While-drilling azimuth gamma data processing method and device based on MWD (Measurement While Drilling)

Abstract

The invention discloses a while-drilling azimuth gamma data processing method and device based on MWD, and relates to the technical field of data processing.The while-drilling azimuth gamma data processing method comprises the steps that azimuth gamma data are collected, the azimuth gamma data are processed, target azimuth gamma data are obtained, and on the basis of the well depth associated with each gamma value, the target azimuth gamma data are obtained; determining coordinates of a sampling point indicated by each target gamma value in the target azimuth gamma data, determining coordinates of an insertion point inserted between every two adjacent sampling points based on the drilling speed associated with each sampling point, and smoothing each inflection point to adjust the coordinates of each preset insertion point, and based on the coordinate of each sampling point and the coordinate of each insertion point, drawing a gamma curve by sampling a Bezier curve reconstruction strategy. According to the invention, the technical problems of low smoothness and low resolution of the drawn gamma curve in the prior art are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data processing, and in particular, to a method and device for processing azimuth gamma data while drilling based on MWD. Background Art

[0002] The logging-while-drilling technology has been widely applied in the field of oil exploration and development. Through the logging-while-drilling instrument, formation information can be obtained in real time. Among them, gamma measurement is an important measurement means in logging-while-drilling. Gamma measurement can obtain the radioactive information of the formation, reflect the lithological characteristics of the formation, and provide an important basis for geological steering and reservoir evaluation.

[0003] Currently, in order to improve the smoothness and resolution of the gamma curve, a variety of data processing methods are adopted, such as filtering, interpolation, etc. However, these methods still have deficiencies in processing complex formations and cannot effectively suppress mutations, resulting in curve distortion.

[0004] To solve the above problems, in the related art, a method for processing original data of each sector through a data processing method for azimuth gamma imaging while drilling based on a single detector is used to obtain a gamma value data set with real-time depth matching, and then real-time imaging is performed. However, this method still has deficiencies in depth matching and interpolation algorithms and needs to be further optimized to improve the accuracy and resolution of the data. And, in the related art, a method for optimizing the logging-while-drilling gamma log curve for precise navigation of deep oil and gas is used to remove outliers from the obtained logging-while-drilling GR (Gamma Ray) curve data and judge the rationality of the removed outliers. The detection result of the formation mutation point is obtained by taking the derivative of the logging-while-drilling variance attribute curve updated in real time, and the detection result of the formation mutation point of the pre-drilling prediction well curve is searched. The drilling depth is corrected through the comparison of the two detection results of the formation mutation point to obtain the accurate depth while drilling. However, this method still has deficiencies in outlier removal and needs to be further optimized to improve the accuracy of the data.

[0005] In view of the above problems, no effective solution has been proposed yet. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and device for processing azimuth gamma data while drilling based on MWD to at least solve the technical problem of the low smoothness and resolution of the gamma curve drawn in the related art.

[0007] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a method for processing azimuth gamma data while drilling based on MWD is provided, including: collecting azimuth gamma data, where the azimuth gamma data includes: a plurality of gamma values sorted in time series, and each gamma value is associated with a well depth and a drilling speed; processing the azimuth gamma data to obtain target azimuth gamma data, and determining the coordinates of the sampling points indicated by each target gamma value in the target azimuth gamma data based on the well depth associated with each gamma value; determining the coordinates of the inserted points inserted between every two adjacent sampling points based on the drilling speed associated with each sampling point, and smoothing each inflection point to adjust the coordinates of each preset inserted point, where the inflection point is any sampling point except the first sampling point and the last sampling point, and the preset inserted point is any inserted point except the first inserted point and the last inserted point; drawing a gamma curve by sampling a Bezier curve reconstruction strategy based on the coordinates of each sampling point and the coordinates of each inserted point.

[0008] Further, the step of processing the azimuth gamma data to obtain target azimuth gamma data includes: performing filtering processing on each gamma value to obtain a target gamma value; determining a median value and an absolute median difference based on each target gamma value; determining an outlier of the target gamma value based on the target gamma value, the median value, and the absolute median difference; and removing the target gamma value corresponding to the outlier from the azimuth gamma data when the outlier is greater than an outlier threshold to obtain the target azimuth gamma data.

[0009] Further, the step of determining the coordinates of the inserted points inserted between every two adjacent sampling points based on the drilling speed associated with each sampling point includes: determining an interpolation ratio between every two adjacent sampling points based on the drilling speed associated with each sampling point; and determining the coordinates of the inserted points inserted between every two adjacent sampling points based on the interpolation ratio.

[0010] Further, the step of determining the interpolation ratio between every two adjacent sampling points based on the drilling speed associated with each sampling point includes: for every two adjacent sampling points, determining an average drilling speed based on the drilling speeds of the two adjacent sampling points; when the average drilling speed is less than or equal to a drilling speed threshold, determining a first preset value as the interpolation ratio; when the average drilling speed is greater than the drilling speed threshold, determining the minimum value between a second preset value and a third preset value as the interpolation ratio, where the third preset value is a value determined based on the average drilling speed and the drilling speed threshold, and the first preset value and the second preset value are not equal.

[0011] Further, the step of smoothing each inflection point to adjust the coordinates of each preset insertion point includes: determining each inflection point and its adjacent insertion points as a set of points, where the adjacent insertion points are the previous insertion point and the next insertion point adjacent to the inflection point; for each set of points, performing coordinate transformation on the adjacent insertion points in the set of points to make the three points in the set of points collinear, and determining the slope when the three points in the set of points are collinear; based on the slope, the coordinates of the inflection point, and the coordinates of the adjacent insertion points, adjusting the ordinate values of the adjacent insertion points.

[0012] Further, the step of drawing a gamma curve by sampling a Bézier curve reconstruction strategy based on the coordinates of each sampling point and the coordinates of each insertion point includes: determining the gamma gradient of each sampling segment formed by every two adjacent sampling points based on the target gamma values of every two adjacent sampling points; determining the sampling segments with gamma gradients less than or equal to the gradient threshold as the first type of segments, and determining the sampling segments with gamma gradients greater than the gradient threshold as the second type of segments; using a cubic Bézier curve to adjust the coordinates of each sampling point and each insertion point on the first type of segments, and using a quintic Bézier curve to adjust the coordinates of each sampling point and each insertion point on the second type of segments to obtain a gamma curve.

[0013] Further, the step of using a quintic Bézier curve to adjust the coordinates of each sampling point and each insertion point on the second type of segments includes: determining a continuous preset number of the second type of segments as continuous second type of segments; when the number of continuous second type of segments is greater than 1 and less than the preset number, connecting the adjacent segments of the continuous second type of segments to the continuous second type of segments to form continuous second type of segments, where the adjacent segments refer to the previous sampling segment or the next sampling segment adjacent to the continuous second type of segments; when the number of continuous second type of segments is equal to 1, connecting the previous sampling segment, the next sampling segment, and the second type of segment to form continuous second type of segments; determining the regularization constraint of the continuous second type of segments; based on the regularization constraint, adjusting the coordinates of each sampling point and the target insertion point on the continuous second type of segments until the sum of the squares of the curvatures of all sampling points on the continuous second type of segments is minimized, where the target insertion point is any insertion point located in the middle of the continuous second type of segments.

