Grinding device

Abstract

The invention provides a grinding device which is used for machining a to-be-ground part, the to-be-ground part is provided with a thrust face located at the end of the to-be-ground part and an outer circle face arranged around the to-be-ground part, and the grinding device comprises a supporting plate, a first guide face, a second guide face and a third guide face. The guide wheel is rotatably arranged; a second guide surface is arranged on the guide wheel; a mounting space for accommodating a to-be-ground part is formed between the first guide surface and the second guide surface; the positioning assembly is used for positioning a to-be-ground part in the mounting space; and the grinding component is rotatably arranged so as to grind the thrust surface of the component to be ground. The grinding device solves the technical problem that the machining cost of the thrust surface of the crankshaft is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of grinding processing, and particularly relates to a grinding device. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, a thrust face grinding machine is adopted for grinding the thrust face of the crankshaft of a rotary compressor, and a special V-block grinding fixture is configured (see the appendix Figure 1 ). When grinding the thrust face of the crankshaft of a rotary compressor, it is clamped in the following manner and then ground: Refer to Figure 1 , V-block positioning is adopted, and then it is clamped by two oil cylinders. The grinding wheel feeds in the Z direction for thrust face grinding, and the surface roughness can reach Ra0.3, and the flatness reaches 0.005.

[0003] However, the above processing method is adopted for grinding the thrust face of the crankshaft in the prior art. This kind of grinding processing device is a commonly used method in the industry. The processing method is too single, which is not conducive to the production mode of multi-variety and small-batch, and increases the production cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical deficiencies, and provide a grinding device and a grinding method to solve the technical problem of high cost in the processing of the thrust face of the crankshaft in the related art.

[0005] To achieve the above technical purpose, the present invention takes the following technical solutions: A grinding device is provided for processing a component to be ground. The component to be ground has a thrust face located at the end of the component to be ground and an outer cylindrical surface surrounding the component to be ground. The grinding device includes: A platen, on which a first guiding surface is provided; A guide wheel, rotatably arranged; a second guiding surface is provided on the guide wheel; there is an installation space for accommodating the component to be ground between the first guiding surface and the second guiding surface; A positioning assembly, which is used to position the component to be ground in the installation space; A grinding component, rotatably arranged to grind the thrust face of the component to be ground.

[0006] Further, the platen includes: A bracket, on which an installation part is provided, and an installation groove is provided on the installation part; A support block, which is arranged in the installation groove; the first guiding surface is provided on the support block.

[0007] Further, there are a plurality of the mounting portions, and the plurality of the mounting portions are arranged at intervals; there are a plurality of the support blocks, and the plurality of the support blocks are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of the mounting portions; and / or, The support block is detachably arranged in the mounting groove; and / or, The included angle between the first guiding surface and the horizontal direction is 30°; the first guiding surface is used to support the component to be ground.

[0008] Further, the grinding component includes a rotating shaft and a grinding portion connected to the rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged; a first grinding surface for grinding the thrust surface and a connecting surface connected to the first grinding surface are arranged on the grinding portion; the connecting surface is located on one side of the first grinding surface close to the rotating shaft, and the value range of the included angle a between the connecting surface and the thrust surface is 8° to 10°.

[0009] Further, the grinding component includes a first grinding component and a second grinding component; the first grinding component and the second grinding component are relatively detachably arranged, and the first grinding surface is arranged on the first grinding component; a second grinding surface for grinding the outer cylindrical surface is arranged on the second grinding component.

[0010] Further, the positioning assembly includes a top block, and the top block is used to abut against one end of the component to be ground away from the thrust surface.

[0011] Further, the positioning assembly includes a connecting seat, the connecting seat is connected to the support plate, and the top block is arranged on the connecting seat.

[0012] Further, the top block includes a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion connected to each other; the first connecting portion is connected to the connecting seat; the second connecting portion is used to abut against the component to be ground; one end of the first connecting portion away from the second connecting portion has a contact surface for abutting against the component to be ground.

[0013] Further, A groove is arranged in the second connecting portion, and the groove is recessed from the contact surface; and / or, At least part of the contact surface is an arc surface.

[0014] Further, the positioning assembly further includes a push cylinder body, and the piston rod of the push cylinder body is movably arranged to push the component to be ground to abut against the top block.

[0015] Further, the grinding device includes: A pressing seat, on which a downward pressing cylinder body is arranged; when the component to be ground is located in the installation space, the piston rod of the downward pressing cylinder body is movably arranged on the side of the component to be ground away from the supporting plate, so as to press or release the component to be ground.

