Determining presence of temporary energy storage in local network

Abstract

The invention relates to a method (S1-S13) for determining the presence or absence of a temporary energy store (HS) connected to a local electrical energy network (HN) of a real estate (EFH), a first energy measuring device (EM1) is present at a network connection point (NAP) between the local energy network (HN) and the common energy distribution network (EVN) and a charge / discharge point (EVSE) for the electric vehicle (EV) is connected to the local energy network (HN) via a second energy measuring device (EM2) and in the method (S1-S13), when the electric vehicle (EV) is connected to the charge / discharge point (EVSE), the charge / discharge point (EVSE) is connected to the local energy network (HN) via the second energy measuring device (EM2). During a charge-discharge rest phase of the electric vehicle (EV), a base power is measured by means of a first energy measuring device (S2), a battery of the electric vehicle is charged and discharged at a charge-discharge point with a charge-discharge power measured by means of a second energy measuring device and at the same time a power is measured by means of the first energy measuring device (S4), it is then checked whether the charge / discharge power measured during the charge / discharge process is at least substantially equal to the difference between the power measured by means of the first energy measuring device and the base power (S5, S7).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for determining the presence of a temporary energy storage on a local electrical energy network connected to a real estate, wherein a first energy measuring device is present at a network connection point between the local energy network and the public energy distribution network. The present invention also relates to a real estate configured to enable the operation of the method. The present invention also relates to a system comprising a real estate and at least one electric vehicle connected to a charging and discharging point of the real estate. The present invention can in particular be advantageously applied to single-family houses with an energy supply device, in particular a photovoltaic device. Background Art

[0002] The principle of bidirectional charging and discharging (i.e., charging and discharging) of electric vehicles is generally known. Here, a distinction is mostly made between the application scenarios of "vehicle-to-home" (V2H) and "vehicle-to-grid" (V2G). In the V2H application scenario, when an electric vehicle is connected to a charging and discharging point owned by a household (such as a so-called "Wallbox"), the vehicle battery of the electric vehicle serves as a temporary electrical energy storage. Here, for example, during the day, the vehicle battery can be charged with excess energy from the household's own solar energy or photovoltaic device. At night, electrical energy is fed from the vehicle battery into the local energy network (household network). Thus, the self-consumption of the solar power generation is increased and the current extraction from the public energy distribution network is reduced. In the V2G application scenario, when the energy price on the energy market is low, the vehicle battery is charged, and when the energy price on the energy market is high, the vehicle battery is discharged. Thus, economic benefits are achieved through this arbitrage between the purchase price and the selling price. Usually, a home energy management system (HEMS) combines the at least one charging and discharging point or the at least one electric vehicle, especially considering the mobility requirements of the electric vehicle, to implement the planning and control of the current or energy flow.

[0003] It has been shown in on-site tests that the configuration of the local energy network often differs from the instructions of its operator (such as a residential owner). For example, the power generation device, the fixed temporary electrical energy storage, and / or the final electrical load are not described to the HEMS or are not described with the correct device parameters. These un-described or incorrectly described "parasitic" energy sources and / or energy sinks also adversely affect the control of the charging and discharging process of the electric vehicle (i.e., the charging process and / or the discharging process), which may, in the worst case, lead to oscillations in the system composed of the electric vehicle and the temporary energy storage.

[0004] For example, in the case of V2H applications, if a stationary temporary energy storage device is connected to the local energy network but the HEMS is not aware of it or does not take it into account, the electrical energy fed from a feedable electric vehicle into the local energy network will flow into the stationary temporary energy storage device, and the end load must draw power from the public distribution network, even though the stationary temporary energy storage device can also be charged at a later time. In addition, the local zero load control at the network connection point will be disturbed due to the presence of the stationary temporary energy storage device.

[0005] In the case of V2G applications, a stationary temporary memory not registered with the HEMS causes the energy fed from the electric vehicle not to be fed into the public energy distribution network as desired, but to be stored in the upstream local network beforehand.

[0006] US 10,913,374 B2 discloses a control device for controlling a home energy management system (HEMS). The control device for controlling the HEMS includes a communication unit and a control unit. The communication unit is configured to receive energy management information from the gateway of the HEMS. The energy management information includes the photovoltaic power generation amount, the power consumption of household appliances, the remaining power of the electric vehicle battery, and the minimum charge amount of the electric vehicle. The control unit is arranged to control the power of the battery provided in the electric vehicle such that the electric vehicle operates in a charging mode or a discharging mode based on the energy management information.

[0007] DE 102012202465 A1 discloses a power supply system that includes a solar power generation unit, a power storage unit, a consumption control unit, a predicted amount calculation unit for calculating a predicted power consumption and a predicted power generation amount, a difference calculation unit for calculating a difference (the difference between the predicted power consumption and the predicted power generation amount), and a storage amount setting unit for setting a predicted stored power amount. In a specific time window in which the electricity cost is lower than other time windows, the consumption control unit controls such that the power storage unit stores the supplied power provided to the building until the amount of power stored in the power storage unit reaches the predicted stored power amount. If the solar power generation amount is greater than the power consumption of the electrical load in other time slots, the control unit controls such that the power storage unit stores the excess solar power.

