Electric vehicle lithium battery box fire prevention and control system and fire extinguishing method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric vehicle lithium battery box fire prevention and control system and a fire extinguishing method thereof, and the system comprises the steps: S1, a multi-dimensional composite monitoring network which comprises an integrated nano sensor array, a terahertz imager and a quantum dot fluorescence sensor; s2, the intelligent decision and control center establishes a fire risk assessment model of a convolutional neural network CNN and a long-short term memory network LSTM; the self-adaptive fire extinguishing execution module is composed of a plurality of independent micro fire extinguishing units; s4, a hybrid energy system composed of an energy and communication redundancy guarantee module, an equipped super capacitor and a micro fuel cell; through an innovative multi-dimensional composite monitoring network, a plurality of advanced technologies such as a nano sensor, a terahertz imager and a quantum dot fluorescence sensor are fused, and all-directional and high-sensitivity monitoring of fire hazards in the battery box is realized. According to the invention, extremely weak abnormal signals can be captured in the extremely early stage of a fire, so that the accuracy and timeliness of fire early warning are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle safety, and particularly relates to a fire prevention and control system for a lithium battery box of an electric vehicle and a fire extinguishing method therefor. Background Art

[0002] Under the background of the global advocacy of green travel and sustainable development, electric vehicles have ushered in unprecedented development opportunities due to their significant advantages such as zero emissions and low noise. In recent years, the market share of electric vehicles has continued to climb, and they are widely used in multiple fields such as personal commuting, public transportation, and logistics transportation, becoming a key force in achieving the energy conservation and emission reduction goals in the transportation field.

[0003] With the continuous expansion of the scale of electric vehicle use, the fire safety problem of lithium battery boxes has gradually become a major obstacle to the development of the industry. Lithium batteries have the characteristic of high energy density and will generate a large amount of heat during the charging and discharging process. If the heat dissipation system is imperfect or the battery management system fails, it is extremely easy to cause thermal runaway, which will then lead to a fire. Currently, most fire prevention and control systems mainly rely on traditional temperature sensors and smoke detectors. The ability of these sensors to capture weak signals in the initial stage of a fire is limited, and false alarms or missed alarms often occur. The fire extinguishing technology usually adopts the method of spraying fire extinguishing agent as a whole. Once the fire extinguishing instruction is triggered, the entire battery box will be covered by the fire extinguishing agent. This "one-size-fits-all" fire extinguishing method not only causes a large waste of fire extinguishing agent, increases the use cost, but also may cause unnecessary damage to the batteries in the non-fire area.

[0004] The battery box structures, battery specifications, and electrical systems of different vehicle models are different, but the existing fire prevention and control systems often lack good compatibility and scalability. The prevention and control system lacks the ability to dynamically monitor and adjust the real-time situation at the fire scene during the fire extinguishing process. Once the fire extinguishing program is started, it will proceed according to the preset mode and cannot adjust the fire extinguishing strategy in a timely manner according to the change of the fire situation. In addition, the system does not have the self-optimization ability, cannot learn from past fire incidents, and is difficult to adapt to the changing fire risks.

[0005] In summary, the existing fire prevention and control technologies for lithium battery boxes of electric vehicles can no longer meet the growing safety requirements. Therefore, this solution proposes a fire prevention and control system for a lithium battery box of an electric vehicle and a fire extinguishing method therefor to ensure the safe operation of electric vehicles and promote the healthy development of the electric vehicle industry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide an electric vehicle lithium battery box fire prevention and control system and its fire extinguishing method. Through an innovative multi-dimensional composite monitoring network, which integrates a variety of advanced technologies such as nano sensors, terahertz imagers, and quantum dot fluorescence sensors, it realizes the all-round and highly sensitive monitoring of fire hazards in the battery box. It can capture extremely weak abnormal signals in the very early stage of a fire, greatly improving the accuracy and timeliness of fire early warning. Compared with traditional monitoring technologies, it can issue early warnings several minutes or even dozens of minutes in advance, winning precious time for taking fire extinguishing and evacuation measures and effectively reducing the losses caused by fires.

