Heavy weight structure for mooring and positioning in ocean engineering construction and mounting method

Abstract

The invention relates to a heavy weight structure for mooring and positioning in ocean engineering construction and an installation method, and relates to the technical field of electrochemical protection, the heavy weight structure comprises a plurality of heavy weights and connecting structures, and the plurality of heavy weights are detachably connected into a net shape through the connecting structures; the heavy weight comprises a concrete block, a steel reinforcement framework and a lifting ring; a groove is formed in the bottom of the concrete block, and the top of the side wall of the groove inclines or bends towards the center of the top surface of the groove; the steel reinforcement framework is located in the concrete block; the hanging ring is fixed to the top of the concrete block. The gravity center and water flow resistance of the weight structure are reduced, so that the landing posture and position of the weight structure are not prone to being affected by the seawater flowing effect, and the final landing posture and position of the weight structure are assisted to meet the design requirement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical protection, and particularly to a weight structure for mooring positioning in offshore engineering construction and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of offshore engineering, it is usually required that offshore engineering equipment has a sufficiently long service life. However, due to the corrosive effect of seawater, it is difficult for offshore structures to meet the above requirements. For this reason, a common method is the cathodic protection method. In the cathodic protection method, a tensioned impressed current cathodic protection system requires a bottom anchoring foundation to cooperate during installation, and a gravity foundation is often used to achieve its anchoring effect. The existing gravity foundations generally adopt an integral structure, which has the problems of inconvenient processing, transportation, and installation.

[0003] Chinese Patent CN207328757U provides a gravity foundation for an offshore tensile anode system, including an upper gravity block and a lower gravity block; the lower gravity block includes a conical bin placed at the lower end, a first heavy object bin placed above the conical bin, and a skirt plate fixed to the edge of the first heavy object bin. The skirt plate encloses a skirt plate cavity with one end open and the conical bin placed inside. The conical bin is filled with filler, the first heavy object bin is internally provided with a first counterweight block, and a main lifting ear is welded at the center of the lower gravity block; the upper gravity block has a second heavy object bin, the second heavy object bin is internally provided with a second counterweight block, the center of the upper gravity block has a main center hole for the main lifting ear to pass through, the upper surface of the upper gravity block has an auxiliary lifting ear, and sacrificial anodes are installed on the outer wall of the gravity block. This gravity foundation adopts a split structure, which is convenient for processing and transportation and can be assembled on site.

[0004] The above gravity foundation is vulnerable to the action of seawater flow, resulting in a large difference between the attitude and the position and the original design requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the problem that the gravity foundation in the related technology is vulnerable to the action of seawater flow, resulting in a large difference between the attitude and the position and the original design requirements, the present invention provides a weight structure for mooring positioning in offshore engineering construction and an installation method thereof. A plurality of weights are detachably connected into a net to form a weight structure, reducing its center of gravity and water flow resistance, so that the landing attitude and position of the weight structure are not easily affected by the action of seawater flow, and helping the final landing attitude and position of the weight structure to meet the design requirements.

[0006] The present invention provides a weight structure for mooring positioning in ocean engineering construction, which includes weights and a connection structure. Multiple weights are detachably connected into a net through the connection structure; the weight includes a concrete block, a steel bar framework, and a lifting ring; the concrete block has a groove at the bottom, and the top of the side wall of the groove inclines or bends towards the center of the top surface of the groove; the steel bar framework is located inside the concrete block; the lifting ring is fixed on the top of the concrete block.

[0007] In some embodiments, the weight further includes a sacrificial anode, and the sacrificial anode includes: an anode block containing more than 90% of active metal, and the active metal is at least one of zinc and aluminum; a mortar layer wrapped outside the anode block, having water absorption and electrical conductivity, with pores evenly distributed inside, and the total pore volume is 1-5 times the volume of the anode block; a steel wire passing through the anode block and connected to the steel bar framework.

[0008] In some embodiments, the concrete block includes: a main body which is any one of a cylinder, a frustum of a pyramid, and a frustum of a cone.

[0009] In some embodiments, the concrete block further includes: connection lugs, a plurality of which are arranged on the side surface of the main body for installing the connection structure.