[0008] DE 112019000842 T5 discloses a charging / discharging device (1). The charging / discharging device includes a selection input terminal to determine load-related current prediction data representing a predicted current consumed by an electrical load according to load current value data representing a load current value; determine solar power generation-related current prediction data representing a predicted current generated by a solar power generation system according to predicted local solar irradiance data; and determine one of a plurality of specific operating modes related to power usage according to the load-related current prediction data and the solar power generation-related current prediction data, and according to operating mode data representing a specified power usage method, price data representing the price of alternating current to be provided by a commercial system and the price of alternating current to be supplied to the commercial system, current conversion efficiency data representing the current conversion efficiency of a current converter during battery charging or discharging, and current time data. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is to at least partially overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular to provide a possibility of automatically determining in a simple manner whether there is a temporary electrical energy storage device in the local energy network of a real estate.

[0010] This object is solved by the features of the independent claims. Preferred embodiments are particularly evident from the dependent claims.

[0011] This object is achieved by a method for determining whether there is a temporary energy storage device connected to the local electrical energy network of a real estate, wherein

[0012] there is a first energy measurement device at the network connection point between the local energy network and the public energy distribution network and

[0013] a charging / discharging point for an electric vehicle is connected to the local energy network via a second energy measurement device and

[0014] in the method, when the electric vehicle is connected to the charging / discharging point,

[0015] (a) measure the base power by means of the first energy measurement device during the charging / discharging rest period of the electric vehicle,

[0016] (b) charge the battery of the electric vehicle with the charging power measured by means of the second energy measurement device at the charging / discharging point and simultaneously measure the power by means of the first energy measurement device,

[0017] alternatively or in addition to step (b)

[0018] (c) discharge the battery of the electric vehicle with the discharge power measured by means of the second energy measurement device at the charging / discharging point and simultaneously measure the power by means of the first energy measurement device,

[0019] (d) Check whether the charging and discharging power measured during the charging and discharging process is at least approximately equal to the difference between the power measured by means of the first energy measurement device and the base power, and

[0020] (e) If this is the case, assume that no temporary energy storage is connected to the local energy network, otherwise assume that a temporary energy storage is connected to the local energy network.

[0021] The advantage of this method is that it can automatically and reliably determine whether there is a temporary electrical energy storage without the need for dedicated and / or complex detection devices and / or methods. More precisely, the battery of an electric vehicle is used here to identify the temporary electrical energy storage, more precisely, not only in the V2G application scenario but also in the V2H application scenario. This can play a role in improving the energy distribution in the local energy network and / or between the local energy network and the public energy distribution network. In particular, overshoots caused by unstated or unregistered temporary energy storages can be avoided. Generally speaking, this method is based on detecting whether the power fed into the local energy network during the charging and discharging (i.e., charging or discharging) of an electric vehicle is equal to the power extracted from the local energy network or whether there is an obvious difference or "balance". If there is no obvious difference, this indicates that there is no unregistered or unknown temporary electrical energy storage. It is utilized here that, compared with other power sources and power absorbers connected to the local energy network, the charging and discharging power of an electric vehicle is usually very high and thus it is possible to determine particularly reliably whether there is a temporary electrical energy storage.

[0022] The energy measurement device measures the current and voltage at a certain point on the conductance wire, from which the power and energy (e.g., meter reading) at the measurement moment can be calculated.

[0023] "Energy" is currently understood as electrical energy, even if this is not explicitly stated. This similarly applies to power and energy storage. In the following, if there is no distinction between charging and discharging, the power measured on the second energy measurement device is called "charging and discharging power", otherwise it is called "charging power" or "discharging power". Power can include the time variation curve of power, for example in the form of a so-called load curve (Lastgang).

[0024] Generally speaking, if an aspect of the present invention is currently described in terms of power, this aspect of the present invention can also be similarly described in terms of the corresponding energy over the observed time interval. For example, if an aspect of the present invention is described in terms of the power L averaged over a period of time Δt, this aspect can also be described in terms of the energy E = L∙Δt that occurs over this period of time Δt, and so on.

[0025] The real estate can in particular be a house, especially a single-family house, but can also be a multi-family house, a small business, etc.

[0026] A temporary electrical energy storage device (hereinafter also only referred to as "temporary storage") is an electrical current or energy storage connected to a real estate, which is used to temporarily store excess energy and discharge it when energy is needed. The temporary storage can be an energy storage that is permanently or fixedly connected to a local energy network, which can also be referred to as a fixed temporary storage.

[0027] The first energy measurement device is configured to provide data on the electrical power flowing through the network connection point, such as a load profile. The first energy measurement device can be a so-called "smart meter" provided by an external operator (such as a measurement point operator, a distribution network operator, etc.), and the external operator must then be prepared to share these power data with the operator of the local energy network or an entity commissioned by it. In particular, if the external operator only provides a traditional meter for reading or the external operator does not share power data, the first energy measurement device can be an energy measurement device installed by the operator of the local energy network itself, which is, for example, topologically connected in series with the meter of the external operator.

[0028] An electric vehicle can be a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) or a fully electric or battery-electric vehicle (BEV). The electric vehicle can be, for example, a sedan, a motorcycle, a truck, etc. The battery is especially the drive battery of the electric vehicle.

[0029] The charging and discharging point (also called EVSE) is used to charge and discharge an electric vehicle. The charging and discharging point can be a charging and discharging station to be connected to the electric vehicle via a charging and discharging cable, especially a wall box in the case of a domestic lead-in wire. However, the charging and discharging point can also be a parking space inductively coupled to the electric vehicle.

