Pathological sampling instrument for laparoscope

Abstract

The invention particularly relates to a pathological sampling instrument for a laparoscope, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments.The pathological sampling instrument for the laparoscope comprises a first cylinder, a second cylinder, a tong head mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a sampling mechanism, the second cylinder is coaxially nested in the first cylinder, and a first containing cavity is formed between the second cylinder and the first cylinder; the second barrel is provided with a second accommodating cavity, and a first opening and a second opening which are communicated with the second accommodating cavity; the tong head mechanism is arranged at the first end part of the first cylinder body; the transmission mechanism is connected with the tong head mechanism, the transmission mechanism is arranged around the central axis of the first barrel, the transmission mechanism comprises a locking assembly, and the locking assembly is arranged in the first containing cavity; the sampling mechanism comprises a sampling rod and a fixing assembly; the sampling rod is arranged in the second accommodating cavity and respectively penetrates through the first opening and the second opening of the second barrel; the fixing assembly is arranged in the first containing cavity. According to the pathological sampling instrument for the laparoscope, a plurality of samples can be temporarily placed without repeatedly taking out the pathological sampling instrument for the laparoscope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly relates to a pathological sampling instrument for laparoscopy. Background Art

[0002] As a minimally invasive technique, laparoscopic surgery has been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of abdominal diseases. In laparoscopic surgery, pathological tissue sampling is a key step in diagnosing the nature of the disease. Usually, a biopsy forceps is used as the pathological sampling instrument, and the biopsy forceps is sent into the patient's body through the endoscopic forceps channel to clamp the tissue at the lesion site.

[0003] Currently, when using the existing biopsy forceps for pathological sampling, in order to ensure the accuracy of diagnosing the nature of the disease, the biopsy forceps usually need to be repeatedly inserted and withdrawn to obtain samples. However, repeatedly inserting the biopsy forceps into the patient's lesion site is not only cumbersome but also increases the risk of sampling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.

[0005] This application provides a pathological sampling instrument for laparoscopy, which includes a first cylinder, a second cylinder, a forceps head mechanism, a transmission mechanism, and a sampling mechanism. The second cylinder is coaxially nested within the first cylinder, and there is a first cavity between the second cylinder and the first cylinder. The second cylinder has a second cavity, as well as a first opening and a second opening communicating with the second cavity. The forceps head mechanism is provided at the first end of the first cylinder. The transmission mechanism is connected to the forceps head mechanism and is arranged around the central axis of the first cylinder. The transmission mechanism is used to control the closing of the forceps head mechanism, and the transmission mechanism includes a locking component provided in the first cavity. The locking component is used to maintain the closing of the forceps head mechanism. The sampling mechanism includes a sampling rod and a fixing component. The sampling rod is provided in the second cavity and passes through the first opening and the second opening of the second cylinder respectively. The sampling rod cooperates with the forceps head mechanism to bring the sample into the second cavity from the first opening. The fixing component is provided in the first cavity and is slidably connected to the barrel walls at both ends of the first cylinder respectively. The fixing component at least partially passes through the barrel wall of the second cylinder to fix the sample in the second cavity. The fixing component is arranged around the central axis of the first cylinder and moves synchronously with the sampling rod. This application can temporarily place multiple samples without repeatedly removing the sampling instrument.

[0006] In some technical solutions, a limiting circular plate is provided on the outer wall of the second end of the first cylinder. The limiting circular plate is provided with a through hole matching the sampling rod, and the limiting circular plate is used to cover the second opening.

[0007] In some technical schemes, the clamp head mechanism includes a first clamp head tool and a second clamp head tool. The first clamp head tool and the second clamp head tool are provided with opposite semicircular notches at the ends near the first cylinder. When the first clamp head tool and the second clamp head tool are closed, a circular through hole is formed for the sampling rod to enter and exit.

