Energy management and control system of Beidou navigation vehicle-mounted terminal

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of energy management and control systems, and particularly relates to an energy management and control system of a Beidou navigation vehicle-mounted terminal, and the system comprises a power supply module which is the basis of the energy management system and provides a stable and reliable power source for the Beidou navigation vehicle-mounted terminal; the energy storage module is used for storing the electric energy provided by the power supply module so as to provide electric power for the Beidou navigation vehicle-mounted terminal when needed; the power management module is the core of the energy management system and is responsible for managing and controlling the power supply module and the energy storage module, and according to the energy management and control system of the Beidou navigation vehicle-mounted terminal, the charging management module is arranged, and various different charging algorithms are used for charging the Beidou navigation vehicle-mounted terminal. According to the Beidou navigation vehicle-mounted terminal, the energy storage module can be quickly charged, and the charging power can be adjusted in time according to different use states of the lithium battery and the super capacitor through various different charging algorithms, so that the Beidou navigation vehicle-mounted terminal is protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy management and control systems, and particularly to an energy management and control system for a Beidou navigation vehicle terminal. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development and improvement of global satellite navigation systems, satellite navigation technology has been widely applied in various fields. Among them, the Beidou satellite navigation system, as a satellite navigation system independently developed in China, has the advantages of high positioning accuracy, wide coverage, and strong reliability. The development of the Beidou satellite navigation system provides a technical basis for the emergence of Beidou navigation vehicle terminals.

[0003] Currently, in the prior art, when a Beidou navigation vehicle terminal is in use, it needs to communicate with satellites in a timely manner for a long time. Therefore, when the Beidou navigation vehicle terminal is used for a long time, it will consume a large amount of vehicle-mounted power. However, with the existing vehicle-mounted battery technology, it is difficult to achieve a significant improvement. Therefore, an efficient charging technology is needed to supplement the battery. In view of this, we propose an energy management and control system for a Beidou navigation vehicle terminal. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main object of the present invention is to provide an energy management and control system for a Beidou navigation vehicle terminal, which can solve the problems raised in the above technical background.

[0005] To achieve the above object, an energy management and control system for a Beidou navigation vehicle terminal proposed by the present invention includes:

[0006] A power supply module, which is the basis of the energy management system and provides a stable and reliable power source for the Beidou navigation vehicle terminal;

[0007] An energy storage module, which is used to store the electric energy provided by the power supply module to provide power for the Beidou navigation vehicle terminal when needed;

[0008] A power management module, which is the core of the energy management system and is responsible for managing and controlling the power supply module and the energy storage module;

[0009] An energy-saving control module, which reduces the power consumption of the vehicle terminal and improves the energy utilization efficiency by taking a series of energy-saving measures;

[0010] A Beidou navigation vehicle terminal, which is a device that uses the Beidou satellite navigation system for functions such as positioning, navigation, and communication.

[0011] Preferably, the power supply module includes:

[0012] Vehicle-mounted battery. As the main power supply method, the vehicle-mounted battery plays a crucial role in the energy management system, providing the main power source. When the vehicle starts, the vehicle-mounted battery provides initial power for the Beidou navigation vehicle terminal, which is like giving a start signal to the terminal system, enabling it to start initializing each component; during vehicle operation, the vehicle-mounted battery continuously powers the Beidou navigation vehicle terminal; even when the vehicle is parked, the vehicle-mounted battery may still need to power the vehicle terminal; the voltage output by the vehicle-mounted battery is relatively stable, which is crucial for the electronic components of the Beidou navigation vehicle terminal;

[0013] Solar panel. The solar panel absorbs sunlight and converts it into electrical energy to charge the vehicle terminal. During vehicle operation, the solar panel can convert solar energy into electrical energy to supplement power for the Beidou navigation vehicle terminal; the solar panel enables the energy supply of the Beidou navigation vehicle terminal not to solely rely on the vehicle-mounted battery. In the case where the vehicle-mounted battery has insufficient power or fails, the solar panel can serve as an independent energy source; when the vehicle is parked, the solar panel can still work. It can utilize the sunlight during parking to charge the vehicle terminal;

