movable blocks; The second ends of the two third connecting rods are respectively rotatably sleeved on the fourth connecting shafts close to them; The two second rectangular sliders drive the lifting mechanism and the sliding mechanism to work through sliding respectively.

[0009] Further, the lifting mechanism includes a fourth connecting rod, a third rectangular slider, a fourth rectangular slider, a fifth connecting rod, a U-shaped carriage, a first main shaft, and a second main shaft; The outer walls of the two third connecting shafts are respectively rotatably sleeved with the first ends of the fourth connecting rods, and the two fourth connecting rods are respectively arranged inside the movable blocks close to them; The outer walls of the two first vertical mounting plates are respectively provided with second rectangular through grooves, and third rectangular sliders are respectively slidably arranged in the two second rectangular through grooves; The outer walls of the two third rectangular sliders are respectively fixedly provided with fifth connecting shafts, and the second ends of the two fourth connecting rods are respectively rotatably sleeved on the outer walls of the fifth connecting shafts close to them; The inner walls of the two third rectangular sliders are fixedly connected by a first main shaft, and the first main shaft is movably arranged above the cross plate of the n-shaped bottom plate; The middle of the upper end of the cross plate of the n-shaped bottom plate is provided with a third rectangular through groove, and the cross frame of the U-shaped carriage is slidably arranged in the third rectangular through groove, and the two vertical frames of the U-shaped carriage slidably penetrate through the third rectangular through groove; The two vertical frames of the two U-shaped carriages are movably arranged above the cross plate of the n-shaped bottom plate; Therefore, the first main shaft is rotatably penetrated between the vertical frame of the U-shaped carriage close to the second vertical mounting plate; The second main shaft is rotatably penetrated inside the vertical frame of the U-shaped carriage far from the second vertical mounting plate; The upper ends of the two sides of the cross plate of the n-shaped bottom plate are respectively provided with fourth rectangular through grooves, and the third rectangular through groove is respectively arranged between the two fourth rectangular through grooves; Fourth rectangular sliders are respectively slidably arranged in the two third rectangular through grooves, and the upper ends of the two fourth rectangular sliders respectively slidably penetrate through the fourth rectangular through grooves close to them and are fixedly connected to the two ends of the second main shaft; The first ends of the fifth connecting rods are respectively rotatably sleeved on the second main shaft, and the two fifth connecting rods are respectively arranged between the fourth rectangular sliders and the U-shaped carriages close to them; Sixth connecting shafts are respectively fixedly arranged on the left and right side walls of the simulation arm, and the second ends of the two fifth connecting rods are respectively rotatably sleeved on the outer walls of the sixth connecting shafts close to them.

[0010] Further, the sliding mechanism includes a fifth rectangular slider and a sixth connecting rod; Seventh connecting shafts are respectively fixedly arranged on the inner walls of the two second rectangular sliders, and the first ends of the sixth connecting rods are respectively rotatably sleeved on the outer walls of the two seventh connecting shafts; On the left and right side walls of the sliding placement plate, eighth connecting shafts are respectively and fixedly provided. On the outer walls of the two eighth connecting shafts, fifth rectangular sliders are respectively and rotatably sleeved. At the lower ends of the two vertical plates of the n-shaped base, fifth rectangular through grooves are respectively provided. The two fifth rectangular sliders are respectively slidably arranged in the fifth rectangular through grooves close to them. The second ends of the two sixth connecting rods are respectively and rotatably sleeved on the outer walls of the eighth connecting shafts close to them. The sixth connecting rods on the same side are movably arranged between the sliding placement plate and the vertical plate of the n-shaped base close to it.

[0011] Further, the replacement mechanism includes a movable barrel, an inner barrel, a connecting rod, a connecting column, a third return spring, a first magnet, and a second magnet; An inner barrel is provided inside the simulation arm, and a movable barrel is detachably provided inside the front wall of the inner barrel; A retaining disc is fixedly provided on the front wall of the movable barrel, and the retaining disc is detachably arranged between the front wall of the simulation arm through a fixing member; The two vertical pipes of the U-shaped simulation artery blood vessel are respectively slidably penetrated through the movable barrel; The same connecting rod is fixedly provided between the two vertical pipes of the U-shaped simulation artery blood vessel, and the connecting rod is movably arranged at the rear side of the movable barrel; A connecting column is fixedly provided in the middle of the front wall of the connecting rod, and the connecting column is connected to the rear wall of the movable barrel through a third return spring; A first magnet is fixedly provided on the rear wall of the horizontal pipe of the U-shaped simulation artery blood vessel, and a second magnet with the opposite magnetic property to the first magnet is fixedly provided on the front side of the rear wall of the inner barrel; The first magnet and the second magnet are detachably in contact with each other.

[0012] Furthermore, storage baskets for storing practical operation tools are respectively fixedly provided on the inner walls of the vertical rods of the two L-shaped flip top covers.