[0008] In some technical schemes, the transmission mechanism includes a pull rope, which is arranged in the first cavity. The pull rope passes through the first end and the second end of the first cylinder. One end of the pull rope that passes through the first end of the first cylinder is transmission-connected to the pliers head assembly, and the other end of the pull rope is for user operation; the locking assembly is slidably connected to the pull rope, and the locking assembly is used to limit the position of the pull rope to keep the pliers head mechanism closed.

[0009] In some technical schemes, the locking assembly includes a fixed plate, a sliding plate, a contact plate, a limiting guide rod, a movable plate and a snap-in tooth. The fixed plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second end of the first cylinder, and the fixed plate forms a groove; the sliding plate slides up and down along the groove, and the opposite surfaces of the sliding plate and the fixed plate are connected by a first spring, and the outer surface of the sliding plate facing away from the first spring is provided with a snap-in rack; the contact plate passes through the second end of the first cylinder and extends into the groove, and the contact plate is used to limit the sliding of the sliding plate; one end of the limiting guide rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second end of the first cylinder, and the other end of the limiting guide rod is provided with a baffle; the movable plate is slidably connected to the limiting guide rod, and the movable plate is fixedly connected to the pull rope; the snap-in tooth and the opposite surface of the movable plate are connected by a second spring, and the snap-in tooth matches the snap-in rack.

[0010] In some technical solutions, the engaging tooth matches the tooth of the engaging rack, the tooth includes a first side surface and a second side surface, the first side surface is an inclined surface, and the second side surface is a vertical surface, the first side surface of the engaging tooth slides with the first side surface of the engaging rack, and the second side surface of the engaging tooth abuts against the second side surface of the engaging rack.

[0011] In some technical solutions, one end of the sliding plate close to the inner wall of the first cylinder is provided with a chamfer; the end of the abutment plate extending into the groove is provided with a chamfer matching the chamfer of the sliding plate.

[0012] In some technical schemes, the fixing assembly includes a mounting plate, a plurality of limit pins, a rectangular plate, a sliding column and a pushing rod, the mounting plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the first cylinder at both ends; a plurality of limit pins are arranged on the side of the mounting plate close to the second cylinder, and the limit pins pass through the cylinder wall of the second cylinder to fix the sample in the second cavity; the rectangular plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mounting plate away from the second cylinder, the rectangular plate is provided with an inclined sliding groove, and the rectangular plate and the opposite surface of the inner wall of the first cylinder are connected by a third spring; the sliding column is arranged in the inclined sliding groove, and the two ends of the sliding column are respectively connected to connecting plates; one end of the pushing rod is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, and the other end of the pushing rod passes through the second end of the first cylinder, and the pushing rod drives the sliding column to slide along the inclined sliding groove.

[0013] In some technical solutions, multiple limit pins are evenly distributed on the side of the mounting plate close to the second cylinder.

[0014] In some technical solutions, the end of the push rod passing through the first cylinder is connected to the spring rod, and the spring rod is clamped to the outer wall of the sampling rod so that the sampling rod can drive the push rod to act.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the above technical solutions provided by the present application at least include the following technical effects: The transmission mechanism of the present application includes a locking component, and the locking component is used to keep the jaw mechanism closed, so that when using the laparoscopic pathological sampling instrument, it is not necessary to apply an external force to the pull rope at all times. By pulling the sampling rod, the sample cut by the jaw mechanism is brought from the first opening into the second cavity. During the process of pulling the sampling rod, the fixed component can be driven to act, so as to cancel the fixation of the sample in the second cavity by the fixed component. During the process of pushing the sampling rod, the fixed component will fix the sample again to continue repeated sampling. The present application can realize that multiple samples can be temporarily placed in the second cavity without repeatedly taking out the laparoscopic pathological sampling instrument.

