A centrifugal device for grain refinement of castings

Abstract

The present invention discloses a centrifugal device for grain refinement of castings, specifically relating to the field of grain refinement of castings by centrifugation, including a driving motor, a graphite ring, and a spherical casting mold structure. The driving motor drives the graphite ring to rotate through an output shaft at its end, and when the graphite ring rotates, it drives the spherical casting mold structure to rotate through friction; a clamping mechanism is clamped around and at the top of the spherical casting mold structure, and a connecting arm is fixedly installed at the top of the clamping mechanism. The mold shell is clamped between multiple positioning disks, and by utilizing the rolling characteristics of spherical balls, an effect of simulating a "bearing" is formed, enabling the mold shell to rotate and centrifuge smoothly between the multiple positioning disks; at the same time, after centrifugation at a certain stage is completed, the position of the mold shell can be adjusted to achieve the effect of adjusting the centrifuge rotation axis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of centrifugal technology for grain refinement of castings. More specifically, the present invention relates to a centrifugal device for grain refinement of castings. Background Art

[0002] Centrifugal grain refinement of castings in the prior art refers to injecting molten metal into a rapidly rotating mold, and using centrifugal force to cause the metal to be evenly distributed along the mold wall and rapidly cooled, thereby obtaining a fine and uniform grain structure and improving the mechanical properties and density of the casting.

[0003] In a traditional centrifugal device for molten metal of castings, after the mold and its molten metal are fixed, the axis position of the centrifugal rotation cannot be adjusted, which is not conducive to the operator obtaining the desired grain refinement effect of uniform conditions, nor is it conducive to controlling the centrifugal rotation conditions of different axes of the casting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a centrifugal device for grain refinement of castings, which adjusts the position of the mold shell to achieve the effect of adjusting the axis of centrifugal rotation, so as to solve some of the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A centrifugal device for grain refinement of castings includes a driving motor, a graphite ring, and a spherical casting mold structure. The driving motor drives the graphite ring to rotate through the output shaft at its end, and when the graphite ring rotates, it drives the spherical casting mold structure to rotate through friction; a clamping mechanism is clamped around and on the top of the spherical casting mold structure, and a connecting arm is fixedly installed at the top of the clamping mechanism.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, a mold shell base is installed at the bottom of the driving motor, a box body is installed outside the driving motor, the mold shell base and the spherical casting mold structure, a hydraulic rod is installed at the top of the inner cavity of the box body, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod is installed with the connecting arm;

[0007] A mold shell platform one is installed on the output shaft at the end of the driving motor, a mold shell platform two is fixedly installed on the top of the mold shell platform one, a mold shell frame is installed in the inner cavity of the mold shell platform two through bolts, and a plurality of card slots are opened at the top of the mold shell frame, and inserts or casting mold groups are inserted into the card slots;

[0008] A support plate is fixedly installed at the top of the insert, and the graphite ring is fixedly connected to the support plate.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the clamping mechanism includes a cantilever and a positioning disk. The number of the positioning disks is at least five. The five positioning disks are respectively installed at the bottom ends of four cantilevers and the bottom of the connecting arm. The five positioning disks are used for clamping the spherical casting mold structure.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, at least four frame arms are fixedly installed on the concave surface of the positioning disk. A clamping plate is rotatably connected to the outside of the frame arm through a bearing. The clamping plate is arranged in an arc shape. A plurality of ball structures are installed on the side of the clamping plate away from the positioning disk. The ball structures are used for fitting the spherical casting mold structure;

[0011] The ball structure includes a semi-circular cover and a spherical ball. The semi-circular cover is fixedly connected to the clamping plate. The spherical ball is rotatably connected in the semi-circular cavity of the semi-circular cover;

[0012] An external tension spring is installed between the clamping plates installed on the concave surface of the positioning disk;

