Impedance matching network, all-optical network FTTR equipment and impedance matching method

Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention provide an impedance matching network, an all-optical fiber-to-transmitter (FTTR) device, and an impedance matching method. These devices comprise a multi-stage branch structure, each of which includes a resonant unit, each of which includes multiple resonant branches and a PIN transistor for sequentially electrically connecting the multiple resonant branches. This invention addresses the problems of poor broadband matching in related technologies, the difficulty in achieving independent optimization in different frequency bands, and the resulting reduction in signal transmission efficiency. It thereby supports dynamic multi-band switching, improves broadband matching, and enhances the performance and adaptability of FTTR devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications, and in particular to an impedance matching network, an all-optical network FTTR device, and an impedance matching method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) technology, fiber-to-the-room (FTTR) equipment has been widely used in homes, offices, and industrial settings. FTTR equipment needs to support efficient signal transmission across multiple frequency bands (such as WiFi 2.4GHz, 5GHz, and 6GHz) to achieve high-speed, stable network coverage. However, the impedance matching networks used in related technologies have the following problems: First, poor broadband matching results make it difficult to independently optimize different frequency bands, resulting in reduced signal transmission efficiency; second, inductor-capacitor (LC) matching circuits are expensive and bulky, making it difficult to meet the miniaturization and low-cost requirements of FTTR equipment; finally, parasitic effects are significant in high-frequency bands (such as 6GHz), increasing insertion loss and affecting signal stability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present invention provide an impedance matching network and an all-optical network FTTR device to at least solve the problems in the related art of poor broadband matching effect, difficulty in achieving independent optimization in different frequency bands, and reduced signal transmission efficiency.

[0004] According to one embodiment of the present invention, an impedance matching network is provided, comprising a multi-stage branch structure, wherein each stage of the branch structure comprises a resonance unit, and each resonance unit comprises a plurality of resonance branches and a PIN tube for electrically connecting the plurality of resonance branches in sequence.

[0005] According to another embodiment of the present invention, an all-optical network FTTR device is provided, comprising the above-mentioned impedance matching network.

[0006] According to another embodiment of the present invention, an impedance matching method is provided. The above-mentioned RF baseband chip includes: detecting a channel frequency; matching a preset code table according to the channel frequency, so as to control the switching state of the corresponding PIN tube according to the matched preset code table.

[0007] According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which a computer program is stored. The computer program is configured to execute the steps of any one of the above method embodiments when run.

[0008] According to another embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to execute the steps in any one of the above method embodiments.

[0009] According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in any one of the above method embodiments are implemented.

[0010] Through the above-described embodiments of the present invention, since the impedance matching network includes a multi-stage branch structure, each stage of the branch structure includes a resonant unit, and each resonant unit includes multiple resonant branches and a PIN transistor for sequentially electrically connecting the multiple resonant branches, the multi-stage branch structure can increase or decrease resonant branches and PIN transistors according to different needs. This dynamic control strategy enables the impedance matching network to match frequency bands in different operating environments. Therefore, the problems of poor broadband matching and difficulty in achieving independent optimization in different frequency bands in the related art, which leads to reduced signal transmission efficiency, are solved. Furthermore, the advantages of supporting dynamic switching among multiple frequency bands, improving broadband matching, and enhancing the performance and adaptability of FTTR equipment are achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an impedance matching network according to an embodiment of the present invention (1);

[0012] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-level branch structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of welding an impedance matching network and a radio frequency trace according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an impedance matching network and a radio frequency trace according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an impedance matching network according to an embodiment of the present invention (II);

[0016] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of control line connection points according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 7 is a flow chart of an impedance matching method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an impedance matching network according to an embodiment of the present invention (III);

[0019] Figure 9is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an impedance matching network according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments.

[0021] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram (1) of an impedance matching network according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, it includes a multi-level branch structure, wherein each level of the branch structure includes a resonance unit, and each resonance unit includes a plurality of resonance branches and a PIN tube for electrically connecting the plurality of resonance branches in sequence.

[0023] For example, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-level branch structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, 2-1 is a resonant branch and 2-2 is a PIN tube. Figure 1 、 2 Taking the multi-level branch structure as a three-level branch structure as an example, Figure 1 The first resonant unit 1-2 includes two resonant branches and one PIN transistor, the second resonant unit 1-3 includes three resonant branches and two PIN transistors, and the third resonant unit 1-4 includes four resonant branches and three PIN transistors.

