Fluorescent ore beneficiation method

Abstract

According to the fluorescent ore beneficiation method, different fluorescent reactions are formed on target fluorescent ore and impurities of the target fluorescent ore by setting ultraviolet rays or lasers with preset wavelengths, so that a large amount of other minerals (except the target ore) can be discarded through a light selector, and high-grade target fluorescent ore concentrate is selected; in this way, a large amount of mixed gangue minerals can be discarded in advance, so that the amount of minerals needing to be subjected to ore grinding and flotation in the later period is greatly reduced, the ore grinding and flotation cost can be greatly reduced, and the ore grinding and flotation efficiency is improved. And the grade of target fluorescent ore concentrate is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mineral processing engineering, and particularly relates to a method for beneficiating fluorescent ore. Background Art

[0002] Spodumene is an important lithium mineral resource. Spodumene ore generally has a high slime content. The slime pollutes the beneficiation environment, deteriorates the floatability of the ore, and some dissolved salt ions in the slime can not only activate spodumene, but also activate gangue minerals, making the floatability difference of spodumene not significant. In addition, the ore contains hornblende, biotite and many other impurities, making the conventional spodumene beneficiation process not only have an unsatisfactory recovery effect, but also difficult to control the production cost.

[0003] Taking the on-site spodumene ore sample in Hunan as an example, after grinding to a fineness of about 75% - 200 mesh and performing conventional spodumene desliming, a one-roughing, one-scavenging and two-cleaning flotation process is carried out. The flotation results are shown in Table 1:

[0004] Name Yield Grade Recovery Rate Slime 13.00％ 0.26 14.13％ Spodumene Concentrate 5.20％ 2.22 48.26％ Tailings 81.80％ 0.11 37.61％ Raw Ore 100.00％ 0.24 100.00％

[0005] Table 1

[0006] As can be seen from Table 1, for the low-grade spodumene raw ore, after the existing beneficiation process, the recovery rate of spodumene concentrate is 48.26%, and the grade is 2.22%, and the beneficiation effect is poor.

[0007] The price of spodumene concentrate fluctuates greatly, and the beneficiation cost of spodumene is relatively high, which will inevitably make the development of some low-grade spodumene uneconomical, thus forming stranded ore; in the mining process, in order to improve the feed grade, some low-grade spodumene is discarded as gangue, resulting in waste of resources.

[0008] The main beneficiation methods of spodumene include flotation, gravity separation, etc. The lower the grade of the raw ore, the higher the cost per ton of spodumene concentrate, and the lower the recovery rate and grade of the concentrate, resulting in losses. Gravity separation requires a high grade of raw ore, good crystal crystallization, and good monomer dissociation effect at a relatively large particle size. However, due to the small specific gravity difference between spodumene and gangue, it is only suitable for a small part of spodumene raw ore. In the process of gravity separation, the recovery rate of spodumene concentrate is relatively low, and it is usually combined with flotation. Therefore, the flotation and gravity separation methods are more suitable for high-grade spodumene ore and have difficulties in treating low-grade spodumene. Similarly, many other fluorescent ores such as spodumene and fluorite also have the same problems. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of high beneficiation cost and low concentrate recovery rate of fluorescent ore (especially low-grade fluorescent ore) in the prior art, and provide a method for beneficiating fluorescent ore.

[0010] The present invention solves the above technical problem through the following technical solutions:

[0011] The present invention provides a method for beneficiating fluorescent ore, comprising:

[0012] Performing optical wave color sorting on the raw ore that meets the particle size requirements to obtain optically sorted concentrate;

[0013] The optical wave for performing the optical wave color sorting on the optically sorted concentrate is ultraviolet light and / or laser with a wavelength range of 10 nm to 400 nm.

[0014] By setting ultraviolet light and / or laser with a preset wavelength (10 nm to 400 nm), different fluorescence reactions are formed for the target fluorescent ore and its impurities. Thus, a large amount of minerals (except the target ore) can be screened and discarded by an optical sorter, and high-grade target fluorescent ore concentrate can be selected. Subsequently, the applying party can directly sell the screened high-grade target fluorescent ore optically sorted concentrate according to requirements, or perform subsequent grinding and flotation to further obtain target fluorescent ore flotation concentrate. By this method, a large amount of useless ore can be discarded in advance, greatly reducing the amount of ore that needs to be ground and floated in the later stage, greatly reducing the grinding and flotation costs, and greatly improving the grade of the target fluorescent ore concentrate.

