Intelligent low-voltage power-off device for electric motor coach

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of batteries, and particularly relates to an intelligent low-voltage power-off device for an electric motor coach, which comprises a power module, a coach body control module and a low-voltage power supply management module. According to the intelligent low-voltage power-off device, the vehicle body control module and the low-voltage power supply management module are arranged, a linear regression algorithm is used for carrying out matching judgment on battery energy consumption and electrical element use conditions, a relative error threshold value is set, energy consumption abnormal conditions are found in time, and an alarm is given out; the relays arranged among the electrical elements can independently control the on-off states of the elements, and can cut off the power supply of the specific element in a targeted manner when the low-voltage power failure occurs or the execution of the electrical elements is abnormal, thereby avoiding the energy waste and potential safety risks. Meanwhile, the relay can also isolate different element circuits, prevent normal work of other elements from being influenced by faults of one element, ensure that the fault element is accurately powered off, and do not influence other normal elements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of batteries, and particularly to an intelligent low-voltage power cut-off device for electric buses. Background Art

[0002] With the development of autonomous driving and intelligent networking technologies, the vehicle's electronic systems have become increasingly complex. To ensure the stable operation and safety of these complex electronic systems, more intelligent and precise low-voltage power cut-off management is required.

[0003] The current low-voltage power cut-off systems mainly make judgments based on preset thresholds and lack a dynamic adjustment mechanism. For example, under different driving conditions, the energy consumption of the vehicle changes, but the low-voltage power cut-off threshold remains unchanged. This may lead to overly frequent low-voltage power cut-offs in some cases, affecting the normal use of the vehicle; while in other cases, different electrical components have different usage degrees and different service lives. When used for a long time, if a single electrical component malfunctions, the low-voltage power cut-off is not timely enough, which may cause the failure to spread to the entire vehicle-mounted system, affecting the normal use of the vehicle.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes an intelligent low-voltage power cut-off device for electric buses. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the existing technical problems of battery low-voltage power cut-off, the present invention proposes an intelligent low-voltage power cut-off device for electric buses.

[0006] An intelligent low-voltage power cut-off device for electric buses proposed by the present invention includes a power module, a body control module, and a low-voltage power management module. The low-voltage power management module includes a battery management unit, an electrical component energy consumption collection unit, an energy consumption data processing unit, and an information feedback unit. The battery management unit obtains voltage information through a high-precision voltage sensor connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery, uses a shunt connected in the battery circuit to detect the magnitude of the current, installs a temperature sensor on the battery housing to sense temperature changes. After the low-voltage power cut-off program is started, the battery management unit will first check the current state of the battery and transmit the state information of the battery to the energy consumption data processing unit. The electrical component energy consumption collection unit realizes data collection by setting sensors on the power supply lines of each main electrical component, and sends the electrical component energy consumption data at the last moment collected to the energy consumption data processing unit. The energy consumption data processing unit receives data from the battery management unit and the electrical component energy consumption collection unit, integrates and analyzes these data, and judges whether the energy consumption of the vehicle is normal according to preset algorithms and rules. The information feedback unit is mainly responsible for feeding back the information generated by the energy consumption data processing unit to the vehicle user.

[0007] Preferably, the low-voltage power cut-off steps are as follows:

[0008] D1. When the power module is turned off, the body control module transmits a power-off signal to the low-voltage power management module, and the low-voltage power management module controls the shutdown of the low-voltage battery discharge through the power-off signal;

[0009] D2. After the power module is turned on, the low-voltage power management module monitors the low-voltage battery in real time, and at the same time compares the energy consumption of different electrical components per minute with the threshold of low-voltage power-off.

[0010] Preferably, the processing steps of the energy consumption data processing unit are as follows:

[0011] S1. Data acquisition: Obtain the real-time energy consumption information of each low-voltage electrical component from the electrical component energy consumption collection unit, including current I, voltage V, and P power parameters. At the same time, receive the status data of the low-voltage battery from the battery management unit, including battery power, charge and discharge current, and voltage;

[0012] S2. Data classification: Classify the collected energy consumption data according to different electrical components, different working states, or different time periods;

[0013] S3. Data matching: Match the charge and discharge state of the battery with the working conditions of each electrical component to determine whether the energy consumption of the battery is consistent with the usage of the electrical components;

[0014] S4. Energy consumption calculation: Statistically calculate the actual energy consumption values of all electrical components;

[0015] S5. Data comparison: Compare the P 能耗 data within one minute with the preset low-voltage power-off value, and store the P 能耗 data of each minute in the buffer area.

