Device and method for protecting coal gangue between large-dip-angle working face frames

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of coal mining equipment, and particularly relates to a large-dip-angle working face inter-frame coal gangue protection device and method, and the device comprises an interception frame, a rolling gangue buffer mechanism, a rigid protection frame mechanism and a shunting seat mechanism; a lower notch used for installing a raw coal conveying belt in a penetrating mode is formed in the middle of the bottom of the intercepting frame, an upper notch used for installing the two rigid protection frame mechanisms is formed in the middle of the top of the intercepting frame, and the outer ends of the two rigid protection frame mechanisms are connected to the two ends of the upper notch in a relatively rotating mode. The inner ends of the two rigid protective frame mechanisms are oppositely connected to the shunting seat mechanism in the middle of the upper notch; the lower end of the front side face of the intercepting frame is oppositely connected with two waste rock rolling buffering mechanisms which are located on the two sides of the lower notch. The intercepting frame and the corresponding buffering and intercepting mechanism are arranged above the raw coal conveying belt, so that the safety risk caused by splashing of rolled waste rocks is effectively prevented, the safety of workers is protected, and the accident rate in the working environment is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of coal mining equipment. Specifically, it relates to a coal and gangue protection device and method for large dip working faces. Background Art

[0002] In China, coal seams are divided into gently inclined, inclined, and steeply inclined categories according to the dip angle. Coal seams with a dip angle in the range of 35 - 55° are called large dip coal seams. Due to their large dip angles, large dip coal seams are recognized as difficult-to-mine coal seams both at home and abroad. The nearly horizontal or gently inclined coal seams with shallow burial depths have been continuously mined for many years, and their coal resources are approaching exhaustion. Therefore, in many areas, coal mining has to shift from coal seams with good geological conditions to complex large dip or steeply inclined coal seams. During the fully mechanized top coal caving mining process of large dip extra-thick coal seams, due to the low strength of the coal seam and the direct roof, and the large dip angle of the coal seam, large pieces of gangue often roll down during the process of the shearer cutting coal downhill, which is likely to cause gangue rolling and flying gangue disasters on the working face, and the safe production of the working face cannot be effectively guaranteed, and safety accidents are likely to occur. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art and propose a coal and gangue protection device and method for large dip working faces.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A coal and gangue protection device for large dip working faces includes: an interception rack, a gangue rolling buffer mechanism, a rigid protection rack mechanism, and a diversion seat mechanism; a lower slot for passing and installing the raw coal conveyor belt is provided in the middle at the bottom of the interception rack, and an upper slot for installing two rigid protection rack mechanisms is provided in the middle at the top of the interception rack. The outer ends of the two rigid protection rack mechanisms are relatively rotatably connected to both ends of the upper slot, and the inner ends of the two rigid protection rack mechanisms are relatively connected to the diversion seat mechanism in the middle of the upper slot; two gangue rolling buffer mechanisms are relatively connected to the lower ends of the front side of the interception rack, and the two gangue rolling buffer mechanisms are located on both sides of the lower slot.

[0005] Preferably, the gangue rolling buffer mechanism includes: a coal and gangue baffle, the coal and gangue baffle is fixed at the front end of a rectangular sliding rod, the middle of the rectangular sliding rod is slidably fitted in the front and rear through holes of the interception rack, and the coal and gangue baffle is connected to the interception rack through a buffer spring sleeved on the rectangular sliding rod; the lower end of a guide falling baffle is rotatably connected to the top of the coal and gangue baffle, and a T-shaped slider is rotatably connected to the hinge shaft at the upper end of the guide falling baffle, and the T-shaped slider is slidably connected to a T-shaped slideway longitudinally arranged on the front side of the interception rack.

[0006] Preferably, a side guide plate inclined towards the lower slot is provided at the inner end of the coal and gangue baffle, and a strengthening sliding frame provided at the rear end of the side guide plate is slidably fitted with a strengthening guide plate provided on the front side of the interception rack.

[0007] Preferably, a clamping block for clamping on the rear side of the intercepting frame is fixedly connected to the rear end of the rectangular sliding rod. A cylindrical ejector rod is provided on the rear side of the clamping block. A limiting support is fixedly connected to the rear side of the intercepting frame. The middle part of the front and rear sliding shaft is slidably connected to the limiting support. A tension spring is fixedly connected between the disc seat at the front end of the front and rear sliding shaft and the limiting support. The distance-adjusting nut threadedly connected to the front and rear sliding shaft is in clamping contact with the rear side of the limiting support. The alarm button provided on the front side of the disc seat is arranged opposite to the cylindrical ejector rod. The annular protective shell fixed on the front side of the disc seat is sleeved outside the alarm button. A guiding port for slidably cooperating with the cylindrical ejector rod is provided on the front side of the annular protective shell.

[0008] Preferably, the rolling gangue buffering mechanism further includes: a cross column fixed on the limiting support, and a piston disc fixed at the front end of the cross column is hermetically slidable in the air storage chamber formed on the rear side of the rectangular sliding rod. The air storage chamber is communicated with an air pipe in the air inlet and outlet hole at the front end of the rectangular sliding rod. The front end of the air pipe is connected and communicated with a plurality of rubber air bags uniformly and circumferentially fixed on the front side of the coal gangue baffle through a plurality of alloy pipes.

