Series battery unit formation device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery cell formation device, and more particularly, to a series battery cell formation device which charges and discharges by connecting a plurality of battery cells in series, thereby reducing the length and number of power lines in the device, and further minimizing power line loss and reducing cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a battery cell formation device for the formation process in a battery production line. Background Art

[0002] Secondary batteries are widely used in various fields such as portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and energy storage devices. In recent years, with the explosive growth of the electric vehicle market, the demand for secondary batteries has also increased sharply. In order to overcome problems such as resource depletion and environmental damage caused by fossil fuels, it is expected that the future demand for the capacity of secondary batteries will further increase. Currently, the battery industry mainly produces large-capacity single cells with a rated capacity of more than 100 A.

[0003] From the manufacturing process of secondary batteries, it can be roughly divided into an electrode manufacturing process, an assembly process, and a formation process. Among them, the formation process is a process of activating the chemical substances inside the secondary battery through charge and discharge, so that the battery has the actual use ability. This process is usually the longest stage in the entire manufacturing process. Usually, the formation of a single battery cell takes about 5 to 6 hours. Currently, the industry uses a method of separately charging and discharging and activating each battery cell. This means that a large number of formation devices are required, and each battery cell needs to be separately connected to a charge and discharge cable, occupying a large amount of space, resulting in high costs. Especially in the activation process of large-capacity battery cells with a rated capacity of more than 100 A, due to the need to connect thick cables, the problems of high costs and space occupation are further exacerbated. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (Problems to be Solved by the Invention)

[0005] Generally, the distance between the power supply part of the battery cell formation device and the battery cell is relatively far, so long power cables are required. In addition, as the capacity of the battery cell increases, the diameter of the cable also increases accordingly, resulting in problems such as an increase in the volume of the device, an increase in cost, and an increase in power loss.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems. The present invention is developed to solve the above problems. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a battery cell formation device that charges and discharges by connecting multiple battery cells in series, so as to reduce the length and quantity of power cables, thereby saving space and reducing cable loss to the maximum extent and reducing costs.

[0007] (Measures for Solving the Problems)

[0008] To achieve the above object, in a general aspect, a series battery cell forming device for performing charge and discharge by serially connecting a plurality of battery cells includes: performing charge and discharge by serially connecting a plurality of battery cells, including: a battery cell charge and discharge module, the battery cell charge and discharge module including one battery cell; a power supply unit for charging and discharging the battery cell; a pair of (+)(-) power supply lines connecting the battery cell and the power supply unit; a voltage sensor for detecting the voltage of the battery cell; and a current sensor for detecting the current of the battery cell;

[0009] It further includes: a channel controller for controlling one or more charge and discharge modules;

[0010] And a main controller communicatively connected to a plurality of channel controllers and transmitting various commands and monitoring the status,

[0011] Wherein, a plurality of unit charge and discharge modules are configured to be vertically stacked so that a plurality of battery cells are serially connected,

[0012] And the (-) power supply line of one unit charge and discharge module and the (+) power supply line of an adjacent unit charge and discharge module are integrally formed into a common power supply line.

[0013] In addition, when configuring the forming device for pouch battery cells, the present invention may include one or more trays in which a plurality of battery cells are accommodated, and within the same tray, the electrode directions of the battery cells are staggered so that the (-) polarity of one battery cell is connected to the (+) polarity of an adjacent battery cell, thereby serially connecting a plurality of battery cells.

[0014] Furthermore, when configuring the forming device for pouch battery cells, the present invention may vertically stack two trays, the two trays including a first tray and a second tray, wherein the (+) pole electrodes of the first tray are arranged in one direction, while the (+) pole electrodes of the second tray are arranged in a direction opposite to that of the first tray, and the battery cells of the first tray and the battery cells of the second tray can be alternately serially connected.

