Method and manufacturing system

Abstract

The invention relates to a method comprising the following steps: carrying out a rolling test on a toothed component; and performing a tooth measurement on at least a subset of the toothed members; wherein the measurement requirement and range of the tooth measurement are determined in a component-specific manner as a function of the results of the rolling test. The invention also relates to a manufacturing system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method having method steps of performing a rolling test on a toothed component and performing a tooth measurement on at least one subset of the toothed component. The present invention also relates to a manufacturing system. Background Art

[0002] In modern motor vehicles that are partially or fully driven by an electric motor, the transmission noise is no longer masked by the noise of the internal combustion engine during the driving operation using the electric motor. Therefore, the transmission noise can be heard more clearly and may be perceived as disturbing by vehicle passengers.

[0003] It is known that all manufactured tooth parts are subjected to a rolling test or a noise test on a rolling test bench. If the tooth part noise is significant, a tooth measurement of the relevant tooth part is performed on a coordinate measuring machine or a tooth measurement machine. In addition, tooth parts are randomly measured on the tooth measurement machine.

[0004] The time-limiting factor of the above approach is the measurement duration of the tooth measurement machine, which is usually a purely tactile operation. The measurement of relevant tooth part parameters, including the analysis of fluctuations important for the noise characteristics, takes up to 20 minutes depending on the component geometry by means of the tactile measurement system of the tooth measurement machine. Obviously, based on this measurement duration, not all components can be tactilely measured within the scope of mass production.

[0005] Hybrid tooth measurement machines use both optical measurement devices and tactile measurement devices for coordinate measurement. Although the use of optical measurement devices reduces the measurement time compared to a purely tactile measurement system, the complete measurement of all relevant parameters always requires significantly more measurement time than the measurement time preset by the cycle of the gear cutting machine. The terms "measurement time" and "measurement duration" are used synonymously herein.

[0006] Despite the above challenges regarding the measurement duration, there is always a requirement for further improving the quality control of the tooth part noise characteristics. This can be achieved, for example, by increasing the measurement range, i.e., the number of parameters measured on the tooth part, and also by increasing the sampling range, i.e., the number of tooth parts measured, more precisely, up to measuring all manufactured tooth parts.

[0007] If a tactile tooth measurement system is used for tooth measurement, the measurement duration is further significantly increased by the above measures. Even when using a hybrid tooth measuring machine, it is not the goal for all manufactured tooth measurements. Therefore, the measurement duration for the parameters "tooth pitch", "profile", "tooth flank", and "fluctuation", including the detection of auxiliary parameters (such as axial position, etc.) and the assembly of the hybrid tooth measuring machine, is approximately 2 - 3 minutes. However, the machine cycle partially presets an available measurement duration of less than 60 seconds. That is to say, although hybrid measurement can cause a significant saving in measurement duration, this measurement duration is still far from the machine cycle. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In this context, the technical problem underlying the present invention is to provide a method for machining toothed components that enables improved noise control. In addition, a manufacturing system should be provided.

[0009] The above technical problems are solved by the features of the independent claims respectively. Further design options of the present invention are obtained from the dependent claims and the following description.

[0010] According to the present invention, a method is provided, which includes the method steps of: performing a rolling test on a toothed component and performing a tooth measurement on at least one subset of the toothed component. The method is characterized in that the measurement requirements and scope of the tooth measurement are determined component - specifically according to the results of the rolling test.

[0011] That is to say, for the relevant component, first, according to the results of the rolling test of the component, it is determined whether to measure the component by means of tooth measurement, that is, to determine the measurement requirements. Therefore, the determination of the measurement requirements is to decide whether, where the component is either handed over to tooth measurement or not handed over to tooth measurement.

[0012] As long as there are measurement requirements, the determination of the scope of the tooth measurement particularly involves the determination of the parameters to be measured at the component (such as tooth pitch, concentricity, etc.). Because the applicant's research has shown that the determined, dynamically significant or dynamically deviated tooth parts measured by means of the rolling test are assigned to the determined geometric deviations of the tooth parts. Therefore, the term "scope" here does not mean the dimension in the sense of the geometric scope of the component, but rather the specification or combination of the test features to be measured or the parameters measured on the component, that is, the measurement task.

[0013] If, for example, the rolling test shows that the dynamic significance of the tooth flank is not caused by the undulation of the tooth surface but by the pitch error, time-consuming undulation measurements can be omitted for the relevant components. In other words, those geometric parameters can be identified based on the results of the rolling test and the measurement tasks can be specifically limited to these geometric parameters for the component, which are relevant for the significant dynamic deviations of the tooth flank.