[0009] Preferably, the top of the lower notch is communicated with the lifting slideway provided on the intercepting frame. The lower end of the intercepting door panel slidably connected in the lifting slideway is inserted into the lower notch. The lifting slider fixed on the rear side of the intercepting door panel is slidably engaged in the limiting groove on the rear side of the intercepting frame. The bottom of the intercepting door panel is rotatably connected to a first roller shaft. The first roller shaft is connected to a second roller shaft through a conveyor belt. The first roller shaft and the second roller shaft are respectively rotatably connected to both ends of the strengthening frame. The strengthening frame is arranged inside the conveyor belt. The second roller shaft is rotatably connected to the front end of the front and rear sliding frames. The rear end of the front and rear sliding frames is slidably engaged in the transverse slideway of the front and rear sliding seats. A plurality of front and rear springs are fixedly connected between the rear end of the front and rear sliding frames and the inner side of the transverse slideway of the front and rear sliding seats.

[0010] Preferably, the second roller shaft is rotatably connected to the lower end of the central guiding and dropping plate, and the upper end of the central guiding and dropping plate is rotatably connected to the hinge shafts of two rolling gangue buffering mechanisms.

[0011] Preferably, the rigid protective frame mechanism includes: a protective frame body, a rigid protective net is installed inside the protective frame body, and the outer end of the protective frame body is rotatably connected in the upper notch of the intercepting frame; the diversion seat mechanism includes: a central seat fixed in the middle of the upper notch of the intercepting frame, a triangular diversion seat is provided at the front end of the central seat, and the left and right ends of the rear side of the triangular diversion seat are respectively connected to a connecting frame through a plurality of buffer tension springs. The connecting shaft fixed on the connecting frame is inserted into the longitudinal connecting hole at the inner end of the protective frame body.

[0012] Preferably, the large dip angle working face between-frame coal gangue protection equipment further includes: a flexible protective net; the flexible protective net is installed on the rear side of the intercepting frame, and is arranged to shield and cooperate with the rear sides of two rigid protective frame mechanisms for intercepting the coal gangue falling out from the buffer opening between the rigid protective frame mechanism and the diversion seat mechanism.

[0013] A protection method, applicable to the coal and gangue protection equipment between supports in a large dip angle working face, the method comprising the following steps: Install the interception rack at a preset separation area, connect the interception rack to the ground, and make the lower slot cover above the raw coal conveyor belt to form a conveying port between the raw coal conveyor belt and the lower slot; When the falling speed of the rolling gangue is relatively stable, the rolling gangue contacts the rolling gangue buffer mechanism at the lower end of the front side of the interception rack, and the rolling gangue buffer mechanism buffers and intercepts the rolling gangue contacting it; When the falling speed of the rolling gangue is fast and the splashing height is high, the rolling gangue contacts the rigid support frame mechanism, and through the cooperation of the rigid support frame mechanism and the diversion seat mechanism, it is buffered and intercepted; When the interception amount reaches the preset cleaning requirement, clean the intercepted rolling gangue.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the coal and gangue protection equipment and method between supports in a large dip angle working face of the present invention, by arranging an interception rack and corresponding buffer and interception mechanisms above the raw coal conveyor belt, the safety risks caused by the splashing of rolling gangue are effectively prevented, the safety of the staff is protected, and the accident rate in the working environment is reduced; this design can adapt to the falling conditions of rolling gangue at different speeds and heights, and can effectively buffer and intercept regardless of the falling speed of the rolling gangue, and can maintain good performance under different working conditions, with wide applicability; the design of forming a conveying port between the lower slot and the raw coal conveyor belt ensures the normal conveying of coal while being able to intercept the rolling gangue, achieving a double guarantee of production efficiency and safety.

[0015] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present invention and, together with the specification, are used to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the coal and gangue protection equipment between supports in a large dip angle working face provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the coal and gangue protection equipment between supports in a large dip angle working face provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the interception rack provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the rolling gangue buffer mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 5Schematic diagram of the rolling gangue buffer mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 6 Partial sectional view of the rolling gangue buffer mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the rigid guard frame mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the shunt seat mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the intercepting door panel provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the intercepting door panel provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 11 Partial schematic diagram of the intercepting door panel provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Icon: Intercepting frame 100; Rolling gangue buffer mechanism 200; Coal gangue baffle 201; Rectangular slide bar 202; Buffer spring 203; Guiding and falling baffle 204; Hinge shaft 205; T-shaped slider 206; Side guiding plate 207; Reinforcing slide frame 208; Reinforcing guiding plate 209; Clamping block 210; Cylindrical ejector rod 211; Limit support 212; Front and rear slide shafts 213; Disc seat 214; Tension spring 215; Spacing adjusting nut 216; Annular protective shell 217; Cross column 218; Gas storage chamber 219; Air pipe 220; Alloy pipeline 221; Rubber airbag 222; Rigid guard frame mechanism 300; Shunt seat mechanism 400; Central seat 401; Triangular shunt seat 402; Buffer tension spring 403; Connecting frame 404; Connecting shaft 405; Intercepting door panel 500; Lifting slider 501; First roller shaft 502; Conveyor belt 503; Second roller shaft 504; Reinforcing frame 505; Front and rear slide frames 506; Front and rear slide seats 507; Central guiding and falling plate 508; Flexible protective net 600. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] The following description and the accompanying drawings fully disclose specific embodiments herein, enabling those skilled in the art to practice them. Parts and features of some embodiments may be included in or replace parts and features of other embodiments. The scope of the embodiments herein includes the entire scope of the claims and all available equivalents of the claims. In this document, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish one element from another, without requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between these elements. In fact, the first element can also be called the second element, and vice versa. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a structure, device or apparatus comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such structure, device or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising a..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the structure, device or apparatus comprising the element. The embodiments herein are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment highlighting the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0020] In this document, the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this document and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation on the present invention. In the description herein, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", "coupled" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it may be the communication inside two elements. It may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0021] In this document, unless otherwise stated, the term "plurality" means two or more.