[0015] Preferably, the fluorescent ore comprises one of the following or any permutation and combination thereof: spodumene, lithiophilite, and / or fluorite. That is, it can be a single spodumene ore, lithiophilite ore, or fluorite ore, or a spodumene-lithiophilite mixed ore, spodumene-fluorite mixed ore, spodumene-lithiophilite-fluorite mixed ore, etc.

[0016] Preferably, in the method for beneficiating fluorescent ore, the optical wave for performing optical wave color sorting is preferably ultraviolet light or laser with a wavelength range of 200 nm to 400 nm. Under short-wave ultraviolet light or laser with a wavelength of 200 - 280 nm, spodumene and lithiophilite show a brown fluorescence reaction, fluorite shows a blue-violet color, calcite shows a red color, and gangue does not show color; under medium-wave ultraviolet light or laser with a wavelength of 280 - 315 nm and long-wave ultraviolet light or laser with a wavelength of 315 - 365 nm, spodumene and lithiophilite show an orange-red fluorescence reaction, fluorite shows a blue-violet color, calcite shows a red color, and gangue does not show color; under long-wave ultraviolet light or laser with a wavelength of 365 nm - 400 nm, spodumene shows a pink color, low-grade lithiophilite does not show color, fluorite shows a light purple color, calcite shows a light red color, and gangue does not show color. Since the ultraviolet light emitted by the current ultraviolet light source is normally distributed, through the fluorescence color display of different ores corresponding to different wavelengths of ultraviolet light and intensities, the target minerals can be clearly distinguished from other minerals by the high-speed camera of the color sorter. Then, through the method of forward selection or reverse selection, tailing rejection and purification can be achieved, that is, tailings are discarded and the target concentrate is extracted.

[0017] Preferably, in the step of performing light wave color sorting on the raw ore that meets the particle size requirements, light wave color sorting can be performed only once, or, according to requirements, light wave color sorting can be repeated multiple times to achieve a better color sorting effect.

[0018] Preferably, in the step of performing light wave color sorting on the raw ore that meets the particle size requirements to obtain optically sorted concentrate, the raw ore that meets the particle size requirements is classified into at least two sub-particle size ranges, and light wave color sorting is performed on the raw ore in each classified sub-particle size range respectively to obtain optically sorted concentrate. Thus, the optically sorted concentrate can be further divided into coarse-grained ore and medium-grained ore, so that when performing optical sorting, it can better match the different applicable ranges of the optical sorting equipment (optical sorter), which is beneficial to the setting of the nozzle or diaphragm caliber, pressure, and / or quantity of the optical sorter, making the optical sorter more adaptable and obtaining higher grade and recovery rate.

[0019] Preferably, before the step of performing light wave color sorting on the raw ore that meets the particle size requirements, the following steps are further included:

[0020] Classify the raw ore of fluorescent ore to obtain raw ore that meets the particle size requirements for optical sorting;

[0021] The particle size requirement is greater than or equal to the fine-grained classification point, and the fine-grained classification point is any value between 0.038 mm and 0.074 mm; or, the fine-grained classification point is determined by the recognition range of the selected optical sorting equipment. By screening out the fine-grained particles that cannot be optically sorted for independent ore dressing, for example, the raw ore with a particle size smaller than the fine-grained classification point obtained by classification can be deslimed and then flotated to obtain the target fluorescent ore concentrate. Through the above classification, the interference to optical sorting can be reduced, the grade of the optically sorted concentrate can be improved, and the recovery rate of the fine-grained raw ore can be increased, thereby increasing the overall recovery rate of the concentrate.

[0022] Preferably, the classification is carried out by one or any combination of the following equipment: vibrating screen, spiral classifier, hydrocyclone.

[0023] Preferably, the classification includes wet screening or dry screening. Through wet screening or dry screening, the slime in the crushed ore is completely removed, and the fresh surface of the coarse-grained ore is exposed, which is beneficial to the fluorescence reaction under ultraviolet or laser irradiation, making the optical sorting more accurate; and, there is less slime in the optically sorted rough concentrate obtained by light wave color sorting, which is beneficial to improving the ore dressing effect of the subsequent grinding and beneficiation operations.

