Pre-activation method and device of fuel cell system

Abstract

The invention relates to a pre-activation method and device of a fuel cell system. Comprising the following steps: acquiring shutdown duration of a fuel cell system; if the shutdown duration is greater than the preset duration, determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current environment humidity and the current dust value; after the fuel cell system is subjected to pre-activation treatment according to the current failure state, whether the electric pile state of the fuel cell system is a single low state or not is judged; and if the stack state is a single low state, performing starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on a first starvation activation strategy, and controlling the fuel cell system to operate after the treatment is completed. Therefore, by analyzing the state of the fuel cell system and adopting different recovery activation treatment modes for the fuel cell system according to different states, the problem that the performance of the fuel cell stack is reduced after the fuel cell stack is assembled or does not work for a long time is solved, and the fuel cell stack is quickly and efficiently activated, so that the fuel cell stack achieves the optimal performance output.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly to a pre-activation method and device for a fuel cell system. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the global energy crisis and environmental pollution have been intensifying. To alleviate environmental pollution and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, fuel cell technology provides a brand-new technical route. The Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is a clean and environmentally friendly electrochemical power generation device. Due to its advantages such as small volume, light weight, mild operating conditions, high energy conversion rate, simple structure, and rapid response, it is very suitable for portable power sources and transportation tools. Therefore, fuel cells are considered the preferred clean and efficient power generation devices in the 21st century, and countries around the world are actively developing fuel cell electric vehicles with fuel cell stack modules as the main power source. The efficient output of the in-vehicle fuel cell stack performance has practical application value. To enable the fuel cell stack to maximize its performance output, after the stack is assembled or after a long period of inactivity, the stack needs to be activated accordingly.

[0003] In related technologies, the activation method of the fuel cell stack is to gradually restore the performance of the stack by means of cyclic polarization current loading.

[0004] However, this method only targets the fuel cell stack, does not analyze the state of the fuel cell system, and does not perform different restoration and activation treatments on the fuel cell system according to different states, which urgently needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a pre-activation method and device for a fuel cell system to solve the problem of performance degradation after the fuel cell stack is assembled or after a long period of inactivity, and to quickly and efficiently activate the stack so that the stack reaches the best performance output.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the first aspect embodiment of this application proposes a pre-activation method for a fuel cell system, including the following steps:

[0007] Obtain the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system;

[0008] If the shutdown duration is greater than a preset duration, obtain the current environmental humidity and the current dust value at the inlet of the fuel cell system, and determine the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value;

[0009] Perform pre-activation processing on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state, and determine whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state after the pre-activation processing is completed; and

[0010] If the stack state is the single low state, perform starvation activation processing on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, and control the operation of the fuel cell system after the starvation activation processing is completed.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present application, the determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current ambient humidity and the current dust value includes:

[0012] If the current dust value is greater than a first preset threshold, determine that the current failure state is an ash accumulation state; otherwise, determine whether the current ambient humidity is greater than a preset humidity;

[0013] If the current ambient humidity is greater than the preset humidity, determine that the current failure state is a dry state; otherwise, determine that the current failure state is a full-air state.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present application, when the current failure state is the ash accumulation state, the performing pre-activation processing on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state includes:

[0015] Determine the bypass purge flow rate and bypass purge time before the fuel cell system is powered on;

[0016] Based on the bypass purge flow rate and the bypass purge time, purge the bypass of the fuel cell system, and perform starvation activation processing on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the second starvation activation strategy.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present application, when the current failure state is the dry state, the performing pre-activation processing on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state includes:

[0018] Determine the first loading current, operating temperature, air flow rate, and preset humidification duration after the fuel cell system is powered on;

[0019] Based on the loading current, the operating temperature, and the air flow rate, perform humidification processing on the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system, and restore the initial operating temperature and air flow rate when the first duration of the humidification processing satisfies the preset humidification duration.

[0020] According to an embodiment of the present application, when the current failure state is the full-air state, the performing pre-activation processing on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state includes:

[0021] Determine the first nitrogen purge duration, the first circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and the first opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve when the fuel cell system is powered on;

[0022] Based on the first nitrogen purge duration, the first circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and the first opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve, perform an initial nitrogen purge operation on the fuel cell system.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present application, when the current failure state is the full air state, if the stack state is the single low state, before performing starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, it further includes:

[0024] Determine the second nitrogen purge duration, the second circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve when the fuel cell system is powered on;

[0025] Based on the second nitrogen purge duration, the second circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve, perform a deep nitrogen purge operation on the fuel cell system.