[0016] The additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become obvious in the following description part, or be understood through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become obvious and easy to understand from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, where: Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a laparoscopic pathological sampling instrument according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a top view of a laparoscopic pathological sampling instrument according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is Figure 3 a structural schematic diagram of the cross-section at A-A in Figure 5 is Figure 4 a structural schematic diagram of area A in Figure 6 is a front view of a laparoscopic pathological sampling instrument according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 is Figure 6 a structural schematic diagram of the cross-section at B-B in Figure 8 is Figure 7 a structural schematic diagram of area B in Figure 9 It is a right view of a pathological sampling instrument for laparoscopy according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Reference numerals: 100, the first cylinder; 110, the adapter plate; 120, the limiting circular plate; 200, the forceps head mechanism; 210, the first forceps head cutter; 220, the second forceps head cutter; 300, the transmission mechanism; 310, the pull rope; 320, the short rod; 330, the rotating plate; 340, the locking assembly; 341, the fixing plate; 342, the first spring; 343, the sliding plate; 3431, the engaging rack; 344, the abutting plate; 345, the engaging tooth; 346, the second spring; 347, the movable plate; 348, the limiting guide rod; 400, the second cylinder; 500, the sampling mechanism; 510, the sampling rod; 520, the fixing assembly; 521, the mounting plate; 522, the limiting pin; 523, the rectangular plate; 5231, the inclined sliding groove; 524, the third spring; 525, the sliding column; 5251, the connecting plate; 526, the pushing rod; 527, the spring rod; 528, the arc plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0020] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, rather than to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally means an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0021] Next, refer to Figures 1 to 9 Describe a pathological sampling instrument for laparoscopy provided according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0022] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 4 and Figure 7, A pathological sampling instrument for laparoscopy includes a first cylinder 100, a second cylinder 400, a clamp head mechanism 200, a transmission mechanism 300, and a sampling mechanism 500. The second cylinder 400 is coaxially nested within the first cylinder 100. There is a first cavity between the second cylinder 400 and the first cylinder 100. The second cylinder 400 has a second cavity, as well as a first opening and a second opening that communicate with the second cavity. The clamp head mechanism 200 is provided at the first end of the first cylinder 100. The transmission mechanism 300 is connected to the clamp head mechanism 200. The transmission mechanism 300 is arranged around the central axis of the first cylinder 100 and is used to control the closing of the clamp head mechanism 200. The transmission mechanism 300 includes a locking assembly 340, and the locking assembly 340 is provided within the first cavity and is used to maintain the closing of the clamp head mechanism 200. The sampling mechanism 500 includes a sampling rod 510 and a fixing assembly 520. The sampling rod 510 is provided within the second cavity and passes through the first opening and the second opening of the second cylinder 400 respectively. The sampling rod 510 cooperates with the clamp head mechanism 200 to bring the sample into the second cavity from the first opening. The fixing assembly 520 is provided within the first cavity and is slidably connected to the barrel walls at both ends of the first cylinder respectively. At least part of the fixing assembly passes through the barrel wall of the second cylinder to fix the sample within the second cavity. The fixing assembly is arranged around the central axis of the first cylinder and moves synchronously with the sampling rod.

[0023] In this embodiment, the second cylinder 400 is coaxially nested within the first cylinder 100. The lengths of the second cylinder 400 and the first cylinder 100 can be the same. The second cylinder 400 can share the end of the first cylinder 100. The first opening and the second opening are at both ends of the second cylinder 400, and the first opening and the second opening are larger than the outer diameter of the sampling rod 510. The specific dimensions can be set according to actual needs so that the sample can be smoothly brought into the second cavity by the sampling rod 510. The transmission mechanism 300 is symmetrically arranged with the axis of the first cylinder 100 as the center. The clamp head mechanism 200 can be closed through the transmission mechanism 300, that is, the sample is cut, and the clamp head mechanism 200 is maintained in the closed state through the locking mechanism 340. At this time, the sampling rod 510 cooperates with the clamp head mechanism 200 to temporarily place the sample cut by the clamp head mechanism 200 in the second cavity, preparing for the next sampling. The fixing assembly 520 at least partially passes through the barrel wall of the second cylinder 400. When the sampling rod 510 is ready for the next sampling, the sample within the second cavity is fixed to prevent the sampling rod 510 from taking out the previous sample during the next sampling.