[0022] In this document, the character " / " indicates that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B.

[0023] In this document, the term "and / or" is a description of the associated relationship of an object, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A or B, or, A and B.

[0024] Without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0025] The following will further describe the present invention in detail with reference to the Figure 1-11 accompanying drawings.

[0026] Embodiment 1 Please refer to the Figure 1-11 accompanying drawings. As shown, the gangue protection equipment between frames in a large dip angle working face includes: an interception frame 100, a rolling gangue buffer mechanism 200, a rigid protection frame mechanism 300, and a diversion seat mechanism 400; a lower slot for passing and installing a raw coal conveyor belt is provided in the middle of the bottom of the interception frame 100, and an upper slot for installing two rigid protection frame mechanisms 300 is provided in the middle of the top of the interception frame 100. The outer ends of the two rigid protection frame mechanisms 300 are relatively rotatably connected to both ends of the upper slot, and the inner ends of the two rigid protection frame mechanisms 300 are relatively connected to the diversion seat mechanism 400 in the middle of the upper slot; two rolling gangue buffer mechanisms 200 are relatively connected to the lower ends of the front side of the interception frame 100, and the two rolling gangue buffer mechanisms 200 are located on both sides of the lower slot.

[0027] The gangue protection equipment between frames in a large dip angle working face of the present invention includes: an interception frame 100, a rolling gangue buffer mechanism 200, a rigid protection frame mechanism 300, and a diversion seat mechanism 400. When in use, the interception frame 100 is installed at a preset separation area, the interception frame 100 is connected to the ground, and the lower slot is sleeved above the raw coal conveyor belt to form a conveying port between the raw coal conveyor belt and the lower slot; when the falling speed of the rolling gangue is relatively stable, the rolling gangue contacts the rolling gangue buffer mechanism 200 at the lower end of the front side of the interception frame 100, and the rolling gangue buffer mechanism 200 buffers and intercepts the rolling gangue in contact with it; when the falling speed of the rolling gangue is relatively fast and the splashing height is relatively high, the rolling gangue contacts the rigid protection frame mechanism 300, and through the cooperation of the rigid protection frame mechanism 300 and the diversion seat mechanism 400, it is buffered and intercepted; when the interception amount reaches the preset cleaning requirement, the intercepted rolling gangue is cleaned.

[0028] By arranging an interception frame 100, a corresponding rolling gangue buffering mechanism 200 and a rigid guard frame mechanism 300 above the raw coal conveyor belt, the safety risks caused by the splashing of coal and gangue are effectively prevented, the safety of the staff is protected, and the accident rate in the working environment is reduced; this design can adapt to the falling conditions of rolling gangue at different speeds and heights. No matter how fast the rolling gangue falls, it can effectively buffer and intercept, and maintain good performance under different working conditions, with wide applicability; the design of forming a conveying port between the lower slot and the raw coal conveyor belt ensures the normal conveying of coal while being able to intercept rolling gangue, achieving a double guarantee of production efficiency and safety; among them, the rolling gangue buffering mechanism 200 and the rigid guard frame mechanism 300 are replaceable, which is convenient for daily maintenance and replacement, reduces the maintenance cost, and extends the service life of the equipment; it can effectively improve the safety of coal mine work, improve production efficiency, and reduce the maintenance cost.