[0030] The charging and discharging point can be a charging and discharging point for unidirectional charging of an electric vehicle, or alternatively can be a bidirectional charging and discharging point, which is configured to charge and discharge the electric vehicle bidirectionally, i.e., selectively charge or discharge.

[0031] One expansion option is that the charging and discharging point is configured to charge and discharge the electric vehicle with direct current. One expansion option is that the charging and discharging point is configured to charge and discharge the electric vehicle with alternating current.

[0032] One expansion option is that the charging and discharging point and the electric vehicle can communicate digitally via a communication channel, for example when using a charging and discharging cable according to ISO 15118-2 and / or ISO 15118-20. Thus, the connection of the electric vehicle to the charging and discharging point (depending on the type of charging and discharging point) can mean that the electric vehicle is connected to the charging and discharging point via a charging and discharging cable or inductively.

[0033] With the aid of a second energy measuring device, it is possible to detect the power flowing between the electric vehicle and the local energy network, in particular the charging power consumed for charging the electric vehicle and the discharging power fed back into the local energy network during discharging.

[0034] The "charging and discharging pause phase" is understood to be a time period during which no charging and discharging processes take place, that is, neither a charging process nor a discharging process takes place. During the time period in which the electric vehicle is connected to the charging and discharging point, the charging phase, the discharging phase and / or the charging and discharging pause phase can be alternately implemented (for example, according to the charging and discharging desire and / or the charging and discharging plan).

[0035] The base power is equal to the power measured by the first energy measuring device when the electric vehicle is neither charging nor discharging. If the base power is measured over a certain time period, the base power can, for example, be equal to the highest measured value, the lowest measured value or the average value over this time period.

[0036] The alternative or additional steps (a) and (b) can also be formulated such that the battery of the electric vehicle is charged and discharged (i.e., charged or discharged) at the charging and discharging point with at least one charging and discharging power (i.e., charging power and / or discharging power) measured by the second energy measuring device and at the same time the power is measured by the first energy measuring device.

[0037] Step (d) can also be formulated such that it is checked whether the difference between the power measured by the first energy measuring device minus the base power and the charging and discharging power on the other hand is at least approximately zero, or it can be formulated such that it is checked whether the difference between the power measured by the first energy measuring device minus the base power is at least approximately equal to the charging and discharging power.

[0038] In step (d), it is checked whether the charging and discharging power measured during the charging and discharging process is "at least approximately" equal to the difference between the power measured by the first energy measuring device and the base power, in particular including that the two deviate from each other by no more than a predetermined deviation. This deviation can, for example, be a percentage value. The advantage of taking the deviation into account is that unforeseen fluctuations in the consumption of the end loads (such as electrical appliances) connected to the local energy network during the charging and discharging phase do not lead to incorrect results.

[0039] If the check result is positive, it can be assumed in an extended scenario that no temporary energy storage device is connected to the local energy network, otherwise it can be assumed in an extended scenario that a temporary energy storage device is connected to the local energy network.

[0040] One design is to perform two steps (b) and (c) involving the charging process and the discharging process, and in step (d)

[0041] In sub-step (d1), it is checked whether the charging power measured during the charging process is at least approximately equal to the difference between the power measured by means of the first energy measuring device and the base power, and

[0042] In sub-step (d2), it is checked whether the discharging power measured during the discharging process is at least approximately equal to the difference between the power measured by means of the first energy measuring device and the base power, and

[0043] In step (e), only if both sub-steps (d1) and (d2) are the case, it is assumed that no temporary energy storage is connected to the local energy network.

[0044] The advantage achieved thereby is that a temporary energy storage is identified particularly reliably. This is because, if only one of step (b) or step (c) is carried out (which is also possible in principle), then in practice the possibility that the temporary energy storage is completely discharged in step (b) or the temporary energy storage is fully charged in step (c) is small but cannot be excluded. In this case, it cannot be correctly determined whether there is a temporary energy storage. These special cases can be excluded by the present design. The present design can also be expressed as follows: In step (e), if only one of the two sub-steps (d1) and (d2) is the case, it is assumed that the temporary energy storage is connected to the local energy network.

[0045] An extension is that a stationary temporary energy storage is assumed to be connected to the local energy network only if the charging power measured during the charging process and the discharging power measured during the discharging process deviate significantly from the power measured by means of the first energy measuring device at the network connection point minus the base power, respectively.

[0046] The order of carrying out step (b) and (c) is arbitrary in principle.

[0047] If step (b) and (c) are carried out, the state of charge (SoC) of the battery can be the same before and after the execution. In this case, if the corresponding settings in terms of phase time are not for achieving economic or environmental advantages, the charging and discharging can be regarded as pure measurement processes.

[0048] An extension is that step (b) and / or step (c) are carried out immediately after step (a) in time. The advantage achieved thereby is that the reliability of the method is improved because the probability that the base load has changed significantly, for example with respect to the daily variation, when step (b) and / or (c) are carried out is low.