[0014] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a downhole azimuth gamma data processing device based on MWD, including: a collection unit for collecting azimuth gamma data, where the azimuth gamma data includes: a plurality of gamma values sorted in time series, and each gamma value is associated with a well depth and a drilling speed; a processing unit for processing the azimuth gamma data to obtain target azimuth gamma data, and determining the coordinates of the sampling points indicated by each target gamma value in the target azimuth gamma data based on the well depth associated with each gamma value; a determination unit for determining the coordinates of the insertion points inserted between every two adjacent sampling points based on the drilling speed associated with each sampling point, and performing smoothing processing on each inflection point to adjust the coordinates of each preset insertion point, where an inflection point is any sampling point except the first sampling point and the last sampling point, and a preset insertion point is any insertion point except the first insertion point and the last insertion point; a drawing unit for drawing a gamma curve by sampling a Bezier curve reconstruction strategy based on the coordinates of each sampling point and the coordinates of each insertion point.

[0015] Further, the processing unit includes: a first filtering module for performing filtering processing on each gamma value to obtain a target gamma value; a first determination module for determining a median value and an absolute median difference based on each target gamma value; a second determination module for determining an outlier of the target gamma value based on the target gamma value, the median value, and the absolute median difference; a first elimination module for eliminating the target gamma value corresponding to the outlier from the azimuth gamma data when the outlier is greater than an outlier threshold, to obtain the target azimuth gamma data.

[0016] Further, the determination unit includes: a third determination module for determining an interpolation ratio between every two adjacent sampling points based on the drilling speed associated with each sampling point; a fourth determination module for determining the coordinates of the insertion points inserted between every two adjacent sampling points based on the interpolation ratio.

[0017] Further, the third determination module includes: a first determination sub-module for determining an average drilling speed based on the drilling speeds of two adjacent sampling points for every two adjacent sampling points; a second determination sub-module for determining the first preset value as the interpolation ratio when the average drilling speed is less than or equal to a drilling speed threshold; a third determination sub-module for determining the minimum value between a second preset value and a third preset value as the interpolation ratio when the average drilling speed is greater than the drilling speed threshold, where the third preset value is a value determined based on the average drilling speed and the drilling speed threshold, and the first preset value is not equal to the second preset value.

[0018] Further, the determination unit further includes: a fifth determination module, configured to determine each inflection point and the adjacent insertion points of the inflection point as a set of points, where the adjacent insertion points are the previous insertion point and the next insertion point adjacent to the inflection point; a sixth determination module, configured to, for each set of points, perform coordinate transformation on the adjacent insertion points in the set of points to make three points in the set of points collinear, and determine the slope when the three points in the set of points are collinear; a first adjustment module, configured to adjust the ordinate values of the adjacent insertion points based on the slope, the coordinates of the inflection point, and the coordinates of the adjacent insertion points.

[0019] Further, the drawing unit includes: a seventh determination module, configured to determine the gamma gradient of each sampling segment formed by every two adjacent sampling points based on the target gamma values of every two adjacent sampling points; an eighth determination module, configured to determine the sampling segments with gamma gradients less than or equal to the gradient threshold as the first type of segments, and determine the sampling segments with gamma gradients greater than the gradient threshold as the second type of segments; a second adjustment module, configured to adjust the coordinates of each sampling point and each insertion point on the first type of segments using a cubic Bezier curve, and adjust the coordinates of each sampling point and each insertion point on the second type of segments using a quintic Bezier curve to obtain a gamma curve.

[0020] Further, the second adjustment module includes: a fourth determination sub-module, configured to determine a continuous second type of segments as continuous second type of segments when there are a continuous preset number of second type of segments; a first connection sub-module, configured to, when the number of continuous second type of segments is greater than 1 and less than the preset number, connect the adjacent segments of the continuous second type of segments with the continuous second type of segments to form continuous second type of segments, where the adjacent segments refer to the previous sampling segment or the next sampling segment adjacent to the continuous second type of segments; a second connection sub-module, configured to, when the number of continuous second type of segments is equal to 1, connect the previous sampling segment, the next sampling segment of the second type of segments with the second type of segments to form continuous second type of segments; a fifth determination sub-module, configured to determine the regularization constraint of the continuous second type of segments; a first adjustment sub-module, configured to adjust the coordinates of each sampling point and the target insertion point on the continuous second type of segments based on the regularization constraint until the sum of the squares of the curvatures of all sampling points on the continuous second type of segments is minimized, where the target insertion point is any insertion point located in the middle of the continuous second type of segments.

[0021] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a computer program product, including a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the MWD-based azimuth gamma data processing method according to any one of the above.

[0022] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an electronic device is further provided, including one or more processors and a memory. The memory is used to store one or more programs. When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors are caused to implement any one of the above-mentioned MWD-based azimuth gamma data processing methods.

[0023] In the present invention, azimuth gamma data is collected, the azimuth gamma data is processed to obtain target azimuth gamma data, and based on the well depth associated with each gamma value, the coordinates of the sampling points indicated by each target gamma value in the target azimuth gamma data are determined. Based on the drilling speed associated with each sampling point, the coordinates of the interpolation points inserted between every two adjacent sampling points are determined, and each inflection point is smoothed to adjust the coordinates of each preset interpolation point. Based on the coordinates of each sampling point and the coordinates of each interpolation point, a gamma curve is drawn using the Bezier curve reconstruction strategy, thereby solving the technical problems of low smoothness and low resolution of the gamma curve drawn in the related art.

[0024] In the present invention, by processing the collected azimuth gamma data, the influence of high-frequency noise and outliers can be effectively suppressed, the quality and reliability of the data can be improved. Then, through the drilling speed-driven dynamic interpolation strategy, the coordinates of the inserted interpolation points can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual drilling situation, so that the drawing effect of the gamma curve can adapt to different drilling speed conditions, improving the adaptability of the curve. By smoothing each inflection point, the smoothness of the curve can be improved. After that, by using the Bezier curve reconstruction strategy to draw the gamma curve, the resolution of the curve in the complex formation section can be improved, thus achieving the technical effect of improving the smoothness and resolution of the gamma curve and better reflecting the detailed characteristics of the formation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 is a flowchart of an optional MWD-based azimuth gamma data processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an optional MWD-based azimuth gamma data processing flow according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an optional MWD-based azimuth gamma data processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4It is a hardware structure block diagram of an electronic device (or mobile device) for a method of processing azimuth gamma data while drilling based on MWD according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present invention described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units does not have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0032] It should be noted that the relevant information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) collected and involved in the present invention are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties. And the processing of the collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision, disclosure and application of relevant data, etc., all comply with the relevant laws, regulations and standards in the relevant regions, take necessary confidentiality measures, do not violate public order and good customs, and provide corresponding operation entrances for users to choose to authorize or refuse. For example, an interface is set between the present system and relevant users or institutions. Before obtaining relevant information, a request for obtaining needs to be sent to the aforementioned users or institutions through the interface, and after receiving the consent information feedback from the aforementioned users or institutions, the relevant information is obtained.

