Method and apparatus for pre-activation of a fuel cell system

Abstract

The application relates to a pre-activation method and device of a fuel cell system. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system; if the shutdown duration is longer than a preset duration, determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value; judging whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state after the pre-activation treatment of the fuel cell system according to the current failure state is completed; if the stack state is a single low state, performing a starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on a first starvation activation strategy, and controlling the fuel cell system to run after the treatment is completed. Therefore, by analyzing the state of the fuel cell system and adopting different recovery activation treatment modes for the fuel cell system according to different states, the problem that the performance of the fuel cell stack is reduced after long-time non-operation or after the fuel cell stack is assembled is solved, the stack is quickly and efficiently activated, and the optimal performance output of the stack is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fuel cell, in particular to a pre-activation method and device of fuel cell system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, the global energy crisis and environmental pollution continue to intensify, in order to alleviate environmental pollution, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, fuel cell technology provides a new technical route. Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is a clean and environmentally friendly electrochemical power generation device, due to its small size, light weight, mild operating conditions, high energy conversion efficiency, simple structure and rapid response, etc. It is very suitable for portable power supply and transportation tools, therefore, fuel cell is considered to be the preferred clean and efficient power generation device in the 21st century, and countries around the world are actively developing fuel cell electric vehicles with fuel cell stack modules as the main power source. The efficient output of the performance of the vehicle-mounted fuel cell stack has practical application value, in order to make the fuel cell stack maximize the performance output, after the completion of the stack assembly, or after a long time of non-working, the stack needs to be activated accordingly.

[0003] In related technologies, the activation method of the fuel cell stack is to gradually restore the performance of the stack by circulating the current load of the polarization current.

[0004] However, this method is only for fuel cell stacks, and does not analyze the state of the fuel cell system and perform different recovery and activation treatments according to different states, which needs to be improved. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a pre-activation method and device of fuel cell system, to solve the problem of performance decline of fuel cell stack after assembly or long time non-working, and to quickly and efficiently activate the stack to achieve optimal performance output.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the first aspect of the present application provides a pre-activation method of fuel cell system, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Obtain the downtime of the fuel cell system;

[0008] If the downtime is greater than the preset time, obtain the current environmental humidity and the current dust value of the fuel cell system inlet, and determine the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value;

[0009] performing pre-activation treatment on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state, and judging whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state after the pre-activation treatment is completed; and

[0010] if the stack state is the single low state, performing starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on a first starvation activation strategy, and controlling the fuel cell system to run after the starvation activation treatment is completed.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present application, the determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current ambient humidity and the current dust value comprises:

[0012] if the current dust value is greater than a first preset threshold, determining that the current failure state is a dust accumulation state, otherwise, judging whether the current ambient humidity is greater than a preset humidity;

[0013] if the current ambient humidity is greater than the preset humidity, determining that the current failure state is a dry state, otherwise, determining that the current failure state is an all-air state.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present application, the current failure state is the dust accumulation state, and the performing pre-activation treatment on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state comprises:

[0015] determining a bypass purge flow and a bypass purge time before the fuel cell system is started;

[0016] purging a bypass of the fuel cell system based on the bypass purge flow and the bypass purge time, and performing starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on a second starvation activation strategy.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present application, the current failure state is the dry state, and the performing pre-activation treatment on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state comprises:

[0018] determining a first pull current, an operating temperature, an air flow and a preset humidification time length after the fuel cell system is started;

[0019] performing humidification treatment on a membrane electrode of the fuel cell system based on the pull current, the operating temperature and the air flow, and restoring an initial operating temperature and an air flow when a first duration of the humidification treatment satisfies the preset humidification time length.

[0020] According to an embodiment of the present application, the current failure state is the all-air state, and the performing pre-activation treatment on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state comprises:

[0021] determining a first nitrogen purging duration, a first circulation flow of the hydrogen loop and a first opening frequency of the hydrogen exhaust valve when the fuel cell system is started;

[0022] performing initial nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell system based on the first nitrogen purging duration, the first circulation flow of the hydrogen loop and the first opening frequency of the hydrogen exhaust valve.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present application, the current failure state is the full-air state, and if the stack state is the single-low state, before performing starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on a first starvation activation strategy, the method further comprises:

[0024] determining a second nitrogen purging duration, a second circulation flow of the hydrogen loop and a second opening frequency of the hydrogen exhaust valve when the fuel cell system is started;

[0025] performing deep nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell system based on the second nitrogen purging duration, the second circulation flow of the hydrogen loop and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen exhaust valve.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the present application, the starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy comprises:

[0027] determining a second load current and a preset activation duration before clamping potential after the fuel cell system is shut down, performing activation treatment before clamping potential on the fuel cell system based on the second load current, and when a second duration of the activation treatment before clamping potential meets the preset activation duration before clamping potential, controlling the fuel cell system to run by inputting air.