[0029] Embodiment Two Please refer to the appendix Figure 1-11As shown in the figure, the rolling gangue buffer mechanism 200 includes: a gangue baffle 201, which is fixed to the front end of a rectangular sliding rod 202. The middle part of the rectangular sliding rod 202 is slidably fitted in the front and rear through holes of the interception frame 100. A buffer spring 203 sleeved on the rectangular sliding rod 202 is used to connect the gangue baffle 201 and the interception frame 100; the lower end of a guiding baffle 204 is rotatably connected to the top of the gangue baffle 201. A T-shaped slider 206 is rotatably connected to a hinge shaft 205 rotatably connected to the upper end of the guiding baffle 204. The T-shaped slider 206 is slidably connected to a T-shaped slideway longitudinally arranged on the front side of the interception frame 100. When the falling rolling gangue contacts the gangue baffle 201, an impact force is generated on the gangue baffle 201. The gangue baffle 201 drives the rectangular sliding rod 202 to slide in the front and rear through holes of the interception frame 100, and compresses the buffer spring 203 sleeved on the rectangular sliding rod 202. The buffer spring 203 plays a role in shock absorption and buffering. The buffer spring 203 can absorb part of the impact energy, reduce the damage to the equipment, and protect the structural integrity of the equipment. The lower end of the guiding baffle 204 is rotatably connected to the top of the gangue baffle 201. The guiding baffle 204 is used to pour the gangue impacting on the rigid guard frame mechanism 300, preventing the gangue from falling between the gangue baffle 201 and the interception frame 100 and affecting the subsequent buffering effect. The T-shaped slider 206 is rotatably connected to the hinge shaft 205 rotatably connected to the upper end of the guiding baffle 204. The T-shaped slider 206 is slidably connected to the T-shaped slideway longitudinally arranged on the front side of the interception frame 100, so that when the gangue baffle 201 is impacted, it drives the lower end of the guiding baffle 204 to move in the front and rear directions. The upper end of the guiding baffle 204 drives the T-shaped slider 206 to slide in the T-shaped slideway on the front side of the interception frame 100 through the hinge shaft 205. The guiding baffle 204 can adjust its position according to the movement of the gangue baffle 201, which helps to guide the landing point of the rolling gangue and prevent the rolling gangue from accumulating between the gangue baffle 201 and the interception frame 100, affecting the normal operation of the buffer mechanism; through the above buffer and guiding design, the direct impact of the rolling gangue on the equipment can be reduced, the wear and failure rate of the equipment can be lowered, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the equipment. The effective buffer and guiding design can reduce the rebound and splash of the rolling gangue, create a safer and cleaner working environment, and reduce the risk of workers being injured.

[0030] The inner end of the coal gangue baffle 201 is provided with a side guide plate 207 inclined towards the downward notch direction. The reinforcing sliding frame 208 arranged at the rear end of the side guide plate 207 is in sliding fit with the reinforcing guide plate 209 arranged on the front side of the intercepting frame 100. The side guide plate 207 is inclined towards the downward notch direction, which can effectively guide the raw coal to converge towards the center of the raw coal conveyor belt, avoiding the situation that the raw coal deviates from the center or jams during the conveying process, ensuring that the raw coal can smoothly pass through the downward notch, thereby improving the conveying efficiency; during the conveying process, the raw coal may jam due to accumulation or uneven distribution. Through the guiding effect of the side guide plate 207, the scattered raw coal can be converged to the center position of the conveyor belt, avoiding the problems of jamming and blockage caused by the accumulation of coal gangue at the edge of the conveyor belt; the sliding fit design of the reinforcing sliding frame 208 and the reinforcing guide plate 209 ensures the stability of the coal gangue baffle 201 during movement. Even if the coal gangue baffle 201 moves when impacted by rolling gangue, the reinforcing sliding frame 208 can smoothly slide on the reinforcing guide plate 209, avoiding the situation of structural interference or instability, thereby ensuring the smooth operation of the entire system.

[0031] Embodiment III Please refer to the appendix Figure 1-11As shown in the figure, a clamping block 210 for clamping on the rear side of the intercepting frame 100 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the rectangular slide bar 202, preventing the rectangular slide bar 202 from separating from the intercepting frame 100 and preventing the coal gangue baffle 201 from separating from the intercepting frame 100. A cylindrical ejector rod 211 is provided on the rear side of the clamping block 210. A limit support 212 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the intercepting frame 100. The middle part of the front and rear slide shaft 213 is slidably connected to the limit support 212. A tension spring 215 is fixedly connected between the disc seat 214 at the front end of the front and rear slide shaft 213 and the limit support 212. An adjusting nut 216 threadedly connected to the front and rear slide shaft 213 is in clamping contact with the rear side of the limit support 212; an alarm button provided on the front side of the disc seat 214 is arranged opposite to the cylindrical ejector rod 211. The alarm button is electrically connected to an alarm. An annular protective shell 217 fixed to the front side of the disc seat 214 is sleeved outside the alarm button. A guiding port for slidably cooperating with the cylindrical ejector rod 211 is provided on the front side of the annular protective shell 217. When the impact amplitude on the coal gangue baffle 201 is relatively large, it indicates that the rolled coal gangue is relatively large or numerous, or the quantity of coal gangue reaches a preset amount. At this time, the pressure generated on the coal gangue baffle 201 is relatively large, and the coal gangue baffle 201 drives the rectangular slide bar 202 to slide backward on the intercepting frame 100 by a relatively large distance. When the sliding distance of the rectangular slide bar 202 reaches the preset distance, the cylindrical ejector rod 211 on the rear side of the clamping block 210 driven by the rectangular slide bar 202 is inserted into the guiding port of the annular protective shell 217 and can press on the alarm button provided on the front side of the disc seat 214, thereby giving an alarm; and according to the actual bearing capacity or actual situation of the present invention, the distance between the alarm button and the cylindrical ejector rod 211 can be adjusted so as to activate the alarm in different states. When adjusting the distance between the two, rotate the adjusting nut 216 to change its contact position with the front and rear slide shaft 213, thereby adjusting the relative position of the front and rear slide shaft 213 on the limit support 212 and compressing the tension spring 215 between the disc seat 214 and the limit support 212 to different degrees to meet the actual needs. Through the cooperation of the alarm button and the cylindrical ejector rod 211, when the coal gangue baffle 201 is subjected to an excessive impact, the alarm can be automatically triggered, enabling the operator to promptly know that the equipment may be overloaded or abnormal, thereby taking corresponding measures to prevent accidents; by adjusting the position of the adjusting nut 216, the distance between the alarm button and the cylindrical ejector rod 211 can be changed, and different alarm thresholds can be set according to actual needs, making the system more flexible and adaptable to various working conditions; the addition of the alarm function significantly improves the safety of the system. When the amount of rolling gangue is too large or a large piece of rolling gangue falls, it can timely remind the staff to take measures to avoid equipment damage and personal injury, and through the timely alarm prompt, the shutdown and maintenance caused by equipment overload can be avoided, thereby maintaining the continuity of production. By integrating real-time monitoring and adjustable alarm functions, not only the safety performance of the equipment is improved, but also the adaptability and usability of the system are enhanced, which is of great significance for ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the large dip angle working face.