[0013] A spring push arm is installed at the bottom of the positioning disk. The spring push arm is used to push the clamping plate to contact the outer wall of the spherical casting mold structure. A prefabricated sliding groove is opened on the outer wall of the clamping plate.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the spring push arm includes a base. The base is fixedly connected to the positioning disk. A push arm is slidably connected in the inner cavity of the base. A spring section for pushing the push arm is installed in the inner cavity of the base. A pressure sensor is installed at the end of the push arm.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the spherical casting mold structure includes at least two mold shells. After the two mold shells are combined, a circular structure is formed. A recess is opened at the joint of one of the mold shells, and a protrusion is installed at the joint of the other mold shell. The two mold shells are mutually engaged through the protrusion and the recess.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, a through installation groove is opened between the two mold shells. The through installation groove is composed of a positioning groove one and a positioning groove two, and the positioning groove one is communicated with the positioning groove two. The diameter of the positioning groove two is larger than that of the positioning groove one. After the installation grooves between the two mold shells are aligned, an external thread positioning rod and an internal thread positioning sleeve are installed in the through groove, and the external thread positioning rod is threadedly connected with the internal thread positioning sleeve. A filling plug one is inserted into the inner cavity of the positioning groove two.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, a semi-circular mold core is installed in the inner cavity of each of the two mold shells. The top of the mold shell is eccentrically provided with a liquid injection port. The inner cavity of the liquid injection port is blocked by a filling plug two in a plugging or threaded connection manner.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, after the two formwork shells are installed with each other, the space between the two core molds is used for pouring molten casting metal or clamping the entire mold with molten casting metal.

[0019] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0020] The formwork shell is clamped between multiple positioning discs. Utilizing the rolling characteristics of the spherical ball bearings, an effect of simulating a "bearing" is formed, enabling the formwork shell to rotate centrifugally between the multiple positioning discs. At the same time, after centrifugation ends at a certain stage, the position of the formwork shell can be adjusted to achieve the effect of adjusting the centrifugal rotation axis. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom view structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drive motor and the spherical casting mold of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spherical casting mold and the hydraulic rod of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the insert block of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a sectional view of the structure of the filling plug II of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting arm and the spherical casting mold of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of the structure of part A.

[0029] Figure 9 It is a sectional view of the structure of the through groove in the formwork shell of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged view of the structure of part B.

[0031] Figure 11 It is a further sectional view of the structure of the spring push arm of the present invention.

[0032] The reference numerals are: 1 driving motor, 2 graphite ring, 3 spherical casting mold structure, 31 mold shell, 32 convex part, 33 concave part, 34 positioning groove 1, 35 positioning groove 2, 36 external thread positioning rod, 37 internal thread positioning sleeve, 38 filling plug 1, 39 mold core, 310 liquid injection port, 311 filling plug 2, 4 clamping mechanism, 41 cantilever, 42 positioning plate, 43 frame arm, 44 clamping plate, 45 spring push arm, 451 base, 452 spring section, 453 push arm, 454 pressure sensor, 46 semi-circular cover, 47 spherical ball, 48 external pull spring, 49 prefabricated chute, 5 connecting arm, 6 hydraulic rod, 7 box body, 8 mold shell seat, 9 mold shell platform 1, 10 mold shell platform 2, 11 mold shell frame, 12 insertion block, 13 support plate. Detailed implementation mode