[0014] Overall, the measurement duration can thus be reduced because for each component for which there is a measurement requirement, only the component-specific measurement range is carried out in the tooth flank measurement.

[0015] It can thus be stipulated that a complete set of measurement parameters is defined for the tooth flank of the component to be manufactured, which set of measurement parameters includes the sum of those parameters for the tooth flank measurement that cover all relevant geometric deviations for the tooth flank, such as the parameters: pitch, concentricity, runout, tooth flank shape, profile shape, angular deviations in the profile direction and tooth flank direction, tooth thickness deviation, surface undulation or topography deviation, etc.

[0016] Furthermore, it can be stipulated that the set of measurement parameters is selected specifically for the component, which set of measurement parameters is a selection or subset of the complete set of measurement parameters, where at least one or more parameters of the complete set of measurement parameters are not part of the component-specifically determined set of measurement parameters. In this way, each component can be measured with the shortest possible measurement duration as required, where only the component-specifically necessary parameters are measured.

[0017] In other words, the measurement tasks for the tooth flank measurement can be specifically optimized for the component by means of the results of the rolling test of the component. In particular, the measurement tasks for the tooth flank measurement can be reduced specifically for the component based on the complete set of measurement parameters.

[0018] Here, the term "complete set of measurement parameters" is only introduced for easier understanding. Thus, for example, each tooth flank measuring machine has a specific functional range that can be used for each tooth flank to be measured. Thus, even without defining the "complete set of measurement parameters", it is easy to specifically match the measurement range for the component, in which a specific selection is made for the component from the available functional range of the tooth flank measuring machine. In this way, a component-specific measurement range is also obtained, in which, for the first component, a pitch measurement without undulation measurement is carried out based on the rolling test, for example, while for the second component, an undulation measurement is carried out based on the rolling test. The definition of the pool of determined parameters (which parameters may be meaningful for the tooth flank measurement and can then be specifically selected from them) can thus be carried out preparatorily as a method step, but is by no means necessary for the implementation or execution of the method according to the invention.

[0019] It can be stipulated that a rolling test is performed on each component. In this case, the rolling test is called a 100% test. That is to say, each component undergoes a rolling test after its hard finishing.

[0020] According to the design of this method, it is stipulated that the number of components for which the rolling test is performed is greater than the number of components for which the tooth measurement is performed. Therefore, the tooth measurement is not a 100% test. That is to say, not every component undergoes a tooth measurement after its hard finishing.

[0021] It can be stipulated that for components whose rolling test results meet the preset quality requirements of the rolling test, there is no measurement requirement and no tooth measurement is performed, and for components whose rolling test results do not meet the preset measurement requirements of the rolling test, there is a measurement requirement and a tooth measurement is performed.

[0022] According to the design of this method, it is stipulated that the deviation obtained by means of the rolling test is provided as an order spectrum, wherein each order and / or order range of the order spectrum is assigned a test characteristic of the tooth part, such as concentricity error; wobble; tooth pitch error of the first order and / or higher orders; surface waviness, error of tooth surface shape, etc.

[0023] Here, the order is especially defined in a known manner as a multiple of the rotational speed. Order analysis should be understood as the analysis of the rotational frequency and its multiples, wherein the order spectrum is taken as the result of such order analysis. In other words, here it especially involves the conversion of frequency analysis from the time plane to the rotational plane. The first order especially corresponds to the rotational frequency during the rolling test, the second order corresponds to twice the rotational frequency of the rolling test, etc. For example, the order spectrum can be related to the rotational speed or rotational frequency of the toothed component, the rotational speed or rotational frequency of the main gear, the tooth meshing frequency, etc. Therefore, the order spectra can be converted into each other without losing information.

[0024] It can be stipulated that those test characteristics or parameters to be measured of the tooth part measured in the tooth measurement are obtained specifically for the component according to the main order of the order spectrum.

[0025] According to the design of this method, it is stipulated that the correction requirement for specific test characteristics or parameters to be measured is inferred especially by means of the main order, so that it is possible to infer the existence of specific tooth part errors from the rolling test, especially the existence of specific geometric tooth part errors.

[0026] It can be stipulated that no tooth measurement is performed for those test characteristics or parameters to be measured for which the main frequency is not obtained in the rolling test.