[0032] The rolling gangue buffer mechanism 200 further includes: a cross column 218 fixed on the limit support 212, and a piston disc fixed at the front end of the cross column 218 is hermetically slid in an air storage chamber 219 formed on the rear side of the rectangular slide bar 202. The air storage chamber 219 is communicated with an air pipe 220 fixed in the air inlet and outlet holes at the front end of the rectangular slide bar 202. The front end of the air pipe 220 is connected and communicated with a plurality of rubber air bags 222 uniformly and circumferentially fixed on the front side of the coal gangue baffle 201 through a plurality of alloy pipes 221.

[0033] Since the position of the cross column 218 fixed on the limit support 212 is fixed, when the rectangular slide bar 202 slides backward, the relative position between the rectangular slide bar 202 and the cross column 218 changes, and the depth of the cross column 218 inserted into the air storage chamber 219 on the rear side of the rectangular slide bar 202 increases, thereby driving the piston disc to slide in the air storage chamber 219, and pressing the gas in the air storage chamber 219 into the rubber air bags 222 through the air pipe 220 and the alloy pipes 221. The elastic characteristics of the rubber air bags 222 can absorb and store impact energy, playing a secondary buffering role. Moreover, after the rubber air bags 222 expand, they have a reaction force on the rolling gangue. When the impact force of the rolling gangue is large, the gas is compressed into the rubber air bags 222, forming a relatively high gas pressure; when the impact force of the rolling gangue decreases, the gas in the rubber air bags 222 will flow back to the air storage chamber 219 through the air pipe 220 and the alloy pipes 221 to realize the release and balance of pressure; through the gas buffering mechanism, the rubber air bags 222 can absorb and store the impact energy of the rolling gangue, further enhancing the buffering effect. Compared with the pure mechanical spring buffering, the gas buffering has stronger energy absorption ability and more stable buffering effect; the elasticity of the rubber air bags 222 can be dynamically adjusted according to the impact force of the rolling gangue. When the impact force of the rolling gangue is large, the air bags will absorb more energy; when the impact force is small, the air bags will rebound and release the stored energy to ensure that the buffer system is always in the best working state; the gas buffering mechanism can effectively reduce the direct impact of the rolling gangue impact on mechanical components, reduce equipment wear and failure rate, and extend the service life of the equipment; through the secondary buffering effect of the gas buffering, the impact of the rolling gangue on the coal gangue baffle 201 and the interception frame 100 can be further reduced, avoiding damage due to excessive impact force; in addition, the setting of the rubber air bags 222 can also reduce the noise during impact, improving the safety and comfort of the working environment.

[0034] Embodiment 4 Please refer to the appendix Figure 1-11As shown, the top of the lower notch is communicated with the lifting slideway arranged on the interception frame 100. The lower end of the interception door panel 500 slidably connected in the lifting slideway is inserted into the lower notch. The lifting slider 501 fixed on the rear side of the interception door panel 500 is slidably matched in the limiting groove on the rear side of the interception frame 100. The bottom of the interception door panel 500 is rotatably connected with a first roller shaft 502. The first roller shaft 502 is connected with a second roller shaft 504 through a conveyor belt 503. The first roller shaft 502 and the second roller shaft 504 are respectively rotatably connected at both ends of a strengthening frame 505. The strengthening frame 505 is arranged inside the conveyor belt 503. The second roller shaft 504 is rotatably connected at the front end of a front and rear sliding frame 506. The rear end of the front and rear sliding frame 506 is slidably matched in the transverse slideway of a front and rear sliding seat 507. A plurality of front and rear springs are fixedly connected between the rear end of the front and rear sliding frame 506 and the inner side surface of the transverse slideway of the front and rear sliding seat 507. The second roller shaft 504 is rotatably connected at the lower end of a central guide and dropping plate 508. The upper end of the central guide and dropping plate 508 is rotatably connected to the hinge shaft 205 of two rolling gangue buffer mechanisms 200.