[0010] In some embodiments, the connection structure is a bolt and a nut, and a mating structure is arranged at one end of the connection lug away from the main body; the mating structures of two adjacent connection lugs are in a matching shape, the bolt passes through the two connection lugs and is connected to the nut, and when the bolt passes through the two connection lugs, it also passes through the two mating structures.

[0011] In some embodiments, the weight further includes: a protective coating covering the concrete block.

[0012] The present invention also provides an installation method for the weight structure for mooring positioning in ocean engineering construction, which is used to install the above-mentioned weight structure, and the installation steps are as follows: all weights are split into multiple batches, the weights in the same batch are connected into a small net, the weights in different batches are respectively connected to different buoyancy devices, and the weights in different batches are respectively transported and dropped into the target sea area; under the action of the buoyancy device, the weights float in the target sea area; connect the object to be positioned with the lifting ring of the weight floating in the sea, then adjust the position of the weight so that the weight is located above the designated position, and detach the buoyancy device from the weight; when all weights are located at the designated positions on the seabed, use the connection structure to connect all batches of weights into a large net.

[0013] In some embodiments, the buoyancy device includes: an airbag detachably connected to the weight; a high-pressure air pipe connected to the airbag for inflating and deflating the airbag.

[0014] In some embodiments, the buoyancy device further includes a buoy, the airbag is connected to the buoy through a cable, when the weight floats in the target sea area, the buoy floats on the water surface, and the airbag is located below the buoy.

[0015] In some of these embodiments, a positioning device is provided on the buoyancy device.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. All the weights in the weight structure are detachably connected, which is convenient for processing and transportation. After all the weights are placed at the designated position on the seabed in batches with the help of the buoyancy device, they can be assembled into a whole on the seabed.

[0018] 2. The weight structure is in a net structure with a relatively low center of gravity and a small resistance to water flow. The final landing attitude and position are not easily affected by the action of seawater flow, which helps to make the final landing attitude and position of the weight structure meet the design requirements.

[0019] 3. A groove is provided at the bottom of the weight. If the bottom of the weight sinks into the seabed silt, the silt will fill the groove. When the weight is impacted by the seawater flow, due to the adhesiveness of the silt, it is difficult for the silt to quickly break away from the weight, resulting in a quasi-vacuum area being formed between the groove wall and the silt surface, which helps to improve the grip of the entire weight structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and form a part of this application. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the weight structure of the present invention with the rigid connection structure omitted;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the weight structure of the present invention using a flexible connection structure;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the weight of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a cross-sectional view of the weight with the steel bar framework and sacrificial anode omitted;

[0025] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the sacrificial anode of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the usage state of the weight structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the buoy and the suspension buckle of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Counterweight; 11. Concrete block; 111. Main body; 1111. Groove; 112. Connecting ear; 1121. Fitting structure; 1122. Through hole; 12. Suspension ring; 13. Sacrificial anode; 131. Steel wire; 132. Anode block; 133. Mortar layer; 2. Anode cable; 3. Object to be protected; 4. Airbag; 5. High-pressure air pipe; 6. Buoy; 61. Suspension buckle; 7. Cable; 8. Cable rope; 9. Flexible structure. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "transverse", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

[0031] The terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0033] As shown in the atta Figures 1-5As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a weight structure for mooring positioning in ocean engineering construction. In an embodiment thereof, it at least includes a weight 1 and a connecting structure. A plurality of weights 1 are detachably connected into a net shape through the connecting structure; the weight 1 includes a concrete block 11, a steel bar framework, and a lifting ring 12; the concrete block 11 has a groove 1111 at the bottom, and the top of the side wall of the groove 1111 inclines or bends towards the center of the top surface of the groove 1111; the steel bar framework is located inside the concrete block 11 and is used to improve the structural strength of the concrete block 11; the lifting ring 12 is fixed on the top of the concrete block 11. The steel bar framework is welded by steel bars and is not shown in the figure.