[0028] According to one embodiment of the present application, the starvation activation treatment on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the second starvation activation strategy comprises:

[0029] reducing the air stoichiometric ratio of the fuel cell system after starting to a second preset threshold value based on a preset air stoichiometric ratio reduction strategy, and running the fuel cell system under a preset current condition.

[0030] According to one embodiment of the present application, after determining whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is the single-low state after the pre-activation treatment is completed, the method further comprises:

[0031] If the stack state is not the single-low state, the fuel cell system is controlled to start and run.

[0032] According to the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system provided in the embodiments of the present application, the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system is obtained, and when the shutdown duration is greater than a preset duration, the current failure state of the fuel cell system is determined according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value. After the pre-activation processing of the fuel cell system according to the current failure state is completed, it is judged whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state. If the stack state is a single low state, the cathode of the fuel cell system is subjected to starvation activation processing based on a first starvation activation strategy, and after the processing is completed, the fuel cell system is controlled to run. In this way, by analyzing the state of the fuel cell system and taking different recovery activation processing modes for the fuel cell system according to different states, the problem of performance decline of the fuel cell stack after long-term non-operation or after assembly is solved, and the stack is quickly and efficiently activated to make the stack achieve optimal performance output.

[0033] To achieve the above object, the second aspect of the present application provides a pre-activation device of a fuel cell system, comprising:

[0034] The acquisition module is configured to obtain the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system.

[0035] The determination module is configured to, when the shutdown duration is greater than a preset duration, obtain the current environmental humidity and the current dust value at the inlet of the fuel cell system, and determine the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value.

[0036] The pre-activation module is configured to perform pre-activation processing on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state, and judge whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state after the pre-activation processing is completed.

[0037] The starvation activation module is configured to, when the stack state is the single low state, perform starvation activation processing on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on a first starvation activation strategy, and control the fuel cell system to run after the starvation activation processing is completed.

[0038] According to an embodiment of the present application, the determination module is specifically configured to:

[0039] When the current dust value is greater than a first preset threshold, it is determined that the current failure state is a dust accumulation state, otherwise, it is judged whether the current environmental humidity is greater than a preset humidity.

[0040] When the current environmental humidity is greater than a preset humidity, it is determined that the current failure state is a dry state, otherwise, it is determined that the current failure state is a full air state.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present application, the current failure state is the dust accumulation state, and the pre-activation module comprises:

[0042] a first determination unit, configured to determine a bypass purging flow rate and a bypass purging time before the fuel cell system is started;

[0043] a first processing unit, configured to purge a bypass of the fuel cell system based on the bypass purging flow rate and the bypass purging time, and perform a starvation activation process on a cathode of the fuel cell system based on a second starvation activation strategy.

[0044] According to an embodiment of the present application, the current failure state is the dry state, and the pre-activation module comprises:

[0045] a second determination unit, configured to determine a first load current, an operating temperature, an air flow rate and a preset humidification duration after the fuel cell system is started;

[0046] a humidification processing unit, configured to perform a humidification process on a membrane electrode of the fuel cell system based on the load current, the operating temperature and the air flow rate, and restore an initial operating temperature and an initial air flow rate when a first duration of the humidification process meets the preset humidification duration.

[0047] According to an embodiment of the present application, the current failure state is the full-air state, and the pre-activation module comprises:

[0048] a third determination unit, configured to determine a first nitrogen discharging duration, a first circulation flow rate of a hydrogen loop and a first opening frequency of a hydrogen discharge valve when the fuel cell system is started;

[0049] a nitrogen discharging unit, configured to perform an initial nitrogen discharging operation on the fuel cell system based on the first nitrogen discharging duration, the first circulation flow rate of the hydrogen loop and the first opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve.

[0050] According to an embodiment of the present application, the current failure state is the full-air state, and if the stack state is the single-low state, before performing a starvation activation process on a cathode of the fuel cell system based on a first starvation activation strategy, the starvation activation module is further configured to:

[0051] determine a second nitrogen discharging duration, a second circulation flow rate of a hydrogen loop and a second opening frequency of a hydrogen discharge valve when the fuel cell system is started;

[0052] perform a deep nitrogen discharging operation on the fuel cell system based on the second nitrogen discharging duration, the second circulation flow rate of the hydrogen loop and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve.