[0027] The quality requirements of the rolling test can have absolute or relative limit values for the amplitude of one or more frequencies of the order spectrum.

[0028] It can be stipulated that the first range of the order spectrum is an indicator for the first tooth flank deviation, and the second range of the order spectrum is an indicator for a second tooth flank deviation different from the first tooth flank deviation, wherein the orders belonging to the first range are less than the orders belonging to the second range, and the significance of the orders in the first range triggers the measurement requirement for the first tooth flank deviation, and the significance of the orders in the second range triggers the measurement requirement for the second tooth flank deviation.

[0029] According to the design of the method, it can be stipulated that the first range of the order spectrum is an indicator for the pitch error, and the second range of the order spectrum is an indicator for the fluctuating deviation, wherein the orders belonging to the first range are less than the orders belonging to the second range, and the significance of the orders in the first range triggers the measurement requirement for pitch measurement, and the significance of the orders in the second range triggers the measurement requirement for fluctuation.

[0030] It can be stipulated that a single order of the order spectrum is an indicator for the tooth flank deviation assigned to this single order, and another single order of the order spectrum is an indicator for another second tooth flank deviation different from the first tooth flank deviation and assigned to this other single order, wherein the one single order is different from the other single order, and the significance of the one single order triggers the measurement requirement for the tooth flank deviation assigned to this order, and the significance of the other single order triggers the measurement requirement for the other tooth flank deviation assigned to this other single order.

[0031] According to the design of the method, it is stipulated that the correction of the hard finishing is determined based on the results of the rolling test and / or the results of the tooth flank measurement. Here, it can be known that so-called methods are involved, wherein, based on the measured deviation of the tooth flank, correction values for, for example, the axial position or the feed rate of the hard finishing method are determined in order to compensate for the measured deviation.

[0032] It can be stipulated that for the respective components, an end-of-line test is carried out using an end-of-line test bench after the tooth flank measurement, wherein the end-of-line test bench is in particular a transmission test bench, or for each component, an end-of-line test of the tooth flank is carried out using an end-of-line test bench after the rolling test and without a previous tooth flank measurement. It can be stipulated that each tooth flank is supplied to the end-of-line test bench and tested on the end-of-line test bench. Therefore, it can be said that it is a 100% test for the end-of-line test bench in particular.

[0033] The rolling test is not an end-of-line test, but a separate method step independent of the end-of-line test, which is carried out on a separate rolling test bench independent of the end-of-line test bench.

[0034] For example, a rolling test is different from a final test because during the rolling test, the toothed part to be tested is not installed in the transmission housing. In contrast, the toothed part to be tested is installed in the transmission housing during the final test in order to detect the state of complete installation of the toothed part to be tested, in particular having a corresponding mating wheel which, together with the toothed part to be tested, is constructed in the state of complete installation. This results in a further difference between the final test and the rolling test because the toothed part to be tested rolls with the main gear during the rolling test and does not roll with the actually constructed toothed part in the state of complete installation.

[0035] It can be provided that the toothed component is subjected to hard finishing before the rolling test, wherein the hard finishing is carried out by means of a gear cutting machine.

[0036] Hard finishing can be a method of cutting using geometrically undefined cutting edges.

[0037] Hard finishing can be a grinding method. Hard finishing can be a single-pass grinding method or a continuous-pass grinding method. Hard finishing can be roll grinding or form grinding. The grinding tool for grinding can be a grinding worm or a grinding disk. The grinding tool for grinding can be a grinding tool that can be dressed or can be a grinding tool that cannot be dressed. Hard finishing can preferably be continuous roll grinding using a dressable grinding worm.

[0038] Hard finishing can be tooth honing.

[0039] Hard finishing can be tooth lapping.

[0040] Hard finishing can have one or more processing steps selected from the steps of "grinding", "honing" or "lapping".

[0041] The gear cutting machine can be a gear grinding machine. The gear grinding machine can have a dressing mechanism which has a dresser for dressing a dressable grinding tool.

[0042] The gear cutting machine can be a tooth lapping machine tool.

[0043] The gear cutting machine can be a tooth honing machine tool.

[0044] According to an embodiment of the method, the rolling test is carried out by means of a test bench for the rolling test.

[0045] The result of the rolling test can have a rotational error analysis.

[0046] The rolling test can be a single flank rolling test. The test bench for the rolling test can be a test bench for a single flank rolling test.