[0007] Through the perfect combination of an adaptive fire extinguishing execution module and a dynamic fire extinguishing strategy, it realizes the precise suppression of fires. The intelligent flow regulating valve and the high-efficiency atomizing nozzle can accurately control the spraying of fire extinguishing agents according to the actual situation of the fire, improving the fire extinguishing efficiency and avoiding the waste of fire extinguishing agents and unnecessary damage to the battery caused by traditional extensive fire extinguishing methods. The use of a new type of nano composite fire extinguishing agent can not only quickly extinguish the fire, but also effectively cool down the temperature, prevent the rekindling of the fire, and ensure the durability and reliability of the fire extinguishing effect.

[0008] The energy and communication redundancy guarantee module adopts a hybrid energy system and a dual redundant communication method, ensuring the stable operation of the system in various complex environments. Whether in extreme weather conditions or in areas with severe electromagnetic interference, the system can maintain a normal working state, providing a reliable guarantee for fire prevention and control. Even when one energy supply or communication method fails, other backup methods can quickly take over the work to ensure the continuity and stability of the system.

[0009] The intelligent decision-making and control center realizes the efficient coordinated operation of the fire extinguishing execution module, the battery management system, and the vehicle ventilation system. By comprehensively analyzing the fire situation and the battery status, the systems can cooperate and support each other, ensuring the safety of electric vehicles in case of a fire from multiple aspects. The reasonable adjustment of the battery management system can reduce the inducement of fires, and the effective operation of the vehicle ventilation system can improve the fire extinguishing environment and increase the survival probability of personnel, thus forming an organic whole and comprehensively enhancing the effect of fire prevention and control.

[0010] The present invention also provides an electric vehicle lithium battery box fire prevention and control system having the above features, including: S1. A multi-dimensional composite monitoring network, which includes an integrated nano sensor array, a terahertz imager, and a quantum dot fluorescence sensor, and is distributed at each key part of the battery box through the integrated nano sensor array;

[0011] The terahertz imager penetrates the outer shell of the battery box and part of the battery components to obtain detailed internal structures and temperature distribution images of the battery. Through the unique optical properties of quantum dots, specific gases generated during a fire are monitored in real time;

[0012] S2. Intelligent decision-making and control center: A fire risk assessment model of a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a long short-term memory network (LSTM) is established. The CNN model can accurately identify various abnormal structures and potential fire sources inside the battery through deep learning and feature extraction of a large amount of image data obtained by the terahertz imager. The LSTM model deeply processes and analyzes the time series of sensor data and can accurately predict the development trend of a fire by learning the changing patterns of historical data;

[0013] The control center conducts comprehensive analysis and judgment through a fuzzy logic controller based on the output results of the fire risk assessment model and in combination with the real-time status of the batteries inside the battery box;

[0014] S3. Adaptive fire extinguishing execution module: It consists of multiple independent micro fire extinguishing units. The equipped intelligent flow regulating valve can accurately adjust the flow rate and spraying time of the fire extinguishing agent according to the precise instructions of the control center;

[0015] S4. Energy and communication redundancy guarantee module: It is equipped with a hybrid energy system composed of a supercapacitor and a micro fuel cell. The supercapacitor has an extremely high power density and can provide instant high-power output at the critical moments of system startup and fire emergency, ensuring that the equipment can respond quickly and start fire extinguishing and prevention and control measures rapidly;

[0016] In terms of communication, a dual-redundancy communication method of 5G and satellite communication is adopted. 5G communication has the characteristics of high speed and low latency and can realize high-speed transmission of a large amount of data with a remote monitoring center outside the vehicle, ensuring that fire information and system status are fed back to the monitoring center in real time. When the 5G signal is restricted by the geographical environment or interfered by network congestion, it can quickly take over the communication task to ensure smooth communication.