[0024] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 9 , on the outer wall of the second end of the first cylinder 100, there is a limiting circular plate 120. The limiting circular plate 120 is provided with a through hole that matches the sampling rod 510, and the limiting circular plate 120 is used to cover the second opening.

[0025] In this embodiment, the limiting circular plate 120 is detachably connected to the outer wall of the second end of the first cylinder 100, and can be connected by means such as clamping, buckling or threading, which facilitates the removal of the limiting circular plate 120 from the first cylinder 100 so as to take out the sample in the first accommodating cavity through the second opening. A through hole matching the sampling rod 510 may be provided at the center of the limiting circular plate 120 to facilitate the sliding of the sampling rod 510.

[0026] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the jaw mechanism 200 includes a first jaw cutter 210 and a second jaw cutter 220. Opposite semi-circular notches are provided at the ends of the first jaw cutter 210 and the second jaw cutter 220 close to the first cylinder 100. When the first jaw cutter 210 and the second jaw cutter 220 are closed, a circular through hole is formed for the sampling rod 510 to enter and exit.

[0027] In this embodiment, opposite semi-circular notches are provided at the ends of the first jaw cutter 210 and the second jaw cutter 220 close to the first cylinder 100. The semi-circular notch of the first jaw cutter 210 is symmetrical to the semi-circular notch of the second jaw cutter 220 and has the same size.

[0028] It can be understood that a needle is fixedly connected to the sampling end of the sampling rod 510, and the needle of the sampling rod 510 can pass through the second cylinder 400 and pass through the circular through hole formed by the semi-circular notch of the first jaw cutter 210 and the semi-circular notch of the second jaw cutter 220.

[0029] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 , the transmission mechanism 300 includes a pull rope 310. The pull rope 310 is arranged in the first accommodating cavity, passes through the first end and the second end of the first cylinder 100. One end of the pull rope 310 passing out of the first end of the first cylinder 100 is in transmission connection with the jaw assembly, and the other end of the pull rope 310 is for the user to operate; the locking assembly 340 is slidably connected to the pull rope 310, and the locking assembly 340 is used to limit the position of the pull rope 310 to keep the jaw mechanism 200 closed.

[0030] In this embodiment, the first end and the second end of the first cylinder 100 are both provided with through holes for the pull rope 310 to pass through, and one end of the pull rope 310 passing through the first end of the first cylinder 100 is transmission-connected to the pliers assembly. Specifically, one end of the pull rope 310 passing through the first end of the first cylinder 100 is fixedly connected to the transverse short rod 320, and the first end of the first cylinder 100 is fixedly connected to a symmetrical adapter plate 110, and the inner surface of the adapter plate 110 is rotatably connected to a symmetrical rotating plate 330, and a torsion spring is installed at the rotating shaft of the rotating plate 330 rotatably connected to the inner surface of the adapter plate 110. One end of one rotating plate 330 is fixedly connected to the first pliers tool 210, and the other end is fixedly connected to its corresponding short rod 320; one end of the other rotating plate 330 is fixedly connected to the second pliers tool 220, and the other end is fixedly connected to its corresponding short rod 320. It is understandable that when the pull rope 310 is not pulled, the length of the pull rope 310 passing through one end of the second end of the first cylinder 100 is sufficient for user operation and can also be used to connect with other devices.

[0031] For example, when using the laparoscopic pathology sampling instrument, the laparoscopic pathology sampling instrument is first inserted into the patient's lesion, and then the two pull ropes 310 are pulled at the same time. The pull ropes 310 can pull the rotating plate 330 to rotate, further driving the first clamp head cutter 210 and the second clamp head cutter 220 to close, and the sample is cut at the patient's lesion. It should be noted that the pull rope 310 is a non-elastic rope.