[0047] The single flank rolling test is characterized in that there is a fixed axial distance between the tooth part to be tested and the main gear of the test bench that rolls together with the tooth part to be tested. The main gear and the tooth part to be tested are in single flank contact with each other during the test. It can be stipulated that the tooth part test piece to be tested is rotationally driven by means of a motor. The main gear is particularly braked accordingly by means of another motor in order to set the test torque and the test speed or to set the test torque curve and the speed curve. A rotational acceleration sensor and an incremental angle measuring system can be arranged on the drive shaft of the tooth part to be tested. The geometric deviations of the tooth part to be tested generate measurable errors in the rotational transmission and the rotational acceleration. In addition, vibration sensors can be used.

[0048] As a result of the single flank rolling test, for example, the following can be given: concentricity, rolling deviation, concentricity error, tooth-to-tooth amplitude, maximum rolling deviation, transmission error and dynamic clearance, noise characteristics, surface defects.

[0049] The rolling test can be a double flank rolling test. The test bench for the rolling test can be a test bench for the double flank rolling test. The double flank rolling test is characterized in that there is a variable axial distance between the tooth part to be tested and the main gear of the test bench that rolls together with the tooth part to be tested. The main gear and the tooth part to be tested are in double flank contact with each other during the test. Therefore, a force is applied in order to, for example, squeeze the main gear supported on an axially movable shaft into double flank contact with the tooth part to be tested with a defined force. The geometric deviations of the tooth part to be tested generate a measurable axial displacement of the shaft of the main gear held on the test slide. For measurement, displacement sensors, rotary encoders, accelerometers and vibration sensors can be used.

[0050] As a result of the double flank rolling test, for example, the following can be given: axial distance, concentricity, rolling jump, rolling deviation, two-ball measurement, noise characteristics.

[0051] According to a design of the method, it is stipulated that the tooth part measurement is carried out by means of a coordinate measuring machine. The coordinate measuring machine can be a tooth part measuring machine.

[0052] Methods of rolling tests with rotational error analysis or in particular methods with single flank rolling tests and double flank rolling tests are state of the art and are well known. The core of the present invention is not the rolling test or the single flank rolling test or the double flank rolling test, but rather the use of the results of such rolling tests, in particular the results of single flank rolling tests or double flank rolling tests, in order to determine component-specific measurement requirements and measurement ranges for tooth flank measurements. The present invention thus relates in particular to measurement carried out under rolling test control, where the term "rolling test control" relates to the identification of measurement requirements and measurement ranges, while the measurement process itself is not controlled by the rolling test. It can thus also be described as a tooth flank measurement triggered by the rolling test, since the results of the rolling test trigger component-specific measurements in the process chain or the measurement requirements and measurement ranges for component-specific tooth flank measurements are determined with the aid of the results of the rolling test.

[0053] The tooth flank measuring machine can have a rotary table for receiving the tooth flank to be measured and for rotating it about the axis of rotation of the tooth flank.

[0054] The tooth flank measuring machine can have a tactile measuring device. The tactile measuring device can have a measuring head with a probe ball, which is arranged to be in contact with the tooth flank to be measured. The tactile measuring device can have a plurality of interchangeable measuring heads, where each measuring head has a probe ball of a different diameter. The tactile measuring device can operate according to a measuring principle or according to a switching principle.

[0055] The tooth flank measuring machine can have an optical measuring device. The optical measuring device can be an optical distance sensor, such as a confocal color sensor, a laser distance measurement system, etc.

[0056] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a manufacturing system having a rolling test stand for carrying out a rolling test on a toothed component; a tooth flank measuring machine for measuring the toothed component; and a control device, which is arranged to control the manufacturing system to carry out the method according to the present invention.

[0057] The manufacturing system can have a gear cutting machine for hard finishing the toothed component. Description of the drawings

[0058] The present invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of the drawings showing embodiments. It is schematically shown respectively:

[0059] Figure 1 A flow chart showing the method according to the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 The results of the rolling test;

[0061] Figure 3 The tooth flank measuring machine;

[0062] Figure 4 Pitch measurement is shown;

[0063] Figure 5 Tooth flank measurement, profile measurement, and waviness measurement are shown;

[0064] Figure 6 A gear cutting machine for gear grinding is shown;

[0065] Figure 7 Finish hard machining shown as continuous plunge grinding using a dressable grinding worm;

[0066] Figure 8 A test bench for single-tooth flank rolling tests is shown;

[0067] Figure 9 A test bench for double-tooth flank rolling tests is shown;

[0068] Figure 10 A final test bench is shown;

[0069] Figure 11 A manufacturing system according to the present invention is shown. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0070] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method according to the present invention is shown. The process according to Figure 1 is repeated for each toothed component to be machined in mass production according to the present invention and is described below by way of example and schematically for a toothed component.