[0017] According to a fire prevention and control system for an electric vehicle lithium battery box provided by the present invention, the nano-sensor array uses nano-thermistor sensors to achieve high-precision temperature measurement of 0.01 °C with ultra-high temperature resolution, and can locate any subtle temperature change inside the battery box in real time and accurately, and timely discover potential hot spots.

[0018] According to a fire prevention and control system for an electric vehicle lithium battery box provided by the present invention, the nano-sensors can quickly and accurately sense when there is an extremely small amount of leakage of the electrolyte just occurring, and transmit the signal in time.

[0019] According to a fire prevention and control system for a lithium battery box of an electric vehicle provided by the present invention, the terahertz imager generates a high-resolution internal image by analyzing the characteristics of the reflected wave, thereby helping to quickly identify whether there are potential safety hazards such as structural abnormalities and heat accumulation inside the battery.

[0020] According to a fire prevention and control system for a lithium battery box of an electric vehicle provided by the present invention, when the quantum dot fluorescence sensor detects the target gas, the quantum dot fluorescence sensor will emit an obvious change in fluorescence intensity. By accurately detecting this change, early signs of fire can be judged in a timely and accurate manner.

[0021] According to a fire prevention and control system for a lithium battery box of an electric vehicle provided by the present invention, the convolutional neural network automatically analyzes subtle features in an image, including cracks and short circuit points inside the battery, thereby predicting the possibility of a fire in advance. The long short-term memory network predicts key information such as whether the fire will further expand and the speed of its spread based on the changing trends of parameters such as temperature and gas concentration.

[0022] According to a fire prevention and control system for a lithium battery box of an electric vehicle provided by the present invention, the fuzzy logic controller utilizes the coordinated work of the fire extinguishing execution module, the battery management system and the vehicle ventilation system to intelligently control. When a low fire risk is detected, the battery management system is controlled to adjust the battery charging and discharging strategy to reduce the battery's heating power, thereby reducing the possibility of fire from the source. When the fire risk increases, the fire extinguishing execution module is immediately started, and at the same time, the vehicle ventilation system is controlled to quickly discharge harmful gases to ensure the safety of people in the vehicle.

[0023] According to the fire prevention and control method of the lithium battery box of an electric vehicle provided by the present invention, copy the claim 2. The beneficial effect of writing this claim.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the electric vehicle lithium battery box fire prevention and control system and fire extinguishing method of the present invention, through an innovative multi-dimensional composite monitoring network, integrates a variety of advanced technologies such as nanosensors, terahertz imagers and quantum dot fluorescence sensors, to achieve all-round and highly sensitive monitoring of fire hazards in the battery box. It can capture extremely weak abnormal signals at the very early stage of a fire, greatly improving the accuracy and timeliness of fire warnings. Compared with traditional monitoring technology, it can issue warnings several minutes or even tens of minutes in advance, buying precious time for taking fire extinguishing and evacuation measures, and effectively reducing the losses caused by fire.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, a fire prevention and control system for an electric vehicle lithium battery box and its fire extinguishing method according to the present invention achieve precise strikes on fires through the perfect combination of an adaptive fire extinguishing execution module and a dynamic fire extinguishing strategy. The intelligent flow regulating valve and the high-efficiency atomizing nozzle can accurately control the spraying of the fire extinguishing agent according to the actual situation of the fire, improving the fire extinguishing efficiency and avoiding the waste of the fire extinguishing agent and unnecessary damage to the battery caused by traditional extensive fire extinguishing methods. The use of the new nano-composite fire extinguishing agent can not only quickly extinguish the fire but also effectively cool down the temperature, prevent the re-ignition of the fire, and ensure the durability and reliability of the fire extinguishing effect.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, a fire prevention and control system for an electric vehicle lithium battery box and its fire extinguishing method according to the present invention adopt a hybrid energy system and a dual-redundancy communication method through an energy and communication redundancy guarantee module, ensuring that the system can operate stably in various complex environments. Whether in extreme weather conditions or in areas with severe electromagnetic interference, the system can maintain a normal working state, providing a reliable guarantee for fire prevention and control. Even when one energy supply or communication method fails, other backup methods can quickly take over the work to ensure the continuity and stability of the system.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, a fire prevention and control system for an electric vehicle lithium battery box and its fire extinguishing method according to the present invention achieve the efficient coordinated operation of the fire extinguishing execution module, the battery management system, and the vehicle ventilation system through an intelligent decision-making and control center. By comprehensively analyzing the fire situation and the battery state, each system can cooperate and support each other, ensuring the safety of the electric vehicle in case of a fire from multiple aspects. The reasonable adjustment of the battery management system can reduce the inducement of the fire, and the effective operation of the vehicle ventilation system can improve the fire extinguishing environment and increase the survival probability of personnel, thus forming an organic whole and comprehensively improving the effect of fire prevention and control. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments;