[0053] According to an embodiment of the present application, the starvation activation module is specifically configured to:

[0054] determine a second pre-activation duration before the clamping potential for a second pull current of the fuel cell system after shutdown of the fuel cell system, perform pre-activation processing before the clamping potential of the fuel cell system based on the second pull current, and control the fuel cell system to run by inputting air when a second duration of the pre-activation processing before the clamping potential meets the second pre-activation duration before the clamping potential.

[0055] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first processing unit is specifically used for:

[0056] reduce the air metering ratio of the fuel cell system after startup of the fuel cell system to a second preset threshold based on a preset air metering ratio reduction strategy, and run the fuel cell system under a preset current condition.

[0057] According to an embodiment of the present application, after determining whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is the single-low state after completion of the pre-activation processing, the pre-activation module is further used for:

[0058] When the stack state is not the single-low state, control the fuel cell system to start up and run.

[0059] According to the pre-activation device of the fuel cell system provided in the embodiments of the present application, by obtaining the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system, and when the shutdown duration is greater than a preset duration, determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value, and determining whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is the single-low state after completion of the pre-activation processing of the fuel cell system according to the current failure state, if the stack state is the single-low state, performing starvation activation processing of the cathode of the fuel cell system based on a first starvation activation strategy, and controlling the fuel cell system to run after completion of the processing. In this way, by analyzing the state of the fuel cell system and taking different recovery activation processing modes according to different states, the problem of performance decline of the fuel cell stack after long-time non-operation or after completion of assembly is solved, and the stack is quickly and efficiently activated, so that the stack reaches the optimal performance output.

[0060] To achieve the above object, the third aspect of the present application provides a vehicle, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor executes the program to implement the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system as described in the above embodiments.

[0061] To achieve the above object, the fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and the program is executed by a processor to implement the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system as described in the above embodiments.

[0062] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0063] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0064] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a pre-activation method for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the dust sensor according to an embodiment of this application;

[0066] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of another pre-activation method for a fuel cell system provided according to an embodiment of this application.

[0067] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of a pre-activation device for a fuel cell system provided according to an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle provided according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0069] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0070] The pre-activation method and apparatus for a fuel cell system according to embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, the pre-activation method for a fuel cell system according to embodiments of this application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0071] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a pre-activation method for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0072] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the pre-activation method for this fuel cell system includes the following steps:

[0073] In step S101, the downtime of the fuel cell system is obtained.

[0074] It can be understood that the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system can be obtained by various means, for example, a shutdown log is designed for the fuel cell system, and the system can automatically record the shutdown duration each time the system is shut down, and the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system can be obtained by checking the log, and the like, and the manner of obtaining the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system is not limited here.

[0075] In step S102, if the shutdown duration is greater than the preset duration, the current environmental humidity and the current dust value of the fuel cell system inlet are obtained, and the current failure state of the fuel cell system is determined according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value.

[0076] The preset duration can be set by a person skilled in the art in advance, can be obtained by a limited number of experiments, or can be obtained by a limited number of computer simulations, and is not limited here. The failure state refers to a situation that causes the performance of the stack to decrease due to the long shutdown of the current fuel cell system.

[0077] That is, after obtaining the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system, if the shutdown duration is greater than the preset duration, it indicates that the fuel cell system has been shut down for a long time, and the stack can be quickly and efficiently activated. The current environmental humidity and the current dust value of the fuel cell system inlet can be obtained, the current environmental humidity can be obtained according to the current weather forecast or the humidity sensor, and the current dust value can be measured by a dust sensor, as shown in FIG. 1, to determine the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value, and to prepare for subsequent activation of the fuel cell system. Figure 2

[0078] The following will explain in detail how to determine the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value.

[0079] As a possible implementation manner, in some embodiments, determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value includes: if the current dust value is greater than a first preset threshold, determining that the current failure state is a dust accumulation state, otherwise, determining whether the current environmental humidity is greater than a preset humidity; if the current environmental humidity is greater than the preset humidity, determining that the current failure state is a dry state, otherwise, determining that the current failure state is an all-air state.