[0015] (Advantages of the Invention)

[0016] As described above, according to the series battery cell forming device of the present invention, when constructing a battery cell forming device that performs charge and discharge by serially connecting a plurality of battery cells, the number of power supply lines can be reduced, and the wiring harness structure for serially connecting a plurality of pouch battery cells can be simplified, thereby significantly shortening the length of the power supply lines. Accordingly, the losses caused by the cables can be minimized, and the cost of cable connection can be reduced. In addition, by adopting the series battery cell forming device of the present invention, the lowest cost, the smallest equipment size can be achieved, and the forming process can be performed extremely efficiently. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a conceptual schematic diagram of a battery formation device.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a battery cell formation device illustrating the traditional independent charge and discharge method.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a graph of the charge and discharge voltage and current characteristics of a general battery cell.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a physical diagram of a traditional battery cell formation device.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a traditional battery cell formation device.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the series battery cell formation device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 and Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the series battery cell formation device of the present invention when using a non-isolated sensor.

[0024] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the power supply unit of the series battery cell formation device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 It is a graph of the voltage and current characteristics of the series battery cell formation device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram showing a method of connecting battery cells in series using the same-polarity upper and lower tray arrangement.

[0027] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram showing a method of connecting battery cells in series using the opposite-polarity upper and lower tray arrangement. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following detailed description is merely exemplary and only shows the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not a limitation of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a general conceptual schematic diagram of a battery formation device.

[0030] The physically assembled battery is passed through a battery formation device to activate the internal chemical substances, enabling the battery to possess actual battery characteristics. The formation process includes two stages: pre-charging and main charging. During the pre-charging stage, the state of charge (SOC) of the battery cell is increased to approximately 30% through constant current charging, while the gas generated inside the battery is discharged (de-gassing). Subsequently, during the main charging stage, the SOC is further charged to 100%, and then discharging is performed.

[0031] In this regard, a battery formation device typically includes a power supply device (150) that rectifies and transforms commercial AC power and supplies current to the battery cells to be formed, thereby performing the charging process.

[0032] The battery formation device includes at least one tray (160) for accommodating the battery cells to be charged. The tray has a plate-like structure and is provided with at least one accommodation space for accommodating the battery cells.

[0033] The battery formation device may include a plurality of unit charge-discharge modules that are electrically connected to the electrodes (110, 120) of the plurality of battery cells mounted on the tray (160) and perform charge-discharge operations on the plurality of battery cells. The unit charge-discharge modules correspond one-to-one with their respective corresponding battery cells and may include a plurality of charge-discharge jigs (130) for clamping the electrodes to achieve connection with the battery cells.

[0034] The tray (160) and the jig unit (including the pin bed) and the power supply unit (150) are usually separated by a partition (140) to prevent the heat generated by the power supply unit (150) from affecting the battery cells. In addition, in order to charge the battery cells, a power cord connecting the battery cells and the power supply unit (150) is required.

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a conventional battery cell formation device with an independent charge-discharge method, while Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the voltage and current characteristics when the battery cell formation device performs charge and discharge. Generally, a battery cell formation device is used to charge and discharge the battery cells manufactured in a battery production line to ensure that they have appropriate characteristics.

[0036] Figure 3 The charging method of the shown battery cell formation device includes a constant current charging mode (CC mode) and a constant voltage charging mode (CV mode). At the initial stage of battery cell charging, the system supplies current in a constant current manner. When the voltage of the battery cell reaches the set termination voltage, it switches to the constant voltage mode for charging until the battery cell is fully charged.

[0037] Figure 2The conventional battery unit formation device shown adopts an independent charge and discharge method, that is, each battery unit is equipped with a separate power supply unit for charge and discharge. Therefore, constant current and constant voltage control can be carried out separately according to the characteristics of each battery unit.

[0038] Figure 4 shows the actual appearance of a battery unit formation device with a conventional independent charge and discharge method. Referring to Figure 4 it can be seen that the cables connecting the electrodes from the power supply unit to the jig unit take up a large amount of space. In other words, in a conventional battery unit formation device, in order to form a device that can charge and discharge multiple battery units simultaneously, each battery unit needs to be equipped with an independent power supply unit and connection cables. This results in an increase in installation costs and takes up a large amount of space. In addition, as the capacity of the battery unit increases, this problem becomes more serious.