[0033] The present invention relates to the technology of measurement while drilling in the field of oil and gas exploration and development, and proposes a method for processing azimuth gamma data while drilling based on MWD. Through technical means such as data acquisition and preprocessing, dynamic interpolation driven by drilling speed, inflection point smoothing optimization, and Bezier curve reconstruction, the smooth drawing of the gamma curve is realized, the resolution of the curve is improved, and a more accurate basis is provided for the interpretation of formation information.

[0034] In the present invention, data preprocessing is carried out by using a filter (such as the Savitzky-Golay filter, which is a digital filter that smooths signals and preserves trends) and an improved Z-score method (i.e., the Z-value scoring method), effectively suppressing the influence of high-frequency noise and outliers, and improving the quality and reliability of the data. By introducing a dynamic interpolation mechanism driven by the drilling speed, the interpolation ratio can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual drilling situation, enabling the drawing effect of the gamma curve to adapt to different drilling speed conditions and improving the adaptability of the curve. Moreover, the inflection points are smoothed by using the three-point collinearity condition and the minimum displacement optimization strategy, effectively solving the problem of discontinuity or serration defects of the curve at the inflection points and improving the smoothness of the curve. In addition, different Bezier curve reconstruction strategies are adopted for the gentle section and the complex section, inserting more Bezier points in the complex section, improving the resolution of the curve in the complex formation section, being able to better reflect the formation detail features, and introducing a regularization constraint for the complex section, which can suppress the mutation of the curve in the complex formation section and further improve the smoothness and reliability of the curve.

[0035] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to various embodiments.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of a method for processing azimuth gamma data while drilling based on MWD is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and although the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order than here.

[0038] Figure 1 is a flowchart of an optional method for processing azimuth gamma data while drilling based on MWD according to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0039] Step S101, collect azimuth gamma data, where the azimuth gamma data includes: a plurality of gamma values sorted in time series, and each gamma value is associated with a well depth and a drilling speed.

[0040] In an embodiment of the present invention, an MWD (Measurement While Drilling) instrument is a device that measures downhole parameters in real time during drilling and transmits them to the surface. The MWD can be used to collect azimuth gamma data in real time. These data are arranged in a time series, and each data point contains a gamma value, along with associated well depth and drilling rate information. Among them, the gamma value is a numerical value representing the radioactive intensity of the formation; the well depth is the depth of the borehole, used to locate the specific position of the gamma value downhole; and the drilling rate is the advancing speed of the drill bit, which affects the data acquisition frequency and curve smoothness.

[0041] Here, the azimuth gamma data is measured during the logging-while-drilling process using MWD, which is a set of gamma radiation intensity data received from different directions (such as up, down, left, right). For example, far-end azimuth up gamma data, far-end azimuth down gamma data, etc. And when collecting the far-end azimuth gamma data, near-bit azimuth gamma data (such as near-bit azimuth up gamma data, near-bit azimuth down gamma data, near-bit azimuth left gamma data, near-bit azimuth right gamma data, etc.) can also be obtained. Among them, the far-end azimuth (up / down) gamma data refers to the gamma data collected within a relatively far range from the drill bit (i.e., the instrument drill bit for logging), such as between 9 meters and 15 meters; the near-bit azimuth (up / down / left / right) gamma data refers to the gamma data collected within a relatively close range from the drill bit (such as within 1.5 meters).

[0042] In this embodiment, the azimuth gamma data collected by the MWD can be transmitted to a host computer on the ground (such as a dedicated industrial computer, an ordinary computer running specific software, etc.) for processing these data through the host computer.

[0043] Step S102: Process the azimuth gamma data to obtain target azimuth gamma data, and based on the well depth associated with each gamma value, determine the coordinates of the sampling points indicated by each target gamma value in the target azimuth gamma data.

[0044] In an embodiment of the present invention, the collected azimuth gamma data can be preprocessed, including: suppressing noise in the azimuth gamma data and removing outliers from the azimuth gamma data after noise suppression to obtain more reliable and high-quality target azimuth gamma data. For example, use a Savitzky-Golay filter for filtering and an improved Z-score method to remove outliers.

[0045] In an embodiment of the present invention, the coordinates (x, y) of each data point (i.e., sampling point) in the preprocessed target azimuth gamma data can be determined according to the well depth associated with each gamma value, where x is the well depth and y is the gamma value, that is, the coordinates of the data point are determined according to the target gamma value corresponding to each data point and the well depth.

[0046] Step S103: Based on the drilling speed associated with each sampling point, determine the coordinates of the insertion points inserted between every two adjacent sampling points, and perform smoothing processing on each inflection point to adjust the coordinates of each preset insertion point, where the inflection point is any sampling point except the first sampling point and the last sampling point, and the preset insertion point is any insertion point except the first insertion point and the last insertion point.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present invention, the coordinates of the insertion points to be inserted between every two adjacent sampling points can be dynamically determined according to the drilling speed, so that the drawing effect of the gamma curve can adapt to different drilling speed conditions, thereby improving the adaptability of the curve. In this embodiment, two insertion points can be inserted between every two adjacent sampling points.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present invention, the three-point collinearity condition and the minimum displacement optimization strategy can be adopted to perform smoothing processing on the inflection points (i.e., any sampling point except the first sampling point and the last sampling point) to adjust the coordinates of each preset insertion point (i.e., any insertion point except the first insertion point and the last insertion point), so as to effectively solve the problem of discontinuity or serration defects of the curve at the inflection points, thereby improving the smoothness of the curve.

[0049] Step S104: Draw the gamma curve by sampling the Bezier curve reconstruction strategy based on the coordinates of each sampling point and the coordinates of each insertion point.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present invention, the Bezier curve reconstruction strategy can be used to draw the gamma curve. For example, the cubic Bezier curve is used in the smooth section with fewer data points, while the quintic Bezier curve is used in the complex section with dense data and complex changes, and regularization constraints are added to avoid overfitting and maintain the reasonable smoothness of the curve. In this way, the resolution of the curve in the complex formation section is improved, and the formation detail features can be better reflected.

[0051] In summary, by processing the collected azimuth gamma data, the influence of high-frequency noise and outliers can be effectively suppressed, and the quality and reliability of the data can be improved. Then, through the dynamic interpolation strategy driven by the drilling speed, the coordinates of the inserted insertion points can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual drilling situation, so that the drawing effect of the gamma curve can adapt to different drilling speed conditions, improving the adaptability of the curve. By performing smoothing processing on the inflection points, the smoothness of the curve can be improved. After that, by using the Bezier curve reconstruction strategy to draw the gamma curve, the resolution of the curve in the complex formation section can be improved, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the smoothness and resolution of the gamma curve and better reflecting the formation detail features, and further solving the technical problem of the low smoothness and resolution of the gamma curve drawn in the related technology.

[0052] In order to improve the quality and reliability of azimuth gamma data, in the method for processing azimuth gamma data while drilling based on MWD provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application, each gamma value is filtered to obtain a target gamma value; based on each target gamma value, the median value and the absolute median difference are determined; based on the target gamma value, the median value, and the absolute median difference, the outlier of the target gamma value is determined; when the outlier is greater than the outlier threshold, the target gamma value corresponding to the outlier is removed from the azimuth gamma data to obtain the target azimuth gamma data.