[0024] Preferably, before the step of classifying the raw ore of fluorescent ore to obtain raw ore that meets the particle size requirements, the following is further included:

[0025] Crush the raw ore of fluorescent ore to an appropriate particle size range, and the appropriate particle size range includes: 0.038 mm - 100 mm, or any sub-particle size range within this interval.

[0026] Preferably, after the step of subjecting the raw ore meeting the particle size requirement to light wave color sorting to obtain the optically sorted concentrate, the method further includes:

[0027] Performing fine crushing or coarse grinding on the optically sorted concentrate, and then performing grinding and separation to obtain the target fluorescent ore grinding concentrate.

[0028] Preferably, after the step of subjecting the raw ore meeting the particle size requirement to light wave color sorting to obtain the optically sorted concentrate, the method further includes:

[0029] Performing dehydration on the optically sorted tailings obtained by the light wave color sorting to obtain feldspar or quartz ore. In this way, the economic value of the tailings can be further improved.

[0030] Preferably, the light wave color sorting is positive selection of the target fluorescent ore according to the fluorescence reaction of light waves; or negative selection of other ores (except the target fluorescent ore) according to the fluorescence reaction of light waves.

[0031] Preferably, the method of dehydrating the optically sorted tailings can be:

[0032] Performing dehydration on the optically sorted tailings through a dehydration screen or a belt filter. Description of the Drawings

[0033] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the fluorescent ore beneficiation method according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the fluorescent ore beneficiation method according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0035] The present invention will be further described below by way of embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0036] The first embodiment of the present invention provides a method for beneficiating fluorescent ore.

[0037] In this embodiment, ultraviolet light with a wavelength ranging from 10 nm to 400 nm is used for optical wave color sorting of raw ore that meets the particle size requirements to obtain optically sorted concentrate. Specifically, this can be achieved using existing optical sorters. By utilizing the different fluorescence reactions formed by the ultraviolet light within the preset wavelength range (10 nm to 400 nm) for the target fluorescent ore and its impurities, the optically sorted concentrate of the target fluorescent ore can be screened out by means of an optical sorter, or other minerals other than the target ore can be screened out, thereby discarding other minerals to obtain optically sorted concentrate. Subsequently, according to requirements, the optically sorted concentrate of the high-grade target fluorescent ore screened out can be directly sold, or subsequent grinding and flotation can be carried out to further obtain the flotation concentrate of the target fluorescent ore. By this method, a large amount of useless ore can be discarded in advance, greatly reducing the amount of ore that needs to be ground and floated in the later stage, greatly reducing the grinding and flotation costs, and significantly improving the grade of the concentrate of the target fluorescent ore.

[0038] The second embodiment of the present invention also relates to a method for beneficiating fluorescent ore, which is substantially the same as the first embodiment. The difference lies in that in this embodiment, ultraviolet laser with a wavelength ranging from 10 nm to 400 nm is used for optical wave color sorting of raw ore that meets the particle size requirements to obtain optically sorted concentrate.

[0039] Since ultraviolet laser has monochromaticity, that is, single frequency, and coherence, the light waves within a single laser beam are all synchronous. That is to say, a single laser beam has a specific wavelength and no other stray light, thus avoiding the interference of other stray light on the color of the fluorescence reaction, making the color display more obvious, the color sorting effect better, the dependence on the selection of luminous intensity smaller, and the grade of the optically sorted concentrate screened out higher.

[0040] Compared with ultraviolet laser, ordinary ultraviolet light is normally distributed and has miscellaneous colors, which affects the resolution ability of the high-speed camera of the color sorter. However, ordinary ultraviolet light has a relatively lower cost, and by setting an appropriate luminous intensity, a good optical sorting effect can also be obtained.

