A cooling device for a power battery in a passenger vehicle and its usage method

Abstract

This invention discloses a heat dissipation device for a power battery in a passenger vehicle and its usage method, comprising: an upper reinforcing frame, a lower reinforcing frame, an upper protective shell, and a lower protective shell, wherein the upper and lower reinforcing frames are matched with each other, and the upper and lower protective shells are matched with each other; a movable platform for moving an external heat dissipation component, which is located on one side of the outer wall of the movable platform; wherein the external heat dissipation component includes a drive frame, a traction rod, a liquid cooling plate, a guide rail, a guide assembly, a moving groove, support wheels, and an adjustment assembly. The external heat dissipation component moves flexibly via the movable platform, ensuring that the liquid cooling plate is precisely aligned with the gaps in the battery pack for efficient heat dissipation; an internal heat dissipation protection assembly provides all-round protection for the battery cells, while the cooling plate provides initial heat dissipation; the combination of the guide assembly and the adjustment assembly improves the moving accuracy and stability of the heat dissipation component; the usage method is clear and easy to operate, and can quickly respond to the heat dissipation needs during fast charging, ensuring the safe operation of the battery pack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power battery heat dissipation technology, specifically a power battery heat dissipation device for buses and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Bus power batteries are one of the core components of electric vehicles, converting electrical energy into the kinetic energy needed for the vehicle to drive the motor. The following is a detailed analysis of bus power batteries: There are many types of bus power batteries, mainly including lithium iron phosphate batteries, ternary polymer lithium batteries, and nickel-metal hydride batteries. Lithium iron phosphate batteries: Advantages: High energy density, good safety, long cycle life, and environmentally friendly. Their chemical properties are very stable, and they will not spontaneously combust or explode, making them suitable for the bus market. Disadvantages: Compared to other types of batteries, their energy density may be slightly lower, but it is still continuously improving. Ternary polymer lithium batteries: Advantages: Higher energy density and superior cycle performance, suitable for the passenger car market. Disadvantages: The cost may be relatively high, and there may be certain safety risks under high temperature or extreme conditions. Nickel-metal hydride batteries: Advantages: High reliability and long lifespan. Disadvantages: Low energy density, gradually being phased out. Bus power batteries typically consist of a battery box (large box, small box), a high-voltage box, thermal management accessories, and high-voltage and low-voltage wiring harnesses. Among them, the battery box is the main carrier of the power battery, used to protect and fix the cells; the high voltage box is responsible for the voltage control and protection of the battery pack; the thermal management accessories are used to ensure that the battery pack operates within a suitable temperature range; and the high voltage and low voltage wiring harnesses are responsible for the electrical connection between the battery pack and external equipment.

[0003] Existing bus power batteries do indeed face a series of thermal management challenges during fast charging. The following is a detailed description of these issues: The curb weight of the bus power battery is a crucial consideration. Since buses need to carry passengers and cargo, the curb weight of the power battery is limited, directly impacting the design and performance of the thermal control device. Within this limited weight, the thermal control device needs to balance lightweight design with efficient heat dissipation, making its design and manufacturing more complex. To ensure the safety of the power battery during fast charging, the thermal management system needs to strictly control the charging voltage and current. When the battery temperature rises, to avoid the risk of thermal runaway, the system typically reduces the charging power, thereby limiting… The limitations imposed on charging speed and efficiency not only affect the passenger travel experience but may also lead to longer charging times and reduced energy utilization. During fast charging, the power battery generates a large amount of heat. Due to the sealing and structural limitations of the battery pack, this heat can easily accumulate inside the battery pack, causing the battery temperature to rise. High temperatures not only affect the battery's performance and lifespan but may also trigger safety risks such as thermal runaway. During fast charging, although the vehicle is stationary, due to the sealing and safety requirements of the power battery, it is usually impossible to directly use external equipment for auxiliary heat dissipation. This makes the heat dissipation of the battery pack mainly rely on internal thermal control devices and heat dissipation structures, further increasing the difficulty and cost of heat dissipation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A power battery cooling device for passenger vehicles, comprising:

[0005] The upper reinforcing frame, the lower reinforcing frame, the upper protective shell, and the lower protective shell are matched with each other.