[0053] In an embodiment of the present invention, the Savitzky-Golay filter can be used to filter the originally collected gamma values to obtain the target gamma values. Here, in order to improve the filtering accuracy, the window length of the filter can be set to 5, and the polynomial order can be set to 2. In this way, high-frequency noise can be effectively suppressed while retaining the basic trend and characteristics of the data.

[0054] In this embodiment, the data value of each point (i.e., the target gamma value) is estimated by fitting a polynomial of local sampling points, so as to achieve the purpose of denoising.

[0055] Exemplarily, taking the gamma at the distal azimuth as an example, the collected data is denoted as , where n represents the number of sampling points. The Savitzky-Golay filter (window length is 5, polynomial order is 2) is used to suppress high-frequency noise, and the formula is as follows:

[0056] ;

[0057] where represents the original gamma value of sampling point i, and represents the filtered target gamma value of sampling point i.

[0058] In an embodiment of the present invention, statistical analysis is performed on all the target gamma values after filtering, and the median value M and the absolute median difference MAD are calculated. Here, the median value is the value located in the middle position after all the target gamma values are sorted, and the absolute median difference is the median of the absolute values of the differences between all the target gamma values and the median value.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present invention, the improved Z-score method is used to detect and determine outliers. For any target gamma value, the outlier of the target gamma value can be calculated according to the median value and the absolute median difference. If the outlier of the target gamma value is greater than the outlier threshold (the boundary value for identifying outliers, set according to specific application scenarios, for example, it can be set to 3), the target gamma value corresponding to the outlier is removed from the azimuth gamma data to obtain the target azimuth gamma data.

[0060] Exemplarily, the improved Z-score method is used to eliminate the outliers greater than the anomaly threshold for the corresponding target gamma values, and the formula is as follows:

[0061] ;

[0062] In this embodiment, the high-frequency noise in the original azimuth gamma data can be effectively removed, and the outliers can be accurately identified and eliminated, improving the quality and reliability of the data. The obtained target azimuth gamma data set is purer and more accurately reflects the true situation of the formation, providing high-quality data support for subsequent processing steps such as dynamic interpolation driven by drilling speed, inflection point smoothing optimization, and Bezier curve reconstruction. The finally generated gamma curve will be smoother and have higher resolution, and can better serve the core work of petroleum exploration and development such as geological steering and reservoir evaluation.

[0063] In order to improve the accuracy of determining the coordinates of the insertion points, in the method for processing MWD-based azimuth gamma data provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application, based on the drilling speed associated with each sampling point, the interpolation ratio between every two adjacent sampling points is determined; based on the interpolation ratio, the coordinates of the insertion points inserted between every two adjacent sampling points are determined.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present invention, by monitoring the drilling speed of each sampling point in real time, the interpolation ratio between adjacent sampling points can be dynamically adjusted according to the magnitude of the drilling speed. For example, when the drilling speed ≤ 10 m / h, a fixed interpolation ratio (0.1, 0.9) can be used for insertion; when the drilling speed > 10 m / h, the interpolation ratio is dynamically adjusted and inserted according to the dynamic interpolation ratio. Exemplarily, for the original sampling points P1 and P2, the insertion points A1 (ratio 0.1 or dynamic value) and A2 (ratio 0.9 or dynamic value) are inserted according to the interpolation ratio. In this way, the interpolation ratio is dynamically adjusted according to the actual drilling situation, enabling the drawing effect of the gamma curve to adapt to different drilling speed conditions and improving the adaptability of the curve.

[0065] In the embodiment of the present invention, for every two adjacent sampling points and , according to the determined interpolation ratio , the coordinates of the insertion points are calculated. For example, for the sampling point insert , where the coordinate calculation formula of

[0066] ;

[0067] ;

[0068] where .

[0069] In this embodiment, by dynamically adjusting the interpolation ratio and accurately calculating the coordinates of the insertion points, the adaptive drawing of the gamma curve under different drilling speeds is realized, which not only improves the flexibility and adaptability of data processing, but also enhances the resolution and reliability of the azimuthal gamma measurement while drilling under complex formation conditions on the basis of ensuring the smoothness of the curve.

[0070] In order to improve the accuracy of determining the interpolation ratio, in the method for processing azimuthal gamma data while drilling based on MWD provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application, for every two adjacent sampling points, the average drilling speed is determined based on the drilling speeds of the two adjacent sampling points; in the case where the average drilling speed is less than or equal to the drilling speed threshold, the first preset value is determined as the interpolation ratio; in the case where the average drilling speed is greater than the drilling speed threshold, the minimum value between the second preset value and the third preset value is determined as the interpolation ratio, where the third preset value is a value determined based on the average drilling speed and the drilling speed threshold, and the first preset value and the second preset value are not equal.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present invention, two consecutive sampling points are selected, and the average drilling speed of these two sampling points is calculated according to the drilling speeds of these two sampling points. For example, if the drilling speed of sampling point P1 is v1 and the drilling speed of sampling point P2 is v2, the average drilling speed is (v1 + v2) / 2.

[0072] In the embodiment of the present invention, the average drilling speed is compared with a preset drilling speed threshold (which can be set according to actual situations, such as 10). If the average drilling speed is less than or equal to the drilling speed threshold, the first preset value (such as 0.1) is determined as the interpolation ratio (such as (0.1, 0.9)). If the average drilling speed is greater than the drilling speed threshold, a dynamically adjusted interpolation ratio needs to be determined, that is, the minimum value between the second preset value and the third preset value is determined as the interpolation ratio. Among them, the second preset value and the third preset value are respectively the preset interpolation ratio value at high drilling speeds and the upper limit of the interpolation ratio value dynamically calculated based on the average drilling speed. For example, the second preset value is 0.3, and the third preset value is a value determined based on the average drilling speed and the drilling speed threshold (such as , where 10 represents the drilling speed threshold, represents the average drilling speed).

[0073] Exemplarily, assuming that the drilling speed threshold is 10 m / h, the interpolation density (i.e., the interpolation ratio) is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time drilling speed (i.e., the average drilling speed of two sampling points determined in real time) to match the formation change speed, and the interpolation ratio formula is as follows:

[0074] ;

[0075] In this embodiment, a fixed interpolation ratio is used at low drilling speeds to ensure the capture of details in gentle formation sections; while at high drilling speeds, the interpolation ratio is dynamically adjusted to ensure the curve quality in complex or rapidly changing formation sections and avoid interpretation errors caused by sparse data.

[0076] To solve the problem of discontinuity or serration defects in the curve at the inflection point, in the MWD-based azimuth gamma data processing method provided in the first embodiment of this application, each inflection point and its adjacent insertion points are determined as a set of points, where the adjacent insertion points are the previous insertion point and the subsequent insertion point adjacent to the inflection point; for each set of points, coordinate transformation is performed on the adjacent insertion points in the set of points to make the three points in the set of points collinear, and the slope when the three points in the set of points are collinear is determined; based on the slope, the coordinates of the inflection point, and the coordinates of the adjacent insertion points, the ordinate values of the adjacent insertion points are adjusted.