[0026] According to an embodiment of the present application, the starvation activation treatment of the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy includes:

[0027] Determine the second load current and the preset activation duration before clamping the potential after the fuel cell system is shut down, perform activation treatment before clamping the potential on the fuel cell system based on the second load current, and when the second duration of the activation treatment before clamping the potential meets the preset activation duration before clamping the potential, introduce air to control the operation of the fuel cell system.

[0028] According to an embodiment of the present application, the starvation activation treatment of the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the second starvation activation strategy includes:

[0029] Based on the preset strategy of reducing the air stoichiometry ratio, reduce the air stoichiometry ratio after the fuel cell system is powered on to a second preset threshold, and operate the fuel cell system under preset current conditions.

[0030] According to an embodiment of the present application, after determining whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is the single low state after the pre-activation treatment is completed, it further includes:

[0031] If the stack state is not the single low state, control the fuel cell system to be powered on and operate.

[0032] According to the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system proposed by the embodiments of the present application, by obtaining the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system, and when the shutdown duration is greater than the preset duration, determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value, and judging whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single-low state after the pre-activation treatment of the fuel cell system according to the current failure state; if the stack state is a single-low state, performing starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, and controlling the operation of the fuel cell system after the treatment is completed. Thus, by analyzing the state of the fuel cell system and adopting different recovery activation treatment methods for the fuel cell system according to different states, the problem that the performance of the fuel cell stack decreases after assembly or long-term non-operation is solved, and the stack is activated quickly and efficiently, so that the stack reaches the best performance output.

[0033] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application proposes a pre-activation device for a fuel cell system, including:

[0034] An acquisition module, configured to acquire the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system;

[0035] A determination module, configured to, when the shutdown duration is greater than the preset duration, acquire the current environmental humidity and the current dust value at the inlet of the fuel cell system, and determine the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value;

[0036] A pre-activation module, configured to perform pre-activation treatment on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state, and judge whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single-low state after the pre-activation treatment is completed; and

[0037] A starvation activation module, configured to, when the stack state is the single-low state, perform starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, and control the operation of the fuel cell system after the starvation activation treatment is completed.

[0038] According to an embodiment of the present application, the determination module is specifically configured to:

[0039] When the current dust value is greater than the first preset threshold, determining that the current failure state is an ash accumulation state, otherwise, judging whether the current environmental humidity is greater than the preset humidity;

[0040] When the current environmental humidity is greater than the preset humidity, determining that the current failure state is a dry state, otherwise, determining that the current failure state is a full-air state.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present application, when the current failure state is the ash accumulation state, the pre-activation module includes:

[0042] A first determination unit, configured to determine a bypass purge flow rate and a bypass purge time before the fuel cell system is powered on;

[0043] A first processing unit, configured to purge the bypass of the fuel cell system based on the bypass purge flow rate and the bypass purge time, and perform a starvation activation process on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on a second starvation activation strategy.

[0044] According to an embodiment of the present application, the current failure state is the dry state, and the pre-activation module includes:

[0045] A second determination unit, configured to determine a first load current, an operating temperature, an air flow rate, and a preset humidification duration after the fuel cell system is powered on;

[0046] A humidification processing unit, configured to humidify the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system based on the load current, the operating temperature, and the air flow rate, and restore the initial operating temperature and air flow rate when a first duration of the humidification process meets the preset humidification duration.

[0047] According to an embodiment of the present application, the current failure state is the full-air state, and the pre-activation module includes:

[0048] A third determination unit, configured to determine a first nitrogen purge duration, a first circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and a first opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve when the fuel cell system is powered on;

[0049] A nitrogen purge unit, configured to perform an initial nitrogen purge operation on the fuel cell system based on the first nitrogen purge duration, the first circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and the first opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve.

[0050] According to an embodiment of the present application, when the current failure state is the full-air state and the stack state is the single-low state, before performing a starvation activation process on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on a first starvation activation strategy, the starvation activation module is further configured to:

[0051] Determine a second nitrogen purge duration, a second circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and a second opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve when the fuel cell system is powered on;

[0052] Perform a deep nitrogen purge operation on the fuel cell system based on the second nitrogen purge duration, the second circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve.

[0053] According to an embodiment of the present application, the starvation activation module is specifically configured to:

[0054] Determine the second pull-load current after the fuel cell system shuts down and the preset activation duration before the clamping potential. Based on the second pull-load current, perform pre-clamping potential activation processing on the fuel cell system. When the second duration of the pre-clamping potential activation processing meets the preset activation duration before the clamping potential, introduce air to control the operation of the fuel cell system.