[0032] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 The locking assembly 340 includes a fixed plate 341, a sliding plate 343, a contact plate 344, a limiting guide rod 348, a movable plate 347 and a snap-on tooth 345. The fixed plate 341 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second end of the first cylinder 100, and the fixed plate 341 forms a groove; the sliding plate 343 slides up and down along the groove, and the opposite surfaces of the sliding plate 343 and the fixed plate 341 are connected by a first spring 342. The outer surface of the sliding plate 343 away from the first spring 342 is provided with a snap-on rack 3431; the contact plate 344 penetrates the first spring 342. The second end of a cylinder 100 extends to the inside of the groove, and the contact plate 344 is used to limit the sliding of the sliding plate 343; one end of the limiting guide rod 348 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second end of the first cylinder 100, and the other end of the limiting guide rod 348 is provided with a baffle; the movable plate 347 is slidably connected to the limiting guide rod 348, and the movable plate 347 is fixedly connected to the pull rope 310; the engaging tooth 345 is connected to the opposite surface of the movable plate 347 through the second spring 346, and the engaging tooth 345 matches the engaging rack 3431.

[0033] In this embodiment, two locking components 340 for restricting the movement of the pulling rope 310 can be symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the second end of the first cylinder 100. In the locking component 340, the fixing plate 341 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second end of the first cylinder 100. The fixing plate 341 encloses to form a groove, and a sliding plate 343 is slidably connected inside the groove. A clamping rack 3431 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the sliding plate 343. An opening for the clamping rack 3431 to pass through is provided on one side of the groove away from the second cylinder 400. In the locking component 340, the movable plate 347 is fixedly connected to the pulling rope 310. A second spring 346 is connected to one side of the movable plate 347 close to the second cylinder 400, and the other end of the second spring 346 is connected to a clamping tooth 345. Two limiting guide rods 348 are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the second end of the first cylinder 100. A baffle is provided at the other end of the limiting guide rod 348. The limiting guide rod 348 is slidably connected to the movable plate 347. Among them, the longitudinal cross-section of the limiting guide rod 348 can be rectangular, circular, etc. The length of the limiting guide rod 348 can be specifically set according to actual needs. One end of the contact plate 344 that does not extend into the groove is provided with a structure convenient for extraction, such as a pull ring or a handle, etc. The structure is not limited here.

[0034] Exemplarily, before using the laparoscopic pathological sampling instrument, it is necessary to press the contact plate 344 into the inside of the groove through a through hole formed in the second end of the first cylinder 100 and matching the contact plate 344. The contact plate 344 can push the sliding plate 343 upward and restrict the sliding of the sliding plate 343. At this time, the second spring 346 is in a stretched state, and the clamping rack 3431 is clamped with the clamping tooth 345. During the subsequent process of pulling the pulling rope 310 to the right, the pulling rope 310 drives the movable plate 347 to move, so that the movable plate 347 slides on the limiting guide rod 348. At this time, the clamping tooth 345 can be continuously compressed through the second spring 346 and continue to move to the right following the pulling rope 310. That is, the clamping rack 3431 will not restrict the rightward movement of the clamping tooth 345, but will restrict the leftward movement of the clamping tooth 345, so that an external force does not need to be applied to the pulling rope 310 all the time. Then, the contact plate 344 is taken out. The sliding plate 343 loses the supporting force of the contact plate 344 and slides downward under the action of the second spring 346. The clamping rack 3431 is separated from the clamping tooth 345, and the restriction on the position of the pulling rope 310 can be cancelled.

[0035] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 , the teeth of the clamping tooth 345 match the teeth of the clamping rack 3431. The teeth include a first side surface and a second side surface. The first side surface is an inclined surface, and the second side surface is a vertical surface. The first side surface of the clamping tooth 345 is slidably matched with the first side surface of the clamping rack 3431, and the second side surface of the clamping tooth 345 abuts against the second side surface of the clamping rack 3431.