[0033] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] Refer to the attached drawings of the specification Figure 1-11 For a centrifugal device for grain refinement of castings according to an embodiment of the present invention, it includes a driving motor 1, a graphite ring 2, and a spherical casting mold structure 3. The driving motor 1 drives the graphite ring 2 to rotate through the output shaft at its end. When the graphite ring 2 rotates, it drives the spherical casting mold structure 3 to rotate through friction; the periphery and top of the spherical casting mold structure 3 are clamped with a clamping mechanism 4, and a connecting arm 5 is fixedly installed at the top of the clamping mechanism 4; as Figure 1-3 shown, in the selection of the model of the driving motor 1, if its model is not resistant to high temperature, it can be installed by placing the driving motor 1 outside the box body 7, that is, leaving the rotating rod part of the output shaft of the driving motor 1 inside the box body 7, and the rest outside or at the bottom of the box body 7, so as to reduce the selection difficulty of the driving motor 1; when the spherical casting mold structure 3 rotates centrifugally, through the friction between the graphite material of the graphite ring 2 and the spherical casting mold structure 3, the spherical casting mold structure 3 is driven to rotate, so as to form the effect of centrifugal casting molten metal liquid. At the same time, the vertical arrangement of the spherical casting mold structure 3 is beneficial to increasing the friction between the graphite ring 2 and the spherical casting mold structure 3. At the same time, the adjustable clamping relationship between the spherical casting mold structure 3 and the clamping mechanism 4 is beneficial to adjusting the rotation axis of the spherical casting mold structure 3 and improving the problem of single axial centrifugal effect.

[0035] A die casing base 8 is installed at the bottom of the driving motor 1. The driving motor 1, the die casing base 8 and the outer part of the spherical casting die structure 3 are installed with a box body 7. A hydraulic rod 6 is installed at the top of the inner cavity of the box body 7. The telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 6 is installed with the connecting arm 5; the hydraulic rod 6 is used to push the spherical casting die structure 3 and the clamping mechanism 4 to move towards the position of the graphite ring 2, improving the centrifugal stability of the spherical casting die structure 3; a first die casing platform 9 is installed on the output shaft at the end of the driving motor 1. A second die casing platform 10 is fixedly installed on the top of the first die casing platform 9. A die casing frame 11 is installed in the inner cavity of the second die casing platform 10 through bolts. A plurality of card slots are formed at the top of the die casing frame 11. Plug blocks 12 or casting die sets are inserted into the card slots; in the card slots arranged at the top of the die casing frame 11, there are two application methods. The first method is to directly place a small casting die set together with the molten casting metal inside it in the die casing frame 11. At this time, the spherical casting die structure 3 is not needed and centrifugation is directly carried out; the other method is to insert the plug block 12. When the die casing frame 11 rotates along with the second die casing platform 10 and the first die casing platform 9, it drives the graphite ring 2 to rotate synchronously, and the graphite ring 2 drives the spherical casting die structure 3 to carry out centrifugation. The purpose of such a setting is to facilitate the adjustment of the centrifugal state of different axes and improve the application range; a support plate 13 is fixedly installed at the top of the plug block 12, and the graphite ring 2 is fixedly connected with the support plate 13.

[0036] The clamping mechanism 4 includes a cantilever 41 and a positioning disk 42. The number of positioning disks 42 is at least five. The five positioning disks 42 are respectively installed at the bottom ends of the four cantilevers 41 and the bottom of the connecting arm 5. The five positioning disks 42 are used to clamp the spherical casting die structure 3.

[0037] At least four frame arms 43 are fixedly installed on the concave surface of the positioning disk 42. The outer part of the frame arms 43 is rotationally connected with a clamping plate 44 through a bearing. The clamping plate 44 is arranged in an arc shape. A plurality of ball structures are installed on the side of the clamping plate 44 away from the positioning disk 42. The ball structures are used to fit the spherical casting die structure 3; it can be understood that the recessed part 33 can rotate around the frame arms 43 as the axis.

[0038] The ball structure includes a semi-circular cover 46 and a spherical ball 47. The semi-circular cover 46 is fixedly connected with the clamping plate 44. The spherical ball 47 is rotationally connected in the semi-circular chamber of the semi-circular cover 46. That is, there is a semi-circular chamber inside the semi-circular cover 46. The spherical ball 47 is stuck in the inner cavity of the semi-circular cover 46 and cannot break away, and at the same time keeps rotating in the inner cavity of the semi-circular cover 46. Its state is similar to a spherical joint or a spherical bearing joint; the surface of the semi-circular cover 46 in contact with the spherical ball 47 is kept smooth or a low-friction material is selected, so as to facilitate rolling.