[0049] One design solution lies in that the charge and discharge power is set to a value of at least 75%, especially at least 90%, especially at least 95% of the maximum charge and discharge power, especially set to the maximum charge and discharge power. This has the advantage of being able to improve the reliability of the method, because the magnitude of the charge and discharge power is particularly high compared to the base power and thus the influence of the base power on the checks in step (d) or sub-steps (d1) and (d2) can be advantageously kept small, especially the fluctuations of the base power are less important.

[0050] One design solution lies in that the night period at the location of the local energy network is selected, especially during a typical night rest period (for example, between 0 o'clock and 4 o'clock), as the period for performing the method. This has the advantages that terminal electrical loads actively activated by users, such as dishwashers, washing machines, stoves, televisions, etc., usually do not operate and thus the base power is firstly particularly low and secondly has particularly small fluctuations. Another advantage is that the probability of electric vehicles moving during this period is very low. In addition, the influence of photovoltaic devices that may be connected to the local energy network on the method can be advantageously ignored.

[0051] One design solution lies in that the fluctuation amplitude of the base power is determined in step (a) and it is checked in step (d) whether the power measured during the discharge process is equal to the difference between the power measured by means of the first energy measurement device and the base power within the base power fluctuation amplitude. This further improves the reliability of the method, because the deviation is quantified rather than a predetermined deviation estimated purely.

[0052] One design solution lies in that at least one electrical energy generation unit is connected to the local energy network. This is particularly beneficial for generating electricity at least partially self-sufficient locally and, if necessary, also profitably feeding it into the public power distribution network. Such an energy generation unit can include, for example, a photovoltaic device and / or a wind power generation device.

[0053] One expansion solution lies in that the operator of the local energy network does not know how much (feed-in) power the at least one electrical energy generation unit feeds into the local energy network. This may be due to, for example, the lack of corresponding energy measurement devices or, although such devices exist, they cannot or at least cannot transmit data in real time. Especially in the case of the presence of photovoltaic devices, it is advantageous to operate the method at night or rely on historical values or tabulated device values during the day, and if necessary, in combination with, for example, a power generation prediction that can utilize device parameters and weather forecasts.

[0054] One design aspect is that the feed power fed by the at least one energy generation unit into the local energy network is measured by means of at least one third energy measurement device (and the measurement data is provided to the operator of the local energy network). This has the advantage that the operator of the local energy network can eliminate the influence of the at least one energy generation unit on the method and thereby improve the reliability of the method. This can be achieved, for example, by one design aspect:

[0055] In step (a), during the charge / discharge rest phase of the electric vehicle, the base power is measured by means of a first energy measurement device and the reduced base power is calculated therefrom, which reduced base power is equal to the base power measured by means of the first energy measurement device minus the feed power of the feed-in measured by means of the at least one third energy measurement device, and

[0056] In step (d), it is checked whether the charge / discharge power measured during the charge / discharge process is at least approximately equal to the difference between the power measured by means of the first energy measurement device and the sum of the reduced base power and the feed power.

[0057] This has the advantage that fluctuations in the feed power can be detected and taken into account precisely. The reduced base power can in particular be equal to the power consumed by the end loads connected to the local energy network.

[0058] The third energy measurement device can, for example, be integrated into the energy generation unit or can be a separate component.

[0059] One design aspect is that the minimum capacity of the stationary temporary energy storage is calculated from the time integral of, on the one hand, the charge / discharge power of the electric vehicle and, on the other hand, the difference between the power measured by means of the first energy measurement device and the base power. This has the advantage that better control of the local energy network, especially one including an electric vehicle, can be implemented. Generally, the minimum capacity of the stationary temporary energy storage can be determined by time-integrating or accumulating the difference or "balance" between the power fed into the local energy network and the power withdrawn from the local energy network. Here, for example, the time integration can be carried out over the entire charge / discharge process or only over a part thereof. The power fed into the local energy network can include its feed power in the presence of an energy generation device.

[0060] If steps (b) and (c) are executed, the highest value determined therefrom can be assumed to be the minimum capacity of the temporary energy storage. If the method is executed multiple times and the user does not specify a capacity value for the temporary energy storage, the highest value determined here can be assumed to be the minimum capacity of the temporary energy storage.

[0061] One design solution is that steps (a) to (e) are repeated daily or weekly when an electric vehicle is connected. This enables a relatively quick automatic response to a connected but unregistered temporary energy storage device or to an unconnected temporary energy storage device.

[0062] One design solution is that the single-family house has at least one charging and discharging point for charging and discharging an electric vehicle and is equipped with or coupled to a data processing device, which is configured to develop a charging and discharging plan for charging and discharging the electric vehicle connected to the charging and discharging point. The data processing device can be part of the real estate or an external entity such as a web server or a cloud computer. Another expansion solution is that the data processing device is used as a HEMS or a HEMS computer.

[0063] One design solution is that if the data processing device is configured such that it starts from the premise that no temporary electrical energy storage device is connected to the local energy network and assumes in step (e) that a temporary energy storage device is connected to the local energy network, at least one first action is triggered, and / or if the data processing device is configured such that it starts from the premise that a temporary energy storage device is connected to the local energy network and assumes in step (e) that no temporary energy storage device is connected to the local energy network, at least one second action is triggered.

[0064] One design solution is that the first action at least includes notifying the user and / or reconfiguring the data processing device such that the data processing device starts from the premise that a temporary energy storage device is connected to the local energy network. The reconfiguration can also be expressed as: the temporary energy storage device logs in or registers on the data processing device. The notification can include, for example, sending a message to a user terminal device (such as the operator of the real estate).