[0077] In the embodiment of the present invention, to solve the problem of discontinuity or serration defects in the curve at the inflection point, the inflection point can be smoothed and optimized. Here, the inflection point refers to a sampling point with a previous insertion point and a subsequent insertion point. By smoothing and optimizing the curve segment where each inflection point is located, the smoothness of the curve can be improved. For example, the sampling point , which together with the previous insertion point (front segment) and the subsequent insertion point (rear segment) forms a curve segment. By performing coordinate transformation on the insertion point and , it is possible to make collinear. Furthermore, by calculating the slope when the three points are collinear, the ordinate values of the insertion points and are adjusted.

[0078] Specifically, after dynamic interpolation driven by the drilling speed, there are two insertion points between every two adjacent sampling points. Each inflection point and its adjacent insertion points (i.e., the previous insertion point and the subsequent insertion point adjacent to the inflection point) can be determined as a set of points. For example, if the sampling point is used as the inflection point, then the set of points will include , and the last insertion point before and the first insertion point after 。Then, perform coordinate transformation on adjacent insertion points in the point set to make three points in the point set collinear. For example, translate the vertical coordinates of adjacent insertion points to ensure that after adjustment, the three points meet the collinear condition. After being collinear, calculate the slope K of this line. Then, based on the slope, the coordinates of the inflection point, and the coordinates of adjacent insertion points, adjust the vertical coordinate values of adjacent insertion points so that the slope of the line formed by two adjacent insertion points and the inflection point is as close to K as possible, while ensuring that the three adjusted points are still collinear.

[0079] Exemplarily, the inflection point , the point to be adjusted and need to satisfy . Then calculate and their respective adjustment values (i.e., vertical coordinate values): and , where is the adjusted vertical coordinate value, is the adjusted vertical coordinate value.

[0080] In this embodiment, by treating the inflection point and its adjacent insertion points as a set of points and making these three points collinear through coordinate transformation, then calculating the slope in the collinear state, and finally adjusting the vertical coordinate values of the insertion points based on the slope, the performance of the gamma curve at the inflection point is effectively optimized, the smoothness and reliability of the gamma curve under complex formation conditions are improved, enabling the curve to more truly reflect the lithological characteristics of the formation, providing more accurate and intuitive data support for geological steering and reservoir evaluation and other work. In addition, through the minimum displacement optimization strategy, the rationality of curve adjustment is ensured, excessive distortion of the curve is avoided, and the authenticity of the data is maintained.

[0081] To improve the accuracy of drawing the gamma curve, in the method for processing MWD-based azimuth gamma data while drilling provided in Embodiment 1 of this application, based on the target gamma values of every two adjacent sampling points, determine the gamma gradient of the sampling segment formed by every two adjacent sampling points; determine the sampling segments with gamma gradients less than or equal to the gradient threshold as the first type of segments, and determine the sampling segments with gamma gradients greater than the gradient threshold as the second type of segments; use cubic Bezier curves to adjust the coordinates of each sampling point and each insertion point on the first type of segments, and use quintic Bezier curves to adjust the coordinates of each sampling point and each insertion point on the second type of segments to obtain the gamma curve.

[0082] In an embodiment of the present invention, for every two consecutive sampling points, the gamma gradient of the sampling segment formed by the two consecutive sampling points can be calculated according to the target gamma values corresponding to the two consecutive sampling points and the well depth, that is, the ratio of the difference between the target gamma values of the two consecutive sampling points to the difference between the well depths, which can reflect the change rate of the gamma value in the well depth direction.

[0083] In an embodiment of the present invention, a gradient threshold can be set (such as 40 API / m, where API (American Petroleum Institute) is the unit of radioactivity intensity) to distinguish the smooth segment (i.e., the first type of segment) and the complex segment (i.e., the second type of segment) on the gamma curve. If the gamma gradient of a certain sampling segment is less than or equal to the gradient threshold, then this segment is classified as the first type of segment, that is, the smooth segment; if the gamma gradient of a certain sampling segment is greater than the gradient threshold, then this segment is classified as the second type of segment, that is, the complex segment.

[0084] In an embodiment of the present invention, for the sampling segment determined to be the first type of segment (smooth segment), cubic Bézier curve is used for coordinate adjustment. The cubic Bézier curve is composed of four points. By adjusting the coordinates of the points, the curve can be made smoother. In this embodiment, two sampling points and two interpolation points between the two sampling points will all be used as the endpoints of the cubic Bézier curve, and by optimizing their coordinates, a smoother curve can be obtained.

[0085] Exemplarily, a certain smooth segment has four points, and the gamma curve can be drawn through the following cubic Bézier curve formula:

[0086] ;

[0087] where t is the coefficient of the Bézier curve, which can be set according to the number of inserted interpolation points. For example, if two interpolation points are inserted between every two sampling points, then t is 。

[0088] In an embodiment of the present invention, for the sampling segment determined to be the second type of segment (complex segment), quintic Bézier curve is used for coordinate adjustment to draw the gamma curve. The quintic Bézier curve has stronger control ability, can better handle the rapid changes and complex trends of data, and introducing regularization optimization constraints in the complex segment can suppress the curvature mutation.

[0089] In this embodiment, by differentiating the smooth segments and complex segments on the gamma curve and using Bezier curves of different orders for coordinate adjustment, refined processing of the azimuthal gamma data while drilling is achieved. The application of the cubic Bezier curve ensures that the curve of the smooth segment is more delicate, while the quintic Bezier curve provides stronger data fitting ability in the complex segment, capable of accurately capturing the rapid changes and complex details of the formation. This classification processing strategy not only improves the smoothness and resolution of the gamma curve, but also, under complex formation conditions, can more realistically reflect the lithological characteristics of the formation, providing more accurate and intuitive data support for petroleum exploration and development work such as geosteering and reservoir evaluation.

[0090] In some alternative embodiments, when drawing the gamma curve, it can be drawn from top to bottom, with the well depth as the vertical axis and the gamma value as the horizontal axis. In this way, the change of the gamma value under the formation can be better displayed.

[0091] In order to accurately adjust the coordinates of each sampling point and each insertion point on the second type of segment, in the method for processing azimuthal gamma data while drilling based on MWD provided in Embodiment 1 of this application, a continuous preset number of second type of segments are determined as continuous second type of segments; when the number of continuous second type of segments is greater than 1 and less than the preset number, the adjacent segments of the continuous second type of segments are connected to the continuous second type of segments to form continuous second type of segments, where the adjacent segments refer to the previous sampling segment or the next sampling segment adjacent to the continuous second type of segments; when the number of continuous second type of segments is equal to 1, the previous sampling segment, the next sampling segment and the second type of segment of the second type of segment are connected to form continuous second type of segments; the regularization constraint of the continuous second type of segments is determined; based on the regularization constraint, the coordinates of each sampling point and the target insertion point on the continuous second type of segments are adjusted until the sum of the squares of the curvatures of all sampling points on the continuous second type of segments is minimized, where the target insertion point is any insertion point located in the middle of the continuous second type of segments.

