A wall structure of a passive house

Abstract

The present invention discloses a wall structure of a passive house, comprising a heat-insulating layer, a flame-retardant layer, a thermal insulation layer, and a ventilation device arranged inside the wall, wherein the ventilation device comprises an air duct 1 and an air duct 2; the air duct 1 is used to guide indoor hot air to the outside, and the air duct 2 is used to guide outdoor cold air to the inside; the side walls of the air duct 1 and the air duct 2 are tightly fitted together to achieve heat transfer; the ventilation device also comprises a control component for controlling the on and off of the air duct 1 and the air duct 2; the ventilation device comprises a box body and an expansion bag provided inside the box body, the expansion bag divides the box body into mutually isolated ventilation area 1 and ventilation area 2; each of the ventilation area 1 and the ventilation area 2 is provided with a movable block, the expansion bag can push the movable block to move; the movable block is provided with a ventilator hole for gas to pass through. The present invention has the function of automatically exchanging heat in winter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of house wall manufacturing, in particular to a wall structure of a passive house. Background Art

[0002] Passive houses are energy-efficient structures. They utilize extra-thick insulation and complex windows and doors, achieving efficient thermal insulation primarily through the home's own construction. They also utilize solar energy and heat dissipation from appliances to heat the home, minimizing or eliminating the need for actively supplied energy. Even when additional energy is needed, it is primarily clean, renewable energy.

[0003] Because passive houses use thermal insulation materials and their walls are relatively thick, there will be insufficient air circulation indoors, affecting the comfort of the house. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The wall structure of a passive house provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A wall structure of a passive house, comprising a heat insulation layer, a flame retardant layer and a thermal insulation layer;

[0006] The thermal insulation layer is placed close to the outside to keep the heat in, the flame retardant layer is in the middle to prevent fire, and the heat insulation layer is placed close to the inside to isolate the internal and external temperatures.

[0007] The invention also includes a ventilation device arranged inside the wall, the ventilation device including a first air guide pipe and a second air guide pipe;

[0008] Air duct 1 is used to guide indoor hot air to the outside, and air duct 2 is used to guide outdoor cold air to the indoor;

[0009] The side walls of the first air duct and the second air duct are tightly fitted together to achieve heat transfer;

[0010] The ventilation device also includes a control component for controlling the opening and closing of the airway tube 1 and the airway tube 2;

[0011] The ventilation device includes a box body and an expansion bag opened inside the box body. The expansion bag is made of a material that expands when heated and contracts when cooled. The expansion bag divides the box body into a ventilation area 1 and a ventilation area 2 that are isolated from each other.

[0012] The first airway tube is connected to the first ventilation area, and the second airway tube is connected to the second ventilation area;

[0013] The box body is also connected to a conduit 1 and a conduit 2, the conduit 2 is connected to the ventilation area 2, the conduit 1 is connected to the expansion bag, and the conduit 1 is also connected to the ventilation area 1 through a branch pipe;

[0014] Both ventilation area 1 and ventilation area 2 are provided with movable blocks, and the expansion bag can push the movable blocks to move;

[0015] The moving block is provided with a vent hole for gas to pass through.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, in the cold winter, the ventilation device will only start when the indoor temperature is high, and can ventilate the room without causing the indoor temperature to be too high. It can also ensure the freshness of the air and improve the comfort of the indoor living environment. The ventilation device automatically starts and shuts down according to the temperature, and utilizes the automatic control of the increase and decrease of the indoor temperature. The simple mechanical structure has a longer service life and is not easy to be damaged.

[0017] Optionally, the first airway tube and the second airway tube are both spiral-shaped.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the spiral-shaped air duct one and air duct two can increase the time for gas to circulate inside the air duct one and air duct two, thereby enabling better heat transfer between the two.

[0019] Optionally, the box body is provided with a cover plate, which can be buckled onto the box body, and a sealing block is fixedly connected to one side of the cover plate close to the box body, and the sealing block can at least fill the area above the maximum expansion area of the expansion bag.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the sealing block can fill the top of the expansion bag, thereby ensuring the isolation between the ventilation area 1 and the ventilation area 2, avoiding the mutual exchange of gases and affecting the use of the ventilation device.