[0035] The setting of the intercepting door panel 500 enables the opening size of the lower slot to be adjusted adaptively. When the amount of raw coal on the raw coal conveyor belt is large or the volume is large, a top pressure is generated on the guiding conveyor belt 503 and the reinforcing frame 505, causing the guiding conveyor belt 503 and the reinforcing frame 505 to move upward. When the reinforcing frame 505 moves upward, it drives the intercepting door panel 500 to slide upward, making the opening of the lower slot larger. Moreover, the reinforcing frame 505 drives the front and rear sliding frames 506 to move forward in the transverse slideway of the front and rear sliding seats 507 through the second roller shaft 504 and stretches multiple front and rear springs. The second roller shaft 504 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the central coal guiding plate 508, and the upper end of the central coal guiding plate 508 is rotatably connected to the hinge shafts 205 of the two rolling gangue buffer mechanisms 200. The central coal guiding plate 508 is used to guide and drop the coal gangue above it to prevent the coal gangue from falling on the intercepting door panel 500 and above the guiding conveyor belt 503, affecting the use effect. In addition, the guiding conveyor belt 503 cooperates with the raw coal conveyor belt to clamp and convey the raw coal, further improving the stability of the raw coal when passing through the lower slot. In the above solution of the present invention, the intercepting door panel 500 can move up and down by sliding in the lifting slideway, and adaptively adjust the opening size of the lower slot according to the amount and volume of the raw coal. When the amount of raw coal is large or the volume is large, the guiding conveyor belt 503 and the reinforcing frame 505 are subjected to a top pressure, pushing the intercepting door panel 500 to slide upward, making the opening of the lower slot larger, so as to better adapt to different conveying requirements. The guiding conveyor belt 503 cooperates with the raw coal conveyor belt to clamp and convey the raw coal, increasing the stability and controllability of the raw coal when passing through the lower slot, which reduces the swing and scattering of the raw coal during the process of passing through the lower slot and ensures high-efficiency conveying. The adaptive adjustment function of the lower slot can effectively avoid the situation of the raw coal being stuck due to accumulation or oversized pieces. When the amount of raw coal is large, the lower slot automatically becomes larger, reducing the possibility of blockage and ensuring the smoothness of the conveying process. The design of the reinforcing frame 505 and the guiding conveyor belt 503 not only enhances the structural stability of the system, but also can reduce the direct impact of external shocks on the system through the sliding and buffering effects of the springs. The cooperation between the front and rear sliding frames 506 and the front and rear sliding seats 507 enables the system to effectively absorb and disperse energy when subjected to a large impact and maintain the stability of the structure.

[0036] Embodiment 5 Please refer to the appendix Figure 1-11As shown in the figure, the rigid guard frame mechanism 300 includes: a guard frame body, a rigid protective net is installed inside the guard frame body, and the outer end of the guard frame body is rotatably connected to the upper notch of the intercepting frame 100; the shunt seat mechanism 400 includes: a central seat 401 fixed in the middle of the upper notch of the intercepting frame 100, a triangular shunt seat 402 is provided at the front end of the central seat 401, and the left and right ends of the rear side of the triangular shunt seat 402 are respectively connected to a connecting frame 404 through a plurality of buffer springs 403, and a connecting shaft 405 fixed on the connecting frame 404 is inserted into the longitudinal connecting hole at the inner end of the guard frame body. In this solution, a rigid protective net is installed inside the guard frame body to block and disperse the impact of coal gangue. The outer end of the guard frame body is rotatably connected to the upper notch of the intercepting frame 100, allowing it to rotate when impacted. The central seat 401 is fixed in the middle of the upper notch of the intercepting frame 100, and a triangular shunt seat 402 is provided at its front end. The triangular shunt seat 402 is designed to guide the coal gangue hitting it to both sides. The rear side of the triangular shunt seat 402 is connected to the connecting frame 404 through a plurality of buffer springs 403, and the connecting shaft 405 on the connecting frame 404 is inserted into the longitudinal connecting hole inside the guard frame body; when the coal gangue impacts the guard frame body or the rigid protective net, the guard frame body rotates in the upper notch of the intercepting frame 100, and at the same time drives the buffer springs 403 to stretch, generating a buffering effect and absorbing the impact energy; the design of the triangular shunt seat 402 causes the coal gangue hitting it to be guided to both sides, avoiding concentrated impact on a certain part, so as to more evenly disperse the impact force; through the rotation of the guard frame body and the stretching of the buffer springs, the impact force of the coal gangue is effectively dispersed and absorbed, reducing the direct impact on the structure and protecting the safety of equipment and personnel; the combination of the rigid protective net and the guard frame body improves the durability of the overall structure, can withstand a large impact load, and extends the service life of the equipment; the triangular shunt seat 402 guides the coal gangue to both sides, making the coal gangue more evenly distributed on both sides, avoiding local accumulation, and improving the processing efficiency of the coal gangue; the efficient buffering and shunt design reduces the wear and damage of the equipment, reduces the maintenance frequency and cost. By dispersing the impact force and optimizing the flow direction of the coal gangue, the risk of coal gangue splashing is reduced, and the safety of the working environment is improved.