[0013] Advantages of the present invention: Before the present invention is used, while the flip mechanism drives the L-shaped flip top covers on both sides to open, the lifting mechanism drives the simulation arm to rise synchronously, which is convenient for interns to perform puncture training on the simulation arm. At the same time, while the simulation arm is lifted, the circulating pump located below will be synchronously ejected outward under the drive of the sliding mechanism, which is convenient for interns to adjust the circulating speed of the circulating pump. The U-shaped simulation artery blood vessel of the present invention can be better replaced with the cooperation of the replacement components, and has stronger maintainability compared with the traditional embedded artery.

[0014] In addition to the purposes, features, and advantages described above, the present invention has other purposes, features, and advantages. Below, with reference to the drawings, the present invention will be further described in detail. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0015] The drawings forming a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the transmission mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the state when the simulation arm of the present invention extends; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the lifting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the sliding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the storage basket of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the replacement component of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the simulation hand of the present invention; Figure 9 It is a side sectional view of the replacement component of the present invention; Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the flipping mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of two working states of the present invention; Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the flipping mechanism of the present invention.

[0017] Reference Signs: 1 is an n-type base, 2 is a first vertical mounting plate, 3 is an L-shaped flipping top cover, 4 is a storage basket, 5 is a sliding placement plate, 6 is a circulation pump, 7 is a simulation arm, 8 is a movable barrel, 9 is a U-shaped simulation artery blood vessel, 10 is a fourth connecting rod, 11 is a horizontal lever, 12 is a third connecting rod, 13 is a movable block, 14 is a second vertical mounting plate, 15 is a second connecting rod, 16 is a first connecting rod, 17 is a second T-shaped slider, 18 is a fifth rectangular slider, 19 is a U-shaped sliding frame, 20 is a fourth rectangular slider, 21 is a fifth connecting rod, 22 is a third rectangular slider, 23 is a sixth connecting rod, 24 is a second rectangular slider, 25 is an inner barrel, 26 is a first magnet, 27 is a connecting rod, 28 is a third return spring, 29 is a first T-shaped slider; 101 is a third rectangular through groove, 102 is a fifth rectangular through groove, 103 is a fourth rectangular through groove, 104 is a first rectangular through groove; 201 is a second rectangular through groove; 301 is the handle, and 302 is the L-shaped connecting rod; 601 is the connecting pipe; 1101 is the T-shaped sliding groove; 1401 is the first rectangular sliding groove; 2501 is the second magnet; 2701 is the connecting column. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the invention more clear and understandable, the following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0020] Refer to Figures 1 to 12 , an artery puncture operation teaching and training device that is convenient for use and maintenance, includes a simulation arm 7, a circulation pump 6, a U-shaped simulation artery blood vessel 9, and also includes an N-shaped base 1, a first vertical mounting plate 2, a second vertical mounting plate 14, an L-shaped flip top cover 3, a handle 301, a connecting pipe 601, a sliding placement plate 5, a flipping mechanism, a sliding mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a transmission mechanism, and a replacement component; The upper ends of the two vertical plates of the N-shaped base 1 are respectively fixedly installed with a first vertical mounting plate 2, and the same second vertical mounting plate 14 is fixedly installed between the two first vertical mounting plates 2 and the rear end of the N-shaped base 1. The N-shaped base 1 is the supporting component of the device, and the two first vertical mounting plates 2 on both sides are used to install the simulation arm 7; The simulation arm 7 is movably installed above the horizontal plate of the N-shaped base 1. The simulation arm 7 is driven to move by a lifting mechanism. The simulation arm 7 is movably installed on the front side of the second vertical mounting plate 14. The simulation arm is made of a material simulating a human arm and forms a simulation arm kit for training puncture in the prior art together with the subsequent U-shaped simulation artery blood vessel 9. Preferably, different from this, the simulation arm 7 of the present invention can be lifted from the top of the device by the lifting mechanism and can be retracted into the device during storage. The U-shaped simulation artery blood vessel 9 can be quickly replaced through the replacement component, and has strong maintainability; A sliding placement plate 5 is movably installed below the horizontal plate of the n-type base 1. The sliding placement plate 5 is movably installed between the two vertical plates of the n-type base 1, and the sliding placement plate 5 is movably installed on the front side of the second vertical mounting plate 14; The circulation pump 6 is detachably installed at the upper end of the sliding placement plate 5. The sliding placement plate 5 is driven to slide by a sliding mechanism. The circulation pump 6 provides circulating liquid for the u-shaped simulated artery 9 to simulate the circulating blood in the artery. Since it needs to be connected to the simulated blood vessel through a hose, and in order to facilitate the adjustment of the circulation pump 6 to simulate the blood flow rate, it is placed on the sliding placement plate 5. Driven by the sliding mechanism, the circulation pump 6 can be driven to slide forward, facilitating the user to operate it; The u-shaped simulated artery blood vessel 9 is detachably and movably installed in the simulated arm 7. By replacing the components, the u-shaped simulated artery blood vessel 9 can be easily removed from the simulated arm 7; Two ends of the circulation pump 6 are respectively connected and installed with connecting pipes 601. The front ends of the two vertical pipes of the u-shaped simulated artery blood vessel 9 are respectively detachably connected and arranged with the connecting pipes 601 close to them through hoses; A replacement component is installed in the simulated arm 7, and the u-shaped simulated artery blood vessel 9 is driven to move by the replacement component; The sliding mechanism is driven to work by the lifting mechanism; A transmission mechanism is installed at the rear end of the second vertical mounting plate 14, and the lifting mechanism is driven to work by the transmission mechanism; L-shaped flip top covers 3 are respectively rotatably installed at the upper ends of the two first vertical mounting plates 2. The two L-shaped flip top covers 3 are respectively movably installed above the simulated arm 7; Both of the two L-shaped flip top covers 3 are driven to rotate by a flipping mechanism, and the transmission mechanism is driven to work by the flipping mechanism; Handles 301 are respectively fixedly installed on the outer walls of the vertical plates of the two L-shaped flip top covers 3.