[0092] In the embodiments of the present invention, since a relatively large number of sampling points are required to process complex segments using quintic Bézier curves, when the pre-sampling segment or the post-sampling segment of a complex segment formed by two sampling points is not a complex segment, the complex segment is spliced with the pre-sampling segment and the post-sampling segment to obtain a continuous second-type segment with sufficient sampling points. Specifically: if there are a continuous preset number (such as 3) of second-type segments, a continuous second-type segment is directly formed; if the number of continuous second-type segments is greater than 1 and less than the preset number (such as 2), the previous smoothing segment or the next smoothing segment of the continuous second-type segment is spliced with the continuous second-type segment to form a longer continuous second-type segment; if there is an independent second-type segment (i.e., the number of continuous second-type segments is equal to 1), the previous smoothing segment and the next smoothing segment of the second-type segment are spliced with the second-type segment to form a longer continuous second-type segment. In this way, the density of sampling points can be increased to ensure the accuracy and reliability of subsequent processing.

[0093] In the embodiments of the present invention, for each continuous second-type segment, a regularization constraint needs to be determined. The regularization constraint is used to control the smoothness of the curve and avoid overfitting during the Bézier curve reconstruction process. Among them, the regularization constraint is that the sum of the squares of the curvatures of all sampling points on the continuous second-type segment is minimized, and the formula is as follows:

[0094] ;

[0095] Among them, is the curvature of the i-th sampling point on the continuous second-type segment, and n is the number of sampling points on the continuous second-type segment.

[0096] The formula for the curvature k is:

[0097] ;

[0098] ;

[0099] ;

[0100] Among them, t is the coefficient of the Bézier curve, is the sampling point on the continuous second-type segment, is any insertion point located in the middle of the continuous second-type segment, that is, and any insertion point between.

[0101] In an embodiment of the present invention, a quintic Bezier curve is used to adjust the coordinates of the sampling points and the target insertion points on the continuous second-class segment. During the adjustment process, a regularization constraint is introduced to control the curvature change of the curve to avoid the curve from vigorous jitter in complex formation segments. Specifically, an insertion point in the middle of the continuous second-class segment is selected as the target insertion point, and the coordinates of the sampling points and the insertion points are gradually adjusted using the gradient descent method with it as the center until the sum of the squares of the curvature of all sampling points on the entire continuous second-class segment reaches the minimum value. In this way, the best curve fitting result under the regularization constraint can be found.

[0102] In this embodiment, by merging these sections to form a continuous second-class section and introducing regularization constraints to optimize the reconstruction process of the quintic Bezier curve, the smooth drawing and high-resolution display of the gamma curve in the complex formation section are achieved. In this way, not only the adaptability and accuracy of the gamma curve in the complex formation section are improved, but also by increasing the density of data points and introducing regularization constraints, the sudden change of the curve in the complex section is effectively suppressed, and the smoothness and reliability of the curve are further improved. Ultimately, the generated gamma curve can more accurately reflect the lithological characteristics and detailed changes of the formation, provide strong data support for geological guidance and reservoir evaluation, and improve the application efficiency and interpretation accuracy of logging while drilling technology under complex formation conditions.

[0103] Another optional specific implementation is described in detail below.

[0104] In an embodiment of the present invention, a method for processing azimuthal gamma data while drilling based on MWD is proposed to solve the problem that the gamma curve drawn based on azimuthal gamma value while drilling has insufficient smoothness and resolution and is difficult to reflect the detailed characteristics of complex formations.

[0105] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an optional MWD-based while-drilling azimuthal gamma data processing flow according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, the following process is included:

[0106] (1) Data acquisition and preprocessing: The azimuth gamma value (up, down, left, and right), well depth, and drilling speed parameters are collected in real time through the logging while drilling instrument. The collected data are filtered using the Savitzky-Golay filter (window length 5, polynomial order 2) to suppress high-frequency noise. For the filtered data points, the median M and the median absolute difference (MAD) are calculated, and the improved Z-score method is used to eliminate outliers;

[0107] (2) Dynamic interpolation driven by drilling speed: Adjust the interpolation ratio dynamically according to the drilling speed. When the drilling speed ≤ 10 m / h, a fixed interpolation ratio (0.1, 0.9) is adopted; when the drilling speed > 10 m / h, the interpolation ratio is adjusted dynamically according to a preset formula. For the original data points P1 and P2, interpolation points A1 (ratio 0.1 or dynamic value) and A2 (ratio 0.9 or dynamic value) are inserted according to the interpolation ratio;

[0108] (3) Inflection point smoothing optimization: Coordinate transformation is performed on the inserted points A2 (front segment) and A3 (rear segment) to make A2 - P2 - A3 collinear and meet the three - point collinear condition. The displacement vectors of A2 and A3 are calculated through matrix transformation to ensure that the displacement is minimized and the collinear condition is met, realizing the minimum displacement optimization (Y - axis first);

[0109] (4) Bezier curve reconstruction: The data is divided into a smooth segment (gamma gradient ≤ 40 API / m) and a complex segment (gamma gradient > 40 API / m) according to the gamma gradient: Cubic Bezier curves are used for the smooth segment, and for the complex segment, regularization constraints are introduced to suppress curve mutations, and quintic Bezier curves are used;

[0110] (5) Data storage and visualization output: The processed data is stored, and the stored data is visually output to draw a smooth and high - resolution gamma curve.

[0111] In the embodiment of the present invention, through the use of the Savitzky - Golay filter and the improved Z - score method for data pre - processing, the influence of high - frequency noise and outliers is effectively suppressed, and the quality and reliability of the data are improved. By introducing a dynamic interpolation mechanism driven by drilling speed, the interpolation ratio is dynamically adjusted according to the actual drilling situation, so that the drawing effect of the gamma curve can adapt to different drilling speed conditions, improving the adaptability of the curve. Then, the inflection point is smoothed by using the three - point collinear condition and the minimum displacement optimization strategy, effectively solving the problem of discontinuity or serration at the inflection point of the curve and improving the smoothness of the curve. And, different Bezier curve reconstruction strategies are adopted for the smooth segment and the complex segment, inserting more Bezier points in the complex segment, improving the resolution of the curve in the complex formation segment and being able to better reflect the formation detail characteristics. In addition, regularization constraints are introduced for the complex segment, which can suppress the mutation of the curve in the complex formation segment and further improve the smoothness and reliability of the curve.

[0112] The following is a detailed description in combination with another embodiment.

[0113] Embodiment 2

[0114] A kind of MWD - based down - hole azimuth gamma data processing device provided in this embodiment includes multiple implementation units, and each implementation unit corresponds to each implementation step in Embodiment 1 above.

[0115] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an optional MWD-based azimuth gamma data processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 3 shown, the MWD-based azimuth gamma data processing device may include: a collection unit 30, a processing unit 31, a determination unit 32, and a drawing unit 33.

[0116] Among them, the collection unit 30 is used to collect azimuth gamma data, where the azimuth gamma data includes: a plurality of gamma values sorted in time series, and each gamma value is associated with a well depth and a drilling speed;

[0117] The processing unit 31 is used to process the azimuth gamma data to obtain target azimuth gamma data, and based on the well depth associated with each gamma value, determine the coordinates of the sampling points indicated by each target gamma value in the target azimuth gamma data;

[0118] The determination unit 32 is used to determine the coordinates of the insertion points inserted between every two adjacent sampling points based on the drilling speed associated with each sampling point, and perform smoothing processing on each inflection point to adjust the coordinates of each preset insertion point, where the inflection point is any sampling point except the first sampling point and the last sampling point, and the preset insertion point is any insertion point except the first insertion point and the last insertion point;

[0119] The drawing unit 33 is used to draw a gamma curve based on the coordinates of each sampling point and the coordinates of each insertion point by sampling the Bezier curve reconstruction strategy.

