Method for improving survival rate of kudzu vine root cutting seedlings

Abstract

The invention provides a method for improving the survival rate of kudzu vine root cutting seedlings. According to the method, cutting planting soil treatment, selection and treatment of cutting branches, cutting and root irrigation treatment are carried out on the kudzuvine roots under the conditions that a seedling raising substrate, 30% perlite and GA are selected as growth regulators, and the lignification degree of cutting roots is 100%, the survival rate can reach 93.33%, and the yield of cutting seedlings subjected to glutamic acid root irrigation treatment is the best.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cuttings, and particularly relates to a method for improving the survival rate of kudzu root cutting seedlings. Background Art

[0002] Pueraria montana var.lobata is a variant of the Pueraria species of the Leguminosae family. It is a perennial vine with thick tuberous roots and is rich in starch. Pueraria montana is rich in starch and cellulose, and also contains a small amount of protein and 10 kinds of amino acids required by the human body. It also contains more than 10 kinds of minerals and trace elements necessary for the human body, such as iron, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, and selenium. It is an important nutrient for humans. Modern medical research shows that Pueraria montana contains 16 kinds of isoflavones (of which puerarin is unique to Pueraria plants) and drug ingredients such as puerarin glycosides and triterpenoids. These drug ingredients, especially flavonoids, have medical and health functions such as preventing and treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, and lowering blood sugar. Because it is rich in nutrition and has multiple medical and health functions, health foods processed with Pueraria montana as raw materials are one of the health foods favored by people.

[0003] As an important traditional Chinese medicine, the cultivation technology and propagation methods of Pueraria root have always been a hot topic of research. Cutting propagation is one of the commonly used propagation methods of Pueraria root, and its survival rate is affected by many factors.

[0004] The invention effectively improves the survival rate of kudzu root cuttings by selecting seedling culture medium + perlite, cutting roots with high lignification degree and growth regulators, and has a large yield, so as to provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the planting of kudzu root. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the survival rate of kudzu root cuttings. The present invention can effectively improve the survival rate of kudzu root cuttings by treating the cutting planting soil, selecting and treating the cutting branches, and treating the cuttings after the cuttings. The method is simple, easy to operate, and suitable for industrial production.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is a method for calculating the survival rate of kudzu root cutting seedlings, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) Soil treatment for cutting planting: Take a seedling medium, add 25-35% perlite by weight, mix well, and spread it in a greenhouse to form a seedling bed with a width of 0.8-1.2m and a height of 8-17cm. Add 150-250kg of commercial organic fertilizer and 5-15kg of triple compound fertilizer per mu, mix well, and then spread 2-6kg of 3% phoxim per mu to obtain a matrix soil for standby use;

[0008] (2) Selection and treatment of cuttings; select kudzu root vines with a lignification degree of 50-100% as cutting roots, dip the cut surface of the cutting root in plant growth regulator GA for 6-12 seconds and then take it out. The amount of GA used is 80-120 ppm per cutting root, and the treated cutting root is obtained for later use;

[0009] (3) Cutting: insert the cutting roots processed in step (2) into the matrix soil in step (1), sprinkle with clean water for 0.4-0.6 hours, and then build a small arch shed. The plastic film of the small arch shed has a thickness of 0.08-0.12 mm, a width of 1.0-1.2 m, and a height of 35-55 cm. After 6-8 days, surviving cutting seedlings are obtained;

[0010] (4) Root irrigation: Use 0.8-1.2 mMol of amino acids to irrigate the roots of the surviving cutting seedlings, and then irrigate the roots every 28-32 days, and continue irrigating the roots 2-4 times.

[0011] In the above step (1), the soil for cutting planting is treated as follows: a seedling medium is taken, 30% by weight of perlite is added by weight, and after mixing evenly, it is spread in a greenhouse to a width of 0.9-1.1m and a seedling bed height of 9-16cm, and 180-220kg of commercial organic fertilizer and 8-12kg of ternary compound fertilizer are added per mu, wherein the mass ratio of N, P and K of the ternary compound fertilizer is 13-17:13-17:13-17, and the mixture is mixed evenly, and then 2.5-5.5kg of 3% phoxim is spread per mu to obtain the matrix soil for later use.