[0021] The flipping mechanism includes a connecting plate, an L-shaped connecting rod 302, a first connecting rod 16, a first T-shaped slider 29, and a first return spring; Connecting plates are respectively fixedly installed on the rear walls of the horizontal plates and vertical plates of the two L-shaped flip top covers 3, and the lower ends of the rear walls of the two connecting plates are respectively fixedly installed with the vertical rods of the L-shaped connecting rods 302; The vertical rods of the two L-shaped connecting rods 302 are respectively rotatably installed at the rear end of the second vertical mounting plate 14 through first rotating shafts; A first rectangular sliding groove 1401 is provided in the middle of the rear wall of the second vertical mounting plate 14. The vertical rod of the first T-shaped slider 29 is slidably installed in the first rectangular sliding groove 1401, and the horizontal rod of the first T-shaped slider 29 is slidably installed on the rear wall of the second vertical mounting plate 14; On the outer walls at both ends of the crossbar of the first T-shaped slider 29, first connecting shafts are respectively and fixedly installed, and the first ends of the first connecting rods 16 are respectively and rotatably sleeved on the outer walls of the two first connecting shafts; On the outer walls at the ends of the crossbars of the two L-shaped connecting rods 302, second connecting shafts are respectively and fixedly installed, and the second ends of the two first connecting rods 16 are respectively and rotatably sleeved on the outer walls of the second connecting shafts close to them; Between the upper end of the vertical rod of the first T-shaped slider 29 and the top wall of the first rectangular chute 1401, a first return spring is connected; The first T-shaped slider 29 works through a sliding drive transmission mechanism. Refer to Figure 10 , when the user operates the handles 301 on both sides to turn the L-shaped flip top covers 3 on both sides outwards, during the process of turning the L-shaped flip top covers 3 on both sides outwards, they respectively drive the L-shaped connecting rods 302 cooperating with them to rotate upwards. During the process of the two L-shaped connecting rods 302 rotating upwards, they respectively drive the first T-shaped slider 29 to slide upwards along the first rectangular chute 1401 through the first connecting rods 16 on both sides. During the process of the first T-shaped slider 29 sliding upwards, the first connecting rods 16 on both sides deflect outwards, and the first return spring also starts to compress as the first T-shaped slider 29 slides upwards. The first T-shaped slider 29 will start to deflect the two second connecting rods 15 described later through sliding drive, thereby driving the transmission mechanism to start working.

