Thin vein residual ore partition rock drilling alternate operation one-time blasting stoping method

Abstract

The invention discloses a thin vein residual ore partition rock drilling alternate operation one-time blasting stoping method. The method relates to the technical field of ore extraction and comprises the following steps that S1, a stope is arranged, and the stope is divided into a two-step stope; s3, top and bottom columns of the first-step stope are subjected to one-time blasting stoping, and ore removal is completed; s4, before stoping of the second-step stopes, cemented filling is conducted on the first-step stopes on the two sides; s5, one-time blasting stoping is conducted on top and bottom studs of the second-step stope, and filling ore removal is completed; according to the mine common ore pillar recovery scheme, after goaf filling is completed, the intermediate pillars and the top pillars are stoped, the stoping mode is layered stoping, the stoping efficiency is low, the main stoping operation time of the one-time blasting residual ore resource stoping method is rock drilling and ore removal, and the stoping efficiency is remarkably improved; and meanwhile, the worker is located in the vein-following roadway for construction operation, does not enter the stress concentration ore pillar for layered stoping and does not perform bottom operation of the filling body, so that the stoping safety is effectively ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ore mining, and in particular to a method for primary blasting and stoping of thin ore vein residual ore by sectional rock drilling and alternate operation. Background Art

[0002] When a large number of domestic mines carry out the mining of thin ore veins, the shrinkage stoping method is generally adopted for stoping, and raise development is carried out. After the stoping of the ore room, a framework structure of top pillar, bottom pillar and barrier pillar is left, and the stope recovery rate only reaches about 75%.

[0003] The common ore pillar recovery plan in mines is mainly to recover the barrier pillar and top pillar after the goaf filling is completed. The stoping method is stratified stoping, with low stoping efficiency, a large amount of off-vein engineering needs to be constructed, high strength requirements for the stope filling body, and high stoping cost; at the same time, since the bottom pillar is at the bottom of the filling body, the top and bottom barrier pillars are subjected to long-term stress concentration damage, and the safety during the stoping process cannot be guaranteed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to improve the operation safety, the present application provides a method for primary blasting and stoping of thin ore vein residual ore by sectional rock drilling and alternate operation.

[0005] The present application provides a method for primary blasting and stoping of thin ore vein residual ore by sectional rock drilling and alternate operation, and adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for primary blasting and stoping of thin ore vein residual ore by sectional rock drilling and alternate operation includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. Stope layout: The stope is mined in two steps. The first-step stope is the top and bottom pillars of the goaf, and the second-step stope is the top and bottom barrier pillars of the goaf.

[0008] S2. Development and cutting engineering: The stope access drift and ore-drawing drift are constructed from the off-vein drift along the vein.

[0009] S3. Primary blasting and stoping of the top and bottom pillars of the first-step stope, and ore drawing is completed.

[0010] S4. Before the stoping of the second-step stope, the two sides of the first-step stope are filled with cement, and the bottom goaf is also filled with cement.

[0011] S5. Primary blasting and stoping of the top and bottom barrier pillars of the first-step stope, and filling and out-of-frame are completed.

[0012] Optionally, in step S2, fresh air flows into the stope working face from the crosscut at the middle level and the access drift, and the polluted air is extracted by the local fan to the off-vein drift along the vein.

[0013] Optionally, in step S3, upward fan-shaped medium-deep holes are constructed using the in-vein drift at the bottom of the stope, and the bottom pillar is recovered by primary blasting with the goaf, funnel and drift along the vein as free surfaces.

[0014] Downward holes are constructed in the vein tunnels along the upper and middle sections of the vein, and the goaf is used as the free surface for one-time blasting to recover the top pillar of the goaf.

[0015] Optionally, the strength of the filling body in the first-step stope is greater than 2.0 MPa, and the strength of the filling body in the second-step stope is greater than 0.5 MPa.

[0016] Optionally, in step S5, the second step recovers the adjacent stope of the first step, and uses the lane along the vein in the bottom vein of the stope to construct upward fan-shaped medium-deep holes, and uses the goaf and the funnel as free surfaces to blast and recover the bottom pillar at one time;

[0017] Use the tunnel along the vein in the upper middle section to construct downward holes, and use the goaf as the free surface to blast and recover the top pillar of the goaf in one go;

[0018] Downward deep holes are constructed along the vein tunnels in the upper and middle sections, and the goaf is used as the free surface to recover the intermediate pillars.

[0019] Optionally, in steps S3 and S5, the spacing of the upward fan-shaped medium-deep holes is 1.4 to 1.6 m, and the distance from the hole bottom is 1.6 to 1.8 m; the depth of the downward holes is adjusted according to the three-dimensional detection results of the goaf, and the hole depth is 0.8 to 1.5 m less than the thickness of the top column.