[0041] The third embodiment of the present invention also relates to a method for beneficiating fluorescent ores, which is substantially the same as the first or second embodiment. The difference is that in this embodiment, ultraviolet light and / or laser with a wavelength range of 200 nm to 400 nm is used for optical sorting. The inventors of the present invention have found that the color display difference between fluorescent ores and other ores is more obvious under ultraviolet light and / or laser in this wavelength band, and optical sorting by light waves is relatively easier and has relatively better effects. For example, under short-wave ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 200 - 280 nm, spodumene and lithiophilite show a brown fluorescence reaction, fluorite shows a blue-violet color, calcite shows a red color, and gangue does not show color; under medium-wave ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 280 - 315 nm and long-wave ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 315 - 365 nm, spodumene and lithiophilite show an orange-red fluorescence reaction, fluorite shows a blue-violet color, calcite shows a red color, and gangue does not show color; under long-wave ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 365 nm - 400 nm, spodumene shows a pink color, lithiophilite does not show color, fluorite shows a light purple color, calcite shows a light red color, and gangue does not show color.

[0042] The fourth embodiment of the present invention also relates to a method for beneficiating fluorescent ores, which is substantially the same as the first, second or third embodiment. The difference is that in this embodiment, optical sorting by light waves is carried out more than once, and through multiple optical sorting by light waves, the grade of the selected concentrate is higher.

[0043] The fifth embodiment of the present invention also relates to a method for beneficiating fluorescent ores, and the specific process is as Figure 1 shown. It should be noted that in this embodiment, spodumene is taken as an example for specific description, but this method is not limited to the beneficiation of spodumene, and is also applicable to the beneficiation of other fluorescent ores, such as the beneficiation of low-grade lithiophilite and low-grade fluorite. It can also be a mixed ore of spodumene and lithiophilite, a mixed ore of spodumene and fluorite, a mixed ore of spodumene, lithiophilite and fluorite, and so on.

[0044] Step 101, crush the raw ore to an appropriate particle size range, and the appropriate particle size range can be any particle size range within 0.038 mm - 100 mm. Here, taking a field spodumene ore sample in Hunan as an example, the raw ore is crushed to less than 30 mm.

[0045] Step 102: Classify the raw ore crushed to an appropriate particle size range (e.g., below 30 mm) through a classification device, screen out the particles smaller than the fine-grained classification point (i.e., fine-grained raw ore), and perform desliming and flotation in Step 103; the raw ore greater than or equal to the fine-grained classification point, i.e., coarse-grained and medium-grained raw ore, is subjected to optical sorting in Step 104. Among them, the fine-grained classification point can be any value between 0.038 mm and 0.074 mm; alternatively, the fine-grained classification point is determined by the recognition range of the optical sorting device selected. The purpose is to screen out the fine-grained particles that cannot be optically sorted for independent ore dressing, reduce the interference to optical sorting, improve the grade of the optical sorting concentrate, and increase the recovery rate of the fine-grained raw ore, thereby improving the overall recovery rate of the concentrate. Theoretically, particles larger than 0.038 mm - 0.074 mm can be optically sorted, but in practical applications, many optical sorting devices cannot reach this theoretical accuracy, so the fine-grained particles can also be divided according to the recognition range of the optical sorting device.

[0046] In specific implementation, the classification device can include devices such as vibrating screens, spiral classifiers, hydrocyclones, or any combination thereof.

[0047] The classification method can include wet classification or dry classification. Through wet screening or dry screening, the slime in the crushed ore is completely removed, and the fresh surface of the coarse-grained ore is exposed, which is conducive to the fluorescence reaction under ultraviolet or laser irradiation, making the optical sorting more accurate; moreover, the slime in the rough concentrate obtained by optical sorting of light wave color selection is less, which is conducive to improving the ore dressing effect of the subsequent grinding and separation operations.

[0048] In Step 103, taking the above example for specific description, the fine-grained raw ore with a particle size of less than 5 mm screened out is ground to a fineness of about 75%, and after conventional spodumene desliming (slime), a one-rough-one-scavenging-two-clean flotation process is carried out to obtain fine flotation concentrate and fine flotation tailings.

[0049] In Step 104, the medium-grained and coarse-grained raw ore screened in Step 102 is subjected to optical sorting (light wave color selection) to obtain optical sorting concentrate and optical sorting tailings. The light wave for optical sorting is ultraviolet light and / or laser with a wavelength range of 10 nm to 400 nm. The optical sorting can be a forward selection of spodumene, spodumene with lithium deficiency, or fluorite according to the fluorescence reaction of the light wave; or a reverse selection of blowing out gangue.