[0080] ​It is understandable that, due to factors such as the inlet throttle valve used in fuel cell systems not being completely sealed, and the lower limit of the particle diameter of the air filter (i.e., the device that removes particulate impurities from the air), after a fuel cell vehicle has been shut down for an extended period in dusty or oily environments, a significant amount of dust and oil will accumulate inside the air filter, air compressor chamber, and intake pipe. Once the fuel cell system is turned on, these tiny dust and oil particles will enter the fuel cell stack, causing blockages, catalyst poisoning, and other phenomena, thereby leading to a decline in the performance of the fuel cell stack. In this application embodiment, this failure state is named the dust accumulation state. Furthermore, because the inlet and outlet throttle valves used in fuel cell systems are not completely sealed, in relatively dry environments with prolonged shutdown, a large amount of water molecules diffuse inside the membrane electrode assembly. This results in the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) being in a very dry state. When the fuel cell system is started under these conditions, the MEA's efficiency will be very low. This embodiment of the application names this failure state as the dry state. Since the intake and exhaust throttle valves used in the fuel cell system are not completely sealed, after a long period of shutdown, the anode and cathode inside the stack are in a state of full air. The microscopic space between the gas diffusion layer, catalyst particles, and the MEA is filled with air molecules. If a normal start-up nitrogen purging process is used under these conditions, the oxygen molecules inside the anode gas diffusion layer, catalyst, and MEA microscopic space cannot be completely purged. When the fuel cell system is started up and the load current is brought to a high potential, carbon corrosion will occur, thereby affecting the durability of the stack. This embodiment of the application names this failure state as the full air state.

[0081] Specifically, the criteria for determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system as a dust accumulation state include: ① the downtime of the fuel cell system is greater than or equal to a first threshold (calibrable); ② the current dust value (i.e., PM2.5 value) at the inlet of the fuel cell system is greater than a first preset threshold (calibrable); the criteria for determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system as a dry state include: ① the downtime of the fuel cell system is greater than or equal to a second threshold (calibrable); ② the current ambient humidity is low and greater than a preset humidity (calibrable); the criteria for determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system as an all-air state include: ① the downtime of the fuel cell system is greater than or equal to a third threshold (calibrable); ② the pressure in the cathode cavity of the fuel cell stack is equal to atmospheric pressure.

[0082] In step S103, the fuel cell system is pre-activated according to the current failure state, and after the pre-activation process is completed, it is determined whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state.

[0083] That is, after determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value, the pre-activation strategy of the fuel cell system can be determined according to the current failure state, different failure states can take corresponding pre-activation strategies to pre-activate the fuel cell system, so that the stack reaches the optimal performance output, and after pre-activating the fuel cell system according to the pre-activation strategy, it is further judged whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state.

[0084] For ease of understanding, how to pre-activate the fuel cell system according to the current failure state is described in detail below.

[0085] As a possible implementation, in some embodiments, the current failure state is the dust accumulation state, and the pre-activation of the fuel cell system according to the current failure state includes: determining the bypass purge flow and the bypass purge time before the fuel cell system is started; based on the bypass purge flow and the bypass purge time, the bypass of the fuel cell system is purged, and the cathode of the fuel cell system is starved activated based on the second starved activation strategy.

[0086] Specifically, when it is determined that the current failure state of the fuel cell system is the dust accumulation state, a bypass large amount of air purge operation can be performed before the fuel cell system is started, the bypass purge flow (which can be calibrated) and the bypass purge time (which can be calibrated) before the fuel cell system is started are determined, based on the bypass purge flow and the bypass purge time, the bypass of the fuel cell system is purged, after the purge is completed, the fuel cell system is started, and after the fuel cell system is started and runs, the cathode of the fuel cell system is starved activated based on the second starved activation strategy.

[0087] In some embodiments, the starved activation of the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the second starved activation strategy includes: reducing the air metering ratio after the fuel cell system is started to a second preset threshold based on a preset air metering ratio reduction strategy, and running the fuel cell system under a preset current condition.

[0088] Specifically, based on the preset air metering ratio reduction strategy, the air metering ratio after the fuel cell system is started is reduced to a second preset threshold (which can be calibrated), and the fuel cell system is run under a preset current condition, wherein the preset current condition is that the environmental humidity is greater than 70% and the working temperature is greater than 60°C, that is, the fuel cell system anode and cathode are run under the condition that the environmental humidity is greater than 70% and the working temperature is greater than 60°C, so as to slow down the degree of ion poisoning.

[0089] Optionally, in some embodiments, the current failure state is a dry state, and the pre-activation treatment of the fuel cell system according to the current failure state comprises: determining a first pull current, an operating temperature, an air flow and a preset humidification time length after the fuel cell system is started; and performing humidification treatment on the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system based on the pull current, the operating temperature and the air flow, and restoring the initial operating temperature and the air flow when the first duration of the humidification treatment meets the preset humidification time length.

[0090] Specifically, when it is determined that the current failure state of the fuel cell system is a dry state, the membrane electrode can be subjected to rapid humidification treatment, that is, a first pull current, an operating temperature, an air flow and a preset humidification time length after the fuel cell system is started are determined, and the pull current is pulled to the first pull current, such as 0.5 A / cm 2 ; the operating temperature of the fuel cell system is appropriately lowered, and the temperature drop can cause the humidity to increase, thereby generating more water remaining in the stack, which, through diffusion and electromigration, increases the water content of the membrane electrode, thereby achieving rapid humidification; the air flow is reduced to a sixth threshold value (which can be calibrated) to reduce water discharge; and the initial operating temperature and the air flow are restored when the above operation meets the preset humidification time length (which can be calibrated).