[0021] Optionally, the expansion bag is provided with fixed blocks on both sides perpendicular to the moving block, and the fixed blocks are located at the midpoint of the length direction of the box body;

[0022] The moving block and the fixed block are connected via a spring.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the presence of the fixed block facilitates the installation of the spring, and the presence of the fixed block as an anchor point can also enable the moving block to be reset, reducing the occurrence of the situation where the moving block is not reset into place.

[0024] Optionally, baffles are provided on both sides of the expansion bag, the two baffles are parallel to each other, and the length direction of the baffles is the same as the length direction of the box body, and the baffles are located between the spring and the expansion bag.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, because the expansion bag is made of soft material, the baffle is located between the spring and the expansion bag, preventing the expansion bag from entering the gap of the spring during expansion, thereby avoiding affecting the use of the spring. In addition, the baffle can also limit the expansion direction of the expansion bag, so that most of the expansion bag expands in the moving direction of the moving block, which can better promote the expansion of the expansion bag.

[0026] Optionally, a sliding groove for inserting the baffle is provided on the moving block.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the existence of the slide groove can prevent the baffle from affecting the movement of the moving block, and can also play a guiding role for the moving block, making the movement of the moving block more stable.

[0028] Optionally, a heat insulation layer is sprayed on the surface of the expansion bag.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the thermal insulation layer mainly plays a role of thermal insulation, which can reduce the influence of the external ambient temperature on the expansion bag, thereby making the start and stop of the ventilation device more accurate.

[0030] Optionally, the vent hole is semicircular.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, the semicircular vent holes not only facilitate the passage of air, but also facilitate the blocking of the ventilation area 1 and the ventilation area 2 by the movable block, thereby reducing the probability of air leakage.

[0032] In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. In winter, the ventilation device can start and stop automatically. When the indoor temperature is high enough, the ventilation device automatically starts to ventilate. When the indoor temperature drops to a certain temperature as the ventilation is carried out, the ventilation device automatically stops to prevent heat loss in the house. Therefore, the existence of the ventilation device ensures the freshness of the indoor air without causing the temperature in the house to be too low.

[0034] 2. The expansion bag and the air duct are connected through a bypass pipe and a branch pipe, so that the expansion or contraction of the expansion bag is controlled by the indoor air temperature. By making full use of mechanical means to control, the operation of the ventilation device can be made more stable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the wall structure in the embodiment.

[0036] Figure 2 2 is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the wall in the embodiment.

[0037] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ventilation device in the embodiment.

[0038] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure inside the box in the embodiment.

[0039] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view highlighting the spring in the embodiment.

[0040] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A in the middle.

[0041] Description of reference numerals:

[0042] 1. Exterior panel; 2. Insulation layer; 3. Flame retardant layer; 4. Heat insulation layer; 5. Interior panel; 51. Grille plate; 6. Ventilation device; 61. Air duct one; 611. Intake duct one; 6111. Bypass pipe; 612. Outlet duct one; 62. Air duct two; 621. Outlet duct two; 622. Intake duct two; 63. Control component; 631. Box; 632. Cover plate; 6321. Sealing block; 633. Expansion bag; 634. Duct one; 6341. Branch pipe; 635. Duct two; 65. Ventilation area one; 66. Ventilation area two; 67. Moving block; 671. Ventilation hole; 672. Slide groove; 68. Fixed block; 681. Spring; 69. Baffle; 7. Extension pipe; 8. Accommodation area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following is combined with Figure 1-6 This application is described in further detail.