[0012] Specifically, in the aforementioned step (1), the soil for cutting planting is treated as follows: a seedling medium is taken, 30% by weight of perlite is added by weight, and after mixing evenly, it is spread in a greenhouse to a width of 1-1.2 m and a seedling bed height of 10-15 cm, and 200 kg of commercial organic fertilizer and 10 kg of ternary compound fertilizer are added per mu, wherein the mass ratio of N, P and K of the ternary compound fertilizer is 15:15:15, and the mixture is mixed evenly, and then 3-5 kg ​​of 3% phoxim is spread per mu to obtain the matrix soil for later use.

[0013] In the above step (2), the cutting branches are selected and processed; Pueraria lobata vines with a lignification degree of 80-100% are selected as cutting roots, and the cut surface of the cutting root is dipped in the plant growth regulator GA (gibberellic acid) for 8-10 seconds and then taken out, the amount of GA used is 90-110ppm per cutting root, and the treated cutting roots are obtained for standby use.

[0014] Specifically, in the aforementioned step (2), the cutting branches are selected and processed; Pueraria lobata vines with a lignification degree of 100% are selected as cutting roots, and the cut surface of the cutting root is dipped in the plant growth regulator GA for 9 seconds and then taken out, the dosage of GA is 100ppm per cutting root, and the treated cutting root is obtained for standby use.

[0015] In the aforementioned step (3), cuttings: insert the cutting roots processed in step (2) into the matrix soil in step (1), sprinkle with clean water for 0.45-0.55 hours, and then build a small arch shed. The plastic film thickness of the small arch shed is 0.09-0.11 mm, the width is 1.05-1.15 m, and the height is 40-50 cm. After 7 days, surviving cutting seedlings are obtained.

[0016] Specifically, in the aforementioned step (3), cuttings: insert the cutting roots processed in step (2) into the matrix soil in step (1), sprinkle with clean water for 0.5 hours, and then build a small arch shed. The plastic film of the small arch shed is 0.1 mm thick, 1.1 m wide, and 40-50 cm high. After 7 days, surviving cutting seedlings are obtained.

[0017] In the above step (4), root irrigation treatment: 1 mMol of amino acids is used to irrigate the roots of the surviving cutting seedlings, and then irrigate the roots once every 30 days, and continue irrigating the roots for 3 times.

[0018] Specifically, in the aforementioned step (4), the amino acid is glutamic acid, lysine or aspartic acid.

[0019] More specifically, in the aforementioned step (4), the amino acid is preferably glutamic acid.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. Selecting the conditions of seedling medium + 30% perlite, GA as a growth regulator, and 100% lignification of cutting roots, the survival rate can reach 93.33%, while the survival rate of other cutting conditions in the same period is only 83%.

[0022] 2. Considering the yield of Pueraria root as the key indicator, the surviving cuttings were taken and root irrigation was carried out with aspartic acid added under the seedling medium + 30% perlite. The yield was the best, and the equivalent yield reached 265.53 kg / mu.

[0023] 3. The method of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, has a high survival rate and high yield, and is suitable for industrial promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 : Photos of Pueraria root with different degrees of lignification;

[0025] Figure 2 Photos of Pueraria cuttings processing;

[0026] Figure 3 : Photos of Pueraria root after it was planted in the ground.

[0027] Specific implementation method

[0028] Embodiment 1:

[0029] (1) Soil treatment for cutting planting: Take a seedling medium, add 30% perlite by weight, mix well, and spread it in a greenhouse to a width of 1-1.2m and a seedling bed height of 10-15cm. Add 200kg of commercial organic fertilizer and 10kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu, wherein the mass ratio of N, P and K of the ternary compound fertilizer is 15:15:15, mix well, and then spread 4kg of 3% phoxim per mu to obtain a matrix soil for standby use;

[0030] (2) Selection and treatment of cuttings; Pueraria lobata vines with a lignification degree of 100% were selected as cutting roots, and the cut surface of the cutting root was dipped in plant growth regulator GA for 9 seconds and then taken out. The amount of GA used was 100 ppm per cutting root, and the treated cutting root was obtained and set aside;

[0031] (3) Cutting: insert the cutting roots processed in step (2) into the matrix soil in step (1), sprinkle with clean water for 0.5 h, and then build a small arch shed. The plastic film of the small arch shed is 0.1 mm thick, 1.1 m wide, and 40-50 cm high. After 7 days, surviving cutting seedlings are obtained;

[0032] (4) Root irrigation: Use 1 mM glutamic acid to irrigate the roots of the surviving cutting seedlings, and then irrigate the roots every 30 days for 3 consecutive times.