[0020] Optionally, in step S5, pillar mining is performed: downward deep holes are constructed in the upper and middle pillars along the vein tunnel. Taking into account the influence of the skylight connecting road and the thin thickness of the ore body, deep holes are arranged in a row in the upper and lower plates of the pillars, with a hole spacing of 2.5 to 3.0 m; and a blasting is carried out with the goaf and the skylight as free surfaces.

[0021] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0022] (1) High security

[0023] The staff are located in the vein tunnels for construction and work. They do not enter the stress-concentrated pillars for layered mining, and do not carry out operations at the bottom of the filling body, which effectively ensures mining safety.

[0024] (2) Low mining cost

[0025] The residual ore resources in steeply inclined thin veins are of low value. The use of a one-time blasting method to recover the residual ore resources can effectively reduce the amount of mining work and the strength of the filling body, and effectively reduce the recovery cost.

[0026] (3) High recovery efficiency

[0027] The commonly used pillar recovery scheme in mines is to recover the intermediate pillars and top pillars after the goaf is filled. The recovery method is layered recovery, and the recovery efficiency is low. The one-time blasting residual ore resource recovery method uses the main recovery operation time of rock drilling and mining, and the recovery efficiency is significantly improved. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 is a mining plan drawing for one-step back mining of the top and bottom pillars;

[0029] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a sectional view taken along A-A in

[0030] Figure 3 is a mining plan drawing for two-step back mining of the top and bottom intermediate pillars;

[0031] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a sectional view taken along B-B in

[0032] Figure 5 is a drilling hole layout plan drawing for back mining the top pillar with downward holes;

[0033] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a sectional view taken along C-C in

[0034] Figure 7 is a drilling hole layout plan drawing for back mining the bottom pillar with upward holes;

[0035] Figure 8 is Figure 7 a sectional view taken along D-D in

[0036] Figure 9 is a drilling hole layout plan drawing for back mining the intermediate pillar with downward long holes;

[0037] Figure 10 is Figure 9 a sectional view taken along E-E in

[0038] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0039] 1. Top pillar; 2. Bottom pillar; 3. Intermediate pillar; 4. Crosscut outside the vein; 5. Shaft; 6. Ore-drawing roadway; 7. Filling body; 8. Goaf; 9. Blasthole; 10. Connecting roadway; 11. Filling retaining wall; 12. Drifting roadway. Detailed Implementation Manner

[0040] The following further elaborates on this application in conjunction with the attached Figure 1-10 drawings for a more detailed description.

[0041] In a gold mine in Xinjiang, China, the ore body is a steeply inclined thin ore vein. The surrounding rock conditions of the ore are moderately stable or above. There are a large number of gob areas 8 in the shallow part of the mine, and a large number of ore pillars such as the top and bottom pillars 2 and the middle pillar 3 are retained in the gob areas 8. The design adopts a method of recovering residual ore resources by sectional drilling, alternate operation, and one-time blasting. The ore pillars in adjacent gob areas 8 are divided into two steps for mining. First, the top and bottom pillars 2 of the gob area 8 in the first step are mined, and then the top and bottom pillars 2 and the middle pillar 3 of the gob area 8 in the second step are mined to achieve the purpose of full resource recovery.

[0042] The embodiment of the present application discloses a method for mining residual ore in a thin ore vein by sectional drilling, alternate operation, and one-time blasting. The method includes the following steps:

[0043] S1. Stope layout: The stope is mined in two steps. The stope in the first step is the top and bottom pillars 2 of the gob area 8, and the stope in the second step is the top, bottom, and middle pillars 3 of the gob area 8.

[0044] S2. Development and cutting engineering: The stope access road 10 and the ore-drawing drift are constructed from the crosscut along the vein outside the ore body. Fresh air flows from the crosscut in the middle section and the connecting roadway into the stope working face, and the polluted air is extracted by the local fan to the crosscut along the vein outside the ore body.

[0045] S3. One-time blasting to mine the top and bottom pillars 2 of the stope in the first step: In step S3, upward fan-shaped medium-deep holes are drilled using the crosscut along the vein at the bottom of the stope, and the bottom pillar 2 is recovered by one-time blasting with the gob area 8, the funnel, and the crosscut along the vein as the free surface.

[0046] Downward holes are drilled using the crosscut along the vein in the upper middle section, and the top pillar 1 of the gob area 8 is recovered by one-time blasting with the gob area 8 as the free surface; and the ore drawing is completed.

[0047] The row spacing of the upward fan-shaped medium-deep holes is 1.4 - 1.6 m, the hole bottom spacing is 1.6 - 1.8 m, and the hole depth of the downward holes is adjusted according to the three-dimensional detection results of the gob area 8, and the hole depth is 0.8 - 1.5 m less than the thickness of the top pillar 1.

[0048] S4. Before the mining of the stope in the second step, the stope in the first step on both sides is filled with cement, and the bottom gob area 8 is also filled with cement.

[0049] During filling, the drilling roadway 12 and the drilling chamber are supported by bolt-net, and at the same time, reasonable blasting parameters and blasting technology are explored during the test to reduce the damage of blasting operations to the ore body and the filling body 7; the strength of the filling body 7 in the stope in the first step needs to be greater than 2.0 MPa.