[0050] Taking advantage of the different fluorescence colors of different ores corresponding to different wavelengths and intensities of ultraviolet light and / or laser, the target minerals and other minerals can be clearly distinguished by the high-speed camera of the color sorter, and then through the method of forward selection or reverse selection, tailing rejection and purification can be achieved, that is, tailings are rejected and the target rough concentrate is extracted.

[0051] It should be noted that after selecting ultraviolet light of an appropriate wavelength, it is sometimes necessary to adjust the luminous intensity of the selected light source. For ultraviolet light of a certain wavelength range, the luminous intensity is also an important factor affecting the color sorting effect.

[0052] Still taking the spodumene ore sample at the Hunan site as an example, in this step, the 5-30 mm fraction on the screen is subjected to ultraviolet light separation. Positive light separation is carried out for those with a fluorescence reaction ratio of about 50% or more, and spodumene light separation concentrate and light separation tailings are obtained. The light separation results are shown in Table 2.

[0053] In step 105, the spodumene light separation concentrate is finely crushed or coarsely ground, and then subjected to grinding separation (grinding + flotation) to obtain spodumene concentrate. In specific implementation, it is not limited to this operation process, and other ore dressing methods can also be used or combined, such as using gravity separation instead of flotation. Still taking the spodumene ore sample at the Hunan site as an example, the light separation concentrate is ground to about 75%, and a one-roughing, one-scavenging, and two-cleaning flotation process is directly carried out to obtain light flotation concentrate and light flotation tailings. The flotation results are shown in Table 2.

[0054] Among them, the equipment used for fine crushing or coarse grinding can include roll crushers, rod mills, cone crushers, impact crushers, hammer crushers, etc., or any combination thereof.

[0055] In step 106, the light separation tailings are directly dehydrated to obtain feldspar or quartz ore, thereby further improving the economic value of the tailings. Among them, the equipment used for dehydrating the light separation tailings includes dehydration screens or belt filters.

[0056] Name Yield Grade Recovery Rate Slime 2.60％ 0.25 2.62％ Fine Flotation Concentrate 1.05％ 2.01 8.49％ Fine Flotation Tailings 16.33％ 0.13 8.54％ Ore Dressing Tailings 75.91％ 0.12 36.66％ Ore Dressing and Flotation Concentrate 1.98％ 5.30 42.23％ Ore Dressing and Flotation Tailings 2.13％ 0.17 1.46％ Raw Ore 100.00％ 0.25 100.00％

[0057] Table 2

[0058] From the comparison results of Table 1 and Table 2, it can be seen that for the same ore sample, using the existing ore dressing method, all the original ore needs to go through the entire target ore dressing process. Finally, the recovery rate of the spodumene concentrate obtained is 48.26%, and the grade is 2.22%. By adopting the implementation mode of the present invention, 75.91% of the light separation tailings can be thrown out in advance, and only about 20% of the light separation concentrate needs to go through the target concentrate ore dressing process. The ore dressing cost is significantly reduced, and finally, the recovery rate of the spodumene concentrate with a grade of 5.3% can reach 42.23%, and the recovery rate of the fine flotation concentrate with a grade of 2.01% is 8.49%. While reducing the ore dressing cost, the ore dressing effect is also significantly better than the existing technology.

[0059] It can be seen that by setting ultraviolet rays or lasers with preset wavelengths, different fluorescence reactions are formed for the target fluorescent ore and its impurities. As a result, a large amount of minerals (except the target ore) can be discarded by an optical separator, and high-grade target fluorescent ore concentrate can be selected. Subsequently, the user can, according to requirements, perform subsequent grinding and flotation on the high-grade target fluorescent ore optical separation concentrate to further obtain the target fluorescent ore flotation concentrate. Through this method, a large amount of useless ore can be discarded in advance, greatly reducing the amount of ore that needs to be ground and floated in the later stage, greatly reducing the grinding and flotation costs, and significantly improving the grade of the target fluorescent ore concentrate.

[0060] From the technical content of this embodiment, it can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention is applied to the beneficiation of low-grade fluorescent ore, and the effect of reducing beneficiation costs and improving beneficiation grade is particularly significant. Nevertheless, it can also be applied to the beneficiation of high-grade fluorescent ore, and can also achieve the technical effects of reducing partial costs and improving beneficiation grade.