[0029] Figure 1 It is an architecture diagram of a fire prevention and control system for an electric vehicle lithium battery box according to the present invention; Detailed Embodiments

[0030] This part will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. The role of the drawings is to supplement the description in the text part of the specification, enabling people to intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present invention, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] Refer to Figure 1, an electric vehicle lithium battery box fire prevention and control system and its fire extinguishing method according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising the following steps:

[0032] Step 1. System installation and debugging:

[0033] During the production and manufacturing process of the electric vehicle, according to the installation plan, each sensor of the multi-dimensional composite monitoring network and the terahertz imager are accurately installed at key positions inside and on the surface of the battery box. These positions have undergone strict simulation analysis and actual tests to ensure that the sensors and imagers can comprehensively and accurately monitor various parameters and conditions inside the battery box. Among them, the nano-electrochemical sensor is installed near the battery electrolyte pipeline to detect electrolyte leakage in a timely manner; the terahertz imager is installed on the top of the battery box to obtain the best internal imaging perspective.

[0034] The intelligent decision-making and control center, the adaptive fire extinguishing execution module, and the energy and communication redundancy guarantee module are installed at safe positions on the vehicle chassis or in the trunk. These positions not only need to consider the stability and safety of the equipment but also facilitate connection and communication with other components. After installation, each component is tightly connected through professional cables and wireless communication modules to form a complete system.

[0035] Subsequently, a comprehensive and detailed debugging work is carried out on the entire system. First, the sensors are calibrated to ensure the accuracy and reliability of their measurement data. By comparing and adjusting with standard measurement equipment, the measurement error of the sensors is controlled within a very small range. Then, communication tests are carried out to check whether the data transmission between components is normal and stable. By simulating different communication scenarios and data traffic, the effectiveness of the dual-protocol wireless network and the dual-redundancy communication method is verified. Finally, fire extinguishing function tests are carried out to simulate different scales and types of fire scenarios, and the response speed, fire extinguishing effect, and dynamic adjustment ability of the fire extinguishing execution module are tested. According to the test results, the system is further optimized and adjusted to ensure that the system reaches the best working state before being officially put into use.

[0036] Step 2. System operation and maintenance:

[0037] During the daily operation of the electric vehicle, the multi-dimensional composite monitoring network continuously collects data inside the battery box and transmits it to the intelligent decision-making and control center. The system will regularly perform self-checks and calibrations on the sensors to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring data. During the self-check process, the sensors will automatically detect their own working status, including measurement accuracy and signal transmission. Once an abnormality is found, an alarm will be issued in a timely manner. The calibration work will correct the measurement values of the sensors according to the preset calibration period and standards to ensure that they are always in a high-precision working state.

[0038] Meanwhile, regularly check the fire extinguishing agent storage and equipment status of the fire extinguishing execution module. Through professional detection equipment and methods, check whether the quality and storage of the fire extinguishing agent are sufficient, and whether the intelligent flow regulating valve and the high-efficiency atomizing nozzle are working properly, and whether there are blockages or damages. If it is found that the fire extinguishing agent storage is insufficient, replenish the fire extinguishing agent in time; if it is found that the equipment is faulty, repair or replace it in time.