[0034] In the above weight structure, all the weights 1 are detachably connected, which is convenient for processing and transportation. All the weights 1 can be loaded onto a transport ship in batches; after each batch of weights 1 is transported to the target sea area where the weight structure is to be placed, they float in the target sea area through a buoyancy device; when all the weights 1 float in the target sea area, the connecting structure is used to assemble all the weights 1 into a net structure. After the assembly is completed, the object to be positioned is connected to at least one of the lifting rings 12 in the weight structure; finally, the buoyancy device is detached from all the weights 1, and the weight structure sinks to the seabed, and then the weight structure can be arranged on the seabed.

[0035] The above weight structure is in a net shape, with less resistance to water flow. The final landing posture and position are not easily affected by the action of seawater flow, which helps to make the final landing posture and position of the weight structure meet the design requirements. Moreover, since the center of gravity of the above weight structure is relatively low, it is not easily affected by the action of seawater flow and cause changes in the posture and position. In addition, a groove 1111 is provided at the bottom of the weight 1. If the bottom of the weight 1 sinks into the seabed silt, the silt will fill the groove 1111. When the seawater flow impacts the weight 1, due to the adhesion of the silt, it is difficult for the silt to quickly detach from the weight 1, resulting in a quasi-vacuum area being formed between the groove wall of the groove 1111 and the silt surface, which helps to improve the grip of the entire weight structure and reduce the possibility of changes in the posture and position of the weight structure during operation due to the impact of seawater flow.

[0036] In some embodiments, two lifting rings 12 are provided at the top of each weight 1. One of the lifting rings 12 is used to connect the object to be positioned, and the other lifting ring 12 is used to connect the buoyancy device.

[0037] In some embodiments, all the weights 1 in the weight structure are arranged in a matrix, with a simple structure and easy to arrange and assemble.

[0038] In some embodiments, the concrete block 11 includes: a main body 111, which can be any one of a cylinder, a frustum of a pyramid, and a frustum of a cone. When the main body 111 is a frustum of a pyramid or a frustum of a cone, if the bottom of the weight 1 sinks into the seabed silt, part of the silt will press on the bottom edge of the main body 111, which helps to further improve the grip of the entire weight structure.

[0039] Specifically, the concrete block 11 further includes: connecting ears 112, a plurality of which are arranged on the side surface of the main body 111 for installing a connecting structure. The connecting ears 112 and the main body 111 can be independent individuals, and the two are fixedly connected by an adhesive or a connecting piece. Alternatively, the connecting ears 112 and the main body 111 are integrally formed. The thickness or width of the connecting ears 112 can be smaller than that of the main body 111, so that the connecting structure can pass through the connecting ears 112 and be connected to the connecting ears 112.

[0040] In some embodiments, the weight 1 further includes: a protective coating, which covers the concrete block 11 to slow down the erosion of the seawater on the concrete block 11. The protective coating is not shown in the figure.

[0041] In some embodiments, the weight 1 further includes a sacrificial anode 13. The sacrificial anode 13 includes: an anode block 132, which contains more than 90% of active metal, and the active metal is at least one of zinc and aluminum. A mortar layer 133, which is wrapped outside the anode block 132, has water absorption and conductivity, and pores are uniformly distributed inside. The total pore volume is 1-5 times the volume of the anode block 132 to accommodate the corrosion products of the anode block 132, weaken the expansion stress generated by the corrosion products on the concrete block 11, and prevent the concrete block 11 from cracking due to the gradual increase in the volume of the internal corrosion products. A steel wire 131, which passes through the anode block 132 and is connected to the steel bar framework, makes the anode block 132 serve as the anode of the steel bar framework, thereby slowing down the corrosion rate of the steel bar framework.

[0042] Specifically, the steel wire 131 is connected to the steel bar framework by welding, and the connection with the steel bar framework is completed, and the operation is simple. Before welding, the steel wire 131 can be first wound around the steel bars of the steel bar framework for pre-positioning.

[0043] Specifically, the slurry of the mortar layer 133 includes concrete, bentonite, active salt, sand, and water.

[0044] Specifically, a pore-forming agent is further added to the slurry of the mortar layer 133 to increase the porosity of the slurry. The types of the pore-forming agent include, but are not limited to, sodium silicate, calcium oxide-based expansion agents, and aluminum powder. The sodium silicate microspheres will react with water during the hydration process to form tiny pores. The pore-forming principles of the calcium oxide-based expansion agents and aluminum powder are the same, and both form tiny pores by chemical reactions to generate gas or volume expansion.