[0006] Mobile platform, used to move peripheral heat dissipation components;

[0007] An external heat dissipation assembly is located on one side of the outer wall of the mobile platform. The external heat dissipation assembly includes a drive frame, a traction rod, a liquid cooling plate, a guide rail, a guide component, a moving groove, a support wheel, and an adjustment component. The drive frame is rotatably inserted into the top of the outer wall of the mobile platform. The traction rod is slidably disposed at the top of the outer wall of the drive frame. The moving groove is opened at the top axis of the traction rod on the outer wall. The guide rail is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the outer wall of the lower reinforcing frame. The support wheel is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the moving groove. The support wheel matches the recessed groove at the bottom of the outer wall of the liquid cooling plate. The guide component is located on the outer wall of the drive frame, and the adjustment component is located at the bottom of the outer wall of the traction rod.

[0008] An internal heat dissipation protection assembly is installed on the outer walls of the upper and lower protective shells. This assembly includes a limiting slide rail, a release cylinder, a cooling plate, a sealing cover, side plates, a side frame, a battery cell, a sliding sleeve, and a protective shell. The limiting slide rail is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the side frame. The release cylinder is fixedly installed at the edge of the outer wall of the upper protective shell, and its output end is fixedly installed at the edge of the outer wall of the lower protective shell. The sliding sleeve is fixedly installed at the top edge of the outer wall of the lower reinforcing frame and slidably fitted onto the outer wall of the limiting slide rail. The side plates are spaced and embedded in the inner wall of the battery cell. The protective shell is wrapped around the outer wall of the battery cell. The sealing cover is embedded at the top of the inner wall of the protective shell and fits against the top of the outer wall of the battery cell. The cooling plate is fitted onto both sides of the outer wall of the protective shell. The space formed by the upper and lower protective shells matches the protective shell.

[0009] Furthermore, the guiding assembly includes a traction head, a guide rod, and a support spring.

[0010] Furthermore, the traction head is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one end of the traction rod, the guide rod is rotatably inserted into both sides of the outer wall of the traction head, one end of the support spring is fixedly installed on both sides of the outer wall of the traction head, and the other end of the support spring is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the guide rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the traction head and the guide rail are matched with each other, the bottom axis of the outer wall of the traction head is raised, and the bottom of the outer wall of the guide rail is provided with a traction groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes a moving motor, a lead screw, a driven gear ring, a driving gear, an angle motor, and a lifting hydraulic rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the mobile motor is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of one end of the drive frame, the lead screw is fixedly mounted at the center of the outer wall of the output end of the mobile motor, and the lead screw is threadedly connected to the opening on the outer wall of the traction rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the driven gear ring is sleeved on the bottom protruding end of the outer wall of the traction rod, the driving gear is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the output end of the angle motor, the driven gear ring and the driving gear are meshed and connected, and the angle motor is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the traction rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom end of the lifting hydraulic rod is rotatably inserted into the top of the outer wall of the moving platform, and the top end of the lifting hydraulic rod is rotatably inserted into the center of the bottom of the outer wall of the traction rod.

[0016] Furthermore, the liquid cooling plate is connected to an external cooling circulation device via a flexible hose, and the liquid cooling plate, the upper protective shell, and the lower protective shell are matched with each other.

[0017] A method of using a power battery cooling device for a passenger vehicle, applied to any one of the power battery cooling devices for a passenger vehicle described above, includes the following steps:

[0018] S1. First, the bus equipped with the power battery is moved to the charging station to complete the inspection of the upper reinforcing frame, lower reinforcing frame, upper protective shell and lower protective shell, and to confirm that there is no interference or deformation.

[0019] S2. The moving stage is aligned with the upper and lower protective shells. Then the release cylinder is activated, causing the lower reinforcing frame to slowly descend through the sliding sleeve under the action of the limiting slide rail. At this time, the lower reinforcing frame drives the lower protective shell to slowly descend, creating a gap between the sides of the upper and lower protective shells. The gap matches the liquid cooling plate.