[0039] When the system detects a fault or anomaly, it sends detailed alarm information to the vehicle maintenance center and the remote monitoring platform through an advanced communication module. The alarm information includes key information such as the type of fault, the location where it occurred, and the severity, so that maintenance personnel and monitoring personnel can understand the situation in time and take corresponding measures. Based on the alarm information, the maintenance personnel quickly formulate a maintenance plan, carry the necessary tools and spare parts to the site for maintenance; the remote monitoring personnel can track and analyze the fault situation in real time, provide technical support and guidance to ensure that the fault can be resolved in a timely and effective manner, and guarantee the normal operation of the system and the safe driving of the electric vehicle.

[0040] Working principle: Utilize a multi-dimensional composite monitoring network to collect physical, chemical, and image data inside the battery box in real time and in all directions. These data are quickly and stably transmitted to the intelligent decision-making and control center through a dual-protocol wireless network. The fire risk assessment model in the control center deeply analyzes and processes these massive data, and uses advanced algorithms and models to accurately judge the possibility and risk level of a fire occurring.

[0041] When the evaluation result reaches the warning threshold, the system immediately issues multi-level warning signals through the in-vehicle warning system, the mobile phone APP, and the remote monitoring center. According to the different risk levels, the warning signals adopt different sound, light, and text prompt methods to remind the driver and relevant personnel to take corresponding measures in time. For example, in the case of a low-risk warning, the in-vehicle warning system may emit a soft prompt sound and a flashing indicator light, and at the same time, the mobile phone APP will push a mild warning message; while in the case of a high-risk warning, a strong alarm sound, a flashing red light will be emitted, and the mobile phone APP will push an emergency alarm message to ensure that relevant personnel can timely understand the fire risk situation.

[0042] Using dynamic fire extinguishing strategy generation, once a fire is confirmed to occur, the intelligent decision-making and control center comprehensively analyzes and makes decisions using a fuzzy logic controller based on key information such as the specific location where the fire occurred, the scale of the fire, and the development trend of the fire, combined with factors such as the remaining battery power and health status of the batteries in the battery box, to generate a dynamic and personalized fire extinguishing strategy.

[0043] For local small fires, the control center will precisely control some of the micro fire extinguishing units for accurate fire extinguishing. Through intelligent flow regulating valves and high-efficiency atomizing nozzles, an appropriate amount of fire extinguishing agent is precisely sprayed onto the fire source location, achieving efficient fire extinguishing while minimizing the impact on the batteries in the non-fire areas to the greatest extent. For larger fires, the control center will quickly activate multiple micro fire extinguishing units to work together and adjust the flow rate and spraying method of the fire extinguishing agent in real time according to the change of the fire situation. When the fire spreads rapidly, increase the spraying amount and spraying speed of the fire extinguishing agent; when the fire is under a certain control, appropriately reduce the spraying amount to save fire extinguishing agent resources.

[0044] During the fire extinguishing process, the multi-dimensional composite monitoring network continuously and closely monitors the changes at the fire scene. It real-time collects key data such as temperature, gas concentration, and flame intensity, and quickly transmits these feedback data back to the intelligent decision-making and control center. The control center conducts real-time evaluation and analysis of the fire extinguishing effect based on the feedback data to determine whether the current fire extinguishing strategy is effective.

[0045] When it is found that the fire extinguishing effect is not ideal, the control center will immediately adjust and optimize the fire extinguishing strategy according to the actual situation. When it is found that the fire in a certain area is still large, the spraying amount of the fire extinguishing agent for the micro fire extinguishing units in that area may be increased; when it is found that the spraying method of the fire extinguishing agent is not effective enough, the spraying angle and mode of the high-efficiency atomizing nozzles will be adjusted. At the same time, the control center will also coordinate the battery management system and the vehicle ventilation system to work together to further optimize the fire extinguishing environment. Control the battery management system to stop the charging and discharging operations of relevant batteries to prevent the fire from further expanding due to the abnormal operation of the batteries; control the vehicle ventilation system to increase the ventilation volume, quickly discharge harmful gases, reduce the temperature and harmful gas concentration in the vehicle, and ensure the safety of personnel and the smooth progress of the fire extinguishing work.