[0039] An external tension spring 48 is installed between multiple clamping plates 44 mounted on the concave surface of the positioning disc 42. The external tension spring 48 includes a tension spring made of nickel-titanium memory alloy, Inconel-based high-temperature elastic alloy, or high-temperature stainless steel spring steel, aiming to be heat-resistant. The high-temperature stainless steel spring steel includes SUS631 and 17-7PH, and the Inconel-based high-temperature elastic alloy includes Inconel X-750. The function of the external tension spring 48 is to tighten multiple clamping plates 44, improving the fastening property during the process of the clamping mechanism 4 clamping the spherical casting mold structure 3. The specific clamping force required can be adjusted according to actual needs. Additionally, in practical applications, the spring section 452 can also be made of the same heat-resistant material as the external tension spring 48 to extend the service life of the device.

[0040] A spring push arm 45 is installed at the bottom of the positioning disc 42. The spring push arm 45 is used to push the clamping plate 44 to contact the outer wall of the spherical casting mold structure 3. A prefabricated sliding groove 49 is formed on the outer wall of the clamping plate 44. The surface of the prefabricated sliding groove 49 in contact with the pressure sensor 454 can also be made of relatively smooth or low-friction material to extend the service life. The function of the spring push arm 45 is to improve the multi-directional stability during the centrifugal rotation of the spherical casting mold structure 3.

[0041] The spring push arm 45 includes a base 451, the base 451 is fixedly connected to the positioning disc 42. A push arm 453 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the base 451. A spring section 452 for pushing the push arm 453 is installed in the inner cavity of the base 451. A pressure sensor 454 is installed at the end of the push arm 453. The pressure sensor 454 includes a heat-resistant pressure sensor such as a ceramic pressure sensor or a high-temperature piezoelectric pressure sensor.

[0042] The spherical casting mold structure 3 includes at least two mold shells 31. After the two mold shells 31 are combined, a circular structure is formed. A recess 33 is formed at the joint of one mold shell 31, and a protrusion 32 is installed at the joint of the other mold shell 31. The two mold shells 31 are engaged with each other through the protrusion 32 and the recess 33. Additionally, a gasket made of graphite or ceramic fiber material can be installed at the joint to reduce the leakage of the molten casting liquid in practical applications.

[0043] There is a through-shaped installation groove opened between two formwork shells 31. The through-shaped installation groove is composed of a first positioning groove 34 and a second positioning groove 35, and the first positioning groove 34 communicates with the second positioning groove 35. The diameter of the second positioning groove 35 is larger than that of the first positioning groove 34. After the installation grooves between the two formwork shells 31 are aligned, an externally threaded positioning rod 36 and an internally threaded positioning sleeve 37 are installed in the through groove, and the externally threaded positioning rod 36 is threadedly connected to the internally threaded positioning sleeve 37. Cross-shaped screw caps are installed at the ends of both the externally threaded positioning rod 36 and the internally threaded positioning sleeve 37. After the externally threaded positioning rod 36 and the internally threaded positioning sleeve 37 are tightened, the cross-shaped screw caps are stuck in the inner cavity of the second positioning groove 35, and a first filling plug 38 is inserted into the inner cavity of the second positioning groove 35; as Figure 10 shown, first, the thread structure of the externally threaded positioning rod 36 and the internally threaded positioning sleeve 37 is not drawn in the figure for the clarity of viewing the picture. The thread structure is a bolt part in the prior art, etc. After the externally threaded positioning rod 36 and the internally threaded positioning sleeve 37 are threadedly connected, the effect of fastening the two formwork shells 31 is achieved. The first filling plug 38 can be made of the same mold material as the formwork shell 31, or ceramic fiber material, graphite material, etc. After being used for plugging, the circular structure of the formwork shell 31 can be kept intact.