[0039] Figure 5 shows the detailed structure of a conventional battery unit formation device. Referring to Figure 5 it can be known that a conventional battery unit formation device is basically composed of a unit charge and discharge module (for example, based on the first unit charge and discharge module 101), which includes a battery unit (C1), a power supply unit (Vs1) for charging and discharging the battery unit, (+)(-) power lines (211, 212) for connecting the battery unit (C1) and the power supply unit (Vs1), a relay (S1) provided between the power supply unit (Vs1) and the battery unit (C1), a voltage sensor (Vc1) for detecting the voltage of the battery unit (C1), and a current sensor (Rs1) for detecting the current of the battery unit (C1). In addition, in the case of charging and discharging multiple battery units simultaneously, multiple unit charge and discharge modules (101, 102, 103, 104) can be configured according to the number of battery units.

[0040] Here, taking four battery units that need to be charged and discharged as an example, the situation of configuring four unit charge and discharge modules is described, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the number of unit charge and discharge modules can be appropriately adjusted according to requirements.

[0041] In addition, the present invention may include a channel controller (501, 502) for controlling one or more unit charge and discharge modules. When multiple unit charge and discharge modules are configured, a main controller (700) may also be included. The main controller is connected to multiple channel controllers through communication for sending various instructions and monitoring the states of multiple unit charge and discharge modules. At the same time, in Figure 5 an example shows the situation where one channel controller controls two unit charge and discharge modules, but it is not limited thereto, and different configurations can be made according to the application environment.

[0042] On the other hand, in a traditional battery unit formation device, the unit charge and discharge module (for example, taking the first unit charge and discharge module 101 as an example) adopts a structure in which the (+) and (-) power supply lines (211, 212) are separately connected from the respective electrodes of the battery unit to the corresponding electrodes of the power supply unit (Vs1). Therefore, in order to construct a device for simultaneously charging and discharging multiple battery units, it is necessary to separately provide corresponding (+) and (-) power supply lines for each battery unit, which not only increases the installation cost but also occupies a large amount of space. For example, due to the relatively long distance between the power supply unit and the battery unit, long power supply lines are required, and as the capacity of the battery unit increases, the thickness of the power supply line also increases, resulting in an increase in the volume and cost of the device and generating a large amount of energy loss.

[0043] To overcome the limitations of the above traditional battery unit formation device, the present invention proposes a new connection structure for the battery unit formation device. Compared with the traditional structure, this structure greatly simplifies the cable connection method for simultaneously charging and discharging multiple battery units. For example, compared with the traditional method, the present invention can not only reduce the number of power supply lines required for simultaneously charging and discharging multiple battery units by nearly half, but also make the actual current in the power supply line close to zero, thereby greatly reducing the loss of the power supply line and enabling the charging and discharging process of each battery unit to proceed more efficiently.

[0044] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram showing the series battery unit formation device of the present invention.

[0045] The series battery unit formation device of the present invention connects multiple battery units in series by vertically stacking multiple unit charge and discharge modules. Figure 6 An example of stacking four unit charge and discharge modules is shown. Here, the vertical stacking is not limited to the physical vertical arrangement, but refers to the electrical stacking of the (+) and (-) electrodes of adjacent battery units through mutual connection. In addition, the present invention may include channel controllers (501, 502) for controlling one or more unit charge and discharge modules, and when multiple channel controllers are configured, it may further include a main controller (700), which sends various instructions to the multiple channel controllers and monitors their operating states. The multiple channel controllers and the main controller (700) can be connected through **communication line (600)**.

[0046] The channel controllers (501, 502) can independently control the output voltage and current of each unit charge and discharge module, thereby independently controlling the charging and discharging current and voltage of each battery unit connected in series.

[0047] In the present invention, the channel controllers (501, 502) initially control the output currents of all unit charge-discharge modules to be constant, such that all serially-connected battery cells are charged in a constant current mode. When the voltages of some battery cells reach the termination voltage, the channel controllers switch their charging mode to a constant voltage mode to maintain a constant voltage, while continuing to charge the remaining battery cells in a constant current manner. Subsequently, among the remaining battery cells, the battery cells that reach the termination voltage are sequentially switched to the constant voltage charging mode in the order in which they reach the termination voltage, and for the battery cells in the constant voltage charging mode, when their charging current drops below a preset value, their charging process is terminated until the charging processes of all battery cells are sequentially completed.