[0022] The transmission mechanism includes a horizontal lever 11, a second T-shaped slider 17, a second connecting rod 15, a third connecting rod 12, a movable block 13, and a second rectangular slider 24; At the lower end of the rear wall of the second vertical mounting plate 14, a horizontal lever 11 is fixedly installed. At the upper end of the horizontal lever 11, there is a T-shaped chute 1101, and the cross plates of the two second T-shaped sliders 17 are respectively and slidably installed in the T-shaped chute 1101; At the upper ends of the vertical plates of the two second T-shaped sliders 17, first connecting frames are respectively and fixedly installed, and the first ends of the second connecting rods 15 are respectively and rotatably installed on the rear walls of the two first connecting frames; At both ends of the T-shaped chute 1101, second return springs are respectively installed, and the other ends of the two second return springs are respectively connected to the outer walls of the second T-shaped sliders 17 close to them; The second ends of the two second connecting rods 15 are respectively and rotatably sleeved on the outer walls of the first connecting shafts close to them; The two second connecting rods 15 are respectively installed on the outer sides of the first connecting rods 16 close to them; The first ends of the third connecting rods 12 are respectively and rotatably installed in the two first connecting frames; On the rear parts of the outer walls of the two vertical plates of the n-shaped bottom plate 1, first rectangular through grooves 104 are respectively provided, and second rectangular sliders 24 are respectively and slidably installed in the two first rectangular through grooves 104. On the outer walls of the two second rectangular sliders 24, third connecting shafts are respectively and fixedly installed; On the outer walls of the two third connecting shafts, movable blocks 13 are respectively and fixedly installed, and on the rear walls of the two movable blocks 13, fourth connecting shafts are respectively and fixedly installed; The second ends of the two third connecting rods 12 are respectively rotatably sleeved on the fourth connecting shafts close to them; The two second rectangular sliders 24 respectively work through a sliding drive lifting mechanism and a sliding mechanism. As the first T-shaped slider 29 slides, the two second connecting rods 15 start to deflect. During the upward sliding process of the first T-shaped slider 29, the two second connecting rods 15 start to deflect upward. During the upward deflection process of the two second connecting rods 15, they will drive the second T-shaped sliders 17 on both sides to slide inwards, and during the sliding process, the second return springs on both sides are pulled to start stretching. When the L-shaped flip top covers 3 on both sides are fully opened, the first return spring is in a compressed state. Since the two second return springs and the first spring are all in a state of waiting to be reset at this time, when the first T-shaped slider 29 slides upward to the highest position, a limit pin is needed to limit it. The first rectangular through groove 1401 and the first T-shaped slider 29 are both provided with mutually matching limit holes. By inserting the limit pin into the two limit holes, the reset movement of the first T-shaped slider 29 can be restricted to achieve limiting. When the L-shaped flip top covers 3 on both sides are fully closed, the first T-shaped slider 29 slides downward, driving the two second connecting rods 15 to deflect downward, and the two second T-shaped sliders 17 slide outward. The two top covers are closed and limited through buckles. After the limiting, the second return springs and the first return springs on both sides are in a reset state, and the second T-shaped sliders 17 on both sides also drive the subsequent lifting mechanism to start working as they slide.

[0023] The lifting mechanism includes a fourth connecting rod 10, a third rectangular slider 22, a fourth rectangular slider 20, a fifth connecting rod 21, a U-shaped sliding frame 19, a first main shaft, and a second main shaft; The first ends of the fourth connecting rods 10 are respectively rotatably sleeved on the outer walls of the two third connecting shafts, and the two fourth connecting rods 10 are respectively installed inside the movable blocks 13 close to them; On the outer walls of the two first vertically installed plates 2, second rectangular through grooves 201 are respectively provided, and third rectangular sliders 22 are respectively slidably installed in the two second rectangular through grooves 201; On the outer walls of the two third rectangular sliders 22, fifth connecting shafts are respectively and fixedly installed, and the second ends of the two fourth connecting rods 10 are respectively rotatably sleeved on the outer walls of the fifth connecting shafts close to them; The inner walls of the two third rectangular sliders 22 are fixedly connected through a first main shaft, and the first main shaft is movably installed above the cross plate of the n-shaped bottom plate 1; In the middle of the upper end of the cross plate of the n-type bottom plate 1, there is a third rectangular through groove 101. A cross frame of a U-shaped sliding frame 19 is slidably installed in the third rectangular through groove 101, and the two vertical frames of the U-shaped sliding frame 19 slidably penetrate through the third rectangular through groove 101; The two vertical frames of the two U-shaped sliding frames 19 are movably installed above the cross plate of the n-type bottom plate 1; Therefore, it is rotationally penetrated between the first main shaft and the vertical frame of the U-shaped sliding frame 19 close to the second vertical mounting plate 14; A second main shaft is rotationally penetrated and installed in the vertical frame of the U-shaped sliding frame 19 far from the second vertical mounting plate 14; On both sides of the upper end of the cross plate of the n-type bottom plate 1, there are respectively fourth rectangular through grooves 103, and the third rectangular through groove 101 is respectively installed between the two fourth rectangular through grooves 103; Fourth rectangular sliders 20 are respectively slidably installed in the two third rectangular through grooves 101. The upper ends of the two fourth rectangular sliders 20 respectively slidably penetrate through the fourth rectangular through grooves 103 close to them and are fixedly connected to the two ends of the second main shaft; The first ends of the fifth connecting rods 21 are respectively rotationally sleeved on the second main shaft. The two fifth connecting rods 21 are respectively installed between the fourth rectangular sliders 20 and the U-shaped sliding frames 19 close to them; Sixth connecting shafts are respectively fixedly installed on the left and right side walls of the simulation arm 7. The second ends of the two fifth connecting rods 21 are respectively rotationally sleeved on the outer walls of the sixth connecting shafts close to them. As the second T-shaped sliders 17 on both sides start to slide, the second T-shaped sliders 17 on both sides drive the fourth connecting rods 10 on both sides to deflect up and down as they slide. During the up and down deflection of the fourth connecting rods 10 on both sides, the third rectangular sliders 22 on both sides are respectively driven to reciprocate along the second rectangular through grooves 201 on both sides. The two third rectangular sliders 22 respectively drive the U-shaped sliding frames 19 to reciprocate through sliding. During the reciprocating sliding of the U-shaped sliding frames 19, the fourth rectangular sliders 20 on both sides can be driven to reciprocate. During the reciprocating sliding of the fourth rectangular sliders 20 on both sides, the fifth connecting rods 21 on both sides are respectively driven to deflect up and down. As the two fifth connecting rods 21 deflect up and down, the simulation arm 7 can be driven to have a tendency to move up and down. By connecting the simulation arm 7 and the cross plate of the n-type base 1 with a telescopic rod, the movement track of the simulation arm 7 can be ensured, and the tendency of up and down movement can be converted into up and down movement with a fixed track.