[0024] It should be noted that the multi-level branch structure may also be a four-level branch structure, a five-level branch structure, etc. The multi-level branch structure may increase or decrease the number of resonant branches according to different needs. For example, the first resonant unit may include five resonant branches and four PIN transistors, the second resonant unit may include two resonant branches and one PIN transistor, the third resonant unit may include six resonant branches and five PIN transistors, and the fourth resonant unit may include two resonant branches and one PIN transistor. The lengths of the resonant branches may be the same or different. The specific multi-level branch structure may be configured according to the needs of the actual scenario (such as the operating frequency band, bandwidth, etc.), and this application does not impose any restrictions thereon.

[0025] In an exemplary embodiment, the impedance matching network further includes: a soldering pad connected to the top of the multi-stage branch structure and used for soldering to a radio frequency trace of a device requiring impedance matching.

[0026] For example, if the impedance matching network is used as an external device, Figure 1Solder the impedance matching network to the RF traces of the device that needs impedance matching by using pads 1-5. Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the impedance matching network and the RF trace welding according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, 3-1 is the RF trace, 3-2 is the back of the device, and the impedance matching network can be directly soldered at any position of the RF trace.

[0027] For example, if the impedance matching network is not used as an external device, the impedance matching network can be directly mounted around the RF trace. Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an impedance matching network and a radio frequency trace according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, 4-1 is the RF trace, and the impedance matching network can be directly mounted around the RF trace.

[0028] In an exemplary embodiment, the impedance matching network further comprises:

[0029] A dielectric substrate, with multiple branches and pads arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate;

[0030] The metal bottom plate is arranged on the back surface of the dielectric substrate and forms a metal reference ground of the resonant unit.

[0031] For example, Figure 1 The dielectric substrate 1-1 may be a printed circuit board (PCB), and the metal base plate 1-6 may be a 1oz (ounce) copper plated metal structure of the PCB.

[0032] In an exemplary embodiment, multi-level branches are etched on a metal layer on the front surface of a dielectric substrate, a PIN tube is surface-mounted on the metal layer, and a pad is formed by etching metal plated on the dielectric substrate.

[0033] For example, in Figure 1 After the front surface of the dielectric substrate 1-1 is copper-plated, etching is performed according to a specific shape to realize the first resonance unit 1-2, the second resonance unit 1-3, the third resonance unit 1-4 and the pad 1-5. The PIN tube is surface mounted by welding.

[0034] In an exemplary embodiment, the impedance matching network further includes a radio frequency baseband chip and a control line.

[0035] The RF baseband chip is electrically connected to the multi-stage branches through control lines.

[0036] The RF baseband chip is used to control the on / off state of the PIN tube.

[0037] For example, Figure 5Schematic diagram (2) of an impedance matching network according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 As shown in the figure, 5-1 is the control line. The RF baseband chip can control the on / off state of the PIN transistor through the control line, thereby changing the length of the branch, adjusting the position of the resonance point, and matching different frequency bands.

[0038] In an exemplary embodiment, the connection point of the control line is located at the positive pole in the conduction direction of the PIN transistor.

[0039] For example, Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the control line connection points according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the dot is the connection point for controlling the PIN transistor. If a voltage is applied in the -x direction of the PIN network, the PIN transistor conducts from -x to +x. The connection point of the control line is located at the positive electrode of the PIN transistor, which is above the PIN transistor in the figure.

[0040] In an exemplary embodiment, the lengths of all resonant branches of different resonant units are different.

[0041] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the lengths of all the resonance branches between the first resonance unit 1-2, the second resonance unit 1-3, and the third resonance unit 1-4 are different.

[0042] In an exemplary embodiment, an all-optical network FTTR device may include the impedance matching network in any of the above embodiments.

[0043] Through the above embodiment, a multi-level branch structure is used to replace the traditional LC matching circuit. The multi-level branch structure can be dynamically adjusted according to the working frequency band, bandwidth, etc. of the actual application scenario, so as to match multiple frequency bands. Therefore, it solves the problem of poor broadband matching effect in related technologies, difficulty in achieving independent optimization in different frequency bands, and resulting in reduced signal transmission efficiency, thereby achieving the effect of supporting dynamic switching of multiple frequency bands, improving broadband matching effect, and improving the performance and adaptability of FTTR equipment.

[0044] In this embodiment, an impedance matching method running on the above-mentioned radio frequency baseband chip is provided. Figure 7 is a flow chart of an impedance matching method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0045] Step S702: Detect channel frequency.

[0046] For example, the RF baseband chip can determine the required channel frequency based on current communication requirements or network configuration, thereby understanding the actual needs of the current scenario and controlling the on / off state of the PIN tube. Detecting the channel frequency is a prerequisite for dynamic matching. Through precise detection, this embodiment can specifically optimize signal transmission and ensure efficient and stable matching across different frequency bands.