[0048] In the present invention, the power supply unit included in one or more unit charge-discharge modules may be equipped with a circuit breaker for cutting off the output of the power supply unit, and may include current sensors (Rs1~Rs4) for measuring the output current of the power supply unit, and these current sensors are configured in series at the output end of the power supply unit. For example, at the output end of the power supply unit, there may be output cut-off switches (S1~S4) for charging and discharging the battery cells and cutting off the output. Compared with Figure 7 the structure of disposing switches around the battery cells as shown, these output cut-off switches (S1~S4) are integrated on the channel board including the power supply unit, thereby simplifying the overall configuration. Additionally, in another embodiment, the output cut-off switches may be arranged around the battery cells as Figure 7 shown. Furthermore, Figure 7 shows a case where the unit charge-discharge modules (101~104) are configured to use the channel controllers (511~514), where the ground wires of each channel are independent of each other.

[0049] In the present invention, when a certain one of multiple battery cells fails, the output cut-off switches (S1~S4) of the corresponding power supply unit can be turned off to isolate the faulty battery cell. In this case, the common power line adjacent to the faulty battery cell will lose its current cancellation effect, so the rated current will flow through this power line.

[0050] Here, the output cut-off switches (S1~S4) can be implemented using semiconductor switch elements, but preferably relays (S1~S4) are used to minimize the conduction resistance loss.

[0051] Compared with the traditional method, the series battery cell formation device of the present disclosure has differences in the connection manner of the battery cells and the power lines to further simplify the charging and discharging cable structure of multiple battery cells.

[0052] For example, referring to Figure 6, the series battery cell formation device in the present invention is constituted by vertically stacking a plurality of unit charge and discharge modules, and in adjacent unit charge and discharge modules, the (-) power supply line of one unit charge and discharge module and the (+) power supply line of the adjacent unit charge and discharge module can be integrated into a common power supply line (301).

[0053] By replacing the two power supply lines overlapping between adjacent unit charge and discharge modules with a common power supply line, compared with the structure of the conventional battery cell formation device, the number of power supply lines can be reduced by nearly half. For example, in a conventional battery cell formation device, each battery cell requires two power supply lines, while in the series battery cell formation device of the present disclosure, the number of power supply lines required can be determined by adding 1 to the number of serially connected battery cells.

[0054] In addition, since the charge and discharge currents in the common power supply line cancel each other out and almost no current flows through, the cable loss can be significantly reduced. Especially in the constant current charging mode, since the currents of each unit charge and discharge module are the same, the current flowing through the common power supply line is completely zero, so the loss of the common power supply line is also zero. In the constant voltage charging mode, due to the capacity difference of the battery cells, a small amount of current may flow, but compared with the conventional method, this current is much smaller.

[0055] In the present invention, the number of vertically stacked unit charge and discharge modules can be limited within a preset range to ensure that there is no risk of electric shock to the human body when personnel are allowed to contact the formation device. Preferably, the preset range can be defined as 50V to 60V, the voltage reference value of the series battery cells. When the power supply unit is in the on state and personnel contact is restricted, the number of stacked unit charge and discharge modules can be unrestricted. For example, in an electric vehicle battery cell formation device, a formation device with 72 channels is usually used, and at this time, the total voltage of the series battery cells can reach 72 × 4.2V = 288.2V. In this case, the isolation voltage of the power supply unit, the power supply line, the power contactor (for connecting the power supply line and the battery cell electrode), the tray for accommodating the battery cells, etc. must be increased as the number of stacked unit charge and discharge modules increases. In addition, the power supply unit, the power supply line, and the battery cells should have a higher insulation strength relative to the frame, jig unit, battery cell tray, housing, etc. they contact to adapt to the increasing number of series battery cells.

[0056] In addition, preferably, the power supply unit should have a function of being able to turn off all power supply units when the door of the formation device is opened to prevent electric shock accidents when personnel are inspecting the formation device.