[0044] The embodiment of the present application discloses a wall structure of a passive house. Figure 1 The wall structure includes an exterior panel 1, an insulation layer 2, a flame retardant layer 3, a heat insulating layer 4 and an interior panel 5 arranged in sequence; the exterior panel 1 is the outermost layer of the wall of the house and plays a decorative role, the insulation layer 2 mainly plays a heat-insulating role, the flame retardant layer 3 is in the middle and plays a fire-proof role, and the heat insulating layer 4 is arranged close to the room to isolate the inside and outside temperatures; the interior panel 5 is the inner wall surface of the house and also plays a decorative role.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A ventilation device 6 is also provided in the wall. In order to reduce the use of active heating or cooling equipment, the walls of passive houses are very thick and tightly sealed, which leads to poor indoor air circulation. Therefore, a ventilation device 6 is provided to assist in ventilation and improve air circulation.

[0046] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3The ventilation device 6 includes an air duct 1 61 and an air duct 2 62. Air duct 1 61 is fixedly connected to an air inlet 1 611 and an air outlet 1 612 at both ends. Air inlet 1 611 is located indoors, while air outlet 1 612 is located outdoors. This allows indoor air to enter through air inlet 1 611, pass through air duct 1 61, and be discharged through air outlet 1 612. Air duct 2 62 is fixedly connected to an air inlet 2 622 and an air outlet 2 621 at both ends. Air inlet 2 622 is located outdoors, while air outlet 2 621 is located indoors. This allows outdoor air to enter through air inlet 2 622, pass through air duct 2 62, and be discharged through air outlet 2 621. These two independent pipes complete air exchange. Air duct 1 61 and air duct 2 62 are both spiral-shaped and fit tightly together, allowing the temperature of the indoor air to transfer to that of the outdoor air. This ensures freshness while keeping the air temperature within the room constant. This prevents a significant temperature difference between the incoming air and the existing indoor air, improving indoor comfort. The spiral-shaped air duct 1 61 and air duct 2 62 increase the length of contact between them within the limited space within the wall, allowing for better heat exchange between incoming and outgoing air. Furthermore, the spiral-shaped duct reduces air velocity compared to straight ducts, improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0047] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 A control component 63 is provided at one end of the air inlet pipe 1 611 and the air outlet pipe 2 621 close to the room. The control component 63 can automatically control whether the ventilation device 6 in the room performs ventilation according to the temperature.

[0048] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The control assembly 63 includes a sealed box 631, a cover 632, and an expansion bag 633 located within the box 631. The box 631 is rectangular, and the expansion bag 633 is located in the middle of the box 631, dividing the interior of the box 631 into a ventilation area 1 65 and a ventilation area 2 66. Each of the ventilation areas 1 65 and 2 66 is provided with a movable block 67, which can slide within the box 631. The two movable blocks 67 are located on either side of the expansion bag 633. A conduit 1 634 is fixedly connected to the box 631, communicating with the expansion bag 633. The expansion bag 633 is made of a material that expands with heat and contracts with cold, allowing it to expand when heated. The conduit 1 634 can direct hot air from the room into the expansion bag 633, causing it to expand and, in turn, driving the movable block 67 toward the end of the box 631.

[0049] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5The expansion bag 633 is provided with fixed blocks 68 on both sides perpendicular to the moving block 67. The fixed block 68 is located in the middle of the length direction of the box body 631. A spring 681 is fixedly connected between the fixed block 68 and the moving block 67. When the two moving blocks 67 move away from each other, the spring 681 is stretched and stores force. When the air temperature inside the expansion bag 633 drops, the expansion bag 633 contracts, and the spring 681 pulls the two moving blocks 67 to move toward each other, thereby driving the moving blocks 67 to perform reciprocating motion.

[0050] The end of inlet pipe 1 611 near housing 631 is sealed, and a bypass pipe 6111 is fixedly connected to the side wall of inlet pipe 1 611. The end of bypass pipe 6111, away from inlet pipe 1 611, is fixedly connected to cover plate 632. Bypass pipe 6111 is connected to ventilation area 1 65 inside housing 631. A branch pipe 6341 is fixedly connected to the side wall of duct 1 634, connecting duct 1 634 with ventilation area 1 65. Indoor air passes through duct 1 634 and ventilation area 1 65, then enters inlet pipe 1 611 and is discharged outdoors through outlet pipe 1 612.