[0091] Optionally, in some embodiments, the current failure state is a full-air state, and the pre-activation treatment of the fuel cell system according to the current failure state comprises: determining a first nitrogen discharge time length, a first circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit and a first opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve when the fuel cell system is started; and performing initial nitrogen discharge operation on the fuel cell system based on the first nitrogen discharge time length, the first circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit and the first opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve.

[0092] Specifically, when it is determined that the current failure state of the fuel cell system is a full-air state, nitrogen discharge operation can be added during the clamping potential process of the fuel cell system, and since the anode of the fuel cell system accumulates a certain amount of nitrogen, which affects the normal operation of the fuel cell system, nitrogen discharge operation is required. The first nitrogen discharge time length (which can be calibrated), the first circulation flow (which can be calibrated) of the hydrogen circuit and the first opening frequency (which can be calibrated) of the hydrogen discharge valve are determined when the fuel cell system is started, and increasing the circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit to a calibrated value can deeply purge the micro space between the gas diffusion layer and the catalyst particles.

[0093] In step S104, if the stack state is a single low state, the cathode of the fuel cell system is subjected to starvation activation treatment based on a first starvation activation strategy, and the fuel cell system is controlled to operate after the starvation activation treatment is completed.

[0094] The single low state refers to the performance of individual cells in the fuel cell stack being lower than the average level of the entire stack after the fuel cell system is started up again after a long shutdown. The factors causing the single low state are complex, but in the case of a long shutdown, the single low state is generally caused by the following factors: ① local pollution in the fuel cell stack caused by dust or oil stains in the ash state; ② local dryness in the fuel cell stack; ③ incomplete purging of impurity gases in the gas diffusion layer of the membrane electrode at the time of starting up.

[0095] The basis for determining that the fuel cell stack is in the single low state includes: ① the difference between the CVM (Cell Voltage Monitor) of the stack is greater than a fourth threshold value (such as 30 mV), and ② the duration of the single low state is greater than a fifth threshold value (such as 5 s).

[0096] That is, when it is determined that the stack state of the fuel cell system is in the single low state after the pre-activation treatment is completed, the cathode of the fuel cell system is subjected to the starvation activation treatment based on the first starvation activation strategy, and the fuel cell system is controlled to operate normally after the starvation activation treatment is completed.

[0097] In some embodiments, the starvation activation treatment of the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy includes: determining a second pull current after the fuel cell system is shut down and a pre-set activation duration before the clamping potential, performing activation treatment of the fuel cell system before the clamping potential based on the second pull current, and when the second duration of the activation treatment before the clamping potential meets the pre-set activation duration before the clamping potential, air is introduced to control the fuel cell system to operate.

[0098] Specifically, the second pull current after the fuel cell system is shut down and the pre-set activation duration before the clamping potential are determined, the fuel cell system is quickly shut down, activation treatment before the clamping potential is performed, and before the fuel cell system is started up for clamping potential operation, the cathode of the fuel cell system is filled with nitrogen, the temperature is high, and a large amount of water is retained. At this time, no air is provided, a small current is pulled, the pull current is pulled to the second pull current (which can be calibrated), the fuel cell stack is in the LSV (Linear Sweep Voltammetry) state, and due to the reducing property of hydrogen, the partial cathode poisoning sites can be recovered. When the duration of the activation treatment before the clamping potential meets the pre-set activation duration before the clamping potential (which can be calibrated), air is introduced to control the fuel cell system to operate normally.

[0099] Further, in some embodiments, the current failure state is an all-air state, and if the stack state is a single-low state, before the cathode of the fuel cell system is starved activated based on the first starved activation strategy, the method further comprises: determining a second nitrogen purging duration, a second circulation flow rate of the hydrogen loop, and a second opening frequency of the hydrogen exhaust valve when the fuel cell system is started; and performing deep nitrogen purging on the fuel cell system based on the second nitrogen purging duration, the second circulation flow rate of the hydrogen loop, and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen exhaust valve.

[0100] That is, the current failure state is an all-air state, and if it is determined that the stack state is a single-low state during the nitrogen purging process, before the cathode of the fuel cell system is starved activated based on the first starved activation strategy, the nitrogen purging duration, the circulation flow rate of the hydrogen loop, and the opening frequency of the hydrogen exhaust valve can be further increased, that is, a second nitrogen purging duration (which can be calibrated), a second circulation flow rate of the hydrogen loop (which can be calibrated), and a second opening frequency of the hydrogen exhaust valve (which can be calibrated) are determined when the fuel cell system is started, and deep nitrogen purging is performed on the fuel cell system based on the second nitrogen purging duration, the second circulation flow rate of the hydrogen loop, and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen exhaust valve.