[0120] The above MWD-based azimuth gamma data processing device can effectively suppress the influence of high-frequency noise and outliers by processing the collected azimuth gamma data, improve the quality and reliability of the data, and then through the dynamic interpolation strategy driven by the drilling speed, can dynamically adjust the coordinates of the inserted insertion points according to the actual drilling situation, so that the drawing effect of the gamma curve can adapt to different drilling speed conditions, improve the adaptability of the curve, and by performing smoothing processing on the inflection points, can improve the smoothness of the curve. After that, by using the Bezier curve reconstruction strategy to draw the gamma curve, the resolution of the curve in complex formation sections can be improved, thus achieving the technical effect of improving the smoothness and resolution of the gamma curve and better reflecting the detailed characteristics of the formation, and further solving the technical problem of the low smoothness and resolution of the gamma curve drawn in the related art.

[0121] Optionally, the processing unit includes: a first filtering module configured to filter each gamma value to obtain a target gamma value; a first determination module configured to determine a median value and an absolute median difference based on each target gamma value; a second determination module configured to determine an outlier of the target gamma value based on the target gamma value, the median value, and the absolute median difference; and a first rejection module configured to, when the outlier is greater than an outlier threshold, reject the target gamma value corresponding to the outlier from the azimuth gamma data to obtain target azimuth gamma data.

[0122] Optionally, the determination unit includes: a third determination module configured to determine an interpolation ratio between every two adjacent sampling points based on the drilling rate associated with each sampling point; and a fourth determination module configured to determine the coordinates of the inserted points inserted between every two adjacent sampling points based on the interpolation ratio.

[0123] Optionally, the third determination module includes: a first determination sub-module configured to, for every two adjacent sampling points, determine an average drilling rate based on the drilling rates of the two adjacent sampling points; a second determination sub-module configured to, when the average drilling rate is less than or equal to a drilling rate threshold, determine a first preset value as the interpolation ratio; and a third determination sub-module configured to, when the average drilling rate is greater than the drilling rate threshold, determine the minimum value between a second preset value and a third preset value as the interpolation ratio, where the third preset value is a value determined based on the average drilling rate and the drilling rate threshold, and the first preset value is not equal to the second preset value.

[0124] Optionally, the determination unit further includes: a fifth determination module configured to determine each inflection point and its adjacent inserted points as a set of points, where the adjacent inserted points are the previous inserted point and the next inserted point adjacent to the inflection point; a sixth determination module configured to, for each set of points, perform coordinate transformation on the adjacent inserted points in the set of points to make the three points in the set of points collinear, and determine the slope when the three points in the set of points are collinear; and a first adjustment module configured to adjust the ordinate values of the adjacent inserted points based on the slope, the coordinates of the inflection point, and the coordinates of the adjacent inserted points.

[0125] Optionally, the plotting unit includes: a seventh determination module configured to determine a gamma gradient of a sampling segment formed by every two adjacent sampling points based on the target gamma values of the every two adjacent sampling points; an eighth determination module configured to determine the sampling segments with a gamma gradient less than or equal to a gradient threshold as the first type of segments, and determine the sampling segments with a gamma gradient greater than the gradient threshold as the second type of segments; and a second adjustment module configured to adjust the coordinates of each sampling point and each inserted point on the first type of segments using a cubic Bezier curve, and adjust the coordinates of each sampling point and each inserted point on the second type of segments using a quintic Bezier curve to obtain a gamma curve.

[0126] Optionally, the second adjustment module includes: a fourth determination sub-module, configured to determine a continuous preset number of second-type segments as continuous second-type segments; a first connection sub-module, configured to, when the number of continuous second-type segments is greater than 1 and less than the preset number, connect adjacent segments of the continuous second-type segments to the continuous second-type segments to form continuous second-type segments, where an adjacent segment refers to the previous sampling segment or the next sampling segment adjacent to the continuous second-type segment; a second connection sub-module, configured to, when the number of continuous second-type segments is equal to 1, connect the previous sampling segment, the next sampling segment of the second-type segment to the second-type segment to form continuous second-type segments; a fifth determination sub-module, configured to determine the regularization constraint of the continuous second-type segments; a first adjustment sub-module, configured to, based on the regularization constraint, adjust the coordinates of each sampling point and the target insertion point on the continuous second-type segments until the sum of the squares of the curvatures of all sampling points on the continuous second-type segments is minimized, where the target insertion point is any insertion point located in the middle of the continuous second-type segments.

[0127] The above-mentioned while-drilling azimuth gamma data processing device may further include a processor and a memory. The above-mentioned acquisition unit 30, processing unit 31, determination unit 32, drawing unit 33, etc. are all stored in the memory as program units, and the processor executes the above-mentioned program units stored in the memory to implement corresponding functions.

[0128] The above-mentioned processor includes a kernel, and the kernel retrieves the corresponding program unit from the memory. One or more kernels can be set, and by adjusting the kernel parameters, a gamma curve is drawn based on the coordinates of each sampling point and the coordinates of each insertion point, sampling the Bezier curve reconstruction strategy.

[0129] The above-mentioned memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of, for example, read-only memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM), and the memory includes at least one storage chip.

[0130] The present invention also provides a computer program product, which, when executed on a data processing device, is adapted to execute a program initialized with the following method steps: acquiring azimuth gamma data, processing the azimuth gamma data to obtain target azimuth gamma data, determining the coordinates of the sampling points indicated by each target gamma value in the target azimuth gamma data based on the well depth associated with each gamma value, determining the coordinates of the insertion points inserted between every two adjacent sampling points based on the drilling speed associated with each sampling point, and smoothing each inflection point to adjust the coordinates of each preset insertion point, and drawing a gamma curve based on the coordinates of each sampling point and the coordinates of each insertion point, sampling the Bezier curve reconstruction strategy.

[0131] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a computer program product, including a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the MWD-based azimuth gamma data processing method according to any one of the above.

[0132] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided an electronic device, including one or more processors and a memory for storing one or more programs, wherein, when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the above-mentioned MWD-based azimuth gamma data processing method.

[0133] Figure 4 is a hardware structural block diagram of an electronic device (or mobile device) for an MWD-based azimuth gamma data processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 4 shown, the electronic device may include one or more processors (for example, Figure 4 processor 402a, processor 402b,... processor 402n in Figure 4 ), and these processors may include, but are not limited to, data processing devices such as a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA), and a memory 404 for storing data. In addition, it may further include: a display, an input / output interface (I / O interface), a universal serial bus (USB) port (which may be included as one of the ports of the I / O interface), a network interface, a keyboard, a power supply, and / or a camera. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that Figure 4 the structure shown is only schematic and does not limit the structure of the above-mentioned electronic device. For example, the electronic device may further include more or fewer components than Figure 4 shown in Figure 4 or have a different configuration from Figure 4 shown.