[0033] Embodiment 2:

[0034] (1) Soil treatment for cutting planting: Take a seedling medium, add 35% perlite by weight, mix well, and spread it into a seedling bed with a width of 1.2m and a height of 15-17cm in a greenhouse. Add 250kg of commercial organic fertilizer and 15kg of triple compound fertilizer per mu, with the mass ratio of N, P and K of the triple compound fertilizer being 13:17:17. Mix well, and then spread 6kg of 3% phoxim per mu to obtain the matrix soil for later use.

[0035] (2) Selection and treatment of cuttings: Pueraria lobata vines with a lignification degree of 80% were selected as cuttings, and the cut surface of the cuttings was dipped in plant growth regulator GA for 6 seconds and then taken out. The amount of GA used was 80 ppm per cutting, and the treated cuttings were obtained for later use;

[0036] (3) Cutting: insert the cutting roots processed in step (2) into the matrix soil in step (1), sprinkle with clean water for 0.6 hours, and then build a small arch shed. The plastic film thickness of the small arch shed is 0.08 mm, the width is 1.2 m, and the height is 45-55 cm. After 6 days, surviving cutting seedlings are obtained;

[0037] (4) Root irrigation: 0.8 mMol of glutamic acid was used to irrigate the roots of the surviving cutting seedlings. The root irrigation was then performed once every 28 days for two consecutive times.

[0038] Embodiment 3:

[0039] (1) Soil treatment for cutting planting: Take a seedling medium, add 25% perlite by weight, mix well, and spread it into a seedling bed with a width of 0.8m and a height of 8-15cm in a greenhouse, and add 150kg of commercial organic fertilizer and 5kg of triple compound fertilizer per mu, with the mass ratio of N, P and K of the triple compound fertilizer being 17:13:13. Mix well, and then spread 2kg of 3% phoxim per mu to obtain the matrix soil for later use;

[0040] (2) Selection and treatment of cuttings: Pueraria lobata vines with a lignification degree of 50% were selected as cuttings, and the cut surface of the cuttings was dipped in plant growth regulator GA for 12 seconds and then taken out. The amount of GA used was 120 ppm per cutting, and the treated cuttings were obtained for later use;

[0041] (3) Cutting: insert the cutting roots processed in step (2) into the matrix soil in step (1), sprinkle with clean water for 0.4 hours, and then build a small arch shed. The plastic film thickness of the small arch shed is 0.12 mm, the width is 1.0 m, and the height is 35-45 cm. After 8 days, the surviving cutting seedlings are obtained;

[0042] (4) Root irrigation: 1.2 mMol of glutamic acid was used to irrigate the roots of the surviving cutting seedlings. The root irrigation was then repeated every 32 days for 4 times.

[0043] Embodiment 4:

[0044] (1) Soil treatment for cutting planting: Take a seedling medium, add 30% perlite by weight, mix well, and spread it into a seedling bed with a width of 0.9m and a height of 9cm in a greenhouse. Add 180kg of commercial organic fertilizer and 7kg of triple compound fertilizer per mu, with the mass ratio of N, P and K of the triple compound fertilizer being 17:16:15. Mix well, and then spread 4.5kg of 3% phoxim per mu to obtain the matrix soil for later use.

[0045] (2) Selection and treatment of cuttings; Pueraria lobata vines with a lignification degree of 80% were selected as cutting roots, and the cut surface of the cutting root was dipped in plant growth regulator GA for 9 seconds and then taken out. The amount of GA used was 90 ppm per cutting root, and the treated cutting root was obtained and set aside;

[0046] (3) Cutting: insert the cutting roots processed in step (2) into the matrix soil in step (1), sprinkle with clean water for 0.45 hours, and then build a small arch shed. The plastic film of the small arch shed is 0.09 mm thick, 1.05 m wide, and 40-50 cm high. After 7 days, surviving cutting seedlings are obtained;

[0047] (4) Root irrigation: 0.9 mMol of glutamic acid was used to irrigate the roots of the surviving cutting seedlings. The root irrigation was then performed every 29 days for three times.