[0044] Semicircular mold cores 39 are installed in the inner cavities of the two formwork shells 31 respectively, as Figure 6 shown. The top of the formwork shell 31 is eccentrically provided with a liquid injection port 310, and a second filling plug 311 is plugged in the inner cavity of the liquid injection port 310 in a plug-in or threaded connection manner. Figure 6 The position of the liquid injection port 310 shown is eccentric with respect to the positioning disk 42. Because the position of the installation groove needs to be avoided to reduce the probability of liquid leakage. When the second filling plug 311 is plugged in the inner cavity of the liquid injection port 310 by threaded connection, corresponding thread grooves are also opened at the hole of the liquid injection port 310 to achieve the "plugging method of threaded connection".

[0045] After the two formwork shells 31 are installed with each other, molten casting metal is poured between the two mold cores 39 or the whole mold with molten casting metal is clamped; in addition, as Figure 9 shown, Figure 9 in the figure, the seams of the two formwork shells 31 can be seen, but the reason why the seams of the two mold cores 39 cannot be seen is that when the two formwork shells 31 clamp the two mold cores 39, the seam positions can be deflected to reduce the coincidence of the seams and thus reduce the liquid leakage;

[0046] In addition, the shape of the mold core 39 can be directly designed as the core of the required mold, so that the mold core 39 itself is the core of the mold. When the molten casting metal is centrifuged, it can be directly poured into the two mold cores 39. In addition, there is also an application method. The two mold cores 39 can be understood as a clamping core structure, which is used to clamp the mold that needs to be centrifuged, and at the same time, the mold is filled with molten casting metal.

[0047] It should be further explained that in actual application, the molten casting metal is poured between the two mold cores 39, or the whole mold with the molten casting metal is clamped and fixed by the two mold cores 39. The two mold shells 31 are clamped and fixed to the two mold cores 39, and the external thread positioning rod 36 is threadedly connected with the internal thread positioning sleeve 37 to achieve the effect of fixing the two mold shells 31. At the same time, the filling plug 38 is blocked in the inner cavity of the positioning groove 35, so that the two mold shells 31 form a complete circular structure. In addition, if it is not necessary to add molten casting metal again after fixing, in the actual production process, the solution with the liquid injection port 310 and the filling plug 311 can also be cancelled. The liquid injection port 310 and the filling plug 311 are for facilitating operations such as adding molten casting metal or exhausting air. A screwdriver slot in the shape of a straight line or a cross can also be opened at the top of the filling plug 311.

[0048] Immediately afterwards, the mold shell 31 is clamped between multiple positioning disks 42. The clamping force of the clamping plate 44 is pushed by the spring push arm 45 and the external tension spring 48 to achieve the effect of clamping the mold shell 31. Utilizing the rolling characteristics of the spherical balls 47, an effect of simulating a "bearing" is formed, so that the mold shell 31 can rotate and centrifuge between the multiple positioning disks 42. At the same time, after the centrifugation ends at a certain stage, the position of the mold shell 31 can be adjusted to achieve the effect of adjusting the centrifugal rotation axis.

[0049] During centrifugal rotation, the drive motor 1 drives the mold shell platform 9, the mold shell platform 10, and the mold shell frame 11 to rotate, so that the insertion block 12 drives the support plate 13 and the graphite ring 2 to rotate. When the graphite ring 2 rotates, the spherical casting mold structure 3 is driven to rotate centrifugally in the clamping mechanism 4 by means of friction. After the centrifugal rotation ends, the spherical casting mold structure 3 is pushed upward to achieve the effect of pressing the hydraulic rod 6, thereby reserving a space for disassembling the spherical casting mold structure 3, and the centrifugal rotation can be completed.

[0050] In addition, this solution also includes constructing a motor speed control model based on the clamping pressure feedback through the pressure sensor 454 for regulating the rotation speed of the drive motor 1.