[0037] The described large dip angle working face inter-frame coal gangue protection equipment further includes: a flexible protective net 600; the flexible protective net 600 is installed on the rear side of the intercepting frame 100, covering and cooperating with the rear sides of the two rigid guard frame mechanisms 300, and is used to intercept the coal gangue falling out from the buffer opening between the rigid guard frame mechanism 300 and the shunt seat mechanism 400.

[0038] There may still be a small amount of rolling gangue or smaller coal gangue particles falling through the buffer opening between the rigid guard frame mechanism 300 and the diversion seat mechanism 400. The flexible protective net 600 is installed at the rear side of the interception frame 100, which can effectively intercept the coal gangue falling out of the buffer opening, provide an additional protective layer, prevent the coal gangue from splashing into the working area, and ensure the safety of the staff; the flexible protective net 600 covers the rear sides of the two rigid guard frame mechanisms 300, expands the protection area, ensures the interception of coal gangue that may splash from both sides or the rear, and improves the overall protection effect; the flexible protective net 600 is made of flexible materials, has good ductility and toughness, can absorb part of the impact energy, reduce the rebound and secondary splashing of the coal gangue. Compared with rigid materials, the flexible protective net is less likely to be damaged when being impacted, and can better adapt to different impact angles and forces; in addition, the flexible protective net 600 is easy to install and replace. When the protective net is worn or damaged due to long-term use, it can be conveniently replaced without affecting the operation of the entire protection system, reducing the maintenance cost and time. The coal gangue intercepted by the flexible protective net 600 can be regularly collected and processed, reducing environmental pollution, and at the same time keeping the working environment clean, which is beneficial to safe production and environmental protection. The flexible protective net 600 plays an important auxiliary interception role in the present invention, enhances the overall protection performance, and ensures the safety and efficiency of the working face.

[0039] Embodiment Six Please refer to the attached Figure 1-11 As shown, a protection method is applicable to the large dip angle working face between-frame coal gangue protection equipment, and this method includes the following steps: Install the interception frame 100 at a preset separation area, connect the interception frame 100 to the ground, and make the lower slot cover the upper part of the raw coal conveyor belt, forming a conveying opening between the raw coal conveyor belt and the lower slot; When the falling speed of the rolling gangue is relatively stable, the rolling gangue contacts the rolling gangue buffer mechanism 200 at the lower end of the front side of the interception frame 100, and the rolling gangue buffer mechanism 200 buffers and intercepts the rolling gangue contacting it; When the falling speed of the rolling gangue is fast and the splashing height is high, the rolling gangue contacts the rigid guard frame mechanism 300, and through the cooperation of the rigid guard frame mechanism 300 and the diversion seat mechanism 400, it is buffered and intercepted; When the interception amount reaches the preset cleaning requirement, clean the intercepted rolling gangue.

[0040] In the method of the present invention, by setting an interception frame and corresponding buffer and interception mechanisms above the raw coal conveyor belt, the safety risks caused by the splashing of rolling gangue are effectively prevented, the safety of the staff is protected, and the accident rate in the working environment is reduced; the design of forming a conveying opening between the lower slot and the raw coal conveyor belt ensures the normal conveying of coal while being able to intercept the rolling gangue, achieving a double guarantee of production efficiency and safety.

[0041] The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the various embodiments, reference can be made to each other. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle of this application, several improvements and modifications can be made to this application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

[0042] The present invention is not limited to the structures already described and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present invention is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. Coal gangue protection equipment between frames of large-angle working face, characterized in that: include: An interception frame (100), a rolling rock buffer mechanism (200), a rigid guard frame mechanism (300) and a diverter seat mechanism (400); a lower notch for passing and installing a raw coal conveyor belt is provided in the middle of the bottom of the interception frame (100); an upper notch for installing two rigid guard frame mechanisms (300) is provided in the middle of the top of the interception frame (100); the outer ends of the two rigid guard frame mechanisms (300) are relatively rotatably connected to the two ends of the upper notch; the inner ends of the two rigid guard frame mechanisms (300) are relatively connected to the diverter seat mechanism (400) in the middle of the upper notch; the lower end of the front side surface of the interception frame (100) is relatively connected to the two rolling rock buffer mechanisms (200); the two rolling rock buffer mechanisms (200) are located on both sides of the lower notch.

2. The coal gangue protection equipment between frames of the high-angle working face according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rolling gangue buffer mechanism (200) comprises: a gangue baffle (201), the gangue baffle (201) being fixed to the front end of a rectangular slide bar (202), the middle part of the rectangular slide bar (202) being slidably fitted in the front and rear through holes of the interception frame (100), the gangue baffle (201) and the interception frame (100) being connected via a buffer spring (203) sleeved on the rectangular slide bar (202); the top of the gangue baffle (201) being rotatably connected to the lower end of the guide baffle (204), being rotatably connected to a hinge shaft (205) at the upper end of the guide baffle (204) and being rotatably connected to a T-shaped slide block (206), the T-shaped slide block (206) being slidably connected to a T-shaped slide rail longitudinally arranged on the front side of the interception frame (100).