[0016] Further, there are at least two downward pressing cylinder bodies, and at least two downward pressing cylinder bodies are arranged at intervals; and / or, A roller is arranged on the downward pressing cylinder body, and the roller is rotatably arranged; the roller is used for abutting against the component to be ground.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The grinding device of the present invention is used for machining a component to be ground, and the component to be ground has a thrust surface at the end of the component to be ground and an outer circumferential surface arranged around the component to be ground. The grinding device includes: a supporting plate, on which a first guiding surface is arranged; a guide wheel, which is rotatably arranged; a second guiding surface is arranged on the guide wheel; there is an installation space for accommodating the component to be ground between the first guiding surface and the second guiding surface; a positioning assembly, which is used for positioning the component to be ground in the installation space; a grinding component, which is rotatably arranged to grind the thrust surface of the component to be ground. The grinding device of the present invention solves the technical problem of high processing cost of the thrust surface of the crankshaft. Description of the drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the grinding component of the grinding device adopted in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front view of the grinding component of the grinding device adopted in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first grinding surface of the grinding component of the grinding device adopted in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the grinding device adopted in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a bottom view of the grinding device adopted in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the top block of the grinding device adopted in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connecting surface of the grinding device adopted in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the supporting plate of the grinding device adopted in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 It is a front view of the supporting plate of the grinding device adopted in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10It is a schematic structural diagram of the top block of the grinding device adopted in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 It is a front view of the top block of the grinding device adopted in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the roller of the grinding device adopted in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference numerals: 10. Component to be ground; 101. Thrust surface; 102. Outer cylindrical surface; 2. Support plate; 1. First guiding surface; 21. Bracket; 211. Mounting part; 22. Support block; 3. Guide wheel; 31. Second guiding surface; 4. Positioning assembly; 41. Top block; 411. First connecting part; 412. Second connecting part; 413. Contact surface; 414. Groove; 42. Connecting seat; 43. Tightening cylinder body; 44. Tightening seat; 45. Pressing cylinder body; 46. Roller; 5. Grinding component; 51. Rotating shaft; 501. First grinding component; 502. Second grinding component; 5021. Second grinding surface; 52. Grinding part; 521. First grinding surface; 522. Connecting surface. Specific embodiments

[0020] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0021] See Figures 1 to 12 , according to the embodiment of the present invention, a grinding device is provided for machining a component 10 to be ground. The component 10 to be ground has a thrust surface 101 at the end of the component 10 to be ground and an outer cylindrical surface 102 surrounding the component 10 to be ground. The grinding device includes: a support plate 2 provided with a first guiding surface 1 thereon; a guide wheel 3 rotatably arranged; a second guiding surface 31 is provided on the guide wheel 3; an installation space for accommodating the component 10 to be ground is formed between the first guiding surface 1 and the second guiding surface 31; a positioning assembly 4 for positioning the component 10 to be ground in the installation space; a grinding component 5 rotatably arranged to grind the thrust surface 101 of the component 10 to be ground.

[0022] With the above settings, a mounting space for accommodating the component 10 to be ground is formed by the first guiding surface 1 on the platen 2 and the second guiding surface 31 on the guide wheel 3. When the guide wheel 3 rotates to drive the component 10 to be ground, the platen 2 cooperates with the guide wheel 3 to fix the component 10 to be ground. In this way, the fixation of different types of crankshafts during machining can be completed, the mold opening during the machining of the crankshaft in the prior art is reduced, the manufacturing of small batches of products of various varieties is realized, and the cost is reduced. The technical problem of high cost in machining the thrust surface of the crankshaft is solved.

[0023] With the above settings, the single grinding method of using a V-block for positioning to grind the thrust surface of the crankshaft is solved. By studying the grinding mechanism of the centerless grinding machine and researching and designing the grinding device, a centerless grinding device capable of grinding the thrust surface is designed, realizing that the centerless grinding machine can grind both the outer circle and the thrust surface. In practical applications, it can cope with the production mode of multiple varieties and small batches, can achieve rapid switching between different models, and can also realize multi-purpose use of one machine, reducing the cost of purchasing special equipment. When machining the outer circle and the thrust surface of the crankshaft, the cost of purchasing equipment can be saved, and the tooling switching can save 5.5 hours per time, greatly improving the production efficiency.