[0047] Step S704 , matching a preset code table according to the channel frequency, so as to control the on / off state of the corresponding PIN tube according to the matched preset code table.

[0048] For example, Table 1 is a part of the preset code table, as shown in Table 1. 0 in the code table represents the PIN tube is off, and 1 represents the PIN tube is on, thereby controlling the length of the branch. The code table is simulated and confirmed at the beginning of the design, and the configuration command of the WIFI channel selection is embedded. In the implementation stage, the code table control code can be stored in the baseband control channel program. For example, Figure 6 There are 6 control points in , so the control code is 6 bits, one bit corresponding to one control point.

[0049] Table 1

[0050]

[0051] For example, based on the detected channel frequency, the corresponding PIN control code is quickly selected from a preset code table. The preset code table covers the optimal matching solutions for various frequency scenarios. Through precise matching, the on / off state of the PIN can be effectively controlled, and the multi-level branch structure can be adjusted to meet the requirements of the current channel.

[0052] In an exemplary embodiment, step S704 includes:

[0053] According to the channel frequency, search for the matching control code in the preset code table;

[0054] The control code is sent to the PIN tube through the control line to control the switch state of the corresponding PIN tube according to the matching control code.

[0055] For example, when a channel frequency is detected, a corresponding control code is searched in a preset code table. This matching control code is then sent to the PIN transistor via a control line. The PIN transistor is then turned on or off accordingly. This change in the PIN transistor's state adjusts the effective length of the resonant branches in the entire matching network, thereby changing the network's resonant frequency to match the selected channel frequency. This dynamic adjustment of the PIN transistor enables the matching network to quickly switch between different frequency bands, effectively improving signal transmission efficiency and enhancing the performance and environmental adaptability of FTTR equipment.

[0056] In an exemplary embodiment, before step S702, the following steps are included:

[0057] A wide frequency band is divided into a plurality of sub-frequency bands, wherein one sub-frequency band corresponds to one control code, and the preset code table includes a plurality of control codes.

[0058] For example, a wide frequency band (e.g., 5 GHz) can be divided into n sub-bands (e.g., 80 MHz). This wide frequency band can then be finely divided into multiple narrower sub-bands. Each sub-band has its own control code based on its characteristics, corresponding to an entry in a preset code table. This division strategy allows the matching effect of each sub-band to be optimized independently, thus avoiding the problem of signal efficiency degradation during broadband matching. With each sub-band corresponding to a control code, a preset code table containing all necessary control codes is generated, thus achieving effective matching of broadband signals as a whole.

[0059] Through the above steps, the PIN network switches on and off, varying the length of the branches and, consequently, adjusting the resonant point to match different frequency bands. Even when the device's operating frequency changes, the matching network can quickly adjust to ensure efficient and high-quality signal transmission. This addresses the problem of poor broadband matching in related technologies, making it difficult to independently optimize different frequency bands and resulting in reduced signal transmission efficiency. This approach supports dynamic multi-band switching, improves broadband matching, and enhances the performance and adaptability of FTTR equipment.

[0060] Example

[0061] This embodiment takes 5G full-band matching as an example.

[0062] Figure 8 Schematic diagram (3) of an impedance matching network according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown, Figure 9 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an impedance matching network according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 9 shown.

[0063] The length, width, and height of the dielectric substrate are L, W, and H (all length units are in mm), and the dielectric constant is e1, where L = 3 mm, W = 5 mm, H = 1.41 mm, and e1 = 4.2 (no unit);

[0064] Each branch in each resonant unit has a width of W1, a length of L11, L12, L21, L22, L23, L31, L32, L33, and L34, and a thickness of t. Among them, L11=1.18mm, L12=0.75mm, L21=0.16mm, L22=0.6mm, L23=0.49mm, L31=0.2mm, L32=0.31mm, L33=0.3mm, L34=0.2mm, W1=0.2mm, and t=0.0036mm;

[0065] The length, width and thickness of the pad are L1, L2 and t respectively, where L1=0.5mm, L2=1.8mm and t=0.0036mm.

[0066] In the low-frequency band, by selecting a specific PIN transistor control sequence, the present invention achieves efficient matching of RF signals in the 5150 to 5300 MHz range. At 5180 MHz, the reflection coefficient S(1,1) approaches 0.013, and the impedance approaches 50 ohms, indicating minimal reflection loss and maximum transmission efficiency in the low-frequency band.