[0036] In this embodiment, the clamping teeth 345 are meshed with the teeth of the clamping rack 3431. Exemplarily, when the clamping teeth 345 move to the right relative to the clamping rack 3431, the first side surface of the clamping teeth 345 slides in cooperation with the first side surface of the clamping rack 3431, so that the clamping teeth 345 can cross over the teeth of the clamping rack 3431 in cooperation with the second spring 346; when the clamping teeth 345 move to the left relative to the clamping rack 3431, the second side surface of the clamping teeth 345 abuts against the second side surface of the clamping rack 3431, which can limit the leftward movement of the clamping teeth 345. Among them, the tooth profiles of the teeth of the clamping teeth 345 and the clamping rack 3431 can be isosceles right triangles, and the isosceles right triangle tooth profiles can maintain stability during the movement, realizing the positioning of the position of the pull rope 310.

[0037] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 , one end of the sliding plate 343 close to the inner wall of the first cylinder 100 is provided with a chamfer; the end of the abutting plate 344 extending into the groove is provided with a chamfer matching the chamfer of the sliding plate 343.

[0038] In this embodiment, one end of the sliding plate 343 close to the inner wall of the first cylinder 100 can be provided with a 45-degree chamfer, and the end of the abutting plate 344 extending into the groove can also be provided with a 45-degree chamfer. By the chamfer on the abutting plate 344 abutting against the sliding plate 343, the sliding plate 343 can be easily slid upward. Among them, the limiting circular plate 120 can be connected to the abutting plate 344.

[0039] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 8 , the fixing assembly 520 includes a mounting plate 521, a plurality of limiting pins 522, a rectangular plate 523, a sliding column 525 and a push rod 526. The mounting plate 521 is slidably connected to both ends of the inner wall of the first cylinder 100; a plurality of limiting pins 522 are arranged on the side of the mounting plate 521 close to the second cylinder 400, and the limiting pins 522 pass through the cylinder wall of the second cylinder 400 to fix the sample in the second cavity; the rectangular plate 523 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mounting plate 521 on the side away from the second cylinder 400. The rectangular plate 523 is provided with an inclined sliding groove 5231, and the rectangular plate 523 is connected to the opposite surface of the inner wall of the first cylinder 100 through a third spring 524; the sliding column 525 is arranged in the inclined sliding groove 5231, and both ends of the sliding column 525 are respectively connected with a connecting plate 5251; one end of the push rod 526 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 5251, and the other end of the push rod 526 penetrates through the second end of the first cylinder 100, and the push rod 526 drives the sliding column 525 to slide along the inclined sliding groove 5231.

[0040] In this embodiment, the fixing components 520 are symmetrically arranged centered on the axis of the first cylinder 100. Two mutually symmetric mounting plates 521 are respectively slidably connected to both ends of the inner wall of the first cylinder 100 through slide rails. A rectangular plate 523 can be fixedly connected to the middle of the outer surface of the mounting plate 521 on the side away from the second cylinder 400. Connecting plates 5251 are fixedly connected to both ends of the sliding column 525, and the two connecting plates 5251 are fixedly connected to the same push rod 526, and the push rod 526 is slidably connected to the first cylinder 100. A plurality of through holes are formed in the wall of the second cylinder 400, and the limiting pins 522 can pass through the through holes one by one and extend into the interior of the second cylinder 400 to fix the sample in the second cavity.

[0041] Exemplarily, in the state where the push rod 526 is not pulled, the limiting pin 522 passes through the wall of the second cylinder 400, and the sliding column 525 is at the bottom of the inclined upward inclined chute 5231. When an outward pulling force is applied to the push rod 526, the push rod 526 drives the sliding column 525 to move obliquely upward along the inclined chute 5231 through the connecting plates 5251 at both ends of the sliding column 525, thereby driving the rectangular plate 523 to move upward, the third spring 524 is compressed, and the limiting pin 522 is pulled away from the second cylinder 400. When an inward pushing force is applied to the push rod 526 and under the action of the third spring 524, the rectangular plate 523 and the mounting plate 521 fall again, and the limiting pin 522 will re-enter the second cylinder 400 to limit the sample in the second cavity of the second cylinder 400.