[0055] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first processing unit is specifically configured to:

[0056] Based on a preset strategy for reducing the air stoichiometry ratio, reduce the air stoichiometry ratio after the fuel cell system is started up to a second preset threshold, and operate the fuel cell system under preset current conditions.

[0057] According to an embodiment of the present application, after determining whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single-low state after the pre-activation processing is completed, the pre-activation module is further configured to:

[0058] When the stack state is not the single-low state, control the fuel cell system to start up and operate.

[0059] According to the pre-activation device of the fuel cell system proposed in the embodiment of the present application, by obtaining the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system, and when the shutdown duration is greater than the preset duration, determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value, and after the pre-activation processing of the fuel cell system is completed according to the current failure state, determining whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single-low state; if the stack state is a single-low state, perform starvation activation processing on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, and control the fuel cell system to operate after the processing is completed. Thus, by analyzing the state of the fuel cell system and adopting different recovery activation processing methods for the fuel cell system according to different states, the problem that the performance of the fuel cell stack decreases after it is assembled or has not worked for a long time is solved, and the stack is activated quickly and efficiently, so that the stack reaches the best performance output.

[0060] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the third aspect of the present application proposes a vehicle, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor executes the program to implement the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system as described in the above embodiment.

[0061] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the fourth aspect of the present application proposes a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and the program is executed by a processor to be used to implement the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system as described in the above embodiment.

[0062] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present application. Description of the Drawings

[0063] The above-mentioned and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and be readily understood from the following description of embodiments in conjunction with the drawings, where:

[0064] Figure 1 FIG. is a flowchart of a pre-activation method for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the position of a dust sensor according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] Figure 3 FIG. is a flowchart of another pre-activation method for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0067] Figure 4 FIG. is a block schematic diagram of a pre-activation device for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Figure 5 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0069] Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0070] A pre-activation method and device for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, a pre-activation method for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0071] Figure 1 FIG. is a flowchart of a pre-activation method for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0072] Exemplarily, as Figure 1 shown, the pre-activation method for the fuel cell system includes the following steps:

[0073] In step S101, the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system is obtained.

[0074] It can be understood that the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system can be obtained through various means. For example, a shutdown log can be designed for the fuel cell system. Each time the system shuts down, the system can automatically record the shutdown duration, and the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system can be obtained by checking the log. Here, the method for obtaining the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system is not specifically limited.

[0075] In step S102, if the shutdown duration is greater than the preset duration, obtain the current ambient humidity and the current dust value at the inlet of the fuel cell system, and determine the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current ambient humidity and the current dust value.

[0076] Among them, the preset duration can be preset by those skilled in the art, can also be obtained through a limited number of experiments, or can be obtained through a limited number of computer simulations. Here, it is not specifically limited. The failure state refers to the situation that causes the performance of the fuel cell stack to decline due to the fuel cell system not being powered on for a long time.

[0077] That is to say, after obtaining the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system, if the shutdown duration is greater than the preset duration, it indicates that the fuel cell system has been shut down for a long time. To activate the fuel cell stack quickly and efficiently, the current ambient humidity and the current dust value at the inlet of the fuel cell system can be obtained. Among them, the current ambient humidity can be obtained according to the current weather forecast or a humidity sensor, and the current dust value can be measured by a dust sensor. As Figure 2 shown, to determine the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current ambient humidity and the current dust value, and make preparations for subsequent activation of the fuel cell system.

[0078] The following details how to determine the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current ambient humidity and the current dust value.

[0079] As a possible implementation method, in some embodiments, determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current ambient humidity and the current dust value includes: if the current dust value is greater than the first preset threshold, determine that the current failure state is an ash accumulation state; otherwise, judge whether the current ambient humidity is greater than the preset humidity; if the current ambient humidity is greater than the preset humidity, determine that the current failure state is a dry state; otherwise, determine that the current failure state is a full-air state.