[0048] Embodiment 5:

[0049] (1) Soil treatment for cutting planting: Take a seedling medium, add 30% perlite by weight, mix well, and spread it into a seedling bed with a width of 1.1m and a height of 10-15cm in a greenhouse. Add 220kg of commercial organic fertilizer and 12kg of triple compound fertilizer per mu, with the mass ratio of N, P and K of the triple compound fertilizer being 14:17:16. Mix well, and then spread 5kg of 3% phoxim per mu to obtain the matrix soil for later use.

[0050] (2) Selection and treatment of cuttings; Pueraria lobata vines with a lignification degree of 100% were selected as cutting roots, and the cut surface of the cutting root was dipped in the plant growth regulator GA for 11 seconds and then taken out. The amount of GA used was 110 ppm per cutting root, and the treated cutting root was obtained and set aside;

[0051] (3) Cutting: insert the cutting roots processed in step (2) into the matrix soil in step (1), sprinkle with clean water for 0.55 hours, and then build a small arch shed. The plastic film of the small arch shed is 0.11 mm thick, 1.1 m wide, and 45-55 cm high. After 7 days, surviving cutting seedlings are obtained;

[0052] (4) Root irrigation: 1.1 mM aspartic acid was used to irrigate the roots of the surviving cutting seedlings. The root irrigation was then performed every 31 days for three times.

[0053] Embodiment 6:

[0054] (1) Soil treatment for cutting planting: Take a seedling medium, add 30% perlite by weight, mix well, and spread it in a greenhouse to a width of 1-1.2m and a seedling bed height of 10-15cm. Add 200kg of commercial organic fertilizer and 10kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu, wherein the mass ratio of N, P and K of the ternary compound fertilizer is 15:15:15, mix well, and then spread 4kg of 3% phoxim per mu to obtain a matrix soil for standby use;

[0055] (2) Selection and treatment of cuttings; Pueraria lobata vines with a lignification degree of 100% were selected as cutting roots, and the cut surface of the cutting root was dipped in plant growth regulator GA for 9 seconds and then taken out. The amount of GA used was 100 ppm per cutting root, and the treated cutting root was obtained and set aside;

[0056] (3) Cutting: insert the cutting roots processed in step (2) into the matrix soil in step (1), sprinkle with clean water for 0.5 h, and then build a small arch shed. The plastic film of the small arch shed is 0.1 mm thick, 1.1 m wide, and 40-50 cm high. After 7 days, surviving cutting seedlings are obtained;

[0057] (4) Root irrigation: Use 1 mM glutamic acid to irrigate the roots of the surviving cutting seedlings, and then irrigate the roots every 30 days for 3 consecutive times.

[0058] Embodiment 7:

[0059] (1) Soil treatment for cutting planting: Take a seedling medium, add 30% perlite by weight, mix well, and spread it in a greenhouse to a width of 1-1.2m and a seedling bed height of 10-15cm. Add 200kg of commercial organic fertilizer and 10kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu, wherein the mass ratio of N, P and K of the ternary compound fertilizer is 15:15:15, mix well, and then spread 4kg of 3% phoxim per mu to obtain a matrix soil for standby use;

[0060] (2) Selection and treatment of cuttings; Pueraria lobata vines with a lignification degree of 100% were selected as cutting roots, and the cut surface of the cutting root was dipped in plant growth regulator GA for 9 seconds and then taken out. The amount of GA used was 100 ppm per cutting root, and the treated cutting root was obtained and set aside;

[0061] (3) Cutting: insert the cutting roots processed in step (2) into the matrix soil in step (1), sprinkle with clean water for 0.5 h, and then build a small arch shed. The plastic film of the small arch shed is 0.1 mm thick, 1.1 m wide, and 40-50 cm high. After 7 days, surviving cutting seedlings are obtained;

[0062] (4) Root irrigation: Use 1 mM lysine to irrigate the roots of the surviving cutting seedlings, and then irrigate the roots every 30 days for 3 consecutive times.