[0014] Power adapter. The core function of the power adapter is to convert the vehicle's AC power into DC power suitable for use by the Beidou navigation vehicle terminal; it provides stable output voltage and current. To ensure the normal operation of the vehicle terminal, the power adapter must be able to provide stable output voltage and current. Stable voltage output can prevent the electronic components in the terminal device from being damaged due to too high or too low voltage; the power adapter has multiple protection functions to ensure that it will not cause damage to the vehicle terminal and the vehicle electrical system during use.

[0015] Preferably, the energy storage module includes:

[0016] Lithium battery. As the main energy storage device of the vehicle terminal, the lithium battery has the advantages of high energy density, long life, and light weight. The lithium battery has a relatively high energy density and can store a large amount of electrical energy in a smaller volume and weight, which makes it very suitable for mobile devices such as vehicle terminals. At the same time, the lithium battery has a high charge and discharge efficiency and can charge and discharge quickly to meet the power requirements of the vehicle terminal under different working conditions. In addition, the lithium battery has a long life and can generally perform thousands of charge and discharge cycles, reducing the use cost and maintenance frequency;

[0017] Supercapacitor. As a new type of energy storage device, supercapacitors have the characteristics of fast charge and discharge, high power density, and long cycle life. Supercapacitors store and release electrical energy through the electrostatic adsorption and desorption processes on the electrode surface, with a very fast charge and discharge speed and high power density. This gives it great advantages in some occasions that require fast response and high power output, such as emergency power supplies and starting power supplies for in-vehicle terminals. In addition, supercapacitors have a long cycle life and can generally perform hundreds of thousands of charge and discharge cycles, far exceeding that of lithium batteries.

[0018] Preferably, the power management module includes:

[0019] A charge management module that automatically adjusts the charging current and voltage according to the battery status and power supply situation to achieve efficient charging; the charge management has a perfect charge protection function, including overcharge protection, overcurrent protection, and overheat protection; the charge management can real-time monitor the charging status of the battery, including parameters such as battery level, voltage, current, and temperature;

[0020] A discharge management module that should automatically adjust the voltage and current of the power output according to the working requirements of the in-vehicle terminal to ensure the normal operation of the terminal; the discharge management should have functions such as overcurrent protection, short-circuit protection, and low-voltage protection to prevent equipment damage; the discharge management should be able to real-time monitor the discharge status of the battery, including parameters such as battery level, voltage, current, and temperature;

[0021] A power switching module that can automatically switch to a backup power supply, such as a solar panel or a supercapacitor, when the in-vehicle battery is low on power or fails, to ensure the continuous operation of the in-vehicle terminal; the power switching should adopt an automatic switching mechanism and automatically select a suitable power supply according to the status of the power supply module and the energy storage module; in addition to the automatic switching mechanism, the power switching should also have a manual switching function for users to operate in special situations;

[0022] An energy monitoring module that real-time monitors parameters such as the battery level, voltage, and current of the power supply module and the energy storage module to provide accurate data support for energy management; the energy monitoring should use high-precision sensors and monitoring devices to real-time monitor the various parameters of the power supply module and the energy storage module; the energy monitoring should be able to real-time collect the data of the sensors and monitoring devices and perform processing and analysis. For example, the collected data can be filtered, amplified, digitized, etc. to improve the accuracy and reliability of the data; the processed data can be analyzed and calculated to obtain information such as the remaining battery level, charging status, and discharge status of the battery.