[0046] The above has described the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge scope of those of ordinary skill in the art.

Claims

1. A fire prevention and control system for electric vehicle lithium battery box and a fire extinguishing method thereof, characterized in that: include: S1, a multi-dimensional composite monitoring network, which includes an integrated nanosensor array, a terahertz imager, and a quantum dot fluorescence sensor, which are distributed in various key parts of the battery box through an integrated nanosensor array; The terahertz imager penetrates the outer shell of the battery box and some battery components to obtain detailed structural and temperature distribution images inside the battery. The unique optical properties of quantum dots are used to monitor the specific gases generated when a fire occurs in real time. S2, intelligent decision-making and control center, establishes a fire risk assessment model of convolutional neural network CNN and long short-term memory network LSTM. The CNN model can accurately identify various abnormal structures and potential fire sources inside the battery by performing deep learning and feature extraction on a large amount of image data obtained by the terahertz imager. The LSTM model performs deep processing and analysis on the time series of sensor data and can accurately predict the development trend of fire by learning the changing rules of historical data; The control center uses the fuzzy logic controller to conduct comprehensive analysis and judgment based on the output results of the fire risk assessment model and the real-time status of the batteries in the battery box; S3, adaptive fire extinguishing execution module, consists of multiple independent micro fire extinguishing units, equipped with intelligent flow control valves that can accurately adjust the flow and injection time of the fire extinguishing agent according to the precise instructions of the control center; S4, energy and communication redundancy guarantee module, equipped with a hybrid energy system consisting of supercapacitors and micro fuel cells. Supercapacitors have extremely high power density and can provide instantaneous high power output at critical moments of system startup and fire emergency, ensuring that the equipment can respond quickly and quickly initiate fire extinguishing and prevention and control measures; In terms of communication, 5G and satellite communication dual redundant communication methods are adopted. 5G communication has the characteristics of high speed and low latency, and can realize high-speed transmission of large amounts of data with the remote monitoring center outside the vehicle, ensuring that fire information and system status are fed back to the monitoring center in real time. When the 5G signal is restricted by the geographical environment or network congestion, it can quickly take over the communication task and ensure smooth communication.

2. The electric vehicle lithium battery box fire prevention and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nanosensor array uses nanothermistor sensors and ultra-high temperature resolution to achieve high-precision temperature measurement of 0.01°C, accurately locate any slight temperature changes in the battery box in real time, and promptly discover potential hot spots.

3. The electric vehicle lithium battery box fire prevention and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nanosensor can quickly and accurately sense when an extremely small amount of electrolyte leakage occurs, and transmit the signal in a timely manner.

4. The electric vehicle lithium battery box fire prevention and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The terahertz imager generates high-resolution internal images by analyzing the characteristics of reflected waves, helping to quickly identify whether there are potential safety hazards such as structural abnormalities and heat accumulation inside the battery.

5. The electric vehicle lithium battery box fire prevention and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the quantum dot fluorescence sensor detects the target gas, the quantum dot fluorescence sensor will emit a significant change in fluorescence intensity. By accurately detecting this change, early signs of fire can be judged in a timely and accurate manner.

6. The electric vehicle lithium battery box fire prevention and control system and fire extinguishing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The convolutional neural network automatically analyzes subtle features in the image, including cracks and short circuits inside the battery, to predict the possibility of a fire in advance. The long short-term memory network predicts key information such as whether the fire will further expand and how quickly it will spread based on the changing trends of parameters such as temperature and gas concentration.