[0020] S3. The mobile platform is fixed to the ground by the brakes of the universal wheels at the bottom. Then, the angle motor is started, which drives the driven gear ring to rotate through the drive gear. Then, the traction rod and the liquid cooling plate are rotated to ensure that the liquid cooling plate is aligned with the gap between the sides of the upper and lower protective shells. Then, the lifting hydraulic rod is started to ensure that the liquid cooling plate and the gap are on the same plane.

[0021] S4. Start the moving motor to drive the lead screw to rotate. Use the traction rod to drive the liquid cooling plate on the support wheel to move. At this time, the traction head is inserted into the inner wall of one end of the expanded guide rail. Use the support spring to drive the guide rod to expand outward, so that the traction head can move along the guide rail and improve the moving accuracy. Then the support wheel slides along the moving groove. When the liquid cooling plate moves to the inside of the lower protective shell, the limited support wheel is stacked along the moving groove.

[0022] S5. When fast charging begins, the heat generated by the battery cell is exchanged through the cooling plate and side plate to reduce the temperature. When fast charging continues to generate a large amount of heat, the liquid cooling plate is activated to dissipate heat from the battery cell through an external high-power liquid cooling device, thereby reducing the heat generated by fast charging.

[0023] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] The external heat dissipation components are flexibly moved via a moving platform to ensure that the liquid cooling plate is precisely aligned with the gaps in the battery pack for efficient heat dissipation. The internal heat dissipation protection components provide all-round protection for the battery cells, while the cooling plate is used for initial heat dissipation. The combination of the guiding and adjusting components improves the moving accuracy and stability of the heat dissipation components. The usage method is clear and easy to operate, and it can quickly respond to the heat dissipation needs during fast charging to ensure the safe operation of the battery pack. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the liquid cooling plate of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of invention A;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the support wheel of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the driven gear ring of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the protective shell of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is an exploded perspective view of the protective casing of the present invention.

[0032] The diagram shows the following components: 1. Upper reinforcing frame; 2. Lower reinforcing frame; 3. Upper protective shell; 4. Lower protective shell; 5. Moving platform; 6. Drive frame; 7. Traction rod; 8. Liquid cooling plate; 9. Guide rail; 10. Support wheel; 11. Moving motor; 12. Lead screw; 13. Driven gear ring; 14. Drive gear; 15. Angle motor; 16. Limiting slide rail; 17. Release cylinder; 18. Cooling plate; 19. Sealing cover; 20. Side plate; 21. Side frame; 22. Battery cell; 23. Sliding sleeve; 24. Protective shell; 501. Lifting hydraulic rod; 701. Traction head; 702. Guide rod; 703. Support spring; 704. Moving groove; 901. Traction groove. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 7 A cooling device for a power battery in a passenger vehicle, comprising:

[0036] The system comprises an upper reinforcing frame 1, a lower reinforcing frame 2, an upper protective shell 3, and a lower protective shell 4. The upper reinforcing frame 1 and lower reinforcing frame 2 are matched, as are the upper protective shell 3 and lower protective shell 4. A movable platform 5 is used to move the external heat dissipation assembly, which is located on one side of the outer wall of the movable platform 5. The external heat dissipation assembly includes a drive frame 6, a traction rod 7, a liquid cooling plate 8, a guide rail 9, a guide assembly, a moving groove 704, a support wheel 10, and an adjustment assembly. The drive frame 6 is rotatably inserted into the top of the outer wall of the movable platform 5. The traction rod 7 is slidably disposed at the top of the outer wall of the drive frame 6. The moving groove 704 is located at the top axis of the traction rod 7. The guide rail 9 is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the outer wall of the lower reinforcing frame 2. The support wheel 10 is slidably embedded in the moving groove 704. On the inner wall, the support wheel 10 matches the recessed groove at the bottom of the outer wall of the liquid cooling plate 8. 2. The guide assembly is located on the outer wall of the drive frame 6, and the adjustment assembly is located at the bottom of the outer wall of the traction rod 7. An internal heat dissipation protection assembly is located on the outer walls of the upper protective shell 3 and the lower protective shell 4. The protection assembly includes a limiting slide rail 16, a release cylinder 17, a cooling plate 18, a sealing cover 19, a side plate 20, a side frame 21, a battery cell 22, a sliding sleeve 23, and a protective shell 24. The limiting slide rail 16 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the side frame 21. The release cylinder 17 is fixedly installed on the edge of the outer wall of the upper protective shell 3. The output end of the release cylinder 17 is fixedly installed on the edge of the outer wall of the lower protective shell 4. The sliding sleeve 23 is fixedly installed on the top edge of the outer wall of the lower reinforcing frame 2. The sliding sleeve 23 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the limiting slide rail 16. The side plates 20 are spaced and embedded in the inner wall of the battery cell 22. The protective shell 24 is wrapped around the outer wall of the battery cell 22. The sealing cover 19 is embedded in the top of the inner wall of the protective shell 24 and fits against the top of the outer wall of the battery cell 22. The cooling plate 18 is sleeved on both sides of the outer wall of the protective shell 24. The space formed by the upper protective shell 3 and the lower protective shell 4 matches the protective shell 24. The guide assembly includes a traction head 701, a guide rod 702 and a support spring 703. The traction head 701 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one end of the traction rod 702. The guide rod 702 is rotatably inserted into both sides of the outer wall of the traction head 701. One end of the support spring 703 is fixedly installed on both sides of the outer wall of the traction head 701. At the location, the other end of the supporting spring 703 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the guide rod 702. The traction head 701 is matched with the guide rail 9. The bottom axis of the outer wall of the traction head 701 is raised. The bottom of the outer wall of the guide rail 9 is provided with a traction groove 901. The adjustment assembly includes a moving motor 11, a lead screw 12, a driven gear ring 13, a driving gear 14, an angle motor 15, and a lifting hydraulic rod 501. The moving motor 11 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one end of the drive frame 6. The lead screw 12 is fixedly installed at the center of the outer wall of the output end of the moving motor 11. The lead screw 12 is threadedly connected to the opening of the outer wall of the traction rod 7. The driven gear ring 13 is sleeved on the protruding end of the bottom of the outer wall of the traction rod 7. The driving gear 14 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the output end of the angle motor 15.The driven gear ring 13 and the driving gear 14 are meshed and connected. The angle motor 15 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the traction rod 7. The bottom end of the lifting hydraulic rod 501 is rotatably inserted into the top of the outer wall of the moving platform 5, and the top end of the lifting hydraulic rod 501 is rotatably inserted into the center of the bottom of the outer wall of the traction rod 7. The liquid cooling plate 8 is connected to the external cooling circulation device through a hose. The liquid cooling plate 8, the upper protective shell 3, and the lower protective shell 4 are matched with each other. Height adjustability and flexibility: The height of the external heat dissipation components (such as the liquid cooling plate 8) can be easily adjusted through the lifting hydraulic rod 501 to adapt to different installation environments or battery pack sizes. The combination of the motor 15, driven gear ring 13, and drive gear 14 allows adjustment of the angle of the traction rod 7 (and its connected liquid cooling plate 8), ensuring optimal heat dissipation