[0024] The sliding mechanism includes a fifth rectangular slider 18 and a sixth connecting rod 23; Seventh connecting shafts are respectively fixedly installed on the inner walls of the two second rectangular sliders 24. The first ends of the sixth connecting rods 23 are respectively rotationally sleeved on the outer walls of the two seventh connecting shafts; On the left and right side walls of the sliding placement plate 5, eighth connecting shafts are respectively and fixedly installed. On the outer walls of the two eighth connecting shafts, fifth rectangular sliders 18 are respectively rotatably sleeved. At the lower ends of the two vertical plates of the n-shaped base 1, fifth rectangular through grooves 102 are respectively provided. The two fifth rectangular sliders 18 are respectively slidably installed in the fifth rectangular through grooves 102 close to them. The second ends of the two sixth connecting rods 23 are respectively rotatably sleeved on the outer walls of the eighth connecting shafts close to them. The sixth connecting rods 23 on the same side are movably installed between the sliding placement plate 5 and the vertical plate of the n-shaped base 1 close to it. As the second rectangular sliders 24 on both sides slide up and down, they will respectively drive the sixth connecting rods 23 on both sides to start deflecting up and down. During the up and down deflection of the sixth connecting rods 23 on both sides, they can simultaneously drive the sliding placement plate 5 to start sliding back and forth, thereby driving the circulating pump 6 placed on it to move back and forth, facilitating the interns to adjust or store the circulating pump 6.

[0025] The replacement mechanism includes a movable barrel 8, an inner barrel 25, a connecting rod 27, a connecting column 2701, a third return spring 28, a first magnet 26, and a second magnet 2501; The inner barrel 25 is installed inside the simulation arm 7, and the movable barrel 8 is detachably installed inside the front wall of the inner barrel 25; A retaining disc is fixedly installed on the front wall of the movable barrel 8, and the retaining disc is detachably arranged between the front wall of the simulation arm 7 through a fixing member; The two vertical tubes of the U-shaped simulated artery blood vessel 9 are respectively slidably penetrated through the movable barrel 8; The same connecting rod 27 is fixedly installed between the two vertical tubes of the U-shaped simulated artery blood vessel 9, and the connecting rod 27 is movably installed at the rear side of the movable barrel 8; A connecting column 2701 is fixedly installed in the middle of the front wall of the connecting rod 27, and the connecting column 2701 is connected to the rear wall of the movable barrel 8 through a third return spring 28; A first magnet 26 is fixedly installed on the rear wall of the horizontal tube of the U-shaped simulated artery blood vessel 9, and a second magnet 2501 with the opposite magnetic property to the first magnet 26 is fixedly installed on the front side of the rear wall of the inner barrel 25; The first magnet 26 and the second magnet 2501 are detachably in contact with each other, refer to Figure 9, the movable bucket 8 is connected to the left side wall of the simulation arm 7 through a fixing member. After removing the fixing member and manually pulling the movable bucket 8 to the left, the third return spring 28 starts to return to the left and pop out the movable bucket 8. At this time, when pulling out the U-shaped simulated artery 9 outward, the first magnet 26 and the second magnet 2501 are separated from each other. At this time, both the U-shaped simulated artery 9 and the movable bucket 8 can be detached from the simulation arm. After completely removing the U-shaped simulated artery 9 and the movable bucket 8, pull the U-shaped simulated artery 9 to the right side of the movable bucket 8 to replace it with a new U-shaped simulated artery, and then put the movable bucket 8 and the U-shaped simulated artery 9 into the simulation arm at the same time, so that the first magnet 26 and the second magnet 2501 approach and contact each other to attract. At this time, push the movable bucket 8 completely into the simulation arm 7 to the right to compress the third return spring 28 and then install the fixing member again.