[0061] As a further improvement, in the step of performing light wave color separation to obtain the optical separation concentrate, the raw ore can be classified according to the size range of the raw ore for optical separation into at least two sub-size ranges. For example, if the size range of the raw ore to be optically separated is small, it can be simply divided into medium-grained and coarse-grained levels. If the size range of the raw ore to be optically separated is large, it can be further divided into 3 or more size ranges. The raw ore in each sub-size range after classification is respectively subjected to light wave color separation to obtain the optical separation concentrate. Through this method, during optical separation, it is possible to better match the different applicable ranges of the optical separation equipment (optical separator), which is beneficial for setting the aperture, pressure, and / or quantity of the air jet nozzles (or elastic sheets) of the optical separator, making the optical separator more adaptable and obtaining higher grades and recovery rates.

[0062] The sixth embodiment of the present invention also relates to a method for beneficiating fluorescent ore, which is roughly the same as the fifth embodiment. The difference is that in the fifth embodiment, forward selection is used for optical separation, while in this embodiment, reverse selection is used for optical separation.

[0063] Still taking the field gangue sample in Hunan as an example for specific illustration.

[0064] For the field spodumene ore sample in Hunan, it is crushed to less than 30 mm, and the fraction less than 5 mm is screened out for grinding to a fineness of about 75%. After conventional spodumene desliming (ore slime), a one-roughing, one-scavenging, and two-cleaning flotation process is carried out to obtain fine flotation concentrate and fine flotation tailings; the fraction of 5 - 30 mm on the screen is subjected to ultraviolet optical separation, and the materials without fluorescence reaction are subjected to reverse optical separation to obtain optical separation concentrate and optical separation tailings. The optical separation concentrate is ground to about 75% and directly subjected to a one-roughing, one-scavenging, and two-cleaning flotation process to obtain light flotation concentrate and light flotation tailings. The specific beneficiation test results are shown in Table 3.

[0065]

[0066] Table 3

[0067] By comparing the ore dressing results of Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3, it can be seen that for the spodumene ore samples from the field in Hunan selected in the example, the tailings thrown out by the forward optical separation reach 75.91%, and the grade of the spodumene concentrate obtained reaches 5.3%; the tailings thrown out by the reverse optical separation are 45.01%, and the grade of the spodumene concentrate obtained reaches 3.78%. Compared with the prior art, both the forward and reverse optical separations can significantly reduce the amount of ore that needs to be ground and floated in the later stage, significantly reduce the grinding and flotation costs, and greatly improve the grade of the target fluorescent ore concentrate.

[0068] The seventh embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for dressing fluorescent ore. The specific method is substantially the same as that of the fifth embodiment. The difference is that in this embodiment, fluorite is taken as an example for illustration, specifically as Figure 2 shown. The following takes the fluorite sample containing calcite from the field in Linwu as an example for illustration.

[0069] Step 201, crush the raw ore to an appropriate particle size range, and the appropriate particle size range can be any particle size range within 0.038 mm - 100 mm. For the fluorite sample containing calcite from the field in Linwu, it is selected to be crushed to less than 40 mm.

[0070] Step 202, classify the raw ore crushed to the appropriate particle size range through a classification device, screen out the particles smaller than the fine particle size classification point (i.e., the fine particle size raw ore), and perform the desliming and flotation in Step 203; the raw ore greater than or equal to the fine particle size classification point, that is, the coarse particle size and medium particle size raw ore, is subjected to optical separation in Step 204. Among them, the fine particle size classification point can theoretically be any value between 0.038 mm - 0.074 mm. For the Linwu fluorite sample, 3 mm is selected as the classification point according to the optical separation device used.

[0071] In specific implementation, the classification device can include devices such as vibrating screens, spiral classifiers or hydrocyclones or any combination thereof.

[0072] The classification method can include wet classification or dry classification. Through wet screening or dry screening, the slime in the crushed ore is completely removed, and the fresh surface of the coarse-grained ore is exposed, which is conducive to the fluorescence reaction under ultraviolet or laser irradiation, making the optical separation more accurate; and, it makes the slime in the optical separation rough concentrate obtained by light wave color selection less, which is conducive to improving the ore dressing effect of the later grinding and dressing operations.