and adaptability. High heat dissipation efficiency: The liquid cooling plate 8, as the main heat dissipation element, is connected to an external cooling circulation device via a hose, effectively absorbing and dissipating the heat generated by the battery. The cooling plate 18 in the internal heat dissipation protection assembly further enhances the heat dissipation effect, ensuring stable battery pack temperature. Comprehensive protection mechanisms: The upper protective shell 3, lower protective shell 4, and protective shell 24 provide multiple layers of protection for the battery pack, preventing external impacts and damage. The release cylinder 17 and the limiting slide rail... 16. The combination of the sliding sleeve 23 allows for quick opening or closing of the protective shell in emergency situations for maintenance or emergency handling, facilitating maintenance and operation. The external heat dissipation assembly is easily moved via the moving platform 5, drive frame 6, and traction rod 7 structure, facilitating installation, debugging, and maintenance. The guide assembly design ensures smooth sliding of the traction rod 7 on the guide rail 9, reducing operational difficulty and errors. Heat dissipation function: Utilizing the liquid cooling plate 8 and external cooling circulation device, the heat generated by the battery pack is continuously absorbed and dissipated to prevent overheating. The cooling plate 18 provides additional heat dissipation support on both sides of the outer wall of the protective shell 24, ensuring the battery pack is protected under extreme conditions. The battery pack features stable temperature control and robust protection: the upper protective shell 3, lower protective shell 4, and protective shell 24 together form a robust protective layer to prevent external impacts and damage. The side plate 20 provides additional support and protection between the battery cells 22, preventing damage from vibration or collisions. Adjustment functionality: the lifting hydraulic rod 501 and angle motor 15 allow adjustment of the height and angle of the external heat dissipation components according to actual needs, adapting to different working environments and heat dissipation requirements. The combination of the moving motor 11 and the lead screw 12 enables precise movement of the traction rod 7 (and its connected liquid cooling plate 8) on the guide rail 9, facilitating adjustment of the heat dissipation position.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 7A method for using a power battery cooling device for a bus, applicable to any one of the above-mentioned power battery cooling devices for a bus, includes the following steps: S1, First, the bus with the power battery installed is moved to a charging station, and the upper reinforcing frame 1, lower reinforcing frame 2, upper protective shell 3, and lower protective shell 4 are inspected to confirm that there is no interference or deformation; S2, The moving platform 5 is aligned with the upper protective shell 3 and the lower protective shell 4, and then the release cylinder 17 is activated, so that the lower reinforcing frame 2 slowly descends through the sliding sleeve 23 under the action of the limiting slide rail 16. At this time, the lower reinforcing frame 2 drives the lower protective shell 4 to slowly descend, so that a gap is created on the side of the upper protective shell 3 and the lower protective shell 4, and the gap matches the liquid cooling plate 8; S3, The moving platform 5 is fixed to the ground by the brake of the universal wheels at the bottom, and then the angle motor 1 is activated. 5. Driven by the active gear 14, the driven gear ring 13 is rotated, which in turn drives the traction rod 7 and the liquid cooling plate 8 to rotate, ensuring that the liquid cooling plate 8 is aligned with the gap between the sides of the upper protective shell 3 and the lower protective shell 4. Then, the lifting hydraulic rod 501 is activated to ensure that the liquid cooling plate 8 and the gap are on the same plane. S4. The moving motor 11 is activated to drive the lead screw 12 to rotate, and the traction rod 7 drives the liquid cooling plate 8 on the support wheel 10 to move. At this time, the traction head 701 is inserted into the inner wall of one end of the expanding guide rail 9. The support spring 703 drives the guide rod 702 to expand outward, which facilitates the movement of the traction head 701 along the guide rail 9 and improves the movement accuracy. Then, the support wheel 10 slides along the moving groove 704. When the liquid cooling plate 8 moves to the inside of the lower protective shell 4, the limited support wheel 10 is stacked along the moving groove 704.S5. When fast charging begins, the heat generated by the battery cell 22 is exchanged through the cooling plate 18 and the side plate 20 to reduce the temperature. When fast charging continues to generate a large amount of heat, the liquid cooling plate 8 is activated. Through an external high-power liquid cooling device, heat dissipation of the battery cell 22 is completed, reducing the heat generated by fast charging. High efficiency and precise rapid response: This method, through a series of orderly steps, can quickly install and adjust the heat dissipation device to its optimal working state, ensuring that the power battery receives