[0134] The serial numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are only for description and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0135] The embodiments or examples of the present disclosure are not exhaustive. They are only schematic illustrations of some embodiments or examples and do not constitute specific limitations on the protection scope of the present disclosure. Without conflict, each step in a certain embodiment or example can be implemented as an independent example, and the steps can be combined arbitrarily. For example, a solution obtained by removing some steps in a certain embodiment or example can also be implemented as an independent example, and the order of the steps in a certain embodiment or example can be arbitrarily exchanged. In addition, the optional modes or optional examples in a certain embodiment or example can be combined arbitrarily; furthermore, the various embodiments or examples can be combined arbitrarily. For example, some or all of the steps of different embodiments or examples can be combined arbitrarily, and a certain embodiment or example can be combined arbitrarily with the optional modes or optional examples of other embodiments or examples.

[0136] In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of the various embodiments have their own emphases. For parts not detailed in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0137] In several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. Among them, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units can be a logical function division. In actual implementation, there can be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed couplings or direct couplings or communication connections to each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect couplings or communication connections of the units or modules can be in an electrical or other form.

[0138] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place or distributed to multiple units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0139] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0140] When the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The foregoing storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), mobile hard disks, magnetic disks, or optical discs.

[0141] The foregoing are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for processing azimuthal gamma data while drilling based on MWD, characterized in that: include: Collecting azimuthal gamma data, wherein the azimuthal gamma data comprises: a plurality of gamma values ​​arranged in time series, each gamma value being associated with a well depth and a drilling speed; Processing the azimuth gamma data to obtain target azimuth gamma data, and determining the coordinates of a sampling point indicated by each target gamma value in the target azimuth gamma data based on the well depth associated with each gamma value; Based on the drilling speed associated with each of the sampling points, the coordinates of the insertion points inserted between every two adjacent sampling points are determined, and each inflection point is smoothed to adjust the coordinates of each preset insertion point, wherein the inflection point is any sampling point except the first sampling point and the last sampling point, and the preset insertion point is any insertion point except the first insertion point and the last insertion point; Based on the coordinates of each sampling point and the coordinates of each insertion point, a gamma curve is drawn using a sampled Bezier curve reconstruction strategy.

2. The method for processing azimuth gamma data while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of processing the azimuth gamma data to obtain target azimuth gamma data comprises: Performing filtering on each of the gamma values ​​to obtain the target gamma value; Based on each of the target gamma values, determining a median value and an absolute median difference value; Determining an outlier of the target gamma value based on the target gamma value, the median value, and the absolute median difference value; When the abnormal value is greater than the abnormal threshold, the target gamma value corresponding to the abnormal value is removed from the azimuth gamma data to obtain the target azimuth gamma data.

3. The method for processing azimuth gamma data while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining the coordinates of an insertion point inserted between every two adjacent sampling points based on the drilling speed associated with each sampling point comprises: Determining an interpolation ratio between every two adjacent sampling points based on the drilling speed associated with each sampling point; Based on the interpolation ratio, the coordinates of the insertion point interpolated between every two adjacent sampling points are determined.

4. The method for processing azimuthal gamma data while drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of determining the interpolation ratio between every two adjacent sampling points based on the drilling speed associated with each sampling point comprises: For every two adjacent sampling points, determining an average drilling speed based on the drilling speeds of the two adjacent sampling points; When the average drilling speed is less than or equal to the drilling speed threshold, determining a first preset value as the interpolation ratio; When the average drilling speed is greater than the drilling speed threshold, the minimum value between the second preset value and the third preset value is determined as the interpolation ratio, wherein the third preset value is a value determined based on the average drilling speed and the drilling speed threshold, and the first preset value is not equal to the second preset value.

5. The method for processing azimuth gamma data while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of smoothing each inflection point to adjust the coordinates of each preset insertion point includes: Determine each of the inflection points and the adjacent insertion points of the inflection point as a set of points, wherein the adjacent insertion points are the previous insertion point and the next insertion point adjacent to the inflection point; For each group of the point sets, coordinate transformation is performed on the adjacent insertion points in the point set so that three points in the point set are collinear, and a slope when the three points in the point set are collinear is determined; Based on the slope, the coordinates of the inflection point, and the coordinates of the adjacent insertion point, the ordinate value of the adjacent insertion point is adjusted.

6. The method for processing azimuth gamma data while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the coordinates of each sampling point and the coordinates of each insertion point, the step of drawing a gamma curve by sampling the Bezier curve reconstruction strategy comprises: Determine a gamma gradient of a sampling segment formed by every two adjacent sampling points based on the target gamma values ​​of every two adjacent sampling points; Determine the sampling segment whose gamma gradient is less than or equal to a gradient threshold as a first-category segment, and determine the sampling segment whose gamma gradient is greater than the gradient threshold as a second-category segment; The coordinates of each sampling point and each insertion point on the first type segment are adjusted using a cubic Bezier curve, and the coordinates of each sampling point and each insertion point on the second type segment are adjusted using a quintic Bezier curve to obtain the gamma curve.

7. The method for processing azimuth gamma data while drilling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step of adjusting the coordinates of each sampling point and each insertion point on the second type segment by using a quintic Bezier curve comprises: determining a preset number of consecutive second-category segments as consecutive second-category segments; When the number of the continuous second-category segments is greater than 1 and less than the preset number, the adjacent segments of the continuous second-category segments are connected with the continuous second-category segments to form the continuous second-category segments, wherein the adjacent segments refer to the previous sampling segment or the next sampling segment adjacent to the continuous second-category segments; When the number of the continuous second-category segments is equal to 1, the first sampling segment and the second sampling segment of the second-category segment are connected with the second-category segment to form the continuous second-category segment; determining a regularization constraint for the continuous second class segments; Based on the regularization constraint, the coordinates of each sampling point and the target insertion point on the continuous second-class segment are adjusted until the sum of the squares of the curvatures of all the sampling points on the continuous second-class segment is minimized, wherein the target insertion point is any insertion point located in the middle of the continuous second-class segment.

8. A device for processing azimuth gamma data while drilling based on MWD, characterized in that: include: A collection unit, used for collecting azimuthal gamma data, wherein the azimuthal gamma data comprises: a plurality of gamma values ​​arranged in time series, each of the gamma values ​​being associated with a well depth and a drilling speed; a processing unit, configured to process the azimuth gamma data to obtain target azimuth gamma data, and determine the coordinates of a sampling point indicated by each target gamma value in the target azimuth gamma data based on the well depth associated with each gamma value; a determination unit, configured to determine the coordinates of an insertion point inserted between every two adjacent sampling points based on the drilling speed associated with each sampling point, and to perform smoothing on each inflection point to adjust the coordinates of each preset insertion point, wherein the inflection point is any sampling point other than the first sampling point and the last sampling point, and the preset insertion point is any insertion point other than the first insertion point and the last insertion point; The drawing unit is used to draw a gamma curve by sampling a Bezier curve reconstruction strategy based on the coordinates of each sampling point and the coordinates of each insertion point.

9. A computer program product, characterized in that The invention comprises a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the MWD-based while-drilling azimuthal gamma data processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: It comprises one or more processors and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store one or more programs, wherein when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the MWD-based while-drilling azimuthal gamma data processing method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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