[0073] In Step 203, continuing with the above example for specific illustration, the fine particle size raw ore screened out to be less than 3 mm is ground to about 75% fineness, and after conventional fluorite desliming (slime), a one-rough-one-scavenge-five-clean flotation process is carried out to obtain fine flotation concentrate and fine flotation tailings.

[0074] In step 204, the medium-sized and coarse-sized raw ores screened in step 202 are subjected to light wave color sorting (optical sorting) to obtain optically sorted concentrate and optically sorted tailings.

[0075] As a further improvement, in order to improve the optical sorting efficiency and obtain better optical sorting results, in this step, the raw ores obtained by classification can be classified according to the particle size range of the raw ores to be optically sorted into at least two sub-particle size ranges. For example, if the particle size range of the raw ores to be optically sorted is small, it can be simply classified into 2 particle size ranges, namely medium-sized and coarse-sized. If the particle size range of the raw ores to be optically sorted is large, it can be further classified into 3 or more particle size ranges. The raw ores in each sub-particle size range after classification are respectively subjected to light wave color sorting to obtain optically sorted concentrate. By this method, when performing optical sorting, it can better match the different applicable ranges of the optical sorting equipment (optical sorter), which is beneficial to the setting of the nozzle (or shrapnel) diameter, pressure, and / or quantity of the optical sorter, making the optical sorter more adaptable and obtaining higher grade and recovery rate.

[0076] Still taking the fluorite sample containing calcite at the Linwu site as an example, in this step, two particle size grades of 3-8 mm and 8-40 mm are further screened out for rough optical separation and tailing rejection.

[0077] In step 205, the optically sorted concentrate obtained in step 204 is finely crushed or coarsely ground, and then subjected to grinding and separation to obtain fluorite flotation concentrate. In specific implementation, it is not limited to this operation process, and other ore dressing methods can also be adopted or combined (such as using gravity separation instead of flotation). Still taking the fluorite sample containing calcite at the Linwu site as an example, the 8-40 mm optically sorted concentrate obtained by optical sorting in step 204 is crushed, and the 3-8 mm particle size grade screened out and the 3-8 mm optically rough concentrate obtained by optical sorting in step 204 are combined and subjected to optical fine separation again; the middlings in optical separation are combined with the raw ore after desliming above 120 mesh and subjected to conventional fluorite flotation. At a grinding fineness of about 83% -200 mesh, it passes through a closed-circuit flotation process of one roughing, one scavenging, and five cleanings. The results of the ore dressing test are shown in Table 4.

[0078] In step 206, the optically sorted tailings are dewatered.

[0079] Name Yield <![CDATA[CaF 2 grade]]> <![CDATA[CaCO 3 Grade]]> <![CDATA[CaF 2 Recovery rate]]> <![CDATA[CaCO 3 Recovery rate <!-- 7 -->]]> Slime 4.10％ 15.67 17.28 2.84％ 4.20％ Ore Dressing Concentrate 12.30％ 92.13 3.42 50.26％ 2.50％ Ore Dressing Tailings 49.18％ 1.95 25.95 4.26％ 75.77％ Flotation Concentrate 9.84％ 91.78 4.20 40.06％ 2.45％ Flotation Tailings 24.59％ 2.36 10.33 2.58％ 15.08％ Raw Ore 100.00％ 22.54 16.84 100.00％ 100.00％

[0080] Table 4

[0081] When using the existing technology for ore dressing, the data of the fluorite at the site are as follows: when the grinding fineness of the raw ore is about 75% -200 mesh, through an open-circuit flotation process of one roughing, one scavenging, and five cleanings, the results of the ore dressing test are shown in Table 5:

[0082] Name Yield <![CDATA[CaF 2 grade]]> <![CDATA[CaCO 3 grade]]> <![CDATA[CaF 2 Recovery rate]]> <![CDATA[CaCO 3 Recovery rate]]> Fluorite Concentrate 25.34％ 72.56 12.18 77.80％ 18.77％ Intermediate Product 1 8.95％ 5.27 25.62 2.00％ 13.93％ Intermediate Product 2 3.71％ 27.21 21.35 4.27％ 4.81％ Intermediate Product 3 1.75％ 36.47 17.78 2.71％ 1.89％ Intermediate Product 4 1.33％ 45.63 14.82 2.57％ 1.20％ Intermediate Product 5 0.75％ 59.81 11.55 1.89％ 0.52％ Tailings 58.18％ 3.56 16.65 8.76％ 58.88％ Raw Ore 100.00％ 23.63 16.45 100.00％ 100.00％

[0083] Table 5

[0084] Comparing the data in Table 4 and Table 5, it can be clearly seen that by adopting this embodiment, a large amount of tailings can be pre-discarded during the fluorite beneficiation process, reducing the later beneficiation cost and increasing the grade of the final fluorite concentrate.