[0016] Preferably, the formula for obtaining real-time energy consumption information according to step S4 is as follows:

[0017] R(T)=R ref *(1 + α*(T - T ref )), where R(T) is the resistance value at the current temperature, R ref is the resistance value at the reference temperature, α is the temperature coefficient, T is the current temperature, and T ref is the reference temperature;

[0018] Use the new resistance value to calculate the power consumption, keep the current unchanged, and calculate the power consumption through the following formula: P = I 2 *R(T), P 能耗 =(P 电气元件 +P 车 )*60 / 3600.

[0019] Preferably, the information feedback unit includes a display screen and an alarm device. The display screen is used to display the status information of the low-voltage battery, the energy consumption information of each electrical component, and the overall energy consumption of the vehicle in real time. The alarm device emits an audible and visual alarm and a message prompt when abnormal energy consumption is detected, reminding the vehicle user to handle it in time.

[0020] Preferably, the energy consumption data processing unit further includes a data storage unit, which is used to store historical energy consumption data, battery status data, and abnormal event records for easy data analysis and traceability.

[0021] Preferably, the low-voltage power management module further includes a remote control interface to monitor and control the vehicle through remote signals, including remotely starting the power-off program, viewing real-time data, and historical records.

[0022] Preferably, the body control module further includes a face recognition system, and the interface of the face recognition system is signal-connected to the vehicle control module through the CAN bus.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. By setting the body control module and the low-voltage power management module, the linear regression algorithm matches and judges the battery energy consumption and the usage of electrical components, sets the relative error threshold by itself, discovers abnormal energy consumption in time and issues an alarm. Combining the relays set between each electrical component, the on-off state of the component can be independently controlled. When the low-voltage power is cut off or the electrical component executes abnormally, the power supply of a specific component can be cut off targeted to avoid energy waste and potential safety risks. At the same time, the relay can also isolate different component circuits, prevent a component failure from affecting the normal operation of other components, ensure that the faulty component is accurately cut off the power supply, and does not affect other normal components.

[0025] 2. By setting the face recognition system, the face recognition system further improves the security. Only authorized drivers can start the vehicle. When a strange face tries to start the vehicle, a low-voltage power-off signal will be sent to control the electrical component to cut off the power, preventing the vehicle from being stolen. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an intelligent low-voltage power-off device for an electric bus proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the low-voltage power management module of an intelligent low-voltage power-off device for an electric bus proposed by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a flowchart of the energy consumption data processing unit of an intelligent low-voltage power-off device for an electric bus proposed by the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1. Power module; 2. Body control module; 3. Low-voltage power management module. Specific implementation manner

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0031] Refer to Figures 1 - 3 , an intelligent low-voltage power cut-off device for an electric bus, including a power module 1, a body control module 2, and a low-voltage power management module 3. The low-voltage power management module 3 includes a battery management unit, an electrical component energy consumption collection unit, an energy consumption data processing unit, and an information feedback unit. The battery management unit obtains voltage information through a high-precision voltage sensor connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery, uses a shunt connected in series in the battery circuit to detect the current magnitude, installs a temperature sensor on the battery housing to sense temperature changes. After the low-voltage power cut-off program is started, the battery management unit will first check the current state of the battery and transmit the state information of the battery to the energy consumption data processing unit. The electrical component energy consumption collection unit realizes data collection by setting sensors on the power supply lines of each main electrical component, and sends the electrical component energy consumption data at the last moment collected to the energy consumption data processing unit. The energy consumption data processing unit receives the data from the battery management unit and the electrical component energy consumption collection unit, integrates and analyzes these data, and judges whether the energy consumption of the vehicle is normal according to preset algorithms and rules. The information feedback unit is mainly responsible for feeding back the information generated by the energy consumption data processing unit to the vehicle user.

[0032] In this embodiment, the low-voltage power cut-off steps are as follows:

[0033] D1. When the power module 1 is turned off, the body control module 2 transmits a power cut-off signal to the low-voltage power management module 3, and the low-voltage power management module 3 controls the discharge of the low-voltage battery to turn off through the power cut-off signal;

[0034] D2. After the power module 1 is turned on, the low-voltage power management module 3 monitors the low-voltage battery in real time, and at the same time compares the energy consumption of different electrical components per minute with the low-voltage power cut-off threshold.