timely heat dissipation protection during bus charging. Precise alignment: Utilizing angle... The assembly of motor 15, drive gear 14, and driven gear ring 13 can precisely adjust the position and angle of the liquid cooling plate 8, ensuring a perfect match with the gap between the upper protective shell 3 and the lower protective shell 4, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency. Movement accuracy: The assembly of motor 11, lead screw 12, and traction rod 7 allows for smooth movement of the liquid cooling plate 8. Simultaneously, the support spring 703 and guide rod 702 structure ensure accuracy and stability during movement. Multiple protections: This method utilizes the upper protective shell 3, lower protective shell 4, and protective shell 24 assembly to provide power to the liquid cooling plate 8. The battery provides multiple layers of protection against external impacts and damage. Simultaneously, during heat dissipation, the combined action of cooling plate 18 and liquid cooling plate 8 further ensures safe battery operation and stable heat dissipation. Liquid cooling plate 8, through an external high-power liquid cooling device, continuously absorbs and dissipates heat generated by the battery, ensuring stable battery pack temperature during fast charging. Emergency handling: In emergencies, the protective shell 24 can be quickly opened or closed by releasing cylinder 17 for maintenance or emergency handling, improving the safety and reliability of the entire heat dissipation device. Height adjustable: The height of liquid cooling plate 8 can be easily adjusted using lifting hydraulic rod 501 to adapt to different installation environments or battery pack sizes. Easy to operate: Each step in this method is relatively simple and clear, easy for operators to understand and master. Furthermore, the moving platform 5 and caster wheels allow for easy movement and fixation of the heat dissipation device, improving operational convenience. Strong adaptability: This heat dissipation device and method are not only suitable for fast charging scenarios but can also be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs to meet heat dissipation requirements under different operating conditions.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation device for a power battery in a passenger vehicle, characterized in that, include: The upper reinforcing frame (1), the lower reinforcing frame (2), the upper protective shell (3) and the lower protective shell (4) are matched with each other, and the upper protective shell (3) and the lower protective shell (4) are matched with each other. Mobile station (5) is used to move peripheral heat dissipation components; An external heat dissipation assembly is located on one side of the outer wall of the moving platform (5). The external heat dissipation assembly includes a drive frame (6), a traction rod (7), a liquid cooling plate (8), a guide rail (9), a guide assembly, a moving groove (704), a support wheel (10), and an adjustment assembly. The drive frame (6) is rotatably inserted into the top of the outer wall of the moving platform (5). The traction rod (7) is slidably disposed at the top of the outer wall of the drive frame (6). The moving groove (704) is opened at the top axis of the outer wall of the traction rod (7). The guide rail (9) is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the outer wall of the lower reinforcing frame (2). The support wheel (10) is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the moving groove (704). The support wheel (10) matches the recessed groove at the bottom of the outer wall of the liquid cooling plate (8). The guide assembly is disposed on the outer wall of the drive frame (6). The adjustment assembly is disposed at the bottom of the outer wall of the traction rod (7). An internal heat dissipation protection assembly is provided on the outer walls of the upper protective shell (3) and the lower protective shell (4). The protection assembly includes a limiting slide rail (16), a release cylinder (17), a cooling plate (18), a sealing cover (19), a side plate (20), a side frame (21), a battery cell (22), a sliding sleeve (23), and a protective shell (24). The limiting slide rail (16) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the side frame (21). The release cylinder (17) is fixedly installed at the edge of the outer wall of the upper protective shell (3). The output end of the release cylinder (17) is fixedly installed at the edge of the outer wall of the lower protective shell (4). The sliding sleeve (23)... The upper protective shell (3) is fixedly installed at the top edge of the outer wall of the lower reinforcing frame (2). The sliding sleeve (23) is slidably fitted on the outer wall of the limiting slide rail (16). The side plate (20) is embedded at intervals in the inner wall of the battery cell (22). The protective shell (24) is wrapped around the outer wall of the battery cell (22). The sealing cover (19) is embedded in the top of the inner wall of the protective shell (24). The sealing cover (19) is attached to the top of the outer wall of the battery cell (22). The cooling plate (18) is fitted on both sides of the outer wall of the protective shell (24). The space formed by the upper protective shell (3) and the lower protective shell (4) matches the protective shell (24).