[0023] Preferably, the energy-saving control module includes:

[0024] Sleep mode module. The sleep mode should adopt an automatic sleep mechanism and enter the sleep state automatically according to the usage situation and time of the vehicle-mounted terminal; Wake-up function. In the sleep mode, the vehicle-mounted terminal should have a certain wake-up function to quickly resume work when needed; In the sleep mode, the vehicle-mounted terminal should minimize power consumption to extend the battery life;

[0025] Brightness adjustment module. Automatically adjust the display brightness of the vehicle-mounted terminal according to the ambient light intensity to reduce power consumption; The brightness adjustment should use a light sensor to monitor the ambient light intensity in real time. The brightness adjustment should adopt an automatic adjustment algorithm and automatically adjust the display brightness according to the ambient light intensity monitored by the light sensor;

[0026] Wireless communication management module. Reasonably manage the wireless communication functions of the vehicle-mounted terminal, such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and mobile data, etc. When wireless communication is not needed, turn off the corresponding function modules to reduce power consumption.

[0027] Preferably, the charging management module usually considers multiple factors in the intelligent charging algorithm to dynamically adjust the charging current and voltage to achieve efficient charging and protect the battery:

[0028] Battery state of charge estimation formula

[0029]

[0030] Among them, SOC represents the state of charge of the battery, Q current represents the current battery power, Q full represents the full battery power.

[0031] Preferably, the charging management module usually considers multiple factors in the intelligent charging algorithm to dynamically adjust the charging current and voltage to achieve efficient charging and protect the battery:

[0032] Charging current calculation formula

[0033] Constant current charging stage:

[0034] In the initial stage of charging, when the battery power is low, a relatively large constant current can be used for charging. The constant current charging current I cc is usually determined by the characteristics of the battery and the design of the charger and can be calculated according to the rated capacity k of the battery and the charging rate C:

[0035] I cc = k × C

[0036] For example, for a battery with a rated capacity of 100 Ah and a charging rate of 0.5C, the constant current charging current I cc = 0.5 × 100 = 50 A;

[0037] Constant Voltage Charging Stage:

[0038] When the battery charge is close to full, it enters the constant voltage charging stage. In this stage, the charging voltage remains constant while the charging current gradually decreases. The constant voltage charging voltage V cu is usually determined by the rated voltage and charging characteristics of the battery.

[0039] The charging current I cu can be calculated according to Ohm's law and the internal resistance R of the battery:

[0040]

[0041] where E represents the electromotive force of the battery, which varies with the charging state of the battery;

[0042] Intelligent Adjustment Stage:

[0043] To achieve intelligent charging, the charging current and voltage can be dynamically adjusted according to factors such as the battery temperature, charging time, and degree of battery aging. For example, the following formula can be used to adjust the charging current:

[0044] I adjusted =I current ×f(T)×g(t)×h(A)

[0045] where I adjusted represents the current charging current, f(T) is the temperature adjustment function, g(t) is the time adjustment function, and h(A) is the aging degree adjustment function.

[0046] Preferably, the charging management module usually considers multiple factors in the intelligent charging algorithm to dynamically adjust the charging current and voltage to achieve efficient charging and protect the battery:

[0047] Temperature Adjustment Function

[0048]

[0049] where T optimal represents the optimal charging temperature of the battery, and a and b are adjustment coefficients determined according to the battery characteristics and experimental data.

[0050] Preferably, the charging management module usually considers multiple factors in the intelligent charging algorithm to dynamically adjust the charging current and voltage to achieve efficient charging and protect the battery:

[0051] Time Adjustment Function

[0052]

[0053] where t maxIt represents the estimated charging time, and y is an adjustment coefficient determined according to the charging demand and actual situation.

[0054] Preferably, the charging management module usually considers multiple factors in the intelligent charging algorithm to dynamically adjust the charging current and voltage to achieve efficient charging and protect the battery:

[0055] Aging degree adjustment function

[0056] h(A) = 1 - u×A

[0057] Wherein, A represents the aging degree of the battery, usually measured by the number of battery cycles or the usage time, and u is an adjustment coefficient determined according to the aging characteristics of the battery.

[0058] Beneficial effects

[0059] The present invention provides an energy management and control system for a Beidou navigation vehicle terminal. It has the following

[0060] Beneficial effects:

[0061] (1). For the energy management and control system of the Beidou navigation vehicle terminal, through the set charging management module, by using a variety of different charging algorithms, the energy storage module can be quickly charged, and the various different charging algorithms can adjust the charging power in a timely manner according to the usage status of different lithium batteries and supercapacitors, thereby protecting the Beidou navigation vehicle terminal.