[0067] When the channel switches to the mid-band, the matching network automatically adjusts the PIN transistor's switching state based on the new frequency range to optimize signal matching between 5300 and 5600 MHz. The reflection coefficient S(1,1) remains low, and the impedance is stabilized near 50 ohms, ensuring signal quality and coverage within the mid-band.

[0068] The present invention also demonstrates excellent matching capabilities in the high-frequency band (5600 to 5900 MHz). At even higher frequencies, the matching network stabilizes the impedance at 50 ohms and maintains the reflection coefficient within the ideal range, demonstrating the excellent performance of the present invention in this high-frequency band.

[0069] Compared with the method of this embodiment, the methods of related technologies have difficulty achieving consistent matching across a wide frequency band, and their matching performance degrades significantly, especially during frequency switching. In contrast, the method of this embodiment, through a multi-band adaptive matching strategy, combines the coordinated operation of the matching array and the PIN network to maintain stable signal quality and efficient energy transmission in low, medium, and high frequency bands. This solves the problems of poor broadband matching in related technologies, the difficulty in achieving independent optimization in different frequency bands, and the resulting decrease in signal transmission efficiency. It also achieves the goal of supporting dynamic multi-band switching, improving broadband matching, and enhancing the performance and adaptability of FTTR equipment.

[0070] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the methods according to the above embodiments can be implemented using software plus the necessary general-purpose hardware platform. Of course, hardware can also be used, but in many cases the former is the more preferred embodiment. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, or optical disk) and includes a number of instructions for enabling a terminal device (which can be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0071] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored. The computer program is configured to execute the steps of any one of the above method embodiments when running.

[0072] In an exemplary embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, various media that can store computer programs, such as a USB flash drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0073] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to execute the steps in any one of the above method embodiments.

[0074] In an exemplary embodiment, the electronic device may further include a transmission device and an input / output device, wherein the transmission device is connected to the processor, and the input / output device is connected to the processor.

[0075] For specific examples in this embodiment, reference may be made to the examples described in the above embodiments and exemplary implementation modes, and this embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0076] Obviously, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented using a general-purpose computing device, can be centralized on a single computing device, or can be distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. They can be implemented using program code executable by the computing device, and thus, can be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device. In some cases, the steps shown or described herein can be performed in a different order than that shown, or can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0077] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impedance matching network, characterized in that: It includes a multi-level branch structure, wherein each level of the branch structure includes a resonance unit, and each resonance unit includes a plurality of resonance branches and a PIN transistor for electrically connecting the plurality of resonance branches in sequence; It also includes RF baseband chips and control lines. The radio frequency baseband chip is electrically connected to the multi-stage branches via the control line. The radio frequency baseband chip is used to control the on / off state of the PIN transistor to control the length of the resonant branch, change the resonant frequency of the impedance matching network, and match different frequency bands.

2. The impedance matching network according to claim 1, wherein: Also includes: The soldering pad is connected to the top of the multi-level branch structure and is used for soldering on the radio frequency trace of the device that needs impedance matching.

3. The impedance matching network according to claim 2, wherein: Also includes: a dielectric substrate, the multi-level branches and the solder pads being arranged on a front surface of the dielectric substrate; A metal base plate is provided on the back surface of the dielectric substrate and forms a metal reference ground of the resonant unit.

4. The impedance matching network according to claim 3, wherein: The multi-level branches are etched on the metal layer on the front surface of the dielectric substrate, the PIN tube is surface-mounted on the metal layer, and the pads are formed by etching the metal plated on the dielectric substrate.

5. The impedance matching network according to claim 1, characterized in that ,The lengths of all resonant branches of different resonant units are different.

6. The impedance matching network according to claim 1, wherein: The connection point of the control line is located at the positive pole of the conducting direction of the PIN transistor.

7. The impedance matching network according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that , the multi-level branch structure is a three-level branch structure.

8. An all-optical network FTTR device, characterized in that: An impedance matching network comprising the impedance matching network according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. An impedance matching method, characterized in that: The radio frequency baseband chip according to claim 1, comprising: Detect channel frequency; A preset code table is matched according to the channel frequency, so as to control the switch state of the corresponding PIN tube according to the matched preset code table.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that Matching a preset code table according to the channel frequency to control the switch state of the corresponding PIN tube according to the matched preset code table includes: According to the channel frequency, searching for a matching control code in a preset code table; The control code is sent to the PIN tube through the control line to control the switch state of the corresponding PIN tube according to the matched control code.

11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that Before detecting the channel frequency, including: A wide frequency band is divided into a plurality of sub-frequency bands, wherein one sub-frequency band corresponds to one control code, and the preset code table includes a plurality of the control codes.

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