[0045] In some of these embodiments, the connection structure between the weights 1 is a rigid structure or a flexible structure 9. The rigid structure includes, but is not limited to, threaded connectors and snap connectors. The flexible structure 9 includes, but is not limited to, a cable 7, and a chain with threaded connectors or snap connectors at both ends. The flexible connection structure is suitable for use in rough seabed terrains to better conform to the seabed topography. The rigid connection structure is suitable for use in flat seabed terrains. The rigid connection structure is more conducive to the mutual assistance between two adjacent weights 1, which is beneficial to improving the overall network structure stability of the weight structure.

[0046] In some of these embodiments, the connection structure is a bolt and a nut. A mating structure 1121 is provided at one end of the connecting ear 112 away from the main body 111; the mating structures 1121 of two adjacent connecting ears 112 are of matching shapes, that is, the two mating structures 1121 are inserted into each other or in surface contact. A through hole 1122 for accommodating the bolt is provided on the connecting ear 112, and the through hole 1122 penetrates the mating structure 1121. After the bolt passes through the through holes 1122 of the two connecting ears 112, it is connected to the nut, and the bolt passes through the two mating structures 1121. The mutual cooperation of the two mating structures 1121 helps to improve the connection strength between the two connecting ears 112. The bolt and the nut are not shown in the figure.

[0047] In some of these embodiments, the mating structure 1121 is the end face of the connecting ear 112 away from the main body 111, and the bottom or top of this end face is inclined towards the main body 111.

[0048] In some of these embodiments, the distance between the center of gravity and the geometric center of a single weight 1 in the horizontal direction is less than a set threshold value, so that the weight load of the weight 1 can be more evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the weight 1, further avoiding the possibility that the attitude and position of the weight 1 are affected by the action of seawater flow. This means that in the concrete block 11 with the connecting ear 112, the mass of the connecting ear 112 should be much smaller than the mass of the main body 111; for the weight 1 with the sacrificial anode 13, the load distribution of the sacrificial anode 13 on the bottom surface of the weight 1 should be uniform.

[0049] In some of these embodiments, in the weight structure, the weight of a single weight 1 is related to the distance of this weight 1 from the geometric center of the weight structure. The greater the distance of a single weight 1 from the geometric center of the weight structure, the greater the weight of this weight 1, so that in the weight structure, the weight of the outer weights 1 is greater than the weight of the inner weights 1, in order to improve the edge stability of the weight structure on the seabed, and further improve the anchoring ability of the entire weight structure.

[0050] For example, Figure 1The weight structure can be divided into three layers. There are four weights 1 in the innermost layer, twelve weights 1 in the middle layer, and twenty weights 1 in the outermost layer. All the weights 1 belonging to the same layer tend to have the same weight. The weight of a single weight 1 in the innermost layer is the smallest, and the weight of a single weight 1 in the outermost layer is the largest. The weight of a single weight 1 in the middle layer is greater than or equal to the weight of a single weight 1 in the innermost layer and less than the weight of a single weight 1 in the outermost layer.

[0051] Specifically, the weight ratio of a single weight 1 in the outer layer to a single weight 1 in the inner layer can be set based on at least one of the seawater flow rate in the sea area where it is located, the wave intensity in the sea area where it is located, and the rigidity and flexibility type of the connection structure between the weights 1. For example, the greater the seawater flow rate in the sea area where it is located, the greater the weight ratio of a single weight 1 in the outer layer to a single weight 1 in the inner layer; the greater the wave intensity in the sea area where it is located, the greater the weight ratio of a single weight 1 in the outer layer to a single weight 1 in the inner layer; the greater the structural stability of the connection structure, the smaller the weight ratio of a single weight 1 in the outer layer to a single weight 1 in the inner layer. For example, the weight ratio of a single weight 1 in the outer layer to a single weight 1 in the inner layer when the connection structure is a rigid structure is less than the weight ratio of a single weight 1 in the outer layer to a single weight 1 in the inner layer when the connection structure is a flexible structure 9.