[0063] The inventors conducted the following experiments to verify the effects of the present invention:

[0064] 1. Materials and methods

[0065] 1.1 Test materials and locations

[0066] The kudzu root introduced from the kudzu base in Pingba District, Anshun City, Guizhou Province in 2023 was selected, and the kudzu vines with strong growth and no diseases and insect pests were selected as cutting materials. The experimental site was selected in the Morning Star Greenhouse of Guiyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

[0067] 1.2 Experimental design

[0068] A full factorial experiment was conducted with three factors, namely, substrate type, treatment with different plant growth regulators, and lignification degree of cutting seedlings, to explore the optimal conditions for the survival of cutting seedlings. Each treatment had 10 cutting seedlings, and each treatment was repeated 3 times. At the same time, different amino acids were selected to irrigate the roots of the surviving cutting seedlings, and the effect of amino acid application on the growth of cutting seedlings was studied with yield as the key indicator.

[0069] The seedling medium is Stanley organic nutrient soil, the manufacturer is Stanley Agricultural Group Co., Ltd.; the commercial organic fertilizer is Stanley commodity, the manufacturer is Stanley Agricultural Group Co., Ltd.;

[0070] Plant growth regulators: indolebutyric acid (IBA), indoleacetic acid (IAA), gibberellin (GA), naphthylacetic acid (NAA) etc. were purchased from Sangon Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.

[0071] Substrate selection: A1: seedling substrate; A2: seedling substrate + 30% perlite; A3: seedling substrate + 30% vermiculite; A4: seedling substrate + 30% perlite + 30% vermiculite.

[0072] Plant growth regulator selection: B1: IBA (1000ppm); B2: IAA (2000ppm); B3: GA (100ppm); B4: NAA (1000ppm).

[0073] The degree of lignification of cutting seedlings: C1: 0; C2: 0%~50%; C3: 50%~80%; C4: 80%~100%.

[0074] Amino acid selection: Glutamic acid (1mMol), Lysine (1mMol), Aspartic acid (1mMol)

[0075] 1.3 Experimental steps

[0076] (1) Soil treatment for cutting planting

[0077] On November 20, 2023, different types of substrates were selected and four substrates were configured: seedling substrate, seedling substrate + 30% perlite, seedling substrate + 30% vermiculite, and seedling substrate + 30% perlite + 30% vermiculite. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, and the substrate was used to form a 1.1m wide and 10-15cm high seedling bed. At the same time, fertilizers were added and mixed at a ratio of 200kg of commercial organic fertilizer and 10kg of triple compound fertilizer (15:15:15) per mu, and then 2-6kg of 3% phoxim was spread per mu to prevent pests.

[0078] (2) Cuttings

[0079] On November 24, 2023, the kudzu vines were divided into four categories according to the degree of lignification, namely 0, 0%-50%, 50%-80%, and 80%-100%. The vines were cut into 5-6 cm long with scissors, and the cuts should be smooth to avoid tearing the stem bark.

[0080] Different concentrations of IBA (1000ppm), IAA (2000ppm), GA (100ppm), and NAA (1000ppm) were prepared as plant growth regulators, and the root sections of Pueraria cuttings were dipped in the plant growth regulators for 8-10s, then taken out and inserted into different prepared substrates.

[0081] After 0.5 hours of water irrigation, a small arch shed was built (the plastic film thickness of the small arch shed was 0.1 mm, the width was 1.1 m, and the height was 40-50 cm, which could increase the growth temperature of the cutting seedlings by 2-5 degrees Celsius, and the humidity in the shed could reach 80%-90%). After 7 days, the surviving cutting seedlings were obtained.

[0082] (3) Root irrigation: Root irrigation of surviving cutting seedlings was performed with glutamic acid (1 mMol), lysine (1 mMol), and aspartic acid (1 mMol), respectively. Root irrigation was then performed every 30 days for three consecutive times.

[0083] (4) Data measurement

[0084] 7 days after cutting, the number of surviving Pueraria cuttings in each treatment group was measured and the survival rate was calculated. After the cuttings survived, routine water and fertilizer management was implemented, and 6 months later, the Pueraria yield of each treatment was measured.

[0085] 1.4 Data Processing

[0086] Data processing was performed using WPS and SPSS22.0.