[0051] It should be noted in this solution that positioning disks 42 are provided around and on the top of the spherical casting mold structure 3, that is, there are 5 positioning disks 42. Each positioning disk 42 is equipped with four clamping plates 44, each clamping plate 44 corresponds to a spring push arm 45, and each spring push arm 45 corresponds to a pressure sensor 454. That is, there are 4 pressure sensors 454. Finally, each spherical casting mold structure 3 includes at least 4 * 5 = 20 pressure sensors 454 for pressure monitoring and regulation;

[0052] In the formula structure involved in this solution, dimensionless terms can serve as proportional or structural adjustment factors. When combined with quantities with units, they only play a role in numerical scaling and do not introduce new physical dimensions. Therefore, they do not change or confuse the overall unit system of the expression; such combinations of "dimensionless terms and terms with units" can be understood as the composite structure expression forms commonly used in mathematical physics modeling, conforming to the principle of dimensional consistency and having a clear physical interpretation basis;

[0053] Secondly, in the formula structure of this solution, if there are multiple variable terms with different physical units, including but not limited to time - type, mass - type or energy - type variables, their combined appearance is to express the co - modeling relationship of multiple physical mechanisms. Each variable forms a unified structure through function mapping, ratio combination or normalization adjustment, with clear units and definite meanings. The overall expression conforms to the principle of dimensional consistency and the common norms of engineering modeling;

[0054] The motor speed control model based on clamping pressure feedback includes:

[0055] ;

[0056] Among them represents the rotational speed value of the drive motor 1 finally output by the motor speed control model, with the unit of rpm; is the reference speed value. In practical applications, the reference speed value can preset the initial speed according to the selected metal material and the mass of the spherical casting mold structure 3, with the unit of rpm; is the control right factor. The three control right factors are respectively used to coordinate the influence degree of the three variables on the output speed; this control right factor can be a proportional adjustment constant fitted according to experimental results in practical applications;

[0057] Among them, the clamping symmetric offset term is expressed as: ;

[0058] Among them is the average pressure value measured currently by the 4 pressure sensors 454 installed on the th positioning disk 42, with the unit of N, In the above formula, it represents the average clamping force of the spherical casting mold structure 3 at this location; is the maximum average clamping pressure value among the five positioning plates 42, indicating the tightest clamping position; is the minimum average clamping pressure value among the five positioning disks 42, indicating the loosest clamping position; It represents the arithmetic mean of the clamping average pressure of all five positioning plates 42, in N, and the calculation method includes: ; Clamping symmetry offset item It is an indicator to measure whether the five-point clamping is uniform and symmetrical. The larger the value of , the more uneven the clamping force is, which means that the spherical casting mold structure 3 has an eccentricity tendency;

[0059] Clamping disturbance intensity term It is expressed as: ;

[0060] in For the Positioning disk 42 The pressure sensor 454 is at the current moment The collected instantaneous pressure value, in N; For the previous moment The pressure value recorded by the pressure sensor 454; represents the amplitude of the clamping pressure fluctuation at this point; the sum of 20 points is averaged and then raised to the 1.5th power to construct a disturbance enhancement response function, where the 1.5th power is used to enhance the significance of medium disturbances, and the unit is maintained as "dimensionless relative disturbance coefficient"; the clamping disturbance intensity term Indicates the overall vibration level of the clamping system. The larger the value is, the more unstable the dynamic clamping force is, and the speed of the drive motor 1 needs to be reduced to buffer the disturbance. Refers to a total of 20 pressure sensors 454;

[0061] Structural clamping response index It is expressed as: ;

[0062] The response speed term of the spring push arm 45 is expressed as ; ;

[0063] in It represents the instantaneous speed of pressure change of a single pressure sensor 454 under the action of the spring segment 452 of the corresponding spring push arm 45, in N / s; all absolute values are taken and averaged to simulate the overall response speed; The higher the value, the more sensitive the response of the spring segment 452 is, and the better the clamping followability is. In this case, the speed of the drive motor 1 should be appropriately increased.