[0080] It can be understood that since the intake throttle valve used in the fuel cell system is not completely sealed, and due to factors such as the lower limit of the filtration particle diameter of the air filter (i.e., the device for removing particulate impurities in the air), after the fuel cell vehicle has been shut down for a long time in a place with a large amount of dust or oil stains, a large amount of dust, oil stains, etc. will accumulate inside the air filter, the air compressor cavity, and the intake pipeline. Once the fuel cell system is started, these tiny dust and oil stain particles will enter the fuel cell stack, causing blockage, catalyst poisoning, etc., thereby leading to a decline in the performance of the fuel cell stack. In the embodiments of the present application, this failure state is named the dust accumulation state; since the intake throttle valve and the outlet throttle valve used in the fuel cell system are not completely sealed, and after being shut down for too long in a relatively dry environment, a large amount of water molecules in the membrane electrode diffuse, resulting in a very dry state of the membrane electrode. At this time, when the fuel cell system is started, the working efficiency of the membrane electrode will be very low. In the embodiments of the present application, this failure state is named the dry state; since the intake throttle valve and the outlet throttle valve used in the fuel cell system are not completely sealed, after a long shutdown, the anode and cathode inside the stack are in a state of full air, and the microspace between the gas diffusion layer and the catalyst particles and the membrane electrode is filled with air molecules. In this case, if the normal nitrogen purging process during startup is adopted, since the oxygen molecules existing inside the anode gas diffusion layer, the catalyst, and the microspace of the membrane electrode cannot be purged cleanly, when the fuel cell system starts to load the current to a high potential, carbon corrosion will occur, thereby affecting the durability of the stack. In the embodiments of the present application, this failure state is named the full air state.

[0081] Specifically, the basis for determining that the current failure state of the fuel cell system is the dust accumulation state includes: ① the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system is greater than or equal to a first threshold (calibratable), ② the current dust value (i.e., the PM2.5 value) at the inlet of the fuel cell system is greater than a first preset threshold (calibratable); the basis for determining that the current failure state of the fuel cell system is the dry state includes: ① the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system is greater than or equal to a second threshold (calibratable), ② the current environmental humidity is low and greater than a preset humidity (calibratable); the basis for determining that the current failure state of the fuel cell system is the full air state includes: ① the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system is greater than or equal to a third threshold (calibratable), ② the pressure in the cathode cavity of the fuel cell stack is equal to the atmospheric pressure.

[0082] In step S103, pre-activation processing is performed on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state, and after the pre-activation processing is completed, it is judged whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state.

[0083] That is to say, after determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value, the pre-activation strategy of the fuel cell system can be determined according to the current failure state. Corresponding pre-activation strategies can be adopted for different failure states to pre-activate the fuel cell system, so that the stack can achieve the best performance output. After pre-activating the fuel cell system according to the pre-activation strategy, further determine whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single-low state.

[0084] For ease of understanding, how to pre-activate the fuel cell system according to the current failure state will be described in detail below.

[0085] As a possible implementation method, in some embodiments, the current failure state is an ash accumulation state. Pre-activating the fuel cell system according to the current failure state includes: determining the bypass purge flow rate and bypass purge time before starting the fuel cell system; based on the bypass purge flow rate and bypass purge time, purging the bypass of the fuel cell system, and performing starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the second starvation activation strategy.

[0086] Specifically, when it is determined that the current failure state of the fuel cell system is an ash accumulation state, a large-volume bypass purge operation can be performed before starting the fuel cell system to determine the bypass purge flow rate (calibratable) and bypass purge time (calibratable) before starting the fuel cell system. Based on the bypass purge flow rate and bypass purge time, purge the bypass of the fuel cell system. After purging, start the fuel cell system. After the fuel cell system starts running, perform starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the second starvation activation strategy.

[0087] Among them, in some embodiments, performing starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the second starvation activation strategy includes: reducing the air stoichiometry ratio after starting the fuel cell system to a second preset threshold based on a preset air stoichiometry ratio reduction strategy, and operating the fuel cell system under a preset current condition.

[0088] Specifically, based on a preset air stoichiometry ratio reduction strategy, reduce the air stoichiometry ratio after starting the fuel cell system to a second preset threshold (calibratable), and operate the fuel cell system under a preset current condition, where the preset current condition is that the environmental humidity is greater than 70%, and the working temperature is greater than 60°C, that is, operate the fuel cell system at both the anode and cathode under the condition that the environmental humidity is greater than 70% and the working temperature is greater than 60°C to reduce the degree of ion poisoning.

[0089] Optionally, in some embodiments, when the current failure state is a dry state, a pre-activation process is performed on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state, including: determining a first loading current, an operating temperature, an air flow rate, and a preset humidification duration after the fuel cell system is powered on; based on the loading current, the operating temperature, and the air flow rate, performing a humidification process on the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system, and when the first duration of the humidification process meets the preset humidification duration, restoring the initial operating temperature and the air flow rate.