[0065] One design solution is that reconfiguring the data processing device includes notifying the data processing device of the minimum capacity of the temporary energy storage device.

[0066] One design solution is that the second action at least includes notifying the user and / or reconfiguring the data processing device such that the data processing device starts from the premise that no temporary energy storage device is connected to the local energy network. The reconfiguration can be expressed here as: the temporary energy storage device logs out or deregisters on the data processing device.

[0067] This task is also solved by a real estate, in particular a single-family house, wherein the real estate is configured to run the method according to any one of the preceding claims. The real estate can be designed similarly to the method and vice versa, and has the same advantages.

[0068] Accordingly, the real estate has a local energy network, on which terminal electrical loads such as kitchen appliances, entertainment electronic devices, washing machines, hot water boilers, air conditioning equipment, etc. are usually connected.

[0069] The local energy network of the real estate is connected to the public energy distribution network through a network connection point, wherein the energy flow through the network connection point can be measured by means of a first energy measurement device.

[0070] In addition, the real estate has at least one charging and discharging point that can be conductively or inductively coupled to an electric vehicle, such as at least one wall box. The energy flow into and out of the electric vehicle can be measured by means of a second energy measurement device.

[0071] In addition, the local energy network of the real estate may also have at least one electrical energy generation unit, such as a photovoltaic device. In an extended scheme, the feed-in power fed into the local energy network by the at least one energy generation unit can be measured by means of at least one third energy measurement device.

[0072] The local energy network of the real estate can have at least one temporary electrical energy storage device.

[0073] The local energy network can be controlled by means of a data processing device, which can be part of the real estate or can be an external instance relative to the real estate, such as a network server or a cloud computer. The data processing device can in particular be set up to draw up a charging and discharging plan for charging and discharging an electric vehicle connected to the charging and discharging point. Especially in a single house, especially a detached house, the data processing device can be equal to the HEMS.

[0074] This task is also solved by a system comprising a real estate as described above and at least one electric vehicle connected to the charging and discharging point of the real estate. The system can be designed similarly to the method and / or the real estate and vice versa, and has the same advantages. Description of the Drawings

[0075] The above-mentioned characteristics, features and advantages of the present invention and the ways to achieve these characteristics, features and advantages become clearer and more understandable in connection with the following schematic description of the embodiments, which are elaborated in detail with reference to the drawings. The drawings are as follows:

[0076] Figure 1 Showing a system consisting of a real estate with an electric vehicle connected thereto; and

[0077] Figure 2 Showing a possible process of a method for determining the presence of a temporary energy storage device connected to the local electrical energy network of a real estate. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0078] Figure 1 Shows systems EFH, EV, which include real estate in the form of a single-family house EFH (where its local energy network ("home network", HN) is shown here) and an electric vehicle EV. The home network HN is connected to the public energy distribution network EVN via a network connection point NAP. An ammeter SM is located at the network connection point NAP. If the ammeter SM is a "smart meter", it can measure the electric power flowing through the network connection point NAP and transmit it to the measurement point operator MSB, who in turn can transmit this data to the data processing device IT. Alternatively, the smart meter SM can be read locally via a digital interface. The time curve of the power data can be stored, for example, in the form of a load curve. If the ammeter SM is not configured as a smart meter or the measurement point operator MSB does not transmit the data to the data processing device IT, the operator of the home network HN can install an independent first energy measurement device (EM1), which measures the same power as the ammeter SM and can transmit this data to the data processing device IT.

[0079] Connected to the home network HN here are, by way of example, a plurality of end loads VB-1, VB-2, an energy generation unit in the form of a photovoltaic device PV, optionally, a charging and discharging point in the form of a wallbox EVSE, and possibly a stationary temporary energy storage device ("home energy storage" HS).

[0080] The wallbox EVSE is connected to the home network HN via a second energy measurement device EM2, which can communicate with the data processing device IT. In an extended version, the second energy measurement device EM2 can be integrated into the wallbox EVSE. An extended version is that the wallbox EVSE can communicate directly with the data processing device IT.

[0081] The photovoltaic device PV can be connected to the home network HN via a third energy measurement device EM3, which can communicate with the data processing device IT. In an extended version, the third energy measurement device EM3 can be integrated into the photovoltaic device PV. The electric vehicle EV can be connected to the wallbox EVSE via a charging and discharging cable, and the electric vehicle then communicates digitally with the wallbox EVSE, for example, according to ISO 15118-20. An extended version is that the electric vehicle EV can communicate directly with the data processing device IT.

[0082] In an extended version, the data processing device IT can communicate with a user terminal device, especially a mobile user terminal device, such as a smartphone SP, etc.

[0083] The data processing device IT can be set up to develop a charging and discharging plan for the drive battery BAT of an electric vehicle EV and, for this purpose, utilize, for example, the tariff information of the power supplier and / or ecological information (such as the carbon dioxide emissions for generating one kilowatt-hour of electrical energy), prediction data for a photovoltaic device PV (such as weather forecasts), device parameters, etc. The charging and discharging plan can be negotiated with the wallbox EVSE or with the electric vehicle EV in a generally known manner, where the wallbox or the electric vehicle sets specific charging and discharging boundary conditions, such as the mobility requirements of the electric vehicle EV (such as departure time, minimum state of charge (SoC) at departure time, maximum charging and discharging power, etc.). Within the scope of the charging and discharging plan, the data processing device IT can also use the drive battery BAT of the electric vehicle EV as a (mobile) temporary energy storage device while observing the charging and discharging boundary conditions.