[0064] As the tension asymmetry index of the external tension spring 48 ; ;

[0065] And has the same formula expression form as this, but is explained from the perspective of the system tension structure here; It is used to describe the simultaneous tightening of the four clamping plates 44. If the symmetry is poor, that is, it is clamped tighter in a certain direction, it will cause the system tension field to tilt. The rotational speed should be appropriately reduced and wait for the system to reconstruct the clamping stable area;

[0066] Wherein The larger the value of, the better the system responsiveness and the more stable the clamping tension. The rotational speed of the drive motor 1 can be appropriately increased; Are all fitting adjustment factors and can be adjusted experimentally in actual applications;

[0067] In the present invention, the rotational speed adjustment of the drive motor 1 is based on the symmetry of the clamping mechanism 4. When the clamping force distribution of the five positioning disks 42 on the spherical casting mold structure 3 is eccentric, that is, when it is clamped significantly too tight or too loose in any direction, by calculating the maximum and minimum deviation rates of the clamping average pressure value, it is expressed by to immediately determine the eccentricity trend of the mold; If The value of is on the high side, and the system automatically reduces the output rotational speed of the drive motor 1 to avoid uneven solidification of the molten metal caused by the deflection or asymmetric rotation of the mold during the centrifugal process;

[0068] At the same time, this solution also continuously monitors the historical pressure jump amplitude of all 20 pressure sensors 454 and expresses it by the clamping disturbance intensity term ; When the clamping state is unstable and the pressure value fluctuates violently, it is determined that the mold or the spherical casting mold structure 3 may experience instantaneous sliding, jitter or position offset during centrifugal rotation. Therefore, the speed of the drive motor 1 is correspondingly reduced to ensure stable operation of the centrifugal process under disturbance conditions and avoid grain structure damage;

[0069] On the contrary, if the action of the spring push arm 45 on the clamping plate 44 shows a uniform and rapid pressure response in all directions, and the overall tension distribution of the clamping structure connected by the external tension spring 48 is stable, by calculating the structure clamping response index It is confirmed that the clamping structure has high responsiveness and high symmetry. At this time, the rotational speed of the drive motor 1 is allowed to be appropriately increased to obtain a stronger centrifugal effect, thereby promoting the formation of more uniform grains in the molten casting metal in the spherical casting mold structure 3.

[0070] In addition, in practical applications, the power cable harness of the driving motor 1 of this solution can be installed outside the box body 7, introduced through a high-temperature-resistant braided shielded wire and fixed in a static area near the driving motor 1 to avoid rotational disturbances; the pressure sensor 454 is powered by an independent battery and encapsulated in a high-temperature-resistant housing, and realizes wireless data transmission in combination with the Bluetooth Mesh or high-frequency radio frequency protocol. All sensor signals are centrally decoded and processed by an external receiving module, so as to achieve reliable power supply and communication in an environment of high temperature, high speed, and clamping interference; in practical applications, the pressure sensor 454 transmits the collected data to an external receiving module in real time wirelessly, and the receiving module generates a control signal according to the model calculation result and feeds it back to the driving motor 1 to adjust its speed;