[0090] Specifically, when it is determined that the current failure state of the fuel cell system is a dry state, a rapid humidification process can be performed on the membrane electrode, that is, determining a first loading current, an operating temperature, an air flow rate, and a preset humidification duration after the fuel cell system is powered on, and loading the current to the first loading current after the fuel cell system is powered on, such as 0.5 A / cm 2 ; appropriately reducing the operating temperature of the fuel cell system. The temperature drop can cause an increase in humidity, resulting in more moisture remaining inside the stack. Through diffusion and electro-migration effects, the water content of the membrane electrode increases, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid humidification; reducing the air flow rate to a sixth threshold (calibratable) to reduce the discharge of moisture; when the above operations are maintained for a preset humidification duration (calibratable), restoring the initial operating temperature and the air flow rate.

[0091] Optionally, in some embodiments, when the current failure state is a full-air state, a pre-activation process is performed on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state, including: determining a first nitrogen purge duration when the fuel cell system is powered on, a first circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and a first opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve; based on the first nitrogen purge duration, the first circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and the first opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve, performing an initial nitrogen purge operation on the fuel cell system.

[0092] Specifically, when it is determined that the current failure state of the fuel cell system is a full-air state, a nitrogen purge operation can be increased during the clamping potential process when the fuel cell system is powered on. Since a certain amount of nitrogen accumulates at the anode of the fuel cell system, affecting the normal operation of the fuel cell system, a nitrogen discharge operation is required. Determine a first nitrogen purge duration (calibratable), a first circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit (calibratable), and a first opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve (calibratable) when the fuel cell system is powered on. Increasing the circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit to the calibrated value can deeply purge the microscopic space between the gas diffusion layer and the catalyst particles.

[0093] In step S104, if the stack state is a single-low state, a starvation activation process is performed on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, and after the starvation activation process is completed, the fuel cell system is controlled to operate.

[0094] Among them, the single-low state refers to the situation where, after the fuel cell system is restarted after a long-term shutdown, the performance of individual single cells in the fuel cell stack is lower than the overall average level of the stack. The factors causing the single-low state are relatively complex. However, in the case of a long-term shutdown, the single-low state is generally caused by the following factors: ① Local pollution inside the fuel cell stack caused by dust, oil stains, etc. in the dust accumulation state; ② Local drying inside the fuel cell stack; ③ Incomplete purging of impurity gases inside the gas diffusion layer of the membrane electrode at the initial startup, etc.

[0095] The basis for determining that the fuel cell stack is in the single-low state includes: ① The average difference of the CVM (Cell Voltage Monitor) of the stack is greater than the fourth threshold (such as 30 mV), and ② The duration of the single-low state is greater than the fifth threshold (such as 5 s).

[0096] That is to say, when it is determined that the stack state of the fuel cell system is in the single-low state after the pre-activation treatment, the cathode of the fuel cell system is subjected to starvation activation treatment based on the first starvation activation strategy, and the fuel cell system is controlled to operate normally after the starvation activation treatment is completed.

[0097] Among them, in some embodiments, the starvation activation treatment of the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy includes: determining the second loading current after the fuel cell system is shut down and the preset activation duration before clamping the potential, performing the activation treatment before clamping the potential on the fuel cell system based on the second loading current, and when the second duration of the activation treatment before clamping the potential meets the preset activation duration before clamping the potential, introducing air to control the operation of the fuel cell system.

[0098] Specifically, to determine the second loading current after the fuel cell system is shut down and the preset activation duration before clamping the potential, quickly shut down the fuel cell system and perform the activation treatment before clamping the potential. Before the fuel cell system starts up and the potential clamping action occurs, since the fuel cell system is quickly shut down, its cathode is nitrogen, with a relatively high temperature and a large amount of moisture retained. At this time, no air is provided, and a small current loading is performed until the loading current reaches the second loading current (which can be calibrated). In the LSV (Linear Sweep Voltammetry) state of the fuel cell stack, due to the reducibility of hydrogen, some poisoned parts of the cathode can be restored. When the duration of the activation treatment before clamping the potential meets the preset activation duration before clamping the potential (which can be calibrated), then introduce air to control the normal operation of the fuel cell system.

[0099] Further, in some embodiments, when the current failure state is the all-air state, if the stack state is the single-low state, before performing the starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, it further includes: determining the second nitrogen purge duration when the fuel cell system is powered on, the second circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen purge valve; and performing a deep nitrogen purge operation on the fuel cell system based on the second nitrogen purge duration, the second circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen purge valve.