[0024] In the grinding device of this embodiment, refer to Figures 1 to 9 , the platen 2 includes: a bracket 21, an installation portion 211 is provided on the bracket 21, and an installation groove is provided on the installation portion 211; a support block 22, the support block 22 is arranged in the installation groove; the first guiding surface 1 is arranged on the support block 22.

[0025] With the above settings, by setting support blocks 22 with different structures, different outer circle surface structures of the crankshaft can be adapted, so as to adapt to the machining of different types of crankshafts.

[0026] Specifically, the platen 2 includes a fixing portion; the installation portion 211 protrudes from the fixing portion. In this way, the installation portion 211 protrudes, so as to avoid interference from redundant structures when the guide wheel 3 and the grinding component 5 rotate.

[0027] In the grinding device of this embodiment, there are multiple installation portions 211, and the multiple installation portions 211 are arranged at intervals; there are multiple support blocks 22, and the multiple support blocks 22 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple installation portions 211; and / or, the support block 22 is detachably arranged in the installation groove; and / or, the included angle between the first guiding surface 1 and the horizontal direction is 30°; the first guiding surface 1 is used to support the component 10 to be ground.

[0028] With the above settings, setting multiple installation portions 211 can adapt to different support blocks 22, so as to meet the machining requirements of different types of crankshafts.

[0029] The supporting block 22 is detachably arranged in the mounting groove, which can facilitate the replacement of the supporting block 22 according to different crankshafts, thereby improving the working efficiency.

[0030] In the grinding device of this embodiment, the grinding component 5 includes a rotating shaft 51 and a grinding part 52 connected to the rotating shaft 51; the rotating shaft 51 is rotatably arranged; a first grinding surface 521 for grinding the thrust surface 101 and a connecting surface 522 connected to the first grinding surface 521 are arranged on the grinding part 52; the connecting surface 522 is located on one side of the first grinding surface 521 close to the rotating shaft 51, and the value range of the included angle a between the connecting surface 522 and the thrust surface 101 is 8° to 10°.

[0031] With the above arrangement, a circular groove structure is formed between the connecting surface 522 and the component 10 to be ground, which is convenient for discharging debris during grinding.

[0032] Specifically, the thrust surface 101 is ground by a grinding wheel, which has a relatively low cost.

[0033] In the grinding device of this embodiment, the grinding component 5 includes a first grinding component 501 and a second grinding component 502; the first grinding component 501 and the second grinding component 502 are relatively detachably arranged, and the first grinding surface 521 is arranged on the first grinding component 501; a second grinding surface 5021 for grinding the outer cylindrical surface 102 is arranged on the second grinding component 502.

[0034] With the above arrangement, the grinding component 5 can simultaneously process the thrust surface 101 and the outer cylindrical surface 102 of the crankshaft. When it is necessary to process a certain part separately, the two can also be disassembled.

[0035] In the grinding device of this embodiment, the positioning component 4 includes a top block 41, and the top block 41 is used to abut against one end of the component 10 to be ground away from the thrust surface 101.

[0036] With the above arrangement, the axial direction of the crankshaft is limited by the top block 41, which is convenient for processing.

[0037] In the grinding device of this embodiment, the positioning component 4 includes a connecting seat 42, the connecting seat 42 is connected to the support plate 2, and the top block 41 is arranged on the connecting seat 42.

[0038] Specifically, the top block 41 and the connecting seat 42 are fixed on the support plate 2 to perform axial limit on the crankshaft, preventing axial movement caused by force during end face grinding, resulting in material dropping and machine collision.

[0039] See Figure 10 、Figure 11 In the grinding device of this embodiment, the top block 41 includes a first connecting portion 411 and a second connecting portion 412 that are connected to each other; the first connecting portion 411 is connected to the connecting seat 42; the second connecting portion 412 is used to abut against the component 10 to be ground; one end of the first connecting portion 411 away from the second connecting portion 412 has a contact surface 413 for abutting against the component 10 to be ground.

[0040] With the above arrangement, the top block 41 can better adapt to the structures of the ends of different crankshafts.

[0041] See Figure 10 In the grinding device of this embodiment, a groove 414 is provided in the second connecting portion 412, and the groove 414 is recessed from the contact surface 413; and / or at least part of the contact surface 413 is an arc surface.