[0071] According to the present invention, in method step (A), the toothed component is first finish hard machined.

[0072] The toothed component supplied to method step (A) before finish hard machining has in particular been pre-cut and hardened.

[0073] Pre-cutting can be carried out, for example, by milling, in particular by helical milling. It is understood that according to alternative embodiments, other methods can also be used for pre-cutting, in particular methods of cutting using geometrically defined cutting edges, such as turning, etc.

[0074] In method step (B), the toothed component is subjected to a rolling test after finish hard machining. Based on the results of the rolling test, the measurement requirements and scope for tooth measurement of the toothed component are determined specifically for the component.

[0075] If the rolling test according to method step (B) has shown that there is a measurement requirement, then in method step (C), the toothed component is subjected to tooth measurement more precisely according to the scope determined within the rolling test.

[0076] After the tooth measurement, the toothed component is supplied to the end test according to method step (D).

[0077] If method step (B) has already shown that no measurement is required, the tooth measurement is not performed on the toothed component. Instead, the toothed component is directly supplied to the end test according to method step (D) after the running test. The end test can be omitted according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.

[0078] As can be seen from Figure 1 the flow chart, the running test is performed on each toothed component. In addition, the end test is performed on each toothed component. However, not every toothed component is supplied to the tooth measurement.

[0079] As already mentioned at the beginning herein, the tooth measurement is a time - concentrated process step of the method steps shown. For this reason, it is first decided with the aid of the result of the running test whether the toothed component actually has to be subjected to a tooth measurement and, if so, in which range this tooth measurement has to be carried out, that is to say which test features or which parameters to be measured have to be detected at the toothed component by means of the tooth measurement.

[0080] Therefore, in mass production with a process according to Figure 1 it is especially provided that the number of toothed components for which the running test is performed is greater than the number of toothed components for which the tooth measurement is performed.

[0081] Figure 2 Exemplarily and schematically, the results of the running test according to method step (B) are shown. Here, the measured rotational error is plotted in μrad against the order. Here, the order is defined in a known manner as a multiple of the rotational speed. Order analysis should be understood as the analysis of the rotational frequency and its multiples. In other words, here it especially involves the conversion of the frequency analysis from the time plane to the rotational plane. The first order corresponds to the rotational frequency during the running test, the second order corresponds to twice the rotational frequency of the running test, etc. Therefore, the deviations determined by means of the running test are provided as an order spectrum, more precisely with orders corresponding to multiples of the rotational frequency during the running test. Here, test features or geometric deviations of the tooth flank of the toothed component can be assigned to the individual orders or order ranges of this order spectrum.

[0082] The significance of the running test occurring in order range I is, for example, attributable to the pitch error of the tooth flank of the toothed component. Order range I extends, for example, from the first order to approximately the 160th order.

[0083] The significance of the running test occurring in order range II is, for example, attributable to the deviation of the profile or tooth surface of the tooth flank of the toothed component. Order range II extends, for example, from approximately the 160th order until the 430th order.

[0084] The significance of the rolling test occurring in order range III is attributable, for example, to the undulation of the flank of the tooth of the toothed component. Order range III extends, for example, from the 290th order up to beyond the 500th order.

[0085] The values stated for the extension of the order range are only to be understood as exemplary in order to illustrate the process according to the invention.

[0086] In order to give a first example here for the evaluation of the component-specific order spectrum, it is assumed that the significance or the main order of the first component only occurs in order range I, while the amplitudes of the orders in ranges II and III are completely insignificant for this first component. It can be deduced therefrom that, for this first component, for example, it is not necessary to time-consumingly measure the undulation of the flank, since the main order determined within the scope of the rolling test clearly indicates the pitch error and there is no question of deviation in the range of undulation.

[0087] There is thus a measurement requirement for this first toothed component, since the main order indicating the pitch error in order range I has been determined. The relevant tooth of the first component must therefore be in accordance with method step (C). However, the measurement range for this relevant first component can, for example, be restricted to pitch measurement, since based on the results of the rolling test, no significance regarding the undulation of the flank can be expected, for example.