[0085] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that this is only an example, and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for beneficiating fluorescent ore, characterized in that, it includes: conducting optical wave color sorting on the raw ore meeting the particle size requirements to obtain optically sorted concentrate; the optical wave for the optically sorted concentrate to conduct the said optical wave color sorting is ultraviolet light and / or laser with a wavelength range of 10 nm to 400 nm.

2. The method for beneficiating fluorescent ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, the fluorescent ore contains at least one of the following or any combination thereof: spodumene, lithiophilite, and / or fluorite.

3. The method for beneficiating fluorescent ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, the optical wave for conducting the said optical wave color sorting is ultraviolet light or laser with a wavelength range of 200 nm to 400 nm.

4. The method for beneficiating fluorescent ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step of conducting optical wave color sorting on the raw ore meeting the particle size requirements, conduct optical wave color sorting once, or repeat optical wave color sorting more than once.

5. The method for beneficiating fluorescent ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step of conducting optical wave color sorting on the raw ore meeting the particle size requirements to obtain optically sorted concentrate, classify the raw ore meeting the particle size requirements into at least two sub-particle size ranges, and conduct optical wave color sorting on the raw ore in each classified sub-particle size range respectively to obtain optically sorted concentrate.

6. The method for beneficiating fluorescent ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, before the step of conducting optical wave color sorting on the raw ore meeting the particle size requirements, it further includes: classifying the raw ore of the fluorescent ore to obtain the raw ore meeting the particle size requirements for optical wave color sorting; the particle size requirements are greater than or equal to the fine particle size classification point, and the fine particle size classification point is any value between 0.038 mm and 0.074 mm; or, the fine particle size classification point is determined by the recognition range of the selected optical sorting equipment.

7. The method for beneficiating fluorescent ore according to claim 6, characterized in that, the classification is carried out by one of the following equipment or any combination thereof: vibrating screen, spiral classifier, hydrocyclone; and / or the classification includes wet screening or dry screening.

8. The method for beneficiating fluorescent ore according to claim 6, characterized in that, before the step of classifying the raw ore of the fluorescent ore to obtain the raw ore meeting the particle size requirements, it further includes: crushing the raw ore of the fluorescent ore to an appropriate particle size range, and the appropriate particle size range includes: 0.038 nm - 100 mm, or any sub-particle size range within this interval.

9. The method for beneficiating fluorescent ore according to claim 6, characterized in that, after the step of classifying the raw ore of the fluorescent ore, it further includes: conducting desliming and flotation on the raw ore with a particle size smaller than the fine particle size classification point obtained by classification to obtain the target flotation concentrate of fluorescent ore.

10. The method for beneficiating fluorescent ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, after the step of conducting optical wave color sorting on the raw ore meeting the particle size requirements to obtain optically sorted concentrate, it further includes: conducting fine crushing or rough grinding on the optically sorted concentrate, and then conducting grinding and separation to obtain the target grinding and separation concentrate of fluorescent ore.

11. The method for beneficiating fluorescent ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the step of subjecting the raw ore meeting the particle size requirement to optical wave color sorting to obtain the optically sorted concentrate, the following steps are further included: Dehydrate the optically sorted tailings obtained by the optical wave color sorting to obtain feldspar or quartz ore in rough form.

12. The fluorescent ore beneficiation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical wave color sorting is positive selection of the target fluorescent ore according to the fluorescence reaction of the optical wave; or it is reverse selection of ores other than the target fluorescent ore according to the fluorescence reaction of the optical wave.

13. The fluorescent ore beneficiation method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The method for dehydrating the optically sorted tailings is: Dehydrate the optically sorted tailings through a dehydration screen or a belt filter.

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