[0026] On the inner walls of the vertical rods of the two L-shaped flip tops 3, storage baskets 4 for storing the tools used in the practical operation are respectively fixedly installed, and their function is to facilitate the intern doctors to pick up the tools when the two L-shaped flip tops 3 are turned up on both sides.

[0027] The implementation method of the present invention: When the device is in the initial state, as Figure 11 A and Figure 12 As shown in A, the two L-shaped flip tops 3 on both sides are mutually closed and limited through buckles, and the first return spring and the two second return springs are both in the return state at this time. When using the device, the user opens the buckle between the two L-shaped flip tops 3 and turns the two L-shaped flip tops 3 outward respectively; While the two L-shaped flip tops 3 are being opened and turned outward, the simulation arm 7 inside will start to pop up upward under the drive of the lifting mechanism; As the simulation arm 7 extends upward, the sliding placement plate 5 located under the cross plate of the n-shaped base 1 drives the circulation pump 6 to slide forward. After the simulation arm 7 completely extends out, use the limit pin to catch the limit hole in the first T-shaped slider 29 and the first rectangular chute 1401 to limit the first T-shaped slider 29 and prevent it from moving downward to return. At this time, the device is as Figure 11 B and Figure 12 As shown in B, the user can start the artery puncture training on the simulation arm 7 at this time; Since the U-shaped simulated artery 9 in the simulated arm 7 needs to be replaced after multiple punctures, the fixing member between the movable barrel 8 and the simulated arm 7 is removed at this time, and the third return spring 28 starts to return to the left to eject the movable barrel 8. At this time, when the U-shaped simulated artery 9 is pulled outwards, the first magnet 26 and the second magnet 2501 are separated from each other. At this time, both the U-shaped simulated artery 9 and the movable barrel 8 can be detached from the simulated arm. After completely removing the U-shaped simulated artery 9 and the movable barrel 8, the U-shaped simulated artery 9 is pulled out to the right side of the movable barrel 8 to replace it with a new U-shaped simulated artery. Then, the movable barrel 8 and the U-shaped simulated artery 9 are simultaneously placed into the simulated arm, so that the first magnet 26 and the second magnet 2501 are close to and contact each other and are attracted. At this time, the movable barrel 8 is completely pushed into the simulated arm 7 to the right to compress the third return spring 28, and then the fixing member is installed again.

[0028] Before the present invention is used, while the L-shaped flip top cover on both sides is driven to open by the flipping mechanism, the lifting mechanism drives the simulated arm to rise synchronously, which is convenient for interns to perform puncture training on the simulated arm. At the same time, as the simulated arm is lifted, the circulating pump located below will be ejected outwards synchronously under the drive of the sliding mechanism, which is convenient for interns to adjust the circulating speed of the circulating pump. The U-shaped simulated artery of the present invention can be better replaced with the cooperation of the replacement components, and has stronger maintainability compared with the traditional embedded artery.

[0029] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An arterial puncture operation teaching and training device that is easy to use and maintain, comprising a simulated arm (7), a circulation pump (6), and a U-shaped simulated arterial blood vessel (9), wherein: It also comprises an N-shaped base (1), a first vertical mounting plate (2), a second vertical mounting plate (14), an L-shaped flip top cover (3), a handle (301), a connecting pipe (601), a sliding placement plate (5), a flip mechanism, a sliding mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a transmission mechanism, and a replacement component; First vertical mounting plates (2) are fixedly provided on the upper ends of the two vertical plates of the n-shaped base (1), respectively, and a second vertical mounting plate (14) is fixedly provided between the two first vertical mounting plates (2) and the rear end of the n-shaped base (1); The simulation arm (7) is movably arranged above the horizontal plate of the n-shaped base (1), the simulation arm (7) is driven to move by a lifting mechanism, and the simulation arm (7) is movably arranged on the front side of the second vertical mounting plate (14); A sliding placement plate (5) is movably provided below the horizontal plate of the n-shaped base (1), the sliding placement plate (5) is movably provided between two vertical plates of the n-shaped base (1), and the sliding placement plate (5) is movably provided on the front side of the second vertical mounting plate (14); The circulation pump (6) is detachably arranged on the upper end of the sliding placement plate (5), and the sliding placement plate (5) is driven to slide by a sliding mechanism; The U-shaped simulated arterial blood vessel (9) is detachably arranged in the simulated arm (7); The two ends of the circulation pump (6) are respectively connected with connecting pipes (601), and the front ends of the two vertical pipes of the U-shaped simulated arterial blood vessel (9) are respectively connected to the connecting pipes (601) adjacent thereto through flexible pipes in a detachable manner; The simulated arm (7) is provided with a replacement component, and the U-shaped simulated arterial blood vessel (9) is driven to move by the replacement component; The sliding mechanism is driven to work by the lifting mechanism; A transmission mechanism is provided at the rear end of the second vertical mounting plate (14), and the lifting mechanism is driven to work by the transmission mechanism; The upper ends of the two first vertical mounting plates (2) are respectively rotatably provided with L-shaped flip top covers (3), and the two L-shaped flip top covers (3) are respectively movably arranged above the simulation arms (7); The two L-shaped flip top covers (3) are driven to rotate by a flip mechanism, and the transmission mechanism is driven to work by the flip mechanism; Handles (301) are fixedly provided on the outer walls of the vertical plates of the two L-shaped flip top covers (3).