[0057] On the other hand, in the battery unit formation device as described in the present invention, since each battery unit is connected in series in a vertically stacked manner and adjacent unit charge-discharge modules share a power supply line, communication confusion may occur between the unit charge-discharge modules. Therefore, in the formation device of the present invention, preferably, the communication drivers (not shown) in the channel controllers (501, 502) and the main controller (700) included in the unit charge-discharge modules should adopt isolated drivers to overcome the communication potential difference between the main controller and the multiple channel controllers.

[0058] As Figure 6 shown, when the channel controller controls two or more unit charge-discharge modules, the potential levels of the voltage sensors and current sensors included in the unit charge-discharge modules are different, so non-isolated sensors cannot be used for detection. Instead, isolated sensors should be used, or the DC components of each sensor should be eliminated through differential amplifiers (401, 402, 403, 404). In addition, the power supply unit and the channel controller can eliminate the DC component by grounding through a capacitor instead of directly connecting to the ground wire.

[0059] On the other hand, the series battery unit formation device of the present invention can also be configured with non-isolated sensors as voltage sensors and current sensors.

[0060] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram showing that the series battery unit formation device of the present invention adopts non-isolated sensors.

[0061] Referring to Figure 8 , the series battery unit formation device of the present invention can group two adjacent unit charge-discharge modules into two units, and the current sensors, power supply units, and output cut-off switches of each unit charge-discharge module are connected in series symmetrically with the shared power supply line as the center.

[0062] In this way, when the current sensors, power supply units, and output cut-off switches of two adjacent unit charge-discharge modules are symmetrically arranged with the shared power supply line as the center, non-isolated sensors can be used to measure the voltages and currents of two adjacent battery units. In this case, non-isolated amplifiers (407, 408, 409, 410) can be used.

[0063] More specifically, although two adjacent unit charge-discharge modules are controlled by one channel controller, the power ground and ground wire of the channel controller share the shared power supply line (405, 406). Therefore, non-isolated voltage sensors and non-isolated current sensors can be used to measure the voltages and currents of two adjacent battery units.

[0064] Figure 9It is a schematic diagram showing the power supply structure of the series battery unit formation device of the present invention.

[0065] Referring to Figure 9 , in the series battery unit formation device of the present invention, the power supply of each channel is composed of an isolated DC / DC converter (803). The isolated DC / DC converter (803) is controlled by channel controllers (501, 502), and transmits data such as the voltage, current, and temperature of the battery unit to the corresponding channel controller. The input end of the isolated DC / DC converter receives the DC power supply provided by the AC / DC converter (800). Multiple isolated DC / DC converters can be connected to the DC power line (802) connected by one AC / DC converter, and the input end of the AC / DC converter can be connected to the commercial AC power line (801).

[0066] Figure 10 It is a chart showing the voltage and current characteristics of the series battery unit formation device of the present invention.

[0067] Referring to Figure 10 , in the device of the present invention, when all battery units are operating normally, the currents flowing through the common power lines (301, 302, 303) cancel each other out, and in the constant current charging mode, the current in this part approaches zero. When in the constant voltage charging mode, due to the capacity difference between adjacent battery units, there will be a corresponding current flow, but this current is much smaller than the charge and discharge current of the battery unit itself, so the energy loss caused by the power line can be significantly reduced. Preferably, all unit charge and discharge modules should start constant current charging synchronously to cancel out the current in the common power line as much as possible. Since the current flowing through the common power line is very small compared to the rated charge and discharge current, the thickness of the common power line can be greatly reduced. However, when a certain battery unit fails, the relays (S1~S4) connected in series with the faulty battery unit will be closed, and the rated current will flow through the common power line connected to the (+) terminal and the common power line connected to the (-) terminal of the faulty battery unit. Therefore, the capacity of the common power line cannot be reduced and should be used according to the rated capacity. In addition, as Figure 6 and Figure 8 shown, the relays (S1~S4) can be arranged on the side close to the power supply (Vs1~Vs4), but can also be arranged on the side close to the battery unit as shown in Figure 7 .