[0042] With the above arrangement, a groove 414 is provided in the second connecting portion 412, thereby reducing the contact area between the top block 41 and the component 10 to be ground, increasing the pressure between the top block 41 and the crankshaft, and improving the stability during stable machining. Making at least part of the contact surface 413 an arc surface can prevent the component 10 to be ground from being damaged when it contacts the top block 41.

[0043] In the grinding device of this embodiment, the positioning assembly 4 further includes a pushing cylinder body 43, and the piston rod of the pushing cylinder body 43 is movably arranged to push the component 10 to be ground to abut against the top block 41.

[0044] See Figures 1 to 3 In the grinding device of this embodiment, the grinding device includes: a pushing seat 44, and a pressing cylinder body 45 is provided on the pushing seat 44; when the component 10 to be ground is located in the installation space, the piston rod of the pressing cylinder body 45 is movably arranged on the side of the component 10 to be ground away from the pallet 2 to squeeze or release the component 10 to be ground.

[0045] With the above arrangement, when machining, the pressing cylinder body 45 fixes the component 10 to be ground from above, thereby ensuring structural stability.

[0046] In the grinding device of this embodiment, there are at least two pressing cylinder bodies 45, and at least two pressing cylinder bodies 45 are arranged at intervals; and / or a roller 46 is provided on the pressing cylinder body 45, and the roller 46 is rotatably arranged; the roller 46 is used to abut against the component 10 to be ground.

[0047] Specifically, when the lower pressing cylinder block 45 presses down, the rolling bearing compresses the outer circle of the crankshaft. When the crankshaft rotates, the rolling bearing also rotates, making the force on the outer circle uniform, which can reduce the abnormal jumping during the rotation of the crankshaft. At the same time, it can prevent the problem of the crankshaft being lifted due to the axial force generated during end face grinding, thus preventing potential safety hazards.

[0048] The working principle of the grinding device in this embodiment is as follows: During centerless grinding, the crankshaft (i.e., the workpiece 10 to be ground in this embodiment) is positioned by the supporting plate 2 and the regulating wheel 3. Under the combined action of the grinding wheel (i.e., the grinding component 5 in this embodiment) and the regulating wheel 3, the crankshaft rotates, and the grinding wheel realizes plunge grinding of the outer circle. By adding an axial limiting structure at one end of the supporting plate 2 and using a gas spring device to compress the non-finished grinding section of the outer circle, the grinding wheel performs axial grinding to achieve finish machining of the thrust surface and meet the production accuracy requirements.

[0049] The regulating wheel 3 of the centerless grinding device adopts a non-moving processing method and only rotates at a speed of 10 rpm to 30 rpm to drive the crankshaft to rotate. At the same time, the grinding wheel rotates at a high speed of 1200 rpm to 1500 rpm, and the grinding wheel performs Z-axis and X-axis feeding to achieve plunge grinding of the thrust surface.

[0050] After the crankshaft is clamped by the loading gripper and placed between the inclined surface (the first guiding surface 1) of the supporting plate 2 and the arc surface (the second guiding surface 31) of the regulating wheel 3 to form a line support, the pushing cylinder block 43 extends the push rod to push out, pressing the other end of the crankshaft against the end face of the top block 41. Then the cylinder push rod mechanism retracts, and then the lower pressing cylinder block 45 moves over. The lower pressing cylinder block 45 extends to compress the outer circle of the crankshaft. At this time, the regulating wheel 3 rotates to drive the crankshaft to rotate. Finally, the grinding wheel realizes plunge grinding of the end face of the thrust surface of the crankshaft through the feeding movement of the X-Z axis, finally meeting the grinding process requirements. Then the grinding wheel retracts, the lower pressing cylinder block 45 retracts, and the unloading gripper clamps the crankshaft and places it into the unloading channel.

[0051] Specifically, the main body of the grinding wheel is made of single crystal corundum material, with low cost and meeting the grinding process requirements. The supporting plate 2 is made of 45 steel and cemented carbide YG10 to meet the positioning requirements. The top block 41 and the connecting seat 42 are made of 45 medium carbon steel and need to be vacuum heat-treated to a hardness of 55 - 60 HRC. The gas spring uses a hydraulic gas spring, and the material is seamless stainless steel pipe. The pushing cylinder block 43 uses an SMC cylinder CDM2B20 - 25Z, and the regulating wheel 3 is made of polyurethane synthetic material.

[0052] In some embodiments, the bearing top block support surface is replaced with YG8 alloy for substitution of scarce materials. Using YG8 for substitution is likely to cause cracks and breakage of the alloy. If cracks and breakage occur, the YG8 alloy needs to be replaced to ensure the fitting degree of axial positioning and the smooth rotation of the crankshaft.