[0100] That is to say, when the current failure state is the all-air state, during the nitrogen purge process, if it is determined that the stack state is the single-low state, before performing the starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, the nitrogen purge duration, the circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and the opening frequency of the hydrogen purge valve can be further increased. That is, determine the second nitrogen purge duration (calibratable), the second circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit (calibratable), and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen purge valve (calibratable) when the fuel cell system is powered on, and perform a deep nitrogen purge operation on the fuel cell system accordingly.

[0101] Further, in some embodiments, after determining whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is the single-low state after the pre-activation treatment is completed, it further includes: if the stack state is not the single-low state, controlling the fuel cell system to be powered on and operate.

[0102] That is to say, after the pre-activation treatment of the fuel cell system is completed according to the current failure state, if it is determined that the stack state of the fuel cell system is not the single-low state, directly control the fuel cell system to be powered on and operate.

[0103] To facilitate those skilled in the art to further understand the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system proposed in the embodiments of the present application, the following will be further described in conjunction with Figure 3 for further illustration.

[0104] As Figure 3 shown, the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system includes the following steps:

[0105] Step S301, determine whether the shutdown duration of the fuel system is greater than or equal to a preset duration. If so, execute Step S302; otherwise, execute Steps S308 - S309.

[0106] Step S302, start the water pump and open the small circulation; start the air compressor and open the bypass by 100%.

[0107] Step S303a, determine whether the PM2.5 value at the inlet of the fuel cell system is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold. If so, execute Step S304a; otherwise, execute Step S303b.

[0108] Step S304a, perform a bypass large-air-volume purge process when the current failure state of the fuel cell system is the ash accumulation state (i.e., the Dust state).

[0109] Step S305a, perform the first operation of the starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system.

[0110] Step S306a, determine whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is the single-low state. If so, execute Step S307a and Step S309; otherwise, execute Step S308 - S309.

[0111] Step S307a, perform the second operation of the starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system when the stack state of the fuel cell system is the single-low state.

[0112] Step S303b, determine whether the fuel cell system is in a dry area (i.e., whether the current ambient humidity is greater than the preset humidity). If so, execute Step S304b; otherwise, execute Step S304c.

[0113] Step S304b, perform a humidification treatment on the fuel cell system when the current failure state of the fuel cell system is the dry state (i.e., the Dry state).

[0114] Step S305b, determine whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is the single-low state. If so, execute Step S306b and Step S309; otherwise, execute Step S308 - S309.

[0115] Step S306b, perform the second operation of the starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system when the stack state of the fuel cell system is the single-low state.

[0116] Step S304c, perform a nitrogen purge operation on the fuel cell system when the current failure state of the fuel cell system is the full-air state (i.e., the Air state).

[0117] Step S305c, determine whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is the single-low state. If so, execute Step S306c, Step S307c and Step S309; otherwise, execute Step S308 - S309.

[0118] Step S306c, further enhance the nitrogen purge operation when the stack state of the fuel cell system is the single-low state.

[0119] Step S307c, perform the second operation of the starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system.

[0120] Step S308, the fuel cell system is normally powered on.

[0121] Step S309, the fuel cell system operates normally.

[0122] According to the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system proposed in the embodiments of the present application, by obtaining the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system, and when the shutdown duration is greater than the preset duration, determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value, and after the pre-activation process of the fuel cell system is completed according to the current failure state, determining whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single-low state; if the stack state is a single-low state, performing starvation activation on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, and controlling the operation of the fuel cell system after the process is completed. Thus, by analyzing the state of the fuel cell system and adopting different recovery activation methods for the fuel cell system according to different states, the problem of performance degradation after the fuel cell stack is assembled or after a long time of inactivity is solved, and the stack is activated quickly and efficiently, so that the stack reaches the best performance output.

[0123] Next, refer to the drawings to describe the pre-activation device of the fuel cell system proposed in the embodiments of the present application.

[0124] Figure 4 It is a block diagram of the pre-activation device of the fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0125] As Figure 4 shown, the pre-activation device 10 of the fuel cell system includes: an acquisition module 100, a determination module 200, a pre-activation module 300, and a starvation activation module 400.