2. The heat dissipation device for a power battery in a passenger vehicle as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The guiding assembly includes a traction head (701), a guide rod (702), and a support spring (703).

3. The power battery cooling device for passenger vehicles as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The traction head (701) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one end of the traction rod (7), the guide rod (702) is rotatably inserted into both sides of the outer wall of the traction head (701), one end of the support spring (703) is fixedly installed on both sides of the outer wall of the traction head (701), and the other end of the support spring (703) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the guide rod (702).

4. The power battery cooling device for passenger vehicles as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The traction head (701) is matched with the guide rail (9). The bottom axis of the outer wall of the traction head (701) is raised, and the bottom of the outer wall of the guide rail (9) is provided with a traction groove (901).

5. A power battery cooling device for passenger vehicles as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly includes a moving motor (11), a lead screw (12), a driven gear ring (13), a driving gear (14), an angle motor (15), and a lifting hydraulic rod (501).

6. A power battery cooling device for passenger vehicles as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The mobile motor (11) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one end of the drive frame (6), and the lead screw (12) is fixedly installed at the center of the outer wall of the output end of the mobile motor (11). The lead screw (12) is threadedly connected to the opening of the outer wall of the traction rod (7).

7. A power battery cooling device for passenger vehicles as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The driven gear ring (13) is sleeved on the bottom protruding end of the outer wall of the traction rod (7), the driving gear (14) is fixedly set on the outer wall of the output end of the angle motor (15), the driven gear ring (13) and the driving gear (14) are meshed and connected, and the angle motor (15) is fixedly set on the bottom of the outer wall of the traction rod (7).

8. A power battery cooling device for passenger vehicles as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom end of the lifting hydraulic rod (501) is rotatably inserted into the top of the outer wall of the moving platform (5), and the top end of the lifting hydraulic rod (501) is rotatably inserted into the center of the bottom of the outer wall of the traction rod (7).

9. A power battery cooling device for passenger vehicles as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The liquid cooling plate (8) is connected to an external cooling circulation device via a hose, and the liquid cooling plate (8), the upper protective shell (3), and the lower protective shell (4) are matched with each other.

10. A method of using a power battery cooling device for a passenger vehicle, characterized in that, The cooling device for a power battery in a passenger vehicle, as described in any one of claims 1-9, comprises the following steps: S1. First, the bus equipped with the power battery is moved to the charging station to complete the inspection of the upper reinforcing frame (1), lower reinforcing frame (2), upper protective shell (3) and lower protective shell (4) to confirm that there is no interference or deformation. S2. The moving stage (5) is aligned with the upper protective shell (3) and the lower protective shell (4). Then the release cylinder (17) is activated, so that the lower reinforcing frame (2) passes through the sliding sleeve (23) and slowly descends under the action of the limiting slide rail (16). At this time, the lower reinforcing frame (2) drives the lower protective shell (4) to slowly descend, so that a gap is generated on the side of the upper protective shell (3) and the lower protective shell (4), and the gap matches the liquid cooling plate (8). S3. The mobile platform (5) is fixed to the ground by the brake of the universal wheels at the bottom. Then the angle motor (15) is started, and the driven gear ring (13) is rotated through the drive gear (14). Then the traction rod (7) and the liquid cooling plate (8) are rotated to ensure that the liquid cooling plate (8) is aligned with the gap between the side of the upper protective shell (3) and the lower protective shell (4). Then the lifting hydraulic rod (501) is started to ensure that the liquid cooling plate (8) and the gap are on the same plane. S4. Start the moving motor (11) to drive the lead screw (12) to rotate. Use the traction rod (7) to drive the liquid cooling plate (8) on the support wheel (10) to move. At this time, the traction head (701) is inserted into the inner wall of one end of the expanded guide rail (9). Use the support spring (703) to drive the guide rod (702) to expand outward, so that the traction head (701) can move along the guide rail (9) and improve the moving accuracy. Then the support wheel (10) slides along the moving groove (704). When the liquid cooling plate (8) moves to the inside of the lower protective shell (4), the limited support wheel (10) stacks along the moving groove (704). S5. When fast charging starts, the heat generated by the battery cell (22) is exchanged through the cooling plate (18) and the side plate (20) to reduce the temperature. When the fast charging continues to generate a lot of heat, the liquid cooling plate (8) is activated to dissipate heat from the battery cell (22) through an external high-power liquid cooling device, thereby reducing the heat generated by the fast charging.

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