[0087] 2. Results and Analysis

[0088] 2.1 Effects of different substrates on the survival rate of Pueraria cuttings

[0089] The matrix is ​​the main environment for the growth of cuttings, and different matrix components have different effects on the rooting and survival of cuttings. Four matrix formulas were used to explore their effects on the survival rate of Pueraria cuttings. The results showed that the survival rates of Pueraria cuttings in the seedling matrix + 30% vermiculite (A3) and seedling matrix + 30% perlite + 30% vermiculite (A4) treatment groups were higher, at 40.21% and 38.33%, respectively; followed by the seedling matrix + 30% perlite (A2) treatment group, with a survival rate of 31.67%; the survival rate of Pueraria cuttings in the seedling matrix (A1) treatment group was the lowest, only 25.83%. In the process of Pueraria cuttings, only using the seedling matrix has the disadvantages of poor water retention and easy hardening, which is not conducive to the rooting and survival of Pueraria cuttings. After adding components such as perlite or vermiculite, it is beneficial to the retention of water and nutrients in the matrix and improve the survival rate of cuttings. Therefore, during the breeding process of Pueraria lobata cuttings, appropriate ingredients such as perlite or vermiculite can be added to help improve the survival rate of cuttings.

[0090] Table 1 Effects of different substrates on the survival rate of Pueraria cuttings

[0091]

[0092] Note: Different lowercase letters in the significance column represent that the differences between the groups are significant at the 0.05 difference level, and the same lowercase letters represent that the differences are not significant.

[0093] 2.2 Effects of different plant growth regulators on the survival rate of Pueraria cuttings

[0094] Plant growth regulators can promote the occurrence of adventitious roots and the rooting and survival of in vitro tissues within an appropriate concentration, and have been widely used in the cutting propagation technology of various crops. In the study of Pueraria cuttings, four commonly used growth regulators were used for pretreatment. The results showed that the GA (B3) treatment group had the highest survival rate of 36.67%, followed by the NAA (B4) and IAA (B2) treatment groups, with survival rates of 34.58%; the IBA (B1) treatment group had the lowest survival rate of Pueraria cuttings, which was 30.21%. The effects of the four plant growth regulators on the survival rate of Pueraria at a concentration of 1ppm were not significant at the 0.05 difference level, which may be related to the fact that the responses of Pueraria cuttings to these four types of growth regulators were basically the same. Therefore, in the process of breeding Pueraria cuttings, appropriate growth regulators can be selected according to one's own conditions.

[0095] Table 2 Effects of different plant growth regulators on the survival rate of Pueraria cuttings

[0096]

[0097] Note: Different lowercase letters in the significance column represent that the differences between the groups are significant at the 0.05 difference level, and the same lowercase letters represent that the differences are not significant.

[0098] 2.3 Effect of the degree of lignification of cuttings on the survival rate of Pueraria cuttings

[0099] The degree of lignification of cutting branches is closely related to the survival rate of cuttings. The present invention uses kudzu root branches with four degrees of lignification to conduct cutting tests. The research results show that the survival rate increases with the degree of lignification. The survival rate of cutting branches with lignification of more than 80% (C4) is the highest, reaching 68.33%; followed by the lignification 50% to 80% (C3) treatment group, with a survival rate of 43.54%; the survival rate of tender branches with lignification of 0% (C1) is the lowest, only 3.13%. Pueraria root cutting seedlings are generally bred in autumn and winter. Branches with a high degree of lignification can better resist the low temperature and dry climate in autumn and winter, and young and tender parts are more likely to lose water and die. Therefore, in the process of breeding kudzu root cutting seedlings, it is advisable to select branches with a high degree of lignification as cutting materials, which is conducive to improving the survival rate of cutting seedlings.

[0100] Table 3 Effect of lignification degree of cuttings on the survival rate of Pueraria cuttings

[0101]

[0102] Note: Different lowercase letters in the significance column represent that the differences between the groups are significant at the 0.05 difference level, and the same lowercase letters represent that the differences are not significant.

[0103] 2.4 Combined effects of substrate, growth regulators and branch lignification on survival rate

[0104] SPSS software was used to analyze the main effects of the three main influencing factors on the survival rate, and the comprehensive effects of the three factors on the survival rate of Pueraria cuttings were determined. The analysis results showed that among the three factors, the degree of lignification of cuttings (C) had the greatest effect on the survival rate of Pueraria cuttings, which was significant at the 0.05 difference level; followed by the type of matrix (A); the type of growth regulator (B) had the least effect on the survival rate of Pueraria cuttings, and was not significant at the 0.05 difference level. Therefore, in the process of Pueraria cuttings seedling breeding, cuttings with a high degree of lignification should be selected as cutting materials, and the appropriate seedling medium can effectively improve the survival rate of Pueraria cuttings.