[0051] The second air outlet pipe 621 and the cover plate 632 are fixedly connected, and the second air outlet pipe 621 is connected to the second ventilation area 66. The box body 631 is fixedly connected with the second duct 635 connected to the second ventilation area 66. The outdoor air enters the second ventilation area 66 through the second duct 635 and the second air outlet pipe 621, and finally enters the second duct 635 and is discharged into the room, completing the ventilation action.

[0052] The movable block 67 is provided with a semicircular vent hole 671. When the two movable blocks 67 move away from each other, the vent holes 671 on the two movable blocks 67 will be aligned with the branch pipe 6341 and the second conduit 635 respectively, thereby completing the air exchange. When the movable blocks 67 move toward each other, the movable blocks 67 will block the branch pipe 6341 and the second conduit 635, so that the indoor air cannot enter the box body 631 and the outdoor air cannot pass through the box body 631, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the ventilation on and off.

[0053] A baffle 69 is provided between the expansion bag 633 and the spring 681. The baffle 69 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box 631. Because the expansion bag 633 is soft and expandable, if it is not blocked, the expansion bag 633 can easily enter the gap in the spring 681 during expansion, affecting the normal operation of the spring 681. At the same time, the ends of the baffle 69 extend into the two movable blocks 67. The movable blocks 67 are provided with sliding grooves 672 that cooperate with the baffle 69. This allows the baffle 69 to serve as a guide, making the movement of the movable blocks 67 more stable and preventing the baffle 69 from affecting the movement of the movable blocks 67.

[0054] The surface of the expansion bag 633 is also sprayed with a heat-insulating layer. Because the ventilation area 2 66 contains cold air, which can easily cause the expansion bag 633 to shrink, a heat-insulating layer is sprayed to prevent the expansion bag 633 from suddenly shrinking during the ventilation process, which would affect the ventilation.

[0055] A sealing block 6321 is fixedly connected to one side of the cover plate 632 close to the box body 631. The sealing block 6321 can fill the space between the moving block 67, the expansion bag 633 and the cover plate 632 to ensure the mutual independence of the ventilation area 2 66 and the ventilation area 1 65.

[0056] Reference Figure 6 , the ends of duct one 634 and duct two 635 away from the box body 631 are fixedly connected with a horizontal extension pipe 7, and the two extension pipes 7 extend in a direction away from each other, and the extension direction of the extension pipe 7 is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall. The end of the interior trim panel 5 close to the roof is provided with a storage area 8 for accommodating the extension pipe 7, which is convenient for the placement and extension of the extension pipe 7. The side of the storage area 8 close to the room is provided with a grille plate 51 fixed on the interior trim panel 5. The grille plate 51 can block the extension pipe 7 and will not affect the air entering the room or the indoor air entering the storage area. The extension pipe 7 is arranged close to the roof because the ventilation device in this embodiment is mainly used for ventilation in winter. In winter, the indoor air is mostly hot air, and the hot air will float upward. Therefore, the air inlet pipe one 611 is arranged close to the roof to facilitate the entry of hot air. The air with lower temperature discharged by the air outlet pipe two 621 will also float downward, thereby achieving better circulation of indoor air.

[0057] The wall structure of a passive house in an embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows: To maintain indoor temperature during cold winter months, this passive house requires a tighter seal. This provides excellent insulation and reduces active heating consumption, but this results in poor indoor air flow, which, over time, can be unpleasant for those inside. Therefore, a ventilation device 6 is provided within the wall, which automatically ventilates the room when the temperature reaches a sufficiently high level, providing fresh air to the room on a regular basis. When the indoor temperature is low, the expansion bag 633 is in a contracted state, and the two movable blocks 67 move toward each other under the action of the spring 681, thereby offsetting the vent holes and the first and second conduits 634 and 635. This prevents indoor air from entering the ventilation area 1 65, and prevents outdoor air from entering the second conduit 635. This prevents indoor and outdoor air from exchanging, ensuring that the indoor temperature remains constant.