[0062] (2). For the energy management and control system of the Beidou navigation vehicle terminal, through the set power supply module, multiple power supply methods ensure that when one power source has problems, there are still other power sources that can provide power for the vehicle terminal, greatly improving the reliability of the system. When the vehicle battery runs out of power or fails, the solar panel or backup power supply can take over in time to prevent the vehicle terminal from stopping working due to power failure and ensure the continuous operation of key functions such as navigation. The introduction of clean energy such as solar panels reduces the dependence on traditional vehicle batteries and improves the sustainability of energy. In sunny conditions, the solar panel can provide stable power for the vehicle terminal and reduce the vehicle's consumption of fossil energy.

[0063] (3). For the energy management and control system of the Beidou navigation vehicle terminal, through the set energy storage module, by combining the advantages of high energy density of lithium batteries and high power density of supercapacitors, the overall performance is improved, and the high power density advantage of the supercapacitor can provide the instantaneous current and voltage for starting the Beidou navigation vehicle terminal, thereby reducing the loss of the lithium battery. Brief description of the drawings

[0064] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings.

[0065] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall frame of the system of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the power supply module of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the energy storage module of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the power management module of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the energy-saving control module of the present invention.

[0070] The realization of the objectives, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Specific embodiments

[0071] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0072] Please refer to Figures 1 - 5 , the present invention provides an energy management and control system for a Beidou navigation vehicle terminal, including:

[0073] A power supply module. The power supply module is the basis of the energy management system and provides a stable and reliable power source for the Beidou navigation vehicle terminal. The power supply module includes:

[0074] On-vehicle battery. As the main power supply method, the on-vehicle battery plays a crucial role in the energy management system, providing the main power source. When the vehicle starts, the on-vehicle battery supplies initial power to the Beidou navigation on-vehicle terminal, which is like giving a start signal to the terminal system to enable it to start initializing each component. During vehicle operation, the on-vehicle battery continuously powers the Beidou navigation on-vehicle terminal. Even when the vehicle is parked, the on-vehicle battery may still be required to power the on-vehicle terminal. The voltage output by the on-vehicle battery is relatively stable, which is crucial for the electronic components of the Beidou navigation on-vehicle terminal.

[0075] Solar panel. The solar panel absorbs sunlight and converts it into electrical energy to charge the on-vehicle terminal. During vehicle operation, the solar panel can convert solar energy into electrical energy to supplement power for the Beidou navigation on-vehicle terminal. The solar panel enables the energy supply of the Beidou navigation on-vehicle terminal not to solely rely on the on-vehicle battery. In the case where the on-vehicle battery has insufficient power or fails, the solar panel can serve as an independent energy source. When the vehicle is parked, the solar panel can still operate. It can utilize the sunlight during the parking period to charge the on-vehicle terminal.

[0076] Power adapter. The core function of the power adapter is to convert the vehicle's AC power into DC power suitable for use by the Beidou navigation on-vehicle terminal; it provides a stable output voltage and current. To ensure the normal operation of the on-vehicle terminal, the power adapter must be able to provide a stable output voltage and current. A stable voltage output can prevent the electronic components in the terminal device from being damaged due to excessive or insufficient voltage. The power adapter has multiple protection functions to ensure that it will not cause damage to the on-vehicle terminal and the vehicle electrical system during use.

[0077] Energy storage module. The energy storage module is used to store the electrical energy provided by the power supply module to supply power to the Beidou navigation on-vehicle terminal when needed; the energy storage module includes:

[0078] Lithium battery. As the main energy storage device for the on-vehicle terminal, the lithium battery has the advantages of high energy density, long life, and light weight. The lithium battery has a relatively high energy density and can store a large amount of electrical energy in a relatively small volume and weight, which makes it very suitable for mobile devices such as on-vehicle terminals. At the same time, the lithium battery has a high charge and discharge efficiency and can charge and discharge quickly to meet the power requirements of the on-vehicle terminal in different working states. In addition, the lithium battery has a long life and can generally undergo thousands of charge and discharge cycles, reducing the use cost and maintenance frequency.