[0101] Further, in some embodiments, after it is determined whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single-low state after the pre-activation process is completed, the method further comprises: if the stack state is not a single-low state, starting the fuel cell system and operating it.

[0102] That is, after the pre-activation process of the fuel cell system according to the current failure state is completed, if it is determined that the stack state of the fuel cell system is not a single-low state, the fuel cell system can be directly started and operated.

[0103] To make the skilled in the art further understand the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system proposed by the embodiments of the present application, the following will combine Figure 3 with specific examples to further illustrate the present application.

[0104] As shown in Figure 3 , the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system comprises the following steps:

[0105] Step S301: determining whether the fuel system shutdown duration is greater than or equal to a preset duration. If yes, step S302 is executed, otherwise, steps S308-S309 are executed.

[0106] Step S302: starting the water pump and opening the small circulation; starting the air compressor and opening the bypass at 100%.

[0107] Step S303a: determining whether the PM2.5 value of the fuel cell system inlet is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold, if yes, step S304a is executed, otherwise, step S303b is executed.

[0108] Step S304a, (the current failure state of the fuel cell system is dust state (i.e. Dust state)) bypass atmospheric purge process is performed.

[0109] Step S305a, the first step of the starvation activation process is performed on the cathode of the fuel cell system.

[0110] Step S306a, it is judged whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is single low state. If yes, step S307a and step S309 are executed, otherwise, steps S308-S309 are executed.

[0111] Step S307a, (the stack state of the fuel cell system is single low state) the second step of the starvation activation process is performed on the cathode of the fuel cell system.

[0112] Step S303b, it is judged whether the fuel cell system is in dry zone (i.e. whether the current ambient humidity is greater than the preset humidity). If yes, step S304b is executed, otherwise, step S304c is executed.

[0113] Step S304b, (the current failure state of the fuel cell system is dry state (i.e. Dry state)) humidification process is performed on the fuel cell system.

[0114] Step S305b, it is judged whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is single low state. If yes, step S306b and step S309 are executed, otherwise, steps S308-S309 are executed.

[0115] Step S306b, (the stack state of the fuel cell system is single low state) the second step of the starvation activation process is performed on the cathode of the fuel cell system.

[0116] Step S304c, (the current failure state of the fuel cell system is air state (i.e. Air state)) nitrogen purging operation is performed on the fuel cell system.

[0117] Step S305c, it is judged whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is single low state. If yes, step S306c, step S307c and step S309 are executed, otherwise, steps S308-S309 are executed.

[0118] Step S306c, (the stack state of the fuel cell system is single low state) the nitrogen purging operation is further enhanced.

[0119] Step S307c, the second step of the starvation activation process is performed on the cathode of the fuel cell system.

[0120] Step S308, the fuel cell system is normally started.

[0121] Step S309, the fuel cell system is in normal operation.

[0122] According to the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system provided in the embodiments of the present application, by obtaining the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system, and when the shutdown duration is greater than the preset duration, the current failure state of the fuel cell system is determined according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value, and after the pre-activation processing of the fuel cell system according to the current failure state is completed, it is judged whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is single low state; if the stack state is single low state, the cathode of the fuel cell system is starved activated based on the first starved activation strategy, and after the processing is completed, the fuel cell system is controlled to run. Therefore, by analyzing the state of the fuel cell system and taking different recovery activation processing modes according to different states, the problem of performance decline of the fuel cell stack after long-term non-operation or after assembly is solved, and the stack is quickly and efficiently activated to make the stack achieve optimal performance output.

[0123] Next, the pre-activation device of the fuel cell system according to the embodiments of the present application is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0124] Figure 4 is a block schematic diagram of the pre-activation device of the fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0125] As shown in Figure 4 , the pre-activation device 10 of the fuel cell system includes an obtaining module 100, a determining module 200, a pre-activation module 300 and a starved activation module 400.

[0126] The obtaining module 100 is configured to obtain the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system.

[0127] The determining module 200 is configured to, when the shutdown duration is greater than the preset duration, obtain the current environmental humidity and the current dust value at the inlet of the fuel cell system, and determine the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value.

[0128] The pre-activation module 300 is configured to perform pre-activation processing on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state, and after the pre-activation processing is completed, it is judged whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is single low state.

[0129] The starved activation module 400 is configured to, when the stack state is single low state, perform starved activation processing on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starved activation strategy, and after the starved activation processing is completed, control the fuel cell system to run.