[0058] Because the indoor air is always connected to the expansion bag 633, when the indoor air temperature is high enough, and because of the thermal expansion and contraction characteristics of the expansion bag 633, the indoor hot air will cause the expansion bag 633 to expand, so that the expansion bag 633 can push the moving block 67 to move away from each other, so that the air vent 671 and the branch pipe 6341 and the second conduit 635 coincide with each other. At this time, the indoor air can be discharged to the outside through the air inlet pipe 1 611 and the air guide pipe 1 61, and the outdoor air enters the second room through the air guide pipe 2 62, the air outlet pipe 2 621, the second conduit 635, and the extension pipe 7, thereby completing the ventilation work; and the air guide pipe 1 61 and the air guide pipe 2 62 are fitted together, so that the outdoor air can be heated in the process of entering the room, so that the temperature of the air entering the room will not be too low, reducing the temperature difference and further improving the comfort.

[0059] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A wall structure of a passive house, characterized by: It comprises a heat-insulating layer (4), a flame-retardant layer (3) and a thermal insulation layer (2); The heat preservation layer (2) is arranged close to the outside and mainly plays the role of heat preservation. The flame retardant layer (3) is in the middle and plays the role of fire prevention. The heat insulation layer (4) is arranged close to the inside and isolates the internal and external temperatures. It also includes a ventilation device (6) arranged inside the wall, and the ventilation device (6) includes a first air guide pipe (61) and a second air guide pipe (62); The first air duct (61) is used to guide the hot air in the room to the outside, and the second air duct (62) is used to guide the cold air outside to the room; The side walls of the first air guide tube (61) and the second air guide tube (62) are tightly fitted together to achieve heat transfer; The ventilation device (6) further includes a control component (63) for controlling the opening and closing of the airway tube 1 (61) and the airway tube 2 (62); The ventilation device (6) includes a box body (631) and an expansion bag (633) disposed inside the box body (631). The expansion bag (633) is made of a material that expands with heat and contracts with cold. The expansion bag (633) divides the inside of the box body (631) into a ventilation area 1 (65) and a ventilation area 2 (66) that are isolated from each other. The air duct 1 (61) is connected to the ventilation area 1 (65), and the air duct 2 (62) is connected to the ventilation area 2 (66); The box (631) is also connected to a conduit 1 (634) and a conduit 2 (635). The conduit 2 (635) is connected to the ventilation area 2 (66). The conduit 1 (634) is connected to the expansion bag (633). At the same time, the conduit 1 (634) is also connected to the ventilation area 1 (65) through the branch pipe (6341). A movable block (67) is provided in each of the ventilation area 1 (65) and the ventilation area 2 (66), and the expansion bag (633) can push the movable block (67) to move; The movable block (67) is provided with a vent hole (671) for gas to pass through; The box body (631) is provided with a cover plate (632), which can be buckled onto the box body (631). A sealing block (6321) is fixedly connected to one side of the cover plate (632) close to the box body (631), and the sealing block (6321) can at least fill the area directly above the expansion bag (633).

2. The wall structure of a passive house according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air guide tube 1 (61) and the air guide tube 2 (62) are both spiral shaped.

3. The wall structure of a passive house according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion bag (633) is provided with fixed blocks (68) on both sides perpendicular to the moving block (67), and the fixed blocks (68) are located at the midpoint of the length direction of the box body (631); The movable block (67) and the fixed block (68) are connected via a spring (681).

4. The wall structure of a passive house according to claim 1, characterized in that: Baffles (69) are provided on both sides of the expansion bag (633). The two baffles (69) are parallel to each other, and the length direction of the baffles (69) is the same as the length direction of the box (631). The baffles (69) are located between the spring (681) and the expansion bag (633).

5. The wall structure of a passive house according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movable block (67) is provided with a sliding groove (672) for the baffle (69) to be inserted.

6. The wall structure of a passive house according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the expansion bag (633) is sprayed with a heat insulation layer (4).

7. The wall structure of a passive house according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vent hole (671) is semicircular.

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