[0079] Supercapacitor. As a new type of energy storage device, the supercapacitor has the characteristics of fast charge and discharge, high power density, and long cycle life. The supercapacitor stores and releases electrical energy through the electrostatic adsorption and desorption processes on the electrode surface, with a very fast charge and discharge speed and high power density. This gives it great advantages in some occasions that require fast response and high power output, such as emergency power supplies and starting power supplies for vehicle terminals. In addition, the supercapacitor has a long cycle life and can generally perform hundreds of thousands of charge and discharge cycles, far exceeding that of lithium batteries.

[0080] Power management module. The power management module is the core of the energy management system and is responsible for managing and controlling the power supply module and the energy storage module; the power management module includes:

[0081] Charging management module. According to the state of the battery and the power supply situation, it automatically adjusts the charging current and voltage to achieve efficient charging; the charging management has a perfect charging protection function, including overcharge protection, overcurrent protection, and overheat protection; the charging management can monitor the charging state of the battery in real time, including parameters such as battery charge, voltage, current, and temperature; the charging management module usually considers multiple factors in the intelligent charging algorithm to dynamically adjust the charging current and voltage to achieve efficient charging and protect the battery:

[0082] Battery charge estimation formula

[0083]

[0084] Among them, SOC represents the state of charge of the battery, Q current represents the current battery charge, and Q full represents the full charge of the battery;

[0085] Charging current calculation formula

[0086] Constant current charging stage:

[0087] In the initial stage of charging, when the battery charge is low, a relatively large constant current can be used for charging. The constant current charging current I cc is usually determined by the characteristics of the battery and the design of the charger and can be calculated according to the rated capacity k of the battery and the charging rate C:

[0088] I cc = k × C

[0089] For example, for a battery with a rated capacity of 100 Ah and a charging rate of 0.5C, the constant current charging current I cc = 0.5 × 100 = 50 A;

[0090] Constant voltage charging stage:

[0091] When the battery charge is close to full, it enters the constant voltage charging stage. In this stage, the charging voltage remains constant while the charging current gradually decreases. The constant voltage charging voltage V cu is usually determined by the rated voltage and charging characteristics of the battery:

[0092] The charging current I cu can be calculated according to Ohm's law and the internal resistance R of the battery:

[0093]

[0094] where E represents the electromotive force of the battery, which varies with the charging state of the battery;

[0095] Intelligent adjustment stage:

[0096] To achieve intelligent charging, the charging current and voltage can be dynamically adjusted according to factors such as the temperature of the battery, charging time, and degree of battery aging. For example, the following formula can be used to adjust the charging current:

[0097] I adjusted =I current ×f(T)×g(t)×h(A)

[0098] where I adjusted represents the current charging current, f(T) is the temperature adjustment function, g(t) is the time adjustment function, and h(A) is the aging degree adjustment function;

[0099] Temperature adjustment function

[0100]

[0101] where T optimal represents the optimal charging temperature of the battery, and a and b are adjustment coefficients determined according to the characteristics of the battery and experimental data;

[0102] Time adjustment function

[0103]

[0104] where t max represents the estimated charging time, and y is an adjustment coefficient determined according to the charging requirements and actual situation;

[0105] The charging management module usually considers multiple factors in the intelligent charging algorithm to dynamically adjust the charging current and voltage to achieve efficient charging and protect the battery:

[0106] Aging degree adjustment function

[0107] h(A)=1 - u×A

[0108] Among them, A represents the aging degree of the battery, usually measured by the number of battery cycles or the usage time, and u is an adjustment coefficient determined according to the aging characteristics of the battery.