2. The arterial puncture operation teaching and training device that is easy to use and maintain according to claim 1 is characterized by: The flipping mechanism comprises a connecting plate, an L-shaped connecting rod (302), a first connecting rod (16), a first T-shaped sliding block (29), and a first return spring; The rear walls of the horizontal plates and the vertical plates of the two L-shaped flip top covers (3) are respectively fixed with connecting plates, and the lower ends of the rear walls of the two connecting plates are respectively fixed with vertical rods of the L-shaped connecting rods (302); The vertical rods of the two L-shaped connecting rods (302) are respectively rotatably arranged at the rear end of the second vertical mounting plate (14) via a first rotating shaft; A first rectangular slide groove (1401) is provided in the middle of the rear wall of the second vertical mounting plate (14), a vertical rod of a first T-shaped slider (29) is slidably provided in the first rectangular slide groove (1401), and a horizontal rod of the first T-shaped slider (29) is slidably provided on the rear wall of the second vertical mounting plate (14); First connecting shafts are fixedly provided on the outer walls of both ends of the crossbar of the first T-shaped sliding block (29), and first ends of the first connecting rods (16) are rotatably sleeved on the outer walls of the two first connecting shafts; A second connecting shaft is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the cross bar ends of the two L-shaped connecting rods (302), and the second ends of the two first connecting rods (16) are rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the second connecting shaft adjacent thereto; The upper end of the vertical rod of the first T-shaped sliding block (29) is connected to the top wall of the first rectangular sliding groove (1401) via a first return spring; The first T-shaped sliding block (29) drives the transmission mechanism to work by sliding.

3. The arterial puncture operation teaching and training device that is easy to use and maintain according to claim 2 is characterized by: The transmission mechanism comprises a horizontal lever (11), a second T-shaped slider (17), a second connecting rod (15), a third connecting rod (12), a movable block (13), and a second rectangular slider (24); A horizontal lever (11) is fixedly provided at the lower end of the rear wall of the second vertical mounting plate (14), a T-shaped slide groove (1101) is provided at the upper end of the horizontal lever (11), and two transverse plates with second T-shaped sliding blocks (17) are respectively slidably provided in the T-shaped slide groove (1101); The upper ends of the vertical plates of the two second T-shaped slide blocks (17) are respectively fixed with first connecting frames, and the first ends of the second connecting rods (15) are respectively rotatably provided on the rear walls of the two first connecting frames; The two ends of the T-shaped slide groove (1101) are respectively provided with a second return spring, and the other ends of the two second return springs are respectively connected to the outer wall of the second T-shaped slide block (17) adjacent thereto; The second ends of the two second connecting rods (15) are respectively rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the first connecting shaft adjacent thereto; The two second connecting rods (15) are respectively arranged on the outside of the first connecting rod (16) adjacent thereto; The first ends of the third connecting rods (12) are rotatably arranged in the two first connecting frames respectively; The rear parts of the outer walls of the two vertical plates of the n-type bottom plate (1) are respectively provided with first rectangular through grooves (104), second rectangular sliding blocks (24) are respectively slidably arranged in the two first rectangular through grooves (104), and third connecting shafts are respectively fixedly arranged on the outer walls of the two second rectangular sliding blocks (24); A movable block (13) is fixedly provided on the outer walls of the two third connecting shafts, respectively, and a fourth connecting shaft is fixedly provided on the rear walls of the two movable blocks (13); The second ends of the two third connecting rods (12) are respectively rotatably sleeved on the fourth connecting shafts adjacent thereto; The two second rectangular sliding blocks (24) respectively drive the lifting mechanism and the sliding mechanism to work by sliding.