[0053] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description, claims and the above-mentioned drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of this application described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0054] Optionally, the specific examples in this embodiment may refer to the examples described in the above embodiments, and will not be elaborated here.

[0055] The serial numbers of the above embodiments of this application are only for description and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0056] In the above embodiments of this application, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own focuses. For the parts not detailed in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0057] The above are only the preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of this application, several improvements and refinements can still be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A grinding device for machining a part to be ground (10), wherein the part to be ground (10) comprises a thrust surface (101) located at the end of the part to be ground (10) and an outer cylindrical surface (102) arranged around the part to be ground (10), characterized in that: The grinding device comprises: A support plate (2), wherein the support plate (2) is provided with a first guide surface (1); The guide wheel (3) is rotatably arranged; a second guide surface (31) is arranged on the guide wheel (3); and an installation space for accommodating a component to be ground (10) is provided between the first guide surface (1) and the second guide surface (31); A positioning component (4), the positioning component (4) being used to position the component to be ground (10) in the installation space; The grinding component (5) is rotatably arranged to grind the thrust surface (101) of the component to be ground (10).

2. The grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support plate (2) comprises: A bracket (21), wherein a mounting portion (211) is provided on the bracket (21), and a mounting groove is provided on the mounting portion (211); A support block (22), the support block (22) being arranged in the installation groove; the first guide surface (1) being arranged on the support block (22).

3. The grinding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are a plurality of mounting portions (211), and the plurality of mounting portions (211) are arranged at intervals; there are a plurality of support blocks (22), and the plurality of support blocks (22) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of mounting portions (211); and / or, The support block (22) is detachably arranged in the mounting groove; and / or, The angle between the first guide surface (1) and the horizontal direction is 30°; the first guide surface (1) is used to support the part to be ground (10).

4. The grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding component (5) comprises a rotating shaft (51) and a grinding portion (52) connected to the rotating shaft (51); the rotating shaft (51) is rotatably arranged; the grinding portion (52) is provided with a first grinding surface (521) for grinding the thrust surface (101) and a connecting surface (522) connected to the first grinding surface (521); the connecting surface (522) is located on a side of the first grinding surface (521) close to the rotating shaft (51), and the value range of the angle a between the connecting surface (522) and the thrust surface (101) is 8° to 10°.

5. The grinding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The grinding component (5) comprises a first grinding component (501) and a second grinding component (502); the first grinding component (501) and the second grinding component (502) are relatively detachably arranged, the first grinding surface (521) is arranged on the first grinding component (501); and the second grinding component (502) is provided with a second grinding surface (5021) for grinding the outer cylindrical surface (102).

6. The grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning assembly (4) comprises a top block (41), and the top block (41) is used to abut against an end of the component to be ground (10) away from the thrust surface (101).

7. The grinding device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The positioning assembly (4) comprises a connecting seat (42), the connecting seat (42) is connected to the supporting plate (2), and the top block (41) is arranged on the connecting seat (42).

8. The grinding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top block (41) comprises a first connecting portion (411) and a second connecting portion (412) which are connected to each other; the first connecting portion (411) is connected to the connecting seat (42); the second connecting portion (412) is used to abut against the component to be ground (10); and one end of the first connecting portion (411) away from the second connecting portion (412) has a contact surface (413) for abutting against the component to be ground (10).

9. The grinding device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A groove (414) is provided in the second connecting portion (412), and the groove (414) is recessed in the contact surface (413); and / or, At least a portion of the contact surface (413) is a curved surface.

10. The grinding device according to claim 8, characterized in that The positioning assembly (4) further comprises a pushing cylinder (43), the piston rod of which is movably arranged to push the part to be ground (10) into contact with the top block (41).

11. The grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding device comprises: A pushing seat (44) is provided with a pressing cylinder (45); when the part to be ground (10) is located in the installation space, the piston rod of the pressing cylinder (45) is movably arranged on a side of the part to be ground (10) away from the support plate (2) to squeeze or release the part to be ground (10).

12. The grinding device according to claim 11, characterized in that There are at least two pressing cylinders (45), and the at least two pressing cylinders (45) are arranged at intervals; and / or, The pressing cylinder (45) is provided with a roller (46), and the roller (46) is rotatably arranged; the roller (46) is used to abut against the part to be ground (10).

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