[0109] Discharge management module. Discharge management should automatically adjust the voltage and current of the power output according to the working requirements of the vehicle-mounted terminal to ensure the normal operation of the terminal; discharge management should have functions such as overcurrent protection, short-circuit protection, and low-voltage protection to prevent equipment damage; discharge management should be able to monitor the discharge state of the battery in real time, including parameters such as power, voltage, current, and temperature.

[0110] Power switching module. When the vehicle-mounted battery is low in power or fails, the power switching function can automatically switch to a backup power source, such as a solar panel or a supercapacitor, to ensure the continuous operation of the vehicle-mounted terminal; power switching should adopt an automatic switching mechanism and automatically select a suitable power source according to the states of the power supply module and the energy storage module; in addition to the automatic switching mechanism, power switching should also have a manual switching function for users to operate in special situations.

[0111] Energy monitoring module. The energy monitoring function monitors parameters such as the power, voltage, and current of the power supply module and the energy storage module in real time, providing accurate data support for energy management; energy monitoring should use high-precision sensors and monitoring devices to monitor various parameters of the power supply module and the energy storage module in real time; energy monitoring should be able to collect data from sensors and monitoring devices in real time and perform processing and analysis. For example, the collected data can be filtered, amplified, digitized, etc. to improve the accuracy and reliability of the data; the processed data can be analyzed and calculated to obtain information such as the remaining power, charging state, and discharging state of the battery.

[0112] Energy-saving control module. The energy-saving control module reduces the power consumption of the vehicle-mounted terminal and improves the energy utilization efficiency by taking a series of energy-saving measures; the energy-saving control module includes:

[0113] Sleep mode module. The sleep mode should adopt an automatic sleep mechanism and automatically enter the sleep state according to the usage situation and time of the vehicle-mounted terminal; wake-up function. In the sleep mode, the vehicle-mounted terminal should have a certain wake-up function to quickly resume work when needed; in the sleep mode, the vehicle-mounted terminal should reduce power consumption as much as possible to extend the battery life.

[0114] Brightness adjustment module. Automatically adjust the brightness of the display screen of the vehicle-mounted terminal according to the ambient light intensity to reduce power consumption; brightness adjustment should use a light sensor to monitor the ambient light intensity in real time, and brightness adjustment should adopt an automatic adjustment algorithm to automatically adjust the brightness of the display screen according to the ambient light intensity monitored by the light sensor.

[0115] The wireless communication management module reasonably manages the wireless communication functions of the vehicle-mounted terminal, such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and mobile data. When wireless communication is not required, the corresponding function modules are turned off to reduce power consumption.

[0116] The Beidou navigation vehicle-mounted terminal is a device that uses the Beidou satellite navigation system for functions such as positioning, navigation, and communication.

[0117] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformation made under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy management and control system for a Beidou navigation vehicle terminal, characterized in that: include: Power supply module: The power supply module is the basis of the energy management system and provides a stable and reliable power source for the Beidou navigation vehicle terminal; An energy storage module, which is used to store the electric energy provided by the power supply module so as to provide power to the Beidou navigation vehicle terminal when needed; Power management module, the power management module is the core of the energy management system, responsible for the management and control of the power supply module and the energy storage module; Energy-saving control module: The energy-saving control module reduces the power consumption of the vehicle terminal and improves energy utilization efficiency by taking a series of energy-saving measures; Beidou navigation vehicle terminal is a device that uses the Beidou satellite navigation system to perform positioning, navigation, communication and other functions.