7. The electric vehicle lithium battery box fire prevention and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuzzy logic controller utilizes the coordinated work of the intelligent control fire extinguishing execution module, the battery management system and the vehicle ventilation system. When it is detected that the fire risk is low, the battery management system is controlled to adjust the battery charging and discharging strategy to reduce the battery's heating power and reduce the possibility of fire from the source. When the fire risk increases, the fire extinguishing execution module is immediately started, and the vehicle ventilation system is controlled to quickly discharge harmful gases to ensure the safety of people in the vehicle.

8. A method for preventing and extinguishing fires in a lithium battery box of an electric vehicle, using a fire prevention and control system for a lithium battery box of an electric vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Use a multi-dimensional composite monitoring network to collect physical, chemical and image data in the battery box in real time and in all directions. These data are quickly and stably transmitted to the intelligent decision-making and control center through a dual-protocol wireless network. The fire risk assessment model in the control center conducts in-depth analysis and processing of these massive data, and uses advanced algorithms and models to accurately determine the possibility and risk level of fire. When the assessment result reaches the warning threshold, the system immediately sends out multi-level warning signals through the in-vehicle warning system, mobile phone APP and remote monitoring center. The warning signals use different sounds, lights and text prompts according to the different risk levels to remind the driver and relevant personnel to take corresponding measures in time. For example, in low-risk warnings, the in-vehicle warning system may emit a soft prompt sound and a flashing indicator light, and the mobile phone APP will push a mild warning message. In high-risk warnings, a strong alarm sound and a flashing red light will be issued, and the mobile phone APP will push an emergency alarm message to ensure that relevant personnel can understand the fire risk situation in a timely manner. Step 2: Generate dynamic fire extinguishing strategies. Once a fire is confirmed, the intelligent decision-making and control center uses the fuzzy logic controller to conduct comprehensive analysis and decision-making based on the specific location of the fire, the size of the fire, and the key information of the fire development trend, combined with the remaining power and health status of the batteries in the battery box, to generate dynamic and personalized fire extinguishing strategies. For small local fires, the control center will accurately control some micro fire extinguishing units to extinguish the fire accurately. Through intelligent flow control valves and high-efficiency atomizing nozzles, the appropriate amount of fire extinguishing agent will be accurately sprayed to the fire source, achieving efficient fire extinguishing while minimizing the impact on batteries in non-fired areas. For larger fires, the control center will quickly start multiple micro fire extinguishing units to work together, and adjust the flow and spraying method of the fire extinguishing agent in real time according to the changes in the fire. When the fire spreads faster, the spraying amount and spraying speed of the fire extinguishing agent will be increased. When the fire is under certain control, the spraying amount will be appropriately reduced to save fire extinguishing agent resources. Step 3: Feedback and optimization of the fire extinguishing process. During the fire extinguishing process, the multi-dimensional composite monitoring network continuously and closely monitors the changes in the fire scene, collects key data such as temperature, gas concentration, and flame intensity in real time, and quickly transmits these feedback data back to the intelligent decision-making and control center. The control center evaluates and analyzes the fire extinguishing effect in real time based on the feedback data to determine whether the current fire extinguishing strategy is effective. When it is found that the fire extinguishing effect is not ideal, the control center will immediately adjust and optimize the fire extinguishing strategy in real time according to the actual situation. When it is found that the fire in a certain area is still large, the amount of fire extinguishing agent sprayed by the micro fire extinguishing unit in that area may be increased; when it is found that the spraying method of the fire extinguishing agent is not effective enough, the spray angle and mode of the high-efficiency atomizing nozzle will be adjusted. At the same time, the control center will also coordinate the battery management system and the vehicle ventilation system to work together to further optimize the fire extinguishing environment, control the battery management system to stop the charging and discharging operations of related batteries, and prevent the fire from further expanding due to abnormal operation of the battery; control the vehicle ventilation system to increase the ventilation volume, quickly discharge harmful gases, reduce the temperature and concentration of harmful gases in the car, and ensure the safety of personnel and the smooth progress of fire extinguishing work.

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