[0042] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 8 , a plurality of limiting pins 522 are equidistantly distributed on the side of the mounting plate 521 close to the second cylinder 400.

[0043] In this embodiment, a plurality of through holes are equidistantly formed in the wall of the second cylinder 400, and a plurality of limiting pins 522 are correspondingly and equidistantly fixedly installed on the outer surface of the mounting plate 521 on the side close to the second cylinder 400. The limiting pins 522 can be made of materials with good biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, etc. The specific number of the limiting pins 522 can be set according to actual situations and is not limited herein.

[0044] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 9 , the end of the push rod 526 passing through the first cylinder 100 is connected to a spring rod 527, and the spring rod 527 is clamped to the outer wall of the sampling rod 510 so that the sampling rod 510 can drive the push rod 526 to act.

[0045] In this embodiment, one end of the push rod 526 that extends through and outside the first cylinder 100 can be detachably connected to a spring rod 527 by a bolt. The movable end of the spring rod 527 is fixedly connected to an arc plate 528 that contacts the outer wall of the sampling rod 510. When the sampling rod 510 is pulled or pushed, the movable end of the spring rod 527 can extend or contract along with the push rod 526, so that the push rod 526 can make the limit pin 522 leave or enter the second cylinder 400 through the sliding column 525 and the inclined sliding groove 5231.

[0046] Exemplarily, after the cutting at the patient's lesion is completed, the sampling rod 510 is pushed, so that the sampling rod 510 enters the space between the first clamping head cutter 210 and the second clamping head cutter 220 through the circular through hole formed by the semi-circular notch of the first clamping head cutter 210 and the semi-circular notch of the second clamping head cutter 220. At this time, the needle on the sampling rod 510 pierces into the lesion sample. Then, the limit circular plate 120 is pressed, and the sampling rod 510 is pulled out, bringing the lesion sample into the second cavity of the second cylinder 400. During the process of pulling out the sampling rod 510, relying on the frictional force between the arc plate 528 and the sampling rod 510, the push rod 526 is driven to move. The push rod 526 further drives the rectangular plate 523 to move outward through the sliding column 525 and the inclined sliding groove 5231, and the mounting plate 521 moves outward accordingly, pulling the limit pin 522 out of the second cylinder 400. After the sampling rod 510 drives the lesion sample into the second cavity of the second cylinder 400 to a certain depth, a second sampling can be performed. The sample cutting and the pushing of the sampling rod 510 are repeated again. And under the action of the third spring 524, the rectangular plate 523 and the mounting plate 521 return to the initial state, that is, the limit pin 522 will re-enter the second cylinder 400 to limit the sample in the second cavity of the second cylinder 400.

[0047] In the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0048] In addition, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus comprising such element. In addition, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in a reverse order according to the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0049] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified or limited, the terms "installed" and "connected" shall be construed broadly. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. The term "plurality" refers to two or more, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application may be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0050] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified or limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0051] In the present application, descriptions such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiments", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or instance. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0052] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A laparoscopic pathological sampling instrument, characterized in that: include: A first cylinder; A second cylinder is coaxially nested in the first cylinder, a first cavity is defined between the second cylinder and the first cylinder, and the second cylinder has a second cavity and a first opening and a second opening communicating with the second cavity; A clamp head mechanism, disposed at the first end of the first cylinder; A transmission mechanism is connected to the clamp head mechanism, the transmission mechanism is arranged around the central axis of the first cylinder, the transmission mechanism is used to control the closing of the clamp head mechanism, and the transmission mechanism includes: A locking assembly, disposed in the first cavity, and used to keep the clamp head mechanism closed; A sampling mechanism, the sampling mechanism comprising: a sampling rod, disposed in the second cavity and passing through the first opening and the second opening respectively, the sampling rod cooperating with the clamp head mechanism to bring the sample from the first opening into the second cavity; A fixing assembly is disposed in the first cavity and is slidably connected to the cylinder walls at both ends of the first cylinder respectively. The fixing assembly at least partially passes through the cylinder wall of the second cylinder to fix the sample in the second cavity. The fixing assembly is arranged around the central axis of the first cylinder and moves synchronously with the sampling rod.