[0088] However, for a second example of the analysis of the order spectrum of a second toothed component, it may occur that the main order occurs not only in order range I but also in order range III, the main order indicating a deviation regarding the pitch and indicating a critical undulation of the surface of the flank. There is thus also a measurement requirement that can be determined for this second component by order analysis, i.e., the tooth of this second toothed component must be measured. In this case, the measurement range is expanded compared to the first component described above, since in addition to pitch measurement, the undulation of the flank of the second component must also be measured.

[0089] As long as a measurement requirement has been determined, the measurement range can thus be defined component-specifically by determining which geometric deviations of the tooth of the relevant component cause the relevant main order according to the analysis of the order spectrum.

[0090] In addition to the above-mentioned order ranges I, II, and III, individual orders can also be assigned to specifically determined test characteristics or determined geometric deviations of the relevant tooth.

[0091] Therefore, the concentricity error of the tooth part is described according to the first order of the order spectrum of the rolling test, where the assigned rotational error of the first order is represented by IV here. The second order of the order spectrum of the rolling test corresponds to the wobbling of the tooth part, where the assigned rotational error of the second order is represented by V here.

[0092] The order represented by VI ranges from the third order of the rolling test to the first tooth engagement order, where the main order within this order range indicates the periodically occurring pitch error.

[0093] Assign to the order range marked by VII those orders of the rolling test that are not assigned to the meshing frequency or its harmonics or harmonic sidewalls, where these orders can also be generally referred to as ghost orders.

[0094] Some tooth engagement orders according to the first, second, third, and fourth tooth engagement orders are represented by VIII here.

[0095] The ranges related to the sidebands of the harmonic meshing frequency are each represented by IX, and these sidebands are modulated by the periodic pitch deviation.

[0096] The tooth engagement orders according to the fifth or higher tooth engagement orders are represented by X and are generally attributed to the surface waviness of the tooth flank.

[0097] Therefore, it can be seen that some information on the geometric deviations of the tooth part of the relevant toothed component can already be derived from the analysis of the order spectrum of the rolling test. According to the present invention, the measurement requirements for the rolling test control are now determined based on this information, that is, the time-consuming measurement of the tooth part geometry is limited to the actually necessary measurements.

[0098] In addition, this also means that as long as no significance that may require tooth part measurement occurs for the relevant tooth part of the toothed component within the range of the rolling test, the tooth part measurement is not performed.

[0099] The analysis of the order spectrum of the rolling test can be based on preset quality requirements or quality characteristics. For example, absolute or relative limit values of the amplitude of the rotational error can be preset for the order range and / or for each order, where exceeding the relevant limit value triggers the measurement requirement for the corresponding assigned test characteristic.

[0100] Specifically, for example, it can be stipulated that the rotational error of the first order is allowed to be at most 20 μrad or at most 40 μrad or at most 60 μrad within the range of the rolling test. If this value is exceeded, as is the case in the example shown according to Figure 2 then there is a measurement requirement for pitch and concentricity.

[0101] For the rotational error of the second order, i.e., the wobbling, such a limit value for the permissible rotational error can be lower. For example, it can be stipulated that the rotational error of the second order can be at most 10 μrad or 20 μrad, such that there is a measurement requirement for the Figure 2 example shown in

[0102] since the rotational error of the second order is approximately 55 μrad here.

[0103] Such a limit value can also be defined relatively, where, for example, a ratio of rotational errors of different orders can be formed, or the rotational error for a certain order can be standardized and compared with the limit value defined with respect to the standardized rotational error.

[0104] The order exceeding the preset limit value can also be referred to as the main order of the order spectrum. Alternatively, it can also be said that if the analysis of the order spectrum of the rolling test yields an exceedance of the preset limit value, the determined order or order range is significant or has significance.

[0105] Based on the results of the rolling test and / or the results of the tooth flank measurement, the correction of the hard finishing can be determined. These corrections can include, for example, the corrected axial movement or the axial movement correction value for the hard finishing, or can also include the correction for determining manufacturing parameters, such as the feed depth, feed rate, etc.

[0106] Figure 3 A tooth flank measuring machine 100 for tooth flank measurement is shown. The component BT is next shown partly as a helical tooth flank and partly as a straight tooth flank. The component BT is just a placeholder for any type of toothed component. It can be understood that the method according to the invention can be applied independently of the tooth shape or the specific design of the toothed component.

[0107] The tooth flank measuring machine 100 is a coordinate measuring machine, which has a rotary table 102 for accommodating the component BT and for rotationally driving the component about the rotation axis C. The tooth flank measuring machine 100 has an optical measuring device 104 for optical tooth flank measurement and a tactile measuring device 108 with a measuring head 110 for tactile tooth flank measurement. Thus, the tooth flank measuring machine 100 can be called a hybrid coordinate measuring machine, since it enables not only tactile measurement but also optical measurement.