4. The arterial puncture operation teaching and training device that is easy to use and maintain according to claim 3 is characterized by: The lifting mechanism comprises a fourth connecting rod (10), a third rectangular slider (22), a fourth rectangular slider (20), a fifth connecting rod (21), a U-shaped slider (19), a first main shaft, and a second main shaft; The first ends of the fourth connecting rods (10) are rotatably sleeved on the outer walls of the two third connecting shafts, and the two fourth connecting rods (10) are respectively arranged on the inner sides of the movable blocks (13) adjacent thereto; Second rectangular through grooves (201) are respectively provided on the outer walls of the two first vertical mounting plates (2), and third rectangular sliding blocks (22) are respectively slidably provided in the two second rectangular through grooves (201); A fifth connecting shaft is fixedly mounted on the outer walls of the two third rectangular sliding blocks (22), and the second ends of the two fourth connecting rods (10) are rotatably sleeved on the outer walls of the fifth connecting shafts adjacent thereto. The inner walls of the two third rectangular sliding blocks (22) are fixedly connected via a first main shaft, and the first main shaft is movably arranged above the transverse plate of the n-type bottom plate (1); A third rectangular through slot (101) is provided in the middle of the upper end of the horizontal plate of the n-type bottom plate (1), a horizontal frame of a U-shaped slide (19) is slidably arranged in the third rectangular through slot (101), and two vertical frames of the U-shaped slide (19) slide through the third rectangular through slot (101); The two vertical frames of the two U-shaped slides (19) are movably arranged above the horizontal plate of the N-shaped bottom plate (1); Therefore, the first main shaft is rotatably intersected with the vertical frame of the U-shaped slide (19) near the second vertical mounting plate (14); A second main shaft is provided in a vertical frame of the U-shaped slide (19) away from the second vertical mounting plate (14) for rotation and penetration; Fourth rectangular through grooves (103) are respectively provided on both sides of the upper end of the horizontal plate of the n-type bottom plate (1), and the third rectangular through grooves (101) are respectively provided between two of the fourth rectangular through grooves (103); A fourth rectangular sliding block (20) is slidably disposed in each of the two third rectangular through grooves (101), and the upper ends of the two fourth rectangular sliding blocks (20) slide through the adjacent fourth rectangular through grooves (103) to be fixedly connected to the two ends of the second main shaft; The first ends of the fifth connecting rods (21) are rotatably sleeved on the second main shafts, and the two fifth connecting rods (21) are respectively arranged between the fourth rectangular sliding block (20) and the U-shaped sliding frame (19) adjacent thereto; A sixth connecting shaft is fixedly provided on the left and right side walls of the simulation arm (7), respectively, and the second ends of the two fifth connecting rods (21) are rotatably sleeved on the outer walls of the sixth connecting shaft adjacent thereto.

5. The arterial puncture operation teaching and training device that is easy to use and maintain according to claim 4 is characterized by: The sliding mechanism comprises a fifth rectangular sliding block (18) and a sixth connecting rod (23); A seventh connecting shaft is fixedly mounted on the inner walls of the two second rectangular sliding blocks (24), and a first end of a sixth connecting rod (23) is rotatably sleeved on the outer walls of the two seventh connecting shafts; An eighth connecting shaft is fixedly mounted on the left and right side walls of the sliding placement plate (5), and a fifth rectangular sliding block (18) is rotatably mounted on the outer walls of the two eighth connecting shafts. A fifth rectangular through groove (102) is provided at the lower ends of the two vertical plates of the n-type base (1), and the two fifth rectangular sliding blocks (18) are slidably mounted in the fifth rectangular through groove (102) adjacent thereto. The second ends of the two sixth connecting rods (23) are rotatably mounted on the outer walls of the eighth connecting shaft adjacent thereto, and the sixth connecting rods (23) located on the same side are movably mounted between the sliding placement plate (5) and the vertical plate of the n-type base (1) adjacent thereto.

6. The arterial puncture operation teaching and training device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The replacement mechanism comprises a movable barrel (8), an inner barrel (25), a connecting rod (27), a connecting column (2701), a third return spring (28), a first magnet (26), and a second magnet (2501); An inner barrel (25) is provided in the simulation arm (7), and a movable barrel (8) is detachably provided in the front wall of the inner barrel (25); A baffle is fixedly provided on the front wall of the movable barrel (8), and the baffle is detachably arranged between a fixing member and the front wall of the simulation arm (7); The two vertical tubes of the U-shaped simulated arterial blood vessel (9) are respectively slidably arranged to penetrate between the movable barrel (8); A common connecting rod (27) is fixedly disposed between the two vertical tubes of the U-shaped simulated arterial blood vessel (9), and the connecting rod (27) is movably disposed at the rear side of the movable barrel (8); A connecting column (2701) is fixedly provided in the middle of the front wall of the connecting rod (27), and the connecting column (2701) is connected to the rear wall of the movable barrel (8) via a third return spring (28); A first magnet (26) is fixedly provided on the rear wall of the transverse tube of the U-shaped simulated arterial blood vessel (9), and a second magnet (2501) having a magnetic property opposite to that of the first magnet (26) is fixedly provided on the front side of the rear wall of the inner barrel (25); The first magnet (26) and the second magnet (2501) are arranged in detachable contact.

7. The arterial puncture operation teaching and training device that is easy to use and maintain according to claim 2 is characterized by: Storage baskets (4) for storing practical tools are fixedly provided on the inner walls of the vertical rods of the two L-shaped flip top covers (3).

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