2. The laparoscopic pathological sampling instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting circular plate is disposed on the outer wall of the second end portion of the first cylinder. The limiting circular plate is provided with a through hole matching the sampling rod. The limiting circular plate is used to cover the second opening.

3. The laparoscopic pathological sampling instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp head mechanism comprises a first clamp head cutter and a second clamp head cutter. The first clamp head cutter and the second clamp head cutter are provided with opposite semicircular notches at the ends close to the first cylinder. When the first clamp head cutter and the second clamp head cutter are closed, a circular through hole is formed for the sampling rod to enter and exit.

4. The laparoscopic pathological sampling instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism comprises a pull rope, which is arranged in the first cavity and passes through the first end and the second end of the first cylinder. One end of the pull rope passing through the first end of the first cylinder is transmission-connected to the pliers head assembly, and the other end of the pull rope is for user operation; The locking assembly is slidably connected to the pull rope, and the locking assembly is used to limit the position of the pull rope to keep the clamp head mechanism closed.

5. The laparoscopic pathological sampling instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: The locking assembly comprises: A fixing plate fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second end of the first cylinder, wherein the fixing plate forms a groove; A sliding plate, the sliding plate slides up and down along the groove, the sliding plate is connected to the opposite surface of the fixed plate through a first spring, and a clamping rack is provided on the outer surface of the sliding plate away from the first spring; a resistance plate, which passes through the second end of the first cylinder and extends into the interior of the groove, and is used to limit the sliding of the sliding plate; A limiting guide rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second end of the first cylinder, and the other end of which is provided with a baffle; A movable plate is slidably connected to the limit guide rod, and the movable plate is fixedly connected to the pull rope; The engaging tooth is connected to the opposite surface of the movable plate through a second spring, and the engaging tooth matches the engaging rack.

6. The laparoscopic pathological sampling instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that: The engaging tooth matches the tooth of the engaging rack, and the tooth includes a first side surface and a second side surface, the first side surface is an inclined surface, and the second side surface is a vertical surface, the first side surface of the engaging tooth slides with the first side surface of the engaging rack, and the second side surface of the engaging tooth abuts against the second side surface of the engaging rack.

7. The laparoscopic pathological sampling instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the sliding plate close to the inner wall of the first cylinder is provided with a chamfer; the end of the abutment plate extending into the groove is provided with a chamfer matching the chamfer of the sliding plate.

8. The laparoscopic pathological sampling instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing assembly comprises: A mounting plate, slidably connected to both ends of the inner wall of the first cylinder; A plurality of limiting pins are arranged on a side of the mounting plate close to the second cylinder, and the limiting pins pass through the cylinder wall of the second cylinder to fix the sample in the second cavity; A rectangular plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mounting plate away from the second cylinder, the rectangular plate is provided with an inclined slide groove, and the rectangular plate is connected to the opposite surface of the inner wall of the first cylinder via a third spring; A sliding column is arranged in the inclined sliding groove, and both ends of the sliding column are respectively connected to connecting plates; A push rod has one end fixedly connected to the connecting plate and the other end penetrating the second end of the first cylinder. The push rod drives the slide post to slide along the inclined slide groove.

9. The laparoscopic pathological sampling instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that: The plurality of limit pins are distributed at equal distances on a side of the mounting plate close to the second cylinder.

10. The laparoscopic pathological sampling instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that: The end of the push rod passing through the first cylinder is connected to the spring rod, and the spring rod is clamped with the outer wall of the sampling rod so that the sampling rod can drive the push rod to move.

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