[0035] Specifically, when the power module 1 is turned off, the body control module 2 quickly detects this state change and immediately transmits the power-off signal accurately to the low-voltage power management module 3. After receiving the power-off signal, the low-voltage power management module 3 starts the corresponding control program. First, it quickly evaluates the current state of the low-voltage battery, including battery power, voltage, and temperature parameters. After confirming the safety of the battery state, through a precise control circuit, it issues an instruction to control the low-voltage battery to stop discharging, realizing a safe and reliable discharge shutdown operation; when the power module 1 is turned on, the low-voltage power management module 3 immediately enters the real-time monitoring mode. It continuously obtains various data of the low-voltage battery from various sensors and monitoring devices, including but not limited to the real-time power of the battery, the magnitude of the charge and discharge current, and the voltage fluctuation. At the same time, the low-voltage power management module 3 will obtain the energy consumption data of different electrical components from the electrical component energy consumption collection unit at a preset time interval, usually every minute. Then, it quickly sorts and analyzes these energy consumption data and strictly compares them with the preset low-voltage power-off threshold. If it is found that the total energy consumption of different electrical components approaches or exceeds the low-voltage power-off threshold at a certain moment, the low-voltage power management module 3 will immediately trigger the warning mechanism, send an alarm to the vehicle user through the information feedback unit, remind the user to pay attention to the energy consumption situation of the vehicle, so that the user can take corresponding measures in time, and turn off some non-essential devices to reduce energy consumption and ensure the stable operation of the low-voltage system of the vehicle.

[0036] In this embodiment, the processing steps of the energy consumption data processing unit are as follows:

[0037] S1. Data acquisition: Obtain the real-time energy consumption information of each low-voltage electrical component from the electrical component energy consumption collection unit by installing high-precision current sensors and voltage sensors on the power supply line, including current I, voltage V, and power parameter P. At the same time, receive the state data of the low-voltage battery from the battery management unit, including battery power, charge and discharge current, and voltage;

[0038] S2. Data classification: Classify the collected energy consumption data according to different electrical components, different working states, or different time periods. For different electrical components, establish independent data storage areas respectively, classify their energy consumption data according to component types, and further subdivide the energy consumption data according to the working states of the electrical components. At the same time, classify the energy consumption data in the time dimension according to different time periods, such as every minute, every hour, every day, and every week, so as to better analyze the change trend of energy consumption;

[0039] S3. Data matching: Match the charge and discharge status of the battery with the operating conditions of each electrical component to determine whether the energy consumption of the battery conforms to the usage of the electrical components. Use an algorithm to judge whether the energy consumption of the battery conforms to the actual usage of the electrical components. Here, a linear regression algorithm is adopted to preprocess the data of the electrical components received, extract features related to energy consumption judgment from the preprocessed real-time data, including the power demand, usage time, working mode of the electrical components, as well as the charge and discharge status, voltage change, and temperature change of the battery. Input the current power demand and usage time of the electrical components into the linear regression model to obtain the predicted battery energy consumption, and then compare it with the actually measured battery energy consumption. An algorithm sets a relative error threshold n by itself. If the relative error between the predicted energy consumption and the actual energy consumption exceeds this threshold n, it is considered that there is an abnormal situation and an alarm is issued;

[0040] S4. Energy consumption calculation: Statistically calculate the actual energy consumption values of all electrical components. For each electrical component, calculate the total energy consumption within a certain period of time according to different working states and time periods, and then add up the energy consumption values of all electrical components to obtain the total energy consumption of the entire low-voltage system, providing a quantitative index for evaluating the energy utilization efficiency of the system;

[0041] S5. Data comparison: Compare the P 能耗 data within one minute with the preset low-voltage power-off value, and store the P 能耗 data in the buffer area every minute.

[0042] In this embodiment, the formula for obtaining real-time energy consumption information according to step S4 is as follows:

[0043] R(T) = R ref * (1 + α * (T - T ref )), where R(T) is the resistance value at the current temperature, R ref is the resistance value at the reference temperature, α is the temperature coefficient, T is the current temperature, and T ref is the reference temperature;

[0044] Use the new resistance value to calculate the power consumption. The current remains unchanged, and the power consumption is calculated by the following formula: P = I 2 * R(T), P 能耗 = (P 电气元件 + P 车 ) * 60 / 3600.

[0045] In this embodiment, the body control module 2 further includes a face recognition system, and the interface of the face recognition system is signal-connected to the vehicle control module 2 through the CAN bus;

[0046] Specifically, specific driver information is entered into the system. Only when the recognized face matches the authorized driver in the system can the vehicle start and run normally. If a strange face attempts to start the vehicle, the vehicle will send a low-voltage power-off signal to the low-voltage power management module 3 through the body control module 2, thereby controlling the power-off of each electrical component in the vehicle to improve the safety of the vehicle. At the same time, the face recognition system can further control whether the electrical components are powered off and whether to enable the backup power supply according to whether there are people in the vehicle, and turn off the low-voltage battery discharge.