[0068] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram showing the series connection method with the same polarity direction of battery units in the general upper and lower tray arrangement.

[0069] As Figure 11As shown, the method of serially connecting battery cells is a way in which the battery cells on the upper tray are serially connected to each other, and the battery cells on the lower tray are serially connected to each other. In this case, in order to serially connect the battery cells, it is necessary to connect the (+) electrode to the (-) electrode of the next battery cell on one side of the battery cell, so the length of the serial connection line (900) must be long. In addition, since the currents do not cancel each other out and the charge and discharge currents of the battery cells always flow through the serial connection line (900), there is no substantial difference in terms of cable length and loss compared with the existing independent charge and discharge method. Although the length of the common power supply line (300) is configured to be short, since the current cannot flow normally, it does not bring a significant effect.

[0070] On the other hand, in the method of serially connecting battery cells of the present invention, by staggering the electrode directions of the serially connected battery cells, the length of the serial connection line for serially connecting a plurality of battery cells can be significantly shortened.

[0071] The first method is to stagger the electrode directions of the battery cells within the same tray (not shown). More specifically, the electrode directions of the battery cells within the same tray are staggered so that the (-) polarity of one battery cell is connected to the (+) polarity of the adjacent battery cell, thereby achieving the serial connection of a plurality of battery cells, and the common power supply line is led out from the opposite side of the serial connection point so that the two power supply parts can be connected around the common power supply line. In this case, the length of the serial connection line can be configured to be the shortest, but during the production process of the battery cells, the probability of incorrect electrode directions is relatively high.

[0072] The second method is that the battery cells on the upper tray and the lower tray are serially connected in a staggered manner, as Figure 12 shown. In this method, compared with the method of staggering within the same tray, the length of the serial connection line is slightly longer, but compared with the traditional method, it can still significantly reduce the length of the serial connection line.

[0073] More specifically, referring to Figure 12 , in the device of the present invention, when the battery cells (C1 to C8) are pouch batteries and the (+) and (-) electrodes are located at both ends of the battery cells, the trays adopt a vertically stacked structure, wherein the (+) electrodes of the battery cells in the upper tray (the first tray) face one direction, and the (+) electrodes of the battery cells in the lower tray (the second tray) face the direction opposite to that of the first tray.

[0074] Here, the (-) electrode of the first battery cell (C1) of the first tray is connected to the electrode of the first battery cell (C2) of the second tray, the (-) electrode of the first battery cell (C2) of the second tray is connected to the (+) electrode of the second battery cell (C3) of the first tray, and the (-) electrode of the second battery cell (C3) of the first tray is again connected to the (+) electrode of the second battery cell (C4) of the second tray. Thus, the battery cells of the first tray and the second tray are connected in series in an alternating manner. The length of the **series connection wire (900)** used to connect the battery cells of the first tray and the second tray is very short, and since the battery cell current always flows through all the battery cells, it has extremely low losses and a significant cost-saving effect.

[0075] The common power supply line of the unit charge and discharge module is connected from one side to the opposite side of the jig unit, so the cable length is long, but the number of cables is reduced by half, which helps to reduce costs. And since there is usually no current flowing through the common power supply line, no heat is generated, which is an advantage of this structure.

[0076] The configuration of the common power supply line is as follows.

[0077] The (+) electrode of the first battery cell (C1) of the first tray is connected to the (+) output terminal of the first power supply unit (Vs1) through a power supply line, and the (-) electrode of the first battery cell (C1) of the first tray is connected to the output terminal of the second power supply unit (Vs2) through the **common power supply line (300)**.

[0078] The (+) electrode of the second battery cell (C2) of the first tray is connected to the output terminal of the third power supply unit (Vs3) through the **common power supply line (300), and the (-) electrode of the second battery cell (C2) of the first tray is connected to the (+) output terminal of the fourth power supply unit (Vs4) through the common power supply line (300)**.

[0079] The (+) electrode of the third battery cell (C3) of the first tray is connected to the output terminal of the fifth power supply unit (Vs5) through the **common power supply line (300), and the (-) electrode of the third battery cell (C3) of the first tray is connected to the output terminal of the sixth power supply unit (Vs6) through the common power supply line (300)**.