2. The energy management and control system of a Beidou navigation vehicle terminal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The power supply module comprises: On-board battery, as the main power supply mode, plays a vital role in the energy management system and provides the main power source. When the vehicle is started, the on-board battery provides initial power to the Beidou navigation vehicle terminal, which is like giving the terminal system a start signal so that it can start initializing various components; during the driving of the vehicle, the on-board battery continues to power the Beidou navigation vehicle terminal; even if the vehicle is parked, the on-board battery may need to power the vehicle terminal; the voltage output by the on-board battery is relatively stable, which is crucial for the electronic components of the Beidou navigation vehicle terminal; Solar panels absorb sunlight and convert it into electricity to charge the vehicle terminal. During the operation of the vehicle, the solar panels can convert solar energy into electricity to supplement the power of the Beidou navigation vehicle terminal. The solar panels make the energy supply of the Beidou navigation vehicle terminal not solely dependent on the vehicle battery. In the case of insufficient power or failure of the vehicle battery, the solar panel can be used as an independent source of energy; when the vehicle is parked, the solar panel can still work. It can use the sunshine time during parking to charge the vehicle terminal; The power adapter, the core function of the power adapter is to convert the vehicle's AC power into DC power suitable for Beidou navigation vehicle terminals; to provide stable output voltage and current, in order to ensure the normal operation of the vehicle terminal, the power adapter must be able to provide stable output voltage and current. Stable voltage output can prevent the electronic components in the terminal equipment from being damaged due to excessively high or low voltage; the power adapter has a variety of protection functions to ensure that the vehicle terminal and the vehicle's electrical system will not be damaged during use.

3. The energy management and control system of a Beidou navigation vehicle terminal according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The energy storage module comprises: Lithium battery, as the main energy storage device of vehicle terminals, has the advantages of high energy density, long life and light weight. Lithium battery has high energy density and can store a large amount of electric energy in a small volume and weight, which makes it very suitable for mobile devices such as vehicle terminals. At the same time, lithium battery has high charging and discharging efficiency and can charge and discharge quickly to meet the power demand of vehicle terminals under different working conditions. In addition, lithium battery has a long life and can generally be charged and discharged for thousands of times, which reduces the cost of use and maintenance frequency; Supercapacitors, as a new type of energy storage device, have the characteristics of fast charging and discharging, high power density and long cycle life. Supercapacitors store and release electrical energy through the electrostatic adsorption and desorption process on the electrode surface, and have very fast charging and discharging speeds and high power density. This makes it have great advantages in some occasions that require fast response and high power output, such as emergency power supply and starting power supply of vehicle terminals. In addition, supercapacitors have a long cycle life and can generally be charged and discharged for hundreds of thousands of times, which is much higher than lithium batteries.

4. The energy management and control system of a Beidou navigation vehicle terminal according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The power management module comprises: The charging management module automatically adjusts the charging current and voltage according to the battery status and power supply to achieve efficient charging; the charging management has complete charging protection functions, including overcharge protection, overcurrent protection, and overheating protection; the charging management can monitor the battery charging status in real time, including power, voltage, current, temperature and other parameters; Discharge management module: Discharge management should automatically adjust the voltage and current of the power supply output according to the working requirements of the vehicle terminal to ensure that the terminal can work normally; discharge management should have functions such as overcurrent protection, short circuit protection and low voltage protection to prevent equipment damage; discharge management should be able to monitor the discharge status of the battery in real time, including parameters such as power, voltage, current, and temperature; Power switching module: When the vehicle battery is low on power or fails, the power switching function can automatically switch to a backup power source, such as a solar panel or supercapacitor, to ensure the continuous operation of the vehicle terminal; the power switching should adopt an automatic switching mechanism to automatically select the appropriate power source according to the status of the power supply module and the energy storage module; in addition to the automatic switching mechanism, the power switching should also have a manual switching function so that users can operate in special circumstances; Energy monitoring module: The energy monitoring function monitors the power, voltage, current and other parameters of the power supply module and energy storage module in real time to provide accurate data support for energy management; energy monitoring should use high-precision sensors and monitoring equipment to monitor the various parameters of the power supply module and energy storage module in real time; energy monitoring should be able to collect data from sensors and monitoring equipment in real time, and process and analyze them. For example, the collected data can be filtered, amplified, digitized, etc. to improve the accuracy and reliability of the data; the processed data can be analyzed and calculated to obtain information such as the remaining battery power, charging status, and discharging status of the battery.