[0047] Relays are provided between each electrical component. Through the switching action of the relay, the on-off state of each electrical component can be independently controlled, so that when low-voltage power-off is required, the power supply of specific components can be cut off targeted, avoiding unnecessary energy waste and potential safety risks; at the same time, it can isolate the circuits of different electrical components to prevent the failure of one component from affecting the normal operation of other components. During the low-voltage power-off process, this isolation function can ensure that the faulty component is accurately cut off from the power supply without interfering with other normal components.

[0048] As mentioned above, the above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent low-voltage power disconnection device for an electric bus, comprising a power module (1), a body control module (2) and a low-voltage power management module (3), characterized in that: The low-voltage power management module (3) comprises a battery management unit, an electrical component energy consumption collection unit, an energy consumption data processing unit and an information feedback unit. The battery management unit obtains voltage information by connecting a high-precision voltage sensor to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, detects the current size by using a shunt connected in series in the battery circuit, and senses temperature changes by installing a temperature sensor on the battery housing. After the low-voltage power-off program is started, the battery management unit first checks the current state of the battery and transmits the battery state information to the energy consumption data processing unit. The electrical component energy consumption collection unit realizes data collection by setting a sensor on the power supply line of each main electrical component, and sends the collected electrical component energy consumption data at the last moment to the energy consumption data processing unit. The energy consumption data processing unit receives data from the battery management unit and the electrical component energy consumption collection unit, integrates and analyzes the data, and determines whether the energy consumption of the vehicle is normal according to preset algorithms and rules. The information feedback unit is mainly responsible for feeding back the information generated by the energy consumption data processing unit to the vehicle user.

2. The intelligent low-voltage power disconnecting device for electric buses according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The low voltage power-off steps are as follows: D1, when the power module (1) is turned off, the body control module (2) transmits a power-off signal to the low-voltage power management module (3), and the low-voltage power management module (3) controls the low-voltage battery to discharge and shut down through the power-off signal; D2. After the power module (1) is turned on, the low-voltage power management module (3) monitors the low-voltage battery in real time and compares the energy consumption of different electrical components per minute with the low-voltage power-off threshold.

3. The intelligent low-voltage power disconnecting device for electric buses according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The processing steps of the energy consumption data processing unit are as follows: S1, data acquisition, obtaining real-time energy consumption information of each low-voltage electrical component from the electrical component energy consumption collection unit, including current I, voltage V and P power parameters, and at the same time, receiving low-voltage battery status data from the battery management unit, including battery power, charge and discharge current and voltage; S2. Data classification: classify the collected energy consumption data according to different electrical components, different working states or different time periods; S3, data matching, matching the battery's charge and discharge status with the working conditions of each electrical component to determine whether the battery's energy consumption is consistent with the use of the electrical component; S4, energy consumption calculation, statistics of actual energy consumption values ​​of all electrical components; S5, data comparison, P within one minute 能耗 The data is compared with the preset low voltage power-off value, and the P per minute is 能耗 The data is stored in the buffer.

4. The intelligent low-voltage power disconnecting device for electric buses according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The formula for obtaining real-time energy consumption information in step S4 is as follows: R(T)=R ref *(1+α*(TT ref )), R(T) is the resistance value at the current temperature, R ref is the resistance value at the reference temperature, α is the temperature coefficient, T is the current temperature, T ref is the reference temperature; Using the new resistor value to calculate the power dissipation, the current remains unchanged and the power dissipation is calculated by the following formula: P = I 2 *R(T),P 能耗 =(P 电气元件 +P 车 )*60 / 3600.

5. The intelligent low-voltage power disconnecting device for electric buses according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The information feedback unit includes a display screen and an alarm device. The display screen is used to display the status information of the low-voltage battery, the energy consumption information of each electrical component and the overall energy consumption of the vehicle in real time; the alarm device emits an audible and visual alarm and a message prompt when abnormal energy consumption is detected, reminding the vehicle user to deal with it in time.

6. The intelligent low-voltage power disconnecting device for electric buses according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The energy consumption data processing unit also includes a data storage unit, which is used to store historical energy consumption data, battery status data and abnormal event records to facilitate data analysis and tracing.

7. The intelligent low-voltage power disconnecting device for electric buses according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The low-voltage power management module (3) also includes a remote control interface for monitoring and controlling the vehicle through remote signals, including remotely starting a power-off program and viewing real-time data and historical records.

8. The intelligent low-voltage power disconnecting device for electric buses according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The vehicle body control module (2) also includes a face recognition system, and the interface of the face recognition system is connected to the vehicle control module (2) via a CAN bus signal.

9. The intelligent low-voltage power disconnecting device for electric buses according to claim 8 is characterized in that: Relays are provided between various electrical components.

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