[0108] As long as a measurement requirement is determined according to the rolling test, the corresponding tooth flank measurement is carried out, for example, on the Figure 3 tooth flank measuring machine 100 shown.

[0109] Figure 4 Exemplarily and schematically shows the measurement of the pitch P on the toothed member BT. Here, the tooth flank F of the member BT is measured by means of an optical measuring device 104 or by means of a tactile measuring device 108. The measurement of the pitch P is carried out in particular at the height of the pitch circle T of the toothed member BT.

[0110] Figure 5 Exemplarily and schematically shows a member BT configured as a helical tooth part. To detect fluctuations, a measuring grating G is defined along the width B and the height H to detect the entire tooth flank F. The measuring grating G determined in this way is traversed by means of tactile measurement or by means of optical measurement in order to detect measurement points corresponding to the measuring grating on the tooth flank. The result of this measurement of the fluctuations is shown exemplarily and schematically on the right in Figure 5 where the deviations are plotted over the height and width of the relevant tooth flank.

[0111] Figure 6 Exemplarily and schematically shows a gear cutting machine 200 for tooth grinding. The gear cutting machine 200 has a workpiece spindle for accommodating the workpiece BT to be machined and a tool spindle 204 for holding the grinding tool, where the grinding tool 206 is configured here as a dressable grinding worm. It is known that the gear cutting machine 200 has controlled machine axes to implement the relative movement for the grinding of the toothed member BT. The corresponding degrees of freedom of movement or machine axes are designated here by X, Y, Z, A, B and C, where the axes C2 and B2 are assigned to a dressing device 208 for dressing the grinding tool 206. The axis Z1 is used for clamping the corrugated member.

[0112] Figure 7 Exemplarily and schematically shows the dressable grinding worm 206 during the grinding of the toothed member BT.

[0113] Figure 8 Exemplarily and schematically shows a test bench 300 for single-tooth-flank rolling tests. The test bench 300 has a master gear 302 which is in tooth engagement with the toothed member BT to be tested for rolling. The axial distance a1 between the shaft 303 carrying the master gear 302 and the shaft 308 carrying the toothed member BT is constant here. Furthermore, such a device or rolling test machine is known which is suitable not only for single-tooth-flank rolling tests but also for double-tooth-flank rolling tests, for example the rolling test machine sold by the applicant under the name R300. Such a machine is thus suitable, for example, for single-tooth-flank rolling tests, structure-borne sound and rotational acceleration tests as well as double-tooth-flank rolling tests.

[0114] For testing the torque and rotational speed of the toothed component BT, they are set via the drives 310 and 306. The measured values are detected by means of the sensors 304, 312, 314, and 316, which can be angle sensors, rotational acceleration sensors, and vibration or noise sensors.

[0115] Figure 9 Exemplarily and schematically, a test bench 400 for double flank rolling testing is shown. The main gear 410 is accommodated on the shaft 416, wherein the shaft 416 is supported by an adjustable slide 404, which can move relative to the support structure 402. The main gear is elastically preloaded and pressed in the direction of the toothed component BT in order to produce a defined abutment in the double flank contact between the main gear 410 and the toothed component BT. Currently, the axial distance a2 between the shaft 416 and the shaft 412 (on which the toothed component BT is held) is variable. The shaft 412 is assigned a drive 414 for rotationally driving the shaft 412. In addition, sensors 406, 408 are provided to measure the change in the axial distance a2. The reference numeral 28 represents a further sensor 28, which can perform angle measurements and / or rotational acceleration measurements and / or vibration measurements.

[0116] Figure 10 Exemplarily and schematically, a final test bench 500 is shown, wherein the toothed component BT is installed in the transmission housing 502, and for both the toothed component BT and the corresponding mating wheel 512, support parts 508, 510 corresponding to the installation state are provided. Drives 504 and 506 are provided for setting the desired rotational speed and torque in order to test the toothed component BT. It can be stipulated that the transmission housing and the toothed component 512 or the mating wheel 512 are part of an actually delivered transmission. Alternatively, the housing 512 can merely be a housing that is structurally identical to the housing in which the relevant toothed component BT is accommodated in the installed state. This also applies to the assigned mating wheel 512. The final test bench 500 can also be referred to as a transmission test bench.