[0052] As Figures 1-7 shown, the above-mentioned weight structure can be installed using an installation method for a weight structure for mooring and positioning in ocean engineering construction proposed by the present invention. The installation steps of this installation method at least include: all the weights 1 are split into multiple batches, the weights 1 in the same batch are connected into a small net, the weights 1 in different batches are respectively connected to different buoyancy devices, and the weights 1 in different batches are respectively transported and dropped into the target sea area; under the action of the buoyancy device, the weights 1 float in the target sea area; the object to be positioned is connected to the lifting ring 12 of the weights 1 floating in the sea, and then the position of the weights 1 is adjusted so that the weights 1 are located above the designated position, and the buoyancy device is detached from the weights 1; when all the weights 1 are located at the designated positions on the seabed, all batches of weights 1 are connected into a large net using the connection structure.

[0053] In a tensioned impressed current cathodic protection system, the object to be positioned is the anode cable 2 for supplying current to the object to be protected 3.

[0054] In some of the embodiments, the buoyancy device includes: an airbag 4, detachably connected to the weight 1; a high-pressure air pipe 5, connected to the airbag 4 for inflating and deflating the airbag 4. An external air source fills the airbag 4 with gas through the high-pressure air pipe 5 to provide buoyancy for the weight 1 in the target sea area; when the gas in the airbag 4 is slowly released through the high-pressure air pipe 5, the above-mentioned weight structure can slowly sink to the seabed.

[0055] Specifically, the airbag 4 is connected to the lifting ring 12 through a cable 7 to ensure that the groove 1111 of the weight 1 is downward.

[0056] In some of these embodiments, the buoyancy device further includes a buoy 6. The airbag 4 is connected to the buoy 6 through a cable 7. When the weight 1 floats in the target sea area, the buoy 6 floats on the water surface, and the airbag 4 is located below the buoy 6. Based on the position of the buoy 6, the position of the underwater weight structure can be inferred and adjusted to enable the weight structure to accurately reach the position required by the design.

[0057] In some of these embodiments, a positioning device is provided on the buoyancy device to more accurately and real-time obtain the position change of the underwater weight structure.

[0058] Specifically, the positioning device uses an ultra-short baseline communication positioning system, which has the best communication and ultra-short baseline positioning capabilities. For example, the UBD-1000 product of Seabed Eagle Company.

[0059] In some of these embodiments, the positioning device is completely located inside the buoy 6. For example, the buoy 6 is a hollow sphere, and the positioning device is arranged inside the buoy 6. As Figure 7 shown, the buoy 6 is a hollow sphere that can be detachably connected in the upper and lower parts. The positioning device is arranged inside the buoy 6, and the positioning device is not shown in the figure.

[0060] Specifically, a lifting buckle 61 is rotatably connected to the top of the buoy 6. The rotation axis of the lifting buckle 61 is vertical to facilitate connection with the lifting device for adjusting the position of the weight structure and recovering the buoyancy device.

[0061] Specifically, a lifting buckle 61 is also rotatably connected to the bottom of the buoy 6. The rotation axis of the lifting buckle 61 is vertical to facilitate connection with the cable 7 on the airbag 4.

[0062] In some of these embodiments,

[0063] Next, in conjunction with the attached Figures 1-7 A structural and usage step description of an embodiment of a weight structure and installation method for mooring positioning in ocean engineering construction according to the present invention is given:

[0064] In the weight structure of this embodiment, the mass ratio of the slurry components of the mortar layer 133 is concrete: bentonite: active salt: sand: water = 1: 0.1 - 0.5: 0.02 - 0.04: 2.9 - 4.2: 0.6 - 1. Among them, the active salt is a mixture of lithium metal oxide, polyaniline and polypyrrole. In this embodiment, the mass ratio of the active salt components is lithium metal oxide: polyaniline: polypyrrole = 1: 0.1 - 0.9: 0.3 - 1.

[0065] In this embodiment, the anode block 132 contains 99.995% zinc.

[0066] In this embodiment, sodium-based bentonite is selected as the bentonite, which helps to adsorb chloride ions, delay the consumption rate of the anode, and extend the protection duration of the sacrificial anode 13 for the steel bar skeleton.

[0067] In this embodiment, the thickness of the mortar layer 133 is 20 mm - 50 mm.