[0080] The (+) electrode of the fourth battery cell (C4) of the first tray is connected to the output terminal of the seventh power supply unit (Vs7) through the **common power supply line (300), and the (-) electrode of the fourth battery cell (C4) of the first tray is connected to the output terminal of the eighth power supply unit (Vs8) through the common power supply line (300)**.

[0081] Similarly, the (+) electrode of the n-th battery cell of the first tray is connected to the (+) output terminal of the (2n - 1) power supply unit through the **common power line (300)**, and the (-) electrode of the n-th battery cell is connected to the (+) output terminal of the (2n) power supply unit through the **common power line (300)**.

[0082] The (-) electrode of the n-th battery cell of the second tray is connected to the (-) output terminal of the (2n) power supply unit through a power line, and all (2n) power supply units are connected in series to the first power supply unit.

[0083] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure described above have been described in detail in conjunction with the present specification and the drawings, and specific terms have been used. However, these terms are only used to more intuitively describe the technical content of the present disclosure and help understand the present disclosure, and are not used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can understand that various modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these modifications and variations should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0084] (Description of reference numerals)

[0085] C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8: Battery cells;

[0086] Vs1, Vs2, Vs3, Vs4: Power supply units;

[0087] S1, S2, S3, S4: Output cut-off switches, relays;

[0088] Vc1, Vc2, Vc3, Vc4: Voltage sensors;

[0089] Rs1, Rs2, Rs3, Rs4: Current sensors;

[0090] 101, 102, 103, 104: Unit charge and discharge modules;

[0091] 211, 221, 231, 241: (+) Power lines;

[0092] 212, 222, 232, 242: (-) Power lines;

[0093] 300, 301, 302, 303: Common power lines;

[0094] 401, 402, 403, 404: Differential amplifiers;

[0095] 407, 408, 409, 410: Non-isolated amplifiers;

[0096] 501, 502, 511, 512, 513, 514: Channel controllers;

[0097] 600: Communication line;

[0098] 700: Main controller;

[0099] 800: AC / DC converter;

[0100] 801: AC power line;

[0101] 802: DC power line;

[0102] 803: Isolated DC / DC converter;

[0103] 900: Series connection line.

Claims

1. A series battery cell formation device that performs charge and discharge by connecting multiple battery cells in series. Characterized in that, It includes: A cell charge and discharge module, which includes a battery cell, a power supply unit for charging and discharging the battery cell, a pair of (+)(-) power lines connecting the battery cell and the power supply unit, a voltage sensor for detecting the voltage of the battery cell, and a current sensor for detecting the current of the battery cell; A channel controller that controls one or more cell charge and discharge modules; A main controller that is communicatively connected to multiple channel controllers, sends various commands, and monitors the status; Among them, multiple cell charge and discharge modules are configured to be vertically stacked so that multiple battery cells are connected in series, and the (-) power line of one cell charge and discharge module and the (+) power line of the adjacent cell charge and discharge module are integrated into a common power line.

2. The series battery cell formation device according to claim 1, Wherein, When the current of each cell charge and discharge module is the same, the current flowing through the common power line is zero.

3. The series battery cell formation device according to claim 1, Wherein, The channel controller independently controls the output voltage and current of each cell charge and discharge module to independently control the charge and discharge current and voltage of each battery cell connected in series.

4. The series battery cell formation device according to claim 3, Wherein, The channel controller initially controls the output current of all cell charge and discharge modules to a constant value, so that all battery cells connected in series are charged with a constant current. And when the voltage of some battery cells reaches the end voltage, the battery cell is switched to constant voltage charging to maintain a constant voltage, while the remaining battery cells continue to be charged with a constant current. Subsequently, the monomers that reach the end voltage first among the remaining battery cells are sequentially switched to constant voltage charging. And for the battery cells in the constant voltage charging state, when the charging current drops below the set value, the charging is terminated, thereby sequentially terminating the charging of all battery cells.