[0130] Further, in some embodiments, the determining module 200 is specifically configured to:

[0131] When the current dust value is greater than a first preset threshold, it is determined that the current failure state is a dust accumulation state, otherwise, it is determined whether the current ambient humidity is greater than a preset humidity;

[0132] When the current ambient humidity is greater than the preset humidity, it is determined that the current failure state is a dry state, otherwise, it is determined that the current failure state is an all-air state.

[0133] Further, in some embodiments, when the current failure state is the dust accumulation state, the pre-activation module 300 comprises:

[0134] The first determination unit is configured to determine a bypass purge flow and a bypass purge time before the fuel cell system is started;

[0135] The first processing unit is configured to purge the bypass of the fuel cell system based on the bypass purge flow and the bypass purge time, and perform a starvation activation process on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on a first starvation activation strategy.

[0136] Further, in some embodiments, when the current failure state is the dry state, the pre-activation module 300 comprises:

[0137] The second determination unit is configured to determine a first load current, an operating temperature, an air flow, and a preset humidification duration after the fuel cell system is started;

[0138] The humidification processing unit is configured to perform a humidification process on the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system based on the load current, the operating temperature, and the air flow, and restore the initial operating temperature and the air flow when a first duration of the humidification process satisfies the preset humidification duration.

[0139] Further, in some embodiments, when the current failure state is the all-air state, the pre-activation module 300 comprises:

[0140] The third determination unit is configured to determine a first nitrogen discharge duration, a first circulation flow of a hydrogen circuit, and a first opening frequency of a hydrogen discharge valve when the fuel cell system is started;

[0141] The nitrogen discharge unit is configured to perform an initial nitrogen discharge operation on the fuel cell system based on the first nitrogen discharge duration, the first circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit, and the first opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve.

[0142] Further, in some embodiments, when the current failure state is the all-air state, if the stack state is a single low state, before performing the starvation activation process on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, the starvation activation module 400 is further configured to:

[0143] determine a second nitrogen discharge duration, a second circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit, and a second opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve when the fuel cell system is started;

[0144] Based on the second nitrogen purging time length, the second circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen purging valve, the fuel cell system is subjected to deep nitrogen purging operation.

[0145] Further, in some embodiments, the starvation activation module 400 is specifically used for:

[0146] The second pull current and the preset activation time length before clamping potential of the fuel cell system after shutdown are determined, the fuel cell system is subjected to activation treatment before clamping potential based on the second pull current, and when the second duration of the activation treatment before clamping potential meets the preset activation time length before clamping potential, air is introduced to control the fuel cell system to run.

[0147] Further, in some embodiments, the first processing unit is specifically used for:

[0148] The air stoichiometry of the fuel cell system after startup is reduced to a second preset threshold based on a preset air stoichiometry reduction strategy, and the fuel cell system is run under a preset current condition.

[0149] Further, in some embodiments, after judging whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state after the pre-activation treatment is completed, the pre-activation module 300 is further used for:

[0150] When the stack state is not a single low state, the fuel cell system is controlled to start up and run.

[0151] It should be noted that the foregoing explanation and description of the pre-activation method embodiment of the fuel cell system also applies to the pre-activation device of the fuel cell system of this embodiment, which will not be described here again.

[0152] According to the pre-activation device of the fuel cell system provided in the embodiments of the present application, by acquiring the shutdown time length of the fuel cell system, and when the shutdown time length is greater than a preset time length, the current failure state of the fuel cell system is determined according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value, and after the pre-activation treatment of the fuel cell system according to the current failure state is completed, it is judged whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state; if the stack state is a single low state, the cathode of the fuel cell system is subjected to starvation activation treatment based on a first starvation activation strategy, and after the treatment is completed, the fuel cell system is controlled to run. Therefore, by analyzing the state of the fuel cell system and taking different recovery activation treatment methods according to different states, the problem of performance decline of the fuel cell stack after long-term non-operation or after assembly is solved, and the stack is quickly and efficiently activated to make the stack achieve optimal performance output.

[0153] Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of a vehicle is provided for the embodiments of the present application. The vehicle can include:

[0154] The memory 501, the processor 502 and the computer program stored in the memory 501 and executable on the processor 502.

[0155] The processor 502 implements the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system provided in the above embodiments when executing the program.

[0156] Further, the vehicle further comprises:

[0157] The communication interface 503 is used for communication between the memory 501 and the processor 502.

[0158] The memory 501 is used for storing the computer program executable on the processor 502.

[0159] The memory 501 can include a high-speed RAM (Random Access Memory) memory, and can also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory.