3. The coal gangue protection equipment between frames of the high-angle working face according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A side guide plate (207) inclined in the direction of the downward notch is provided at the inner end of the gangue baffle (201), and a reinforcing slide frame (208) provided at the rear end of the side guide plate (207) is slidably matched with a reinforcing guide plate (209) provided on the front side of the interception frame (100).

4. The coal gangue protection equipment between frames of the high-angle working face according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A block (210) for being clamped on the rear side of the intercepting frame (100) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the rectangular sliding rod (202); a cylindrical top rod (211) is provided on the rear side of the block (210); a limit support (212) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the intercepting frame (100); the limit support (212) is slidably connected to the middle part of the front and rear sliding shafts (213); a tension spring (214) is fixedly connected between the front end of the front and rear sliding shafts (213) and the limit support (212). 215), a spacing nut (216) threadedly connected to the front and rear sliding shafts (213) is snap-fitted on the rear side of the limit support (212); an alarm button arranged on the front side of the disc seat (214) is arranged opposite to the cylindrical top rod (211), an annular protective shell (217) on the front side of the fixed disc seat (214) is sleeved on the outside of the alarm button, and a guide opening is provided on the front side of the annular protective shell (217) for slidingly fitting with the cylindrical top rod (211).

5. The coal gangue protection equipment between frames of the high-angle working face according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The gangue buffer mechanism (200) further comprises: a horizontal column (218) fixed on the limit support (212); a piston disc fixed on the front end of the horizontal column (218) seals and slides in an air storage chamber (219) opened on the rear side of the rectangular slide bar (202); the air storage chamber (219) is connected to an air pipe (220) in an air inlet and outlet hole fixed on the front end of the rectangular slide bar (202); and the front end of the air pipe (220) is connected and connected to a plurality of rubber air bags (222) uniformly surrounding and fixed on the front side of the gangue baffle (201) through a plurality of alloy pipes (221).

6. The coal gangue protection equipment between frames of the high-angle working face according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The top of the lower notch is communicated with a lifting slideway provided on the interception frame (100); the lower end of the interception door panel (500) slidably connected in the lifting slideway is inserted into the lower notch; the lifting slider (501) fixed to the rear side of the interception door panel (500) is slidably fitted in the limiting groove on the rear side of the interception frame (100); the bottom of the interception door panel (500) is rotatably connected to the first roller (502); the first roller (502) is connected to the second roller (504) via a guide belt (503) The first roller (502) and the second roller (504) are rotatably connected to the two ends of the reinforcing frame (505), respectively. The reinforcing frame (505) is arranged on the inner side of the guide belt (503). The second roller (504) is rotatably connected to the front end of the front and rear slides (506). The rear ends of the front and rear slides (506) are slidably matched in the transverse slideways of the front and rear slide seats (507). A plurality of front and rear springs are fixedly connected between the rear ends of the front and rear slides (506) and the inner side surfaces of the transverse slideways of the front and rear slide seats (507).

7. The coal gangue protection equipment between frames of the high-angle working face according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The second roller shaft (504) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the central guide plate (508), and the upper end of the central guide plate (508) is rotatably connected to the hinge shafts (205) of the two rolling rock buffer mechanisms (200).

8. The coal gangue protection equipment between frames of the high-angle working face according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The rigid guard frame mechanism (300) comprises: a guard frame body, a rigid protective net is installed on the inner side of the guard frame body, and the outer end of the guard frame body is rotatably connected to the upper notch of the interception frame (100); the diverter seat mechanism (400) comprises: a center seat (401) fixed in the middle of the upper notch of the interception frame (100), a triangular diverter seat (402) is provided at the front end of the center seat (401), the left and right ends of the rear side surface of the triangular diverter seat (402) are respectively connected to the connecting frame (404) through a plurality of buffer tension springs (403), and a connecting shaft (405) fixed on the connecting frame (404) is inserted into the longitudinal connecting hole at the inner end of the guard frame body.

9. The coal gangue protection equipment between frames of the high-angle working face according to claim 8 is characterized in that: Also includes: A flexible protective net (600); the flexible protective net (600) is installed on the rear side of the interception frame (100), shielding and matching the rear sides of the two rigid protective frame mechanisms (300), and is used to intercept coal gangue falling from the buffer opening between the rigid protective frame mechanism (300) and the diverter seat mechanism (400).

10. A protection method, applicable to the coal gangue protection equipment between frames of a high-angle working face as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Installing the interception frame (100) at a preset separation area, connecting the interception frame (100) to the ground, and sleeve the lower notch above the raw coal conveyor belt to form a conveying port between the raw coal conveyor belt and the lower notch; When the rolling waste falls at a relatively stable speed, the rolling waste contacts the rolling waste buffer mechanism (200) at the lower end of the front side surface of the interception frame (100), and the rolling waste buffer mechanism (200) buffers and intercepts the rolling waste in contact with the rolling waste; When the rolling waste falls at a high speed and splashes at a high height, the rolling waste contacts the rigid guard frame mechanism (300) and is buffered and intercepted through the cooperation of the rigid guard frame mechanism (300) and the diverter seat mechanism (400); When the intercepted amount reaches the preset cleaning requirement, the intercepted rolling gangue is cleaned.

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