[0105] Table 4 Comprehensive effects of three factors on the survival rate of Pueraria cuttings

[0106]

[0107] Although the overall survival rate of Pueraria cuttings was at a low level in the single factor analysis, through the comprehensive selection of three factors, four treatment groups had a higher survival rate of more than 80%; among them, the A2B3C4 treatment combination had the highest survival rate, reaching 93.33%.

[0108] Table 5 Treatment groups with higher survival rates

[0109]

[0110] 2.5 Effects of different substrates and amino acids on the yield of Pueraria lobata cuttings

[0111] Amino acids play an important role in promoting plant growth. Glutamic acid participates in nitrogen metabolism and amino acid synthesis, affecting plant growth and stress resistance; lysine is an essential amino acid, acting as a signal molecule or participating in metabolic regulation in plants; aspartic acid plays an important role in nitrogen metabolism and energy cycle. The results show that when the seedling matrix + 30% perlite is used as the matrix, the maximum yield of aspartic acid applied is 265.53 kg / mu; when the seedling matrix + 30% perlite + 30% vermiculite is used, the yield of lysine applied is the lowest, only 130.17 kg / mu, only 49.02% of the maximum yield.

[0112] Table 6 Effects of different substrates and amino acids on the yield of Pueraria cuttings

[0113]

[0114] 3. Discussion and Conclusion

[0115] The results of this study show that different substrates and different degrees of lignification of cuttings have a significant effect on the survival rate of Pueraria cuttings. The effect of plant growth regulators depends on other factors, such as substrate conditions or cutting status. If the substrate itself is not suitable, the regulator will hardly work.

[0116] Different substrates and different amino acids have significant effects on kudzu root yield. During the 6-month growth period of kudzu root, the theoretical yield per mu of kudzu root with seedling substrate + 30% perlite is the highest, far greater than other types of substrates. It is speculated that perlite can increase soil permeability and vermiculite can enhance soil water retention, but excessive water retention will cause the substrate to be too moist, which will affect the health of the kudzu root roots, leading to root rot or lack of oxygen, thereby reducing yield. In addition, vermiculite has a higher cation exchange capacity (CEC) and can absorb more nutrients, but it will cause the nutrient release rate in the substrate to be too slow, which may also be the reason for the low yield of kudzu root.

[0117] In actual production, if you pay attention to the survival rate of cuttings, you should choose the conditions of seedling medium + 30% perlite, GA as a root dipping agent, and 100% lignification degree. The highest survival rate can reach 93.33%. Considering the kudzu root yield as the key indicator, the best treatment is the seedling medium + 30% perlite and root irrigation with aspartic acid.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the survival rate of kudzu root cutting seedlings, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) Soil treatment for cutting planting: Take a seedling medium, add 25-35% perlite by weight, mix well, and spread it in a greenhouse to form a seedling bed with a width of 0.8-1.2m and a height of 8-17cm. Add 150-250kg of commercial organic fertilizer and 5-15kg of triple compound fertilizer per mu, mix well, and then spread 2-6kg of 3% phoxim per mu to obtain a matrix soil for standby use; (2) Selection and treatment of cuttings; select kudzu root vines with a lignification degree of 50-100% as cutting roots, dip the cut surface of the cutting root in plant growth regulator GA for 6-12 seconds and then take it out. The amount of GA used is 80-120 ppm per cutting root, and the treated cutting root is obtained for later use; (3) Cutting: insert the cutting roots processed in step (2) into the matrix soil in step (1), sprinkle with clean water for 0.4-0.6 hours, and then build a small arch shed. The plastic film of the small arch shed has a thickness of 0.08-0.12 mm, a width of 1.0-1.2 m, and a height of 35-55 cm. After 6-8 days, surviving cutting seedlings are obtained; (4) Root irrigation: Use 0.8-1.2 mMol of amino acids to irrigate the roots of the surviving cutting seedlings, and then irrigate the roots every 28-32 days, and continue irrigating the roots 2-4 times.

2. The method for improving the survival rate and yield of Pueraria lobata cutting seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (1), the soil for cutting planting is treated by taking a seedling medium, adding 30% by weight of perlite by weight, mixing evenly, and spreading it in a greenhouse to a width of 0.9-1.1m and a seedling bed height of 9-16cm, and adding 180-220kg