[0160] If the memory 501, the processor 502 and the communication interface 503 are implemented independently, the communication interface 503, the memory 501 and the processor 502 can be connected to each other through a bus and complete communication between each other. The bus can be an ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) bus, a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus, etc. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For the convenience of representation, Figure 5 In the figure, only one thick line is used to represent, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0161] Optionally, in specific implementation, if the memory 501, the processor 502 and the communication interface 503 are integrated on a chip, the memory 501, the processor 502 and the communication interface 503 can complete communication between each other through an internal interface.

[0162] The processor 502 can be a CPU (Central Processing Unit), or an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present application.

[0163] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the program is executed by a processor to realize the pre-activation method of the fuel cell system.

[0164] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used herein only to describe various circumstances, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.

[0165] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present application, the illustrative description of the above terms is not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, the skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the present application and the features of the different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0166] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present application, and the ordinary skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of pre-activation of a fuel cell system, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a shutdown duration of a fuel cell system; if the shutdown duration is greater than a preset duration, acquiring a current ambient humidity and a current dust value of an inlet of the fuel cell system, and determining a current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current ambient humidity and the current dust value; performing pre-activation processing on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state, and judging whether a stack state of the fuel cell system is a single-low state after the pre-activation processing is completed; if the stack state is the single-low state, performing starvation activation processing on a cathode of the fuel cell system based on a first starvation activation strategy, and controlling the fuel cell system to operate after the starvation activation processing is completed. The determination of the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current ambient humidity and the current dust value comprises:

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, if the current dust value is greater than a first preset threshold, determining that the current failure state is a dust accumulation state, otherwise, judging whether the current ambient humidity is greater than a preset humidity; if the current ambient humidity is greater than the preset humidity, determining that the current failure state is a dry state, otherwise, determining that the current failure state is a full-air state. The pre-activation processing on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state being the dust accumulation state comprises:

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, determining a bypass purging flow and a bypass purging time before the fuel cell system is started; purging a bypass of the fuel cell system based on the bypass purging flow and the bypass purging time, and performing starvation activation processing on a cathode of the fuel cell system based on a second starvation activation strategy. The pre-activation processing on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state being the dry state comprises:

4. The method of claim 2, wherein, determining a first pull current, a working temperature, an air flow and a preset humidification duration after the fuel cell system is started; based on the pull current, the working temperature and the air flow, performing humidification processing on a membrane electrode of the fuel cell system, and restoring an initial working temperature and an air flow when a first duration of the humidification processing satisfies the preset humidification duration. The pre-activation processing on the fuel cell system according to the current failure state being the full-air state comprises:

5. The method of claim 2, wherein, determining a first nitrogen purging duration, a first circulation flow of a hydrogen circuit and a first opening frequency of a hydrogen discharge valve when the fuel cell system is started; based on the first nitrogen purging duration, the first circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit and the first opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge valve, performing an initial nitrogen purging operation on the fuel cell system. If the stack state is the single-low state, before the starvation activation processing on the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy, the method further comprises:

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, determining a second nitrogen purging duration, a second circulation flow of a hydrogen circuit and a second opening frequency of a hydrogen discharge valve when the fuel cell system is started; ​ based on the second nitrogen purging duration, the second circulation flow of the hydrogen circuit and the second opening frequency of the hydrogen purging valve, the fuel cell system is operated in a deep nitrogen purging mode.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, The starvation activation of the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy comprises: determining a second pull current and a preset activation duration before a clamping potential after the fuel cell system is shut down, activating the fuel cell system before the clamping potential based on the second pull current, and controlling the fuel cell system to run when the second duration of the activation before the clamping potential meets the preset activation duration before the clamping potential.

8. The method of claim 3, wherein, The starvation activation of the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the second starvation activation strategy comprises: based on the preset air metering ratio reduction strategy, the air metering ratio after the fuel cell system is started is reduced to a second preset threshold, and the fuel cell system is operated under a preset current condition.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein, After determining whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state after the pre-activation process is completed, the method further comprises: If the stack state is not the single low state, the fuel cell system is started and operated.

10. A pre-activation device for a fuel cell system, characterized by Comprise: an acquisition module for acquiring the shutdown duration of the fuel cell system; a determination module for acquiring the current environmental humidity and the current dust value of the fuel cell system inlet when the shutdown duration is greater than a preset duration, and determining the current failure state of the fuel cell system according to the current environmental humidity and the current dust value; a pre-activation module for pre-activating the fuel cell system according to the current failure state, and determining whether the stack state of the fuel cell system is a single low state after the pre-activation process is completed; and a starvation activation module for starvation activating the cathode of the fuel cell system based on the first starvation activation strategy when the stack state is the single low state, and controlling the fuel cell system to run after the starvation activation process is completed.

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