[0068] The anode block 132 coated with the mortar layer 133 and the anode block 132 without the mortar layer 133 in this embodiment are used to conduct the cathodic protection experiment under the seawater scenario.

[0069] The experimental results show that: for the anode block 132 without the mortar layer 133, the corrosion rate is 0.02 - 0.05 mm / year, and the protection life is 15 - 25 years. For the anode block 132 coated with the mortar layer 133, the corrosion rate is less than 0.01 mm / year, and the protection life is 25 - 40 years. The life of the anode block 132 coated with the mortar layer 133 is extended by 20% - 40% compared with the protection life of the anode block 132 without the mortar layer 133.

[0070] In this embodiment, the sacrificial anode 13 is a prefabricated part, and both ends of its steel wire 131 are welded to the steel bar framework.

[0071] The manufacturing steps of the weight 1 in this embodiment are as follows: First, prepare the mold for processing the concrete block 11, place the steel bar framework welded with the sacrificial anode 13 into the mold, then pour concrete into the mold, insert the bottom end of the lifting ring 12 into the concrete before the concrete solidifies, wait for the concrete to solidify, take it out of the mold, and apply a protective coating on the surface of the concrete. After the protective coating dries, the weight 1 can be obtained.

[0072] In this embodiment, each weight 1 has two lifting rings 12.

[0073] In this embodiment, the protective coating is a silane impregnated coating, and the penetration depth is 3 - 10 mm.

[0074] In this embodiment, the concrete block 11 is made of ordinary concrete with a density between 2400 kg / m3 and 2500 kg / m3.

[0075] In this embodiment, the weight of a single weight 1 is about 1.1 tons.

[0076] This embodiment also provides an installation method for the weight structure used for mooring and positioning in ocean engineering construction, which is used to install the above-mentioned weight structure. The specific installation method is as follows:

[0077] S1, Obtain the hydrological and weather forecast data from the local area and confirm that the target sea area currently meets the operation conditions.

[0078] S2, Confirm the seabed topography of the designed installation area of the weight structure, and determine whether the connection structure is a rigid structure or a flexible structure 9 based on the seabed topography.

[0079] S3. The workboat arrives at the target sea area for anchoring and positioning. When anchoring, the water flow direction should be judged to avoid the anchor hitting the protected object of the impressed current cathodic protection system with tension.

[0080] S4. Divide all the weights 1 into multiple batches, and use a transport ship to transport different batches of weights 1 to the workboat.

[0081] S5. Whenever a batch of weights 1 arrives on the workboat, distribute them in a matrix and use a connecting structure to connect them into a matrix-shaped small net. Connect the matrix-shaped small net to at least one airbag 4 using a cable 7. Each airbag 4 is connected to a high-pressure air pipe 5. All the airbags 4 connected to the same matrix-shaped small net are connected to a buoy 6. All the high-pressure air pipes 5 corresponding to the same matrix-shaped small net are positioned on the buoy 6. Use the hoisting device on the workboat to lower the matrix-shaped small net with the airbags 4 into the sea. At this time, the airbags 4 are completely floating on the water surface, and the weights 1 are floating in the sea.

[0082] S6. Connect the anode cable 2 in the impressed current cathodic protection system with tension to the lifting ring 12 in the matrix-shaped small net. Tow the matrix-shaped small net to above the designated position through a cable 8. Release some of the gas in the airbag 4 through the high-pressure air pipe 5 so that the airbag 4 is located below the buoy 6. At this time, the weights 1 do not touch the seabed. Then, based on the detection signal of the positioning device in the buoy 6, fine-tune the position of the matrix-shaped small net so that the matrix-shaped small net is located above the designated position.

[0083] S7. Disconnect the airbag 4 and the buoy 6 from the matrix-shaped small net, and let the matrix-shaped small net sink to the designated position.

[0084] S8. Repeat S5 - S7 to sink all the matrix-shaped small nets to the designated positions on the seabed, and use a connecting structure to connect all the matrix-shaped small nets into a large net.