[0084] The data processing device IT is also set up to control the charging and discharging (i.e., charging and discharging) of a home energy storage device HS (if present). This enables an improvement in the use of the electrical power of the home network HN in a generally known manner if the data processing device IT knows that the home energy storage device HS is connected to the home network HN and / or knows that a previously existing home energy storage device HS is no longer connected to the home network HN.

[0085] Figure 2 A possible process for a method of determining whether there is a home energy storage device HS connected to the home network HN is shown. Here, it is assumed that the electric vehicle EV is connected to the wallbox EVSE. Additionally, it is assumed that two steps (b) and (c), i.e., a charging process and a discharging process, are carried out during the course of this method.

[0086] In step S1, a moment is selected to execute the method, for example, during the night rest period. Additionally, the charging and discharging power is set, preferably at least 75% of the maximum charging and discharging power. Here, the charging power and the discharging power can be different, but it is not necessary for them to be different.

[0087] In step S2, during the charging and discharging rest phase of the electric vehicle EV, the base load or base power L is measured by means of a first energy measurement device EV1 for a predetermined duration according to step (a). EM1,G 、especially the average base power L EM1,G .

[0088] In the optional step S3, the fluctuation amplitude ΔL can be determined from the load curve of the base power L EM1,G , where, for example, L G is within the interval [L EM1,G - ΔL G / 2; L G - ΔL G / 2].

[0089] ​

[0089] In step S4, purely by way of example, step (b) is first carried out for a determined duration, in which the drive battery BAT of the electric vehicle EV is charged with the charging power L measured by means of the second energy measuring device EM2 and at the same time the power L is measured by means of the first energy measuring device EM1 EM2,A and EM1,A .

[0090] In step S5, it is checked whether the charging power L measured during the charging process EM2,A is at least approximately equal to the difference between the power L measured by means of the first energy measuring device EM1 EM1, A minus the base power L EM1,G (assumed here, for example, as an average value). This can also be expressed as checking whether it corresponds to

[0091] ,

[0092] for example within a predetermined fluctuation range of 0.99 ∙ (L EM1,A – L EM1,G ) ≤L EM2 ,A ≤1.01∙ (L EM1,A – L EM1,G ), the predetermined fluctuation range can in principle be set arbitrarily. If the fluctuation range ΔL G is determined by step S3, then it can be checked, for example, whether it applies to

[0093]

[0094] If condition (1) or (2) applies, then one of the following situations may exist: (i) no home energy storage device HS is connected to the home network HN or (ii) the home energy storage device HS is empty

[0095] However, if condition (1) or (2) does not apply, but rather (depending on the conditions used) more precisely L EM2,A >L EM1,A -L EM1,G 、L EM2,A > 1.01∙ (L EM1,A -L EM1,G ) or L EM2,A > L EM1,A - L EM1,G + ΔL G / 2, then additional electrical power must have been provided by the power supply of the home network HN for charging the electric vehicle EV

[0096] Assume that the household energy storage device HN is not completely discharged and the photovoltaic device PV (if present) does not feed significantly more solar energy into the household network HN from step S2 to step S4. Then, it is already possible to start with a high probability that if condition (1) or (2) holds, no household energy storage device HS is connected to the household network HS, or conversely, if condition (1) or (2) does not hold, a household energy storage device HS is connected to the household network HS.

[0097] In step S6, step (c) is performed for a determined duration, in which the drive battery of the electric vehicle EV discharges into the household network HN with a discharge power L measured by means of the second energy measurement device EM2 and simultaneously the power L is measured by means of the first energy measurement device EM1. EM2,E discharges into the household network HN and simultaneously measures the power L by means of the first energy measurement device EM1 EM1,E .

[0098] In step S7, it is checked whether the discharge power L measured during the discharge process EM2,E is at least approximately equal to the difference between the power L measured by means of the first energy measurement device EM1 EM1,E minus the base power L. This can also be expressed as checking whether it corresponds to EM1,G

[0099] ,

[0100] for example, within a predetermined fluctuation range of 0.99∙(L EM1,E – L EM1,G ) ≤ L EM2,E ≤ 1.01∙(L EM1,E – L EM1,G ), and the predetermined fluctuation range can in principle be set arbitrarily. If the fluctuation range ΔL EM1,G of the base power L is calculated according to step S3 G , then for example, it can be checked whether it applies to

[0101]

[0102] ​If condition (3) or (4) applies, then one of the following situations may exist: (iii) no home energy storage device HS is connected to the home network HN or (iv) the home energy storage device HS is fully charged. However, if condition (3) or (4) does not apply, then there must be an absorber of the home network HN receiving additional electrical power. Assuming that the home energy storage device HN is not fully charged and the photovoltaic device PV (if present) does not feed significantly less solar energy into the home network HN from step S2 to step S4, it is already possible to start with a high probability from the fact that if condition (3) or (4) holds, then no home energy storage device HS is connected to the home network HS, or conversely, if condition (3) or (4) does not hold, then a home energy storage device HS is connected to the home network HS.