[0117] Figure 11 Exemplarily and schematically, a manufacturing system 600 is shown, which has a gear cutting machine 200 for hard finishing the toothed component BT, a rolling test bench 300 or 400 for rolling testing the toothed component BT, a tooth measuring machine 100 for measuring the toothed component BT, and a final test bench 500. The manufacturing system 600 also has a control device 602, wherein the control device is set up to control the manufacturing system 600 to perform the method according to the invention described above.

[0118] Therefore, by means of the control device 602, it is automatically determined whether there is a measurement requirement after the rolling test of the toothed component. Thus, as long as there is a measurement requirement, the toothed component BT is supplied to the tooth measuring machine 100 and measured there within a component-specifically defined range, or as long as there is no measurement requirement, the toothed component can be directly supplied to the final test bench 500 after the rolling test.

[0119] The result of the tooth measurement carried out by means of the tooth measuring machine 100 can be used to obtain a correction for the tooth grinding machine 200. Similarly, the correction for the tooth grinding machine can be determined based on the result of the rolling test.

Claims

1. A method comprising the steps of: Rolling tests on toothed components; and performing tooth measurements on at least a subset of the toothed members; It is characterized in that The measurement requirements and scope of the toothing measurement are determined in a component-specific manner based on the results of the rolling test.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rolling test was performed on each toothed member.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The number of toothed components for which the rolling test is performed is greater than the number of toothed components for which the tooth measurement is performed.

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that For toothed components whose results of the rolling test meet the preset quality requirements of the rolling test, there is no measurement requirement and no tooth measurement is performed, and For toothed components whose results of the rolling test do not meet the predefined quality requirements of the rolling test, there is a need for measurement and tooth measurement is performed.

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The deviations determined with the aid of the rolling test are provided as an order spectrum, wherein the orders and / or order ranges of the order spectrum are assigned test characteristics of the toothing, such as concentricity errors; wobble; first-order and / or higher-order pitch errors; surface undulations, errors in tooth flank shape, etc.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that A test feature of the toothing measured during the toothing measurement is ascertained in a component-specific manner as a function of the main orders of the order spectrum.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that No toothing measurement is performed for test features for which no main order was ascertained in the rolling test.

8. The method according to claim 4 and claim 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that The quality requirements of the rolling test have absolute or relative limit values ​​for the amplitudes of one or more orders of the order spectrum.

9. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that A first range of the order spectrum is an indicator for a first tooth deviation, and a second range of the order spectrum is an indicator for a second tooth deviation different from the first tooth deviation, wherein the orders belonging to the first range are smaller than the orders belonging to the second range, and the significance of the orders in the first range triggers a need for measurement of the first tooth deviation, and the significance of the orders in the second range triggers a need for measurement of the second tooth deviation, in particular, A first range of the order spectrum is an indicator for a pitch error and a second range of the order spectrum is an indicator for a deviation of the volatility, wherein the orders belonging to the first range are smaller than the orders belonging to the second range, and the significance of the orders in the first range triggers a measurement requirement for a pitch measurement and the significance of the orders in the second range triggers a measurement requirement for the volatility; and / or An individual order of the order spectrum is an indicator for a tooth deviation assigned to the individual order, and another individual order of the order spectrum is an indicator for a second additional tooth deviation that is different from the first tooth deviation and is assigned to the other individual order, wherein the individual order is different from the other individual order and the significance of the individual order triggers a measurement requirement for the tooth deviation assigned to the order, and the significance of the other individual order triggers a measurement requirement for the additional tooth deviation assigned to the other individual order.

10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that A correction for hard finishing is determined as a function of the results of the rolling test and / or the results of the tooth measurement.

11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that After the toothing measurement, a final test is performed on the corresponding toothed component by means of a final test bench, wherein the final test bench is in particular a transmission test bench, or For the respective toothed components, a final test of the toothing is carried out after the rolling test and without a previous toothing measurement using the final test bench.

12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that performing the rolling test with the aid of a test bench for the rolling test; and The toothing measurement is performed using a coordinate measuring machine.

13. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that Prior to the rolling test, the toothed component is hard finished, wherein the hard finishing is performed by means of a gear cutting machine.

14. A manufacturing system, comprising: Rolling test bench for rolling tests on toothed components; Gear measuring machines for measuring toothed components; A control device configured to control the manufacturing system to perform a method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 13.

15. The manufacturing system according to claim 14, characterized in that Gear cutting machines for hard finishing of toothed components.

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