[0085] Through the description of multiple embodiments of a weight structure and installation method for mooring positioning in ocean engineering construction of the present invention, it can be seen that the embodiments of a weight structure and installation method for mooring positioning in ocean engineering construction of the present invention have at least one or more of the following advantages:

[0086] 1. All the weights 1 in the above weight structure are detachably connected, which is convenient for processing and transportation. After all the weights 1 are placed at the designated positions on the seabed in batches with the help of buoyancy devices, they can be assembled into one body on the seabed.

[0087] 2. The above weight structure is in a mesh structure, with a lower center of gravity and less resistance to water flow. The final landing attitude and position are not easily affected by the action of seawater flow, which helps to make the final landing attitude and position of the weight structure meet the design requirements.

[0088] 3. A groove 1111 is provided at the bottom of the weight 1. If the bottom of the weight 1 sinks into the seabed sludge, the sludge will fill the groove 1111. When the seawater flow impacts the weight 1, due to the adhesiveness of the sludge, it is difficult for the sludge to quickly detach from the weight 1, resulting in a quasi-vacuum area being formed between the groove wall of the groove 1111 and the sludge surface, which helps to improve the grip of the entire weight structure.

[0089] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. For the same and similar parts between the various embodiments, reference can be made to each other.

[0090] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it is still possible to modify the specific implementation manners of the present invention or perform equivalent replacements for some technical features; without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, they should all be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A weight structure for mooring and positioning in marine engineering construction, characterized in that: It includes a weight and a connection structure, and multiple weights are detachably connected into a network through the connection structure; the weight includes a concrete block, a steel frame and a lifting ring; the concrete block has a groove at the bottom, and the top of the groove side wall is inclined or bent toward the center of the groove top surface; the steel frame is located in the concrete block; the lifting ring is fixed to the top of the concrete block.

2. A weight structure for mooring and positioning in marine engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight also includes a sacrificial anode, which includes: an anode block, which contains more than 90% of active metal, and the active metal is at least one of zinc and aluminum; a mortar layer, which is wrapped around the outside of the anode block, has water absorption and conductivity, and has evenly distributed pores inside, and the total pore volume is 1-5 times the volume of the anode block; a steel wire, which passes through the anode block and is connected to the steel skeleton.

3. A weight structure for mooring and positioning in marine engineering construction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Concrete blocks include: The main body is any one of a cylinder, a truncated pyramid, and a truncated cone.

4. A weight structure for mooring and positioning in marine engineering construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The concrete block also includes: a plurality of connection ears, which are arranged on the side of the main body and are used for installing the connection structure.

5. A weight structure for mooring and positioning in marine engineering construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting structure is a bolt and a nut, and a matching structure is set at one end of the connecting ear away from the main body; the matching structures of two adjacent connecting ears match in shape, the bolt passes through the two connecting ears and is connected to the nut, and the bolt passes through the two connecting ears and the two matching structures at the same time.

6. A weight structure for mooring and positioning in marine engineering construction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The weight also includes: a protective coating covering the concrete block.

7. A method for installing a heavy weight structure for mooring positioning in marine engineering construction, characterized in that: The installation steps of the weight structure described in any one of claims 1 to 6 are as follows: all weights are divided into multiple batches, weights of the same batch are connected into a small net, weights of different batches are respectively connected to different buoyancy devices, and weights of different batches are respectively transported and dropped into the target sea area; under the action of the buoyancy device, the weights float in the target sea area; Connect the object to be located to the lifting ring of a weight floating in the sea, then adjust the position of the weight so that it is above the designated position, and remove the buoyancy device from the weight; when all weights are located at the designated position on the seabed, use a connecting structure to connect all batches of weights into a large net.

8. The method for installing a weight structure for mooring and positioning in marine engineering construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The buoyancy device comprises: an air bag which is detachably connected to a weight; and a high-pressure air pipe which is connected to the air bag and is used for inflating and deflating the air bag.

9. The method for installing a weight structure for mooring and positioning in marine engineering construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The buoyancy device also includes a buoy, and the air bag is connected to the buoy through a cable. When the weight floats in the target sea area, the buoy floats on the water surface and the air bag is located under the buoy.

10. The method for installing a weight structure for mooring and positioning in marine engineering construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: A positioning device is provided on the buoyancy device.

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