[0126] Among them, the acquisition module 100 is used to obtain the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system;

[0127] The determination module 200 is used to obtain the current environmental humidity and the current dust value at the inlet of the fuel cell system when the shutdown duration is greater than the preset duration, and determine the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value;

[0128] The pre-activation module 300 is used to perform pre-activation processing on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state, and determine whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single-low state after the pre-activation process is completed; and

[0129] The starvation activation module 400 is used to perform starvation activation on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy when the stack state is a single-low state, and control the operation of the fuel cell system after the starvation activation process is completed.

[0130] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the determination module 200 is specifically used for:

[0131] When the current dust value is greater than the first preset threshold, it is determined that the current failure state is the ash accumulation state; otherwise, it is judged whether the current ambient humidity is greater than the preset humidity.

[0132] When the current ambient humidity is greater than the preset humidity, it is determined that the current failure state is the dry state; otherwise, it is determined that the current failure state is the all-air state.

[0133] Further, in some embodiments, when the current failure state is the ash accumulation state, the pre-activation module 300 includes:

[0134] The first determination unit is used to determine the bypass purge flow rate and bypass purge time before the fuel cell system is powered on;

[0135] The first processing unit is used to purge the bypass of the fuel cell system based on the bypass purge flow rate and bypass purge time, and perform starvation activation processing on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the second starvation activation strategy.

[0136] Further, in some embodiments, when the current failure state is the dry state, the pre-activation module 300 includes:

[0137] The second determination unit is used to determine the first loading current, operating temperature, air flow rate, and preset humidification duration after the fuel cell system is powered on;

[0138] The humidification processing unit is used to humidify the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system based on the loading current, operating temperature, and air flow rate, and restore the initial operating temperature and air flow rate when the first duration of the humidification processing meets the preset humidification duration.

[0139] Further, in some embodiments, when the current failure state is the all-air state, the pre-activation module 300 includes:

[0140] The third determination unit is used to determine the first nitrogen purge duration, the first circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and the first opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve when the fuel cell system is powered on;

[0141] The nitrogen purge unit is used to perform an initial nitrogen purge operation on the fuel cell system based on the first nitrogen purge duration, the first circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and the first opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve.

[0142] Further, in some embodiments, when the current failure state is the all-air state and the stack state is the single-low state, before performing starvation activation processing on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, the starvation activation module 400 is further used for:

[0143] Determine the second nitrogen purge duration, the second circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve when the fuel cell system is powered on;

[0144] Based on the second nitrogen purging duration, the second circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve, a deep nitrogen purging operation is performed on the fuel cell system.

[0145] Further, in some embodiments, the starvation activation module 400 is specifically configured to:

[0146] Determine the second pull load current and the preset activation duration before the clamping potential after the fuel cell system is shut down, perform activation processing before the clamping potential on the fuel cell system based on the second pull load current, and when the second duration of the activation processing before the clamping potential meets the preset activation duration before the clamping potential, introduce air to control the operation of the fuel cell system.

[0147] Further, in some embodiments, the first processing unit is specifically configured to:

[0148] Based on a preset strategy for reducing the air stoichiometry ratio, reduce the air stoichiometry ratio after the fuel cell system is started up to a second preset threshold, and operate the fuel cell system under preset current conditions.

[0149] Further, in some embodiments, after determining whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state after the pre-activation processing is completed, the pre-activation module 300 is further configured to:

[0150] When the stack state is not a single low state, control the fuel cell system to start up and operate.

[0151] It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the embodiments of the pre-activation method for the fuel cell system also applies to the pre-activation device of the fuel cell system in this embodiment, and will not be elaborated here.

[0152] According to the pre-activation device of the fuel cell system proposed in the embodiments of the present application, by obtaining the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system, and when the shutdown duration is greater than the preset duration, determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value, and after the pre-activation processing of the fuel cell system is completed according to the current failure state, determining whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state; if the stack state is a single low state, perform starvation activation processing on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, and control the operation of the fuel cell system after the processing is completed. Thus, by analyzing the state of the fuel cell system and adopting different recovery activation processing methods for the fuel cell system according to different states, the problem that the performance of the fuel cell stack deteriorates after assembly or long-term non-operation is solved, the stack is activated quickly and efficiently, and the stack reaches the best performance output.

[0153] Figure 5 The structural schematic diagram of the vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present invention. The vehicle may include:

[0154] A memory 501, a processor 502, and a computer program stored on the memory 501 and executable on the processor 502.

[0155] When the processor 502 executes the program, it implements the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system provided in the above embodiments.

[0156] Furthermore, the vehicle further includes:

[0157] A communication interface 503 for communication between the memory 501 and the processor 502.