5. The energy management and control system of a Beidou navigation vehicle terminal according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The energy-saving control module comprises: Sleep mode module: the sleep mode should adopt an automatic sleep mechanism, and automatically enter the sleep state according to the usage and time of the vehicle terminal; wake-up function: in sleep mode, the vehicle terminal should have a certain wake-up function so that it can quickly resume work when needed; in sleep mode, the vehicle terminal should reduce power consumption as much as possible to extend battery life; The brightness adjustment module automatically adjusts the brightness of the display screen of the vehicle terminal according to the ambient light intensity to reduce power consumption; the brightness adjustment should use a light sensor to monitor the ambient light intensity in real time, and the brightness adjustment should use an automatic adjustment algorithm to automatically adjust the brightness of the display screen according to the ambient light intensity monitored by the light sensor; The wireless communication management module rationally manages the wireless communication functions of the vehicle terminal, such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi and mobile data, and shuts down the corresponding functional modules when wireless communication is not needed to reduce power consumption.

6. The energy management and control system of a Beidou navigation vehicle terminal according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The charging management module usually considers multiple factors in the intelligent charging algorithm to dynamically adjust the charging current and voltage to achieve efficient charging and protect the battery: Battery charge estimation formula Among them, SOC represents the state of charge of the battery, Q current Indicates the current battery power, Q full Indicates the full charge of the battery.

7. The energy management and control system of a Beidou navigation vehicle terminal according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The charging management module usually considers multiple factors in the intelligent charging algorithm to dynamically adjust the charging current and voltage to achieve efficient charging and protect the battery: Charging current calculation formula Constant current charging stage: In the early stage of charging, when the battery power is low, a larger constant current can be used for charging. Constant current charging current I cc It is usually determined by the characteristics of the battery and the design of the charger, and can be calculated based on the rated capacity k and the charge rate C of the battery: I cc =k×C For example, for a battery with a rated capacity of 100Ah and a charging rate of 0.5C, the constant current charging current I cc =0.5×100=50A; Constant voltage charging stage: When the battery is close to full charge, it enters the constant voltage charging stage. In this stage, the charging voltage remains constant and the charging current gradually decreases. Constant voltage charging voltage V cu Usually determined by the rated voltage and charging characteristics of the battery: Charging current I cu It can be calculated based on Ohm's law and the internal resistance R of the battery: Where E represents the electromotive force of the battery, which changes with the battery's state of charge; Intelligent adjustment stage: In order to achieve intelligent charging, the charging current and voltage can be dynamically adjusted according to factors such as battery temperature, charging time, battery aging, etc. For example, the following formula can be used to adjust the charging current: I adjusted =I current ×f(T)×g(t)×h(A) Among them, I adjusted represents the current charging current, f(T) is the temperature adjustment function, g(t) is the time adjustment function, and h(A) is the aging adjustment function.

8. The energy management and control system of a Beidou navigation vehicle terminal according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The charging management module usually considers multiple factors in the intelligent charging algorithm to dynamically adjust the charging current and voltage to achieve efficient charging and protect the battery: Temperature adjustment function Among them, T optimal It indicates the optimal charging temperature of the battery. a and b are adjustment coefficients, which are determined according to the characteristics of the battery and experimental data.

9. The energy management and control system of a Beidou navigation vehicle terminal according to claim 8, characterized in that: The charging management module usually considers multiple factors in the intelligent charging algorithm to dynamically adjust the charging current and voltage to achieve efficient charging and protect the battery: Time adjustment function Among them, t max It represents the estimated charging time, and y is the adjustment coefficient, which is determined according to the charging demand and actual situation.

10. The energy management and control system of a Beidou navigation vehicle terminal according to claim 9, characterized in that: The charging management module usually considers multiple factors in the intelligent charging algorithm to dynamically adjust the charging current and voltage to achieve efficient charging and protect the battery: Aging adjustment function h(A)=1-u×A Where A represents the degree of battery aging, which is usually measured by the number of battery cycles or usage time, and u is the adjustment factor, which is determined based on the aging characteristics of the battery.

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