5. The series battery cell formation device according to claim 1, Wherein, The power supply unit is configured with an output cut-off switch for cutting off the output of the power supply unit, and a current sensor connected in series at the output end of the power supply unit to measure the output current.

6. The series battery cell formation device according to claim 1, Wherein, The cell charge and discharge modules are configured in groups of two, and the current sensors, power supply units, and output cut-off switches of each cell charge and discharge module are symmetrically connected in series with the common power line as the center.

7. The series battery cell formation device according to claim 1, Wherein, The channel controller controls two adjacent cell charge and discharge modules through one channel controller, connects the ground of the channel controller to the common power line, and uses a non-isolated voltage sensor and a non-isolated current sensor to measure the voltage and current of two adjacent battery cells.

8. The series battery cell formation device according to claim 1, Wherein, The communication between the main controller and the channel controller uses an isolated communication driver (Isolated Driver) that can overcome the potential difference.

9. The series battery cell formation device according to claim 1, wherein, when a certain one of the multiple battery cells fails during charging or discharging, the output cut-off switch of the corresponding power supply unit is turned off to isolate the faulty battery cell, and when the battery cell is isolated, current cancellation no longer occurs in the common power supply line adjacent thereto, so that the rated current flows therethrough.

10. The series battery cell formation device according to claim 1, wherein, the capacity of the common power supply line is designed to allow the rated charge and discharge current to flow through.

11. The series battery cell formation device according to claim 1, wherein, when the battery cell is a soft-pack battery cell and the (+)(-) electrodes are respectively located at both ends of the battery cell, the battery cell is accommodated in one or more trays, and within the same tray, the electrode directions of the battery cells are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the (-) polarity of one battery cell is connected to the (+) polarity of the adjacent battery cell, thereby connecting multiple battery cells in series, and the common power supply line is led out from the opposite direction of the series connection point, and two power supply units are connected with the common power supply line as the center.

12. The series battery cell formation device according to claim 1, wherein, when the battery cell is a soft-pack battery cell and the (+)(-) electrodes of the battery cell are respectively located at both ends, multiple battery cells are accommodated in two trays, and the two trays are vertically stacked and arranged, the (+) electrodes of the battery cells in the first tray are arranged in the same direction, the (+) electrodes of the battery cells in the second tray are arranged in the direction opposite to that of the first tray, and the (-) electrode of the first battery cell in the first tray is connected to the (+) electrode of the first battery cell in the second tray, the (-) electrode of the first battery cell in the second tray is connected to the (+) electrode of the second battery cell in the first tray, and the (-) electrode of the second battery cell in the first tray is connected to the (+) electrode of the second battery cell in the second tray again, so that the battery cells in the first tray and the second tray are connected in series in a staggered manner.

13. The series battery cell formation device according to claim 12, wherein, The (+) pole electrode of the first battery unit of the first tray is connected to the (+) output terminal of the first power supply unit through a power line, the (-) pole electrode of the first battery unit is connected to the (+) output terminal of the second power supply unit through a common power line, the (+) pole electrode of the second battery unit is connected to the (+) output terminal of the third power supply unit through a common power line, the (-) pole electrode of the second battery unit is connected to the (+) output terminal of the fourth power supply unit through a common power line, the (+) pole electrode of the third battery unit is connected to the (+) output terminal of the fifth power supply unit through a common power line, the (-) pole electrode of the third battery unit is connected to the (+) output terminal of the sixth power supply unit through a common power line, the (+) pole electrode of the fourth battery unit is connected to the (+) output terminal of the seventh power supply unit through a common power line, the (-) pole electrode of the fourth battery unit is connected to the (+) output terminal of the eighth power supply unit through a common power line, the (+) pole electrode of the nth battery unit is connected to the (+) output terminal of the (2n - 1)th power supply unit through a common power line, the (-) pole electrode of the nth battery unit is connected to the (+) output terminal of the (2n)th power supply unit through a common power line, the (-) pole electrode of the nth battery unit of the second tray is connected to the (-) output terminal of the (2n)th power supply unit through a power line, and all (2n) power supply units are connected in series.

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