[0158] The memory 501 is used to store a computer program executable on the processor 502.

[0159] The memory 501 may include a high-speed RAM (Random Access Memory) memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory.

[0160] If the memory 501, the processor 502, and the communication interface 503 are implemented independently, the communication interface 503, the memory 501, and the processor 502 can be interconnected via a bus to complete communication with each other. The bus can be an ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) bus, a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus, or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus, etc. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 5 only a thick line is shown in the figure, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0161] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 501, the processor 502, and the communication interface 503 are integrated on a single chip, the memory 501, the processor 502, and the communication interface 503 can complete communication with each other through an internal interface.

[0162] The processor 502 may be a CPU (Central Processing Unit), or an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present invention.

[0163] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system as described above is implemented.

[0164] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0165] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "an embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, without conflict, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples.

[0166] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pre-activation method for a fuel cell system, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtain the downtime duration of the fuel cell system; If the shutdown time is longer than the preset time, the current ambient humidity and the current dust value at the inlet of the fuel cell system are obtained, and the current failure state of the fuel cell system is determined according to the current ambient humidity and the current dust value; Performing a pre-activation process on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state, and determining whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state after the pre-activation process is completed; as well as If the stack state is the single low state, starvation activation treatment is performed on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on a first starvation activation strategy, and the operation of the fuel cell system is controlled after the starvation activation treatment is completed.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current ambient humidity and the current dust value includes: If the current dust value is greater than a first preset threshold, the current failure state is determined to be a dust accumulation state, otherwise, whether the current ambient humidity is greater than a preset humidity is determined; If the current environmental humidity is greater than the preset humidity, the current failure state is determined to be a dry state; otherwise, the current failure state is determined to be a full air state.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The current failure state is the dust accumulation state, and the pre-activation process of the fuel cell system according to the current failure state includes: Determining a bypass purge flow rate and a bypass purge time before starting the fuel cell system; The bypass of the fuel cell system is purged based on the bypass purge flow rate and the bypass purge time, and a starvation activation process is performed on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on a second starvation activation strategy.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The current failure state is the dry state, and the pre-activation process of the fuel cell system according to the current failure state includes: Determining a first load current, operating temperature, air flow rate, and preset humidification time of the fuel cell system after startup; Based on the load current, the operating temperature and the air flow, the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system is humidified, and when the first duration of the humidification treatment meets the preset humidification duration, the initial operating temperature and air flow are restored.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The current failure state is the full air state, and the pre-activation process of the fuel cell system according to the current failure state includes: Determining a first nitrogen discharge duration, a first circulation flow rate of a hydrogen circuit, and a first opening frequency of a hydrogen discharge valve when the fuel cell system is started; An initial nitrogen discharge operation is performed on the fuel cell system based on the first nitrogen discharge time, the first circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit and the first opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The current failure state is the full air state. If the stack state is the single low state, before performing starvation activation on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, the method further includes: Determining a second nitrogen exhaust time, a second circulation flow rate of the hydrogen circuit, and a second opening frequency of the hydrogen exhaust valve when the fuel cell system is started; Based on the second nitrogen exhaust time, the second circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen exhaust valve, a deep nitrogen exhaust operation is performed on the fuel cell system.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of performing starvation activation on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy comprises: Determine a second load current and a preset activation time before clamping the fuel cell system after shutdown, perform a pre-clamping activation treatment on the fuel cell system based on the second load current, and when a second duration of the pre-clamping activation treatment meets the preset activation time before clamping the fuel cell system, introduce air to control the operation of the fuel cell system.

8. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The step of performing starvation activation on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the second starvation activation strategy includes: The air stoichiometric ratio of the fuel cell system after startup is reduced to a second preset threshold value based on a preset air stoichiometric ratio reduction strategy, and the fuel cell system is operated under a preset current condition.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the pre-activation process is completed, it is determined whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state, and the method further includes: If the stack state is not the single low state, the fuel cell system is controlled to start and run.

10. A pre-activation device for a fuel cell system, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module, used to acquire the downtime duration of the fuel cell system; a determination module, configured to obtain the current ambient humidity and the current dust value at the inlet of the fuel cell system when the shutdown time is greater than a preset time, and determine the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current ambient humidity and the current dust value; A pre-activation module, used for performing a pre-activation process on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state, and determining whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state after the pre-activation process is completed; as well as A starvation activation module is used to perform starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on a first starvation activation strategy when the stack state is the single low state, and control the operation of the fuel cell system after the starvation activation treatment is completed.

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