[0071] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A centrifugal device for grain refinement of castings, comprising a drive motor (1), a graphite ring (2), and a spherical casting mold structure (3), characterized in that: The driving motor (1) drives the graphite ring (2) to rotate through the output shaft at its end, and drives the spherical casting die structure (3) to rotate through frictional force when the graphite ring (2) rotates; the periphery and top of the spherical casting die structure (3) are clamped with a clamping mechanism (4), and a connecting arm (5) is fixedly installed at the top of the clamping mechanism (4); A die shell base (8) is installed at the bottom of the driving motor (1), a box body (7) is installed outside the driving motor (1), the die shell base (8) and the spherical casting die structure (3), a hydraulic rod (6) is installed at the top of the inner cavity of the box body (7), and the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod (6) is installed with the connecting arm (5); A die shell platform one (9) is installed on the output shaft at the end of the driving motor (1), a die shell platform two (10) is fixedly installed on the top of the die shell platform one (9), a die shell frame (11) is installed in the inner cavity of the die shell platform two (10) through bolts, a plurality of card slots are opened at the top of the die shell frame (11), and a plug block (12) or a casting die set is inserted into the card slots; A support plate (13) is fixedly installed at the top of the plug block (12), and the graphite ring (2) is fixedly connected with the support plate (13); The clamping mechanism (4) includes cantilever arms (41) and positioning discs (42), the number of the positioning discs (42) is at least five, and the five positioning discs (42) are respectively installed at the bottom ends of the four cantilever arms (41) and the bottom of the connecting arm (5), and the five positioning discs (42) are used for clamping the spherical casting die structure (3); At least four frame arms (43) are fixedly installed on the concave surface of the positioning disc (42), a clamping plate (44) is rotatably connected to the outside of the frame arms (43) through bearings, the clamping plate (44) is arranged in an arc shape, and a plurality of ball structures are installed on the side of the clamping plate (44) away from the positioning disc (42), and the ball structures are used for fitting the spherical casting die structure (3); The ball structure includes a semi-circular cover (46) and a spherical ball (47), the semi-circular cover (46) is fixedly connected with the clamping plate (44), and the spherical ball (47) is rotatably connected in the semi-circular chamber of the semi-circular cover (46); An external tension spring (48) is installed between the clamping plates (44) installed on the concave surface of the positioning disc (42); A spring push arm (45) is installed at the bottom of the positioning disc (42), the spring push arm (45) is used for pushing the clamping plate (44) to contact the outer wall of the spherical casting die structure (3), and a prefabricated sliding groove (49) is opened on the outer wall of the clamping plate (44); The spherical casting die structure (3) includes at least two die shells (31); A through-shaped installation groove is formed between the two formwork shells (31). The through-shaped installation groove is composed of a first positioning groove (34) and a second positioning groove (35), and the first positioning groove (34) communicates with the second positioning groove (35). The diameter of the second positioning groove (35) is larger than that of the first positioning groove (34). After the installation grooves between the two formwork shells (31) are aligned, an externally threaded positioning rod (36) and an internally threaded positioning sleeve (37) are installed in the through groove, and the externally threaded positioning rod (36) is threadedly connected to the internally threaded positioning sleeve (37). A first filling plug (38) is inserted into the inner cavity of the second positioning groove (35).

2. The centrifugal device for grain refinement of castings according to claim 1, wherein: The spring push arm (45) includes a base (451). The base (451) is fixedly connected to the positioning disc (42). A push arm (453) is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the base (451). A spring section (452) for pushing the push arm (453) is installed in the inner cavity of the base (451). A pressure sensor (454) is installed at the end of the push arm (453).

3. The centrifugal device for grain refinement of castings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two formwork shells (31) form a circular structure after combination. A recessed portion (33) is formed at the joint of one formwork shell (31), and a protruding portion (32) is installed at the joint of the other formwork shell (31). The two formwork shells (31) are engaged with each other through the protruding portion (32) and the recessed portion (33).

4. A centrifugal device for grain refinement of castings according to claim 3, characterized in that: A semi-circular core (39) is installed in the inner cavity of each of the two formwork shells (31). A liquid injection port (310) is eccentrically formed at the top of the formwork shell (31). A second filling plug (311) is plugged into the inner cavity of the liquid injection port (310) in a plug-in or threaded connection manner.

5. A centrifugal device for grain refinement of castings according to claim 4, characterized in that: After the two formwork shells (31) are installed with each other, molten casting metal can be poured between the two cores (39) or the whole mold with molten casting metal can be clamped.

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