[0050] S5. One-time blasting to mine the top, bottom, and middle pillars 3 of the stope in the second step: In the second step of mining the adjacent stope in the first step, upward fan-shaped medium-deep holes are drilled using the crosscut along the vein at the bottom of the stope, and the bottom pillar 2 is recovered by one-time blasting with the gob area 8 and the funnel as the free surface.

[0051] The downward holes are constructed by using the drift along the vein in the upper and middle sections, and the top pillar 1 of the goaf 8 is recovered by one-time blasting with the goaf 8 as the free surface.

[0052] The row spacing of the upward fan-shaped medium-deep holes is 1.4 - 1.6 m, and the hole bottom spacing is 1.6 - 1.8 m. The depth of the downward holes is adjusted according to the three-dimensional detection results of the goaf 8, and the hole depth is 0.8 - 1.5 m less than the thickness of the top pillar 1.

[0053] Mining of the intermediate pillar 3: Downward deep holes are constructed in the drift along the vein of the intermediate pillar 3 in the upper and middle sections. Considering the influence of the raise access drift 10 and the relatively thin ore body thickness, one row of deep holes is arranged on each of the hanging wall and footwall of the intermediate pillar 3, and the hole spacing is 2.5 - 3.0 m; One-time blasting is carried out with the goaf 8 and the raise as the free surfaces; And the filling and ore drawing are completed, and the strength of the filling body 7 in the second-step stope is greater than 0.5 MPa.

[0054] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereby. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application shall be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for recovering residual ore by alternating rock drilling in thin ore veins and one-shot blasting, characterized in that The steps include: S1. Stope layout. The stope is divided into two-step stopes. The first-step stope is the top and bottom pillars of the goaf, and the second-step stope is the top and bottom intermediate pillars of the goaf; S2, mining and cutting engineering, construction of mining field connection road and mine access road along the vein roadway outside the vein; S3, one-time blasting to recover the top and bottom pillars of the stope and complete the mining; S4. Before the second-step stope is mined, the first-step stopes on both sides are cemented and filled, and the bottom goaf is also cemented and filled; S5. Use one-time blasting to remove the top and bottom pillars of the two-step mining area and complete the filling and mining.

2. The method for recovering residual ore by alternating rock drilling in thin ore veins and one-shot blasting according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step S2, fresh air flows into the working face of the mining area from the middle transport tunnel and the connecting tunnel, and polluted air is extracted by local fans to the tunnels along the vein outside the vein.

3. The method for recovering residual ore by alternating rock drilling and single blasting in thin ore veins according to claim 2 is characterized by: In step S3, upward fan-shaped medium-deep holes are constructed in the vein-along-vein tunnels at the bottom of the stope, and the bottom pillars are recovered by blasting at one time with the goaf, the funnel, and the vein-along tunnels as free surfaces; Downward holes are constructed in the vein tunnels along the upper and middle sections of the vein, and the goaf is used as the free surface for one-time blasting to recover the top pillar of the goaf.

4. The method for recovering residual ore by alternating rock drilling in thin ore veins and one-shot blasting according to claim 3 is characterized by: The strength of the filling body in the first-step stope is greater than 2.0MPa, and the strength of the filling body in the second-step stope is greater than 0.5MPa.

5. The method for recovering residual ore by alternating rock drilling in thin-veined zoning and one-shot blasting according to claim 4 is characterized by: In step S5, the second step recovers the adjacent stope of the first step, and uses the roadway along the vein in the bottom vein of the stope to construct upward fan-shaped medium-deep holes, and uses the goaf and the funnel as the free surface to blast and recover the bottom pillar at one time; Use the tunnel along the vein in the upper middle section to construct downward holes, and use the goaf as the free surface to blast and recover the top pillar of the goaf in one go; Downward deep holes are constructed along the vein tunnels in the upper and middle sections, and the goaf is used as the free surface to recover the intermediate pillars.

6. The method for recovering residual ore by alternating rock drilling in thin ore veins and one-shot blasting according to claim 5, characterized in that: In steps S3 and S5, the spacing of the upward fan-shaped medium-deep holes is 1.4 to 1.6 m, and the distance from the hole bottom is 1.6 to 1.8 m; the depth of the downward holes is adjusted according to the three-dimensional detection results of the goaf, and the hole depth is 0.8 to 1.5 m less than the thickness of the top column.

7. The method for recovering residual ore by alternating rock drilling and single blasting in thin veins according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S5, the pillars are mined: downward deep holes are constructed in the upper and middle pillars along the vein tunnel. Considering the influence of the skylight connecting road and the thin thickness of the ore body, deep holes are arranged in a row in the upper and lower plates of the pillars, with a hole spacing of 2.5 to 3.0 m; a blasting is carried out with the goaf and the skylight as free surfaces.

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