[0103] In step S8, it is checked whether two conditions, namely on the one hand (1) or (2) and on the other hand (3) or (4), exist. If this is the case ("J"), then it is determined that no home energy storage device HS is connected to the home network HN and the process branches to step S9.

[0104] In step S9, the data processing device IT is informed that no home energy storage device HS connected to the home network HS has been found.

[0105] In step S10, the data processing device IT can then be configured such that its starting point is that no home energy storage device HS is connected, if this was not the case before. The configuration can for example include deleting a flag. Alternatively or additionally, the data processing device IT can inform the user, for example by sending a message to their smartphone SP.

[0106] However, if the check result in step S8 is that the two conditions, namely on the one hand (1) or (2) and on the other hand (3) or (4), do not exist simultaneously and in particular that neither of the two conditions, namely on the one hand (1) or (2) and on the other hand (3) or (4), exists ("N"), then it is determined that a home energy storage device HS is connected to the home network HN and the process branches to step S11.

[0107] In step S11, the data processing device IT is informed that a home energy storage device HS is connected to the home network HS.

[0108] In step S12, the data processing device IT can then be configured such that its starting point is that a home energy storage device HS is connected, if this was not the case before. The configuration can for example include setting a flag. Alternatively or additionally, the data processing device IT can inform the user, for example by sending a message to their smartphone SP.

[0109] In step S13, following steps S10 and S12, the method ends and, if necessary, is repeated at a later time, for example, after one day or one week, as indicated by the dashed arrow.

[0110] If there is a photovoltaic device PV, but its feed-in power Ls is unknown or not transmitted to the data processing device IT, the described method can also be used. To keep the impact of fluctuations in the feed-in power Ls low during method execution, the method can be performed, for example, at night.

[0111] If the feed-in power Ls can be measured with the aid of a third energy measurement device EM3 and the measurement data transmitted to the data processing device IT, the impact of the feed-in power Ls can be taken into account particularly precisely. For example, in this case, the "reduced" real-time base power L G,red can be used instead of the base power L of the end load determined once before charging and discharging EM1,G In the reduced base power, the time-varying feed-in power Ls is separated from the base power L EM1,G , for example, by setting L G,red = L EM1,G - Ls and performing the calculation in step S2 and, if necessary, S3. In the above relations (1) to (4), for example, the term L G,red + Ls can be used instead of L EM1,G , where Ls is determined in real time.

[0112] The above calculation can be sign-sensitive, i.e., for example, losses in the home network HN have a positive sign and the feed-in power Ls has a negative sign. Alternatively, all powers can be given as absolute values, in which case certain signs in the above equations must be adjusted.

[0113] Another expansion option consists in calculating the minimum capacity of the home energy storage HS from the time integral of the difference between, on the one hand, the charge and discharge power of the electric vehicle EV and, on the other hand, the difference between the power measured with the aid of the first energy measurement device EM1 at the network connection point NAP and the base power. This can be performed for the charging process and the discharging process of the electric vehicle. The feed-in power Ls of an energy generation device can also be taken into account if present. In principle, the minimum capacity of the home energy storage HS can be determined by time-integrating or accumulating the "difference" between the power fed into the home network HN and the power extracted from the home network HN. For example, the time integration can be performed over the entire charge and discharge process or only over a part of it.

[0114] In this case, in step S11, the data processing device IT can also be notified of this minimum capacity of the home energy storage HS.

[0115] Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown.

[0116] Thus, in the embodiments and generally, in addition to or instead of the power observed over a period of time, the corresponding energy can also be observed. Thus, for example, in step S2, instead of the power averaged over a period of time Δt, the average energy E = L ∙ Δt can be observed. Furthermore, in step S5, it can be checked whether the energy used for charging measured during the charging process is at least approximately equal to the difference between the energy measured by means of the first energy measuring device EM1 and the average energy of the base consumption.

[0117] Generally, the term "one" can be understood as singular or plural, especially in the sense of "at least one" or "one or more", as long as this is not explicitly excluded, for example, by expressions such as "exactly one".

[0118] Quantitative specifications can also exactly include the specified quantity as well as the usual tolerance ranges, as long as this is not explicitly excluded.

[0119] List of reference numerals

[0120] BAT Drive battery

[0121] EFH Single-family house

[0122] EM1 Energy measuring device

[0123] EM2 Energy measuring device

[0124] EM3 Energy measuring device

[0125] EV Electric vehicle

[0126] EVSE Wallbox

[0127] HN Home network

[0128] HS Home energy storage

[0129] IT Data processing device

[0130] MSB Measurement point operator

[0131] NAP Network connection point

[0132] PV Photovoltaic installation

[0133] SVN Distribution network

[0134] SM Ammeter

[0135] SP Smart phone

[0136] S1 - S13 Method steps

[0137] VB - 1 Terminal load

[0138] VB-2 termination load

Claims

1. Method (S1 - S13) for determining the presence of a temporary energy storage (HS) connected to a local electrical energy network (HN) of a real estate (EFH), wherein, a first energy measurement device (EM1) is present at a network connection point (NAP) between the local energy network (HN) and a public energy distribution network (EVN) and a charging and discharging point (EVSE) for an electric vehicle (EV) is connected to the local energy network (HN) via a second energy measurement device (EM2) and in the method (S1 - S13), when an electric vehicle (EV) is connected to the charging and discharging point (EVSE), (a) measure the base power (S2) by means of the first energy measurement device (EM1) during a charging and discharging rest period of the electric vehicle (EV), (b) charge the battery (BAT) of the electric vehicle (EV) with the charging power measured by means of the second energy measurement device (EM2) at the charging and discharging point (EVSE) and simultaneously measure the power by means of the first energy measurement device (EM1) (S4), alternatively or in addition to step (b) (c) discharge the battery of the electric vehicle (EV) with the discharging power measured by means of the second energy measurement device (EM2) at the charging and discharging point (EVSE) and simultaneously measure the power by means of the first energy measurement device (EM1) (S6), and then (d) check whether the measured charging and discharging power during the charging and discharging process is at least approximately equal to the difference between the power measured by means of the first energy measurement device (EM1) and the base power (S5, S7), and (e) if this is the case (S8), assume that no temporary energy storage (HS) is connected to the local energy network (HN) (S9), otherwise assume (S8) that a temporary energy storage (HS) is connected to the local energy network (HN) (S10).

2. Method (S1 - S13) according to claim 1, wherein, perform steps (b) and (c) (S4, S6) and in step (d) in sub - step (d1) check whether the measured charging power during the charging process is at least approximately equal to the difference between the power measured by means of the first energy measurement device (EM1) and the base power (S5), and in sub - step (d2) check whether the measured discharging power during the discharging process is at least approximately equal to the difference between the power measured by means of the first energy measurement device (EM1) and the base power (S7), and in step (e) assume (S8) that no temporary energy storage (HS) is connected to the local energy network (HN) only when both sub - steps (d1) and (d2) are this case.

3. Method (S1 - S13) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, determine the fluctuation amplitude of the base power in step (a) (S3) and in step (d) check whether the measured discharging power during the discharging process is equal to the difference between the power measured by means of the first energy measurement device (EM1) and the base power within the fluctuation amplitude of the base power.

4. The method (S1 - S13) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the charging and discharging power is set to a value of at least 75% of the maximum charging and discharging power, especially set to the maximum charging and discharging power.

5. The method (S1 - S13) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the night time period at the location of the local energy network is selected as the time period for performing the method.

6. The method (S1 - S13) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, at least one electrical energy generation unit (PV) is connected to the local energy network (HN).

7. The method (S1 - S13) according to claim 6, wherein, the feed - in power fed by the at least one energy generation unit (PV) into the local energy network (HN) is measured by means of at least one third energy measurement device (EM3) and in step (a), during the charging and discharging rest phase of the electric vehicle (EV), the base power is measured by means of the first energy measurement device (EM1) and the reduced base power is calculated therefrom, the reduced base power being equal to the base power measured by means of the first energy measurement device (EM1) minus the feed - in power measured by means of the at least one third energy measurement device (EM3), and in step (d), it is checked whether the charging and discharging power measured during the charging and discharging process is at least approximately equal to the difference between the power measured by means of the first energy measurement device (EM1) and the sum of the reduced base power and the feed - in power.

8. The method (S1 - S13) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the minimum capacity of the stationary temporary energy storage (HS) is calculated from the time integral of the difference between, on the one hand, the charging and discharging power of the electric vehicle (EV) and, on the other hand, the difference between the power measured by means of the first energy measurement device (EM1) and the base power.

9. The method (S1 - S13) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, steps (a) to (e) are repeated daily or weekly when the electric vehicle (EV) is connected.

10. The method (S1 - S13) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the real estate (EFH) has at least one charging and discharging point (EVSE) for charging and discharging the electric vehicle (EV) and is equipped with a data processing device (IT) or is coupled to a data processing device, the data processing device being arranged to formulate a charging and discharging plan for charging and discharging the electric vehicle (EV) connected to the charging and discharging point (EVSE), and in the method if the data processing device (IT) is configured such that it starts from the assumption that no temporary electrical energy storage (HS) is connected to the local energy network (HN) and in step (e) assumes that a temporary energy storage (HS) is connected to the local energy network (HN), then at least one first action is triggered, and / or If the data processing device (IT) is configured such that it starts from the premise that there is a temporary energy storage (HS) connected to the local energy network and it is assumed in step (e) that there is no temporary energy storage (HS) connected to the local energy network (HN), then at least one second action is triggered.

11. The method (S1 - S13) according to claim 10, wherein, the first action includes at least one action from the group consisting of: notifying the user, reconfiguring the data processing device (IT) such that it starts from the premise that there is a temporary energy storage (HS) connected to the local energy network (HN).

12. The method (S1 - S13) according to claims 8 and 11, wherein, reconfiguring the data processing device includes notifying the data processing device of the minimum capacity of the temporary energy storage.

13. The method (S1 - S13) according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein, the second action includes at least one action from the group consisting of: notifying the user, reconfiguring the data processing device such that it starts from the premise that there is no temporary energy storage (HS) connected to the local energy network (HN).

14. Real estate (EFH), in particular a single-family house, wherein, the real estate (EFH) is arranged to run the method (S1 - S13) according to any one of the preceding claims.

15. A system (EFH, EV), comprising the real estate according to claim 14 and at least one electric vehicle (EV) connected to a charging and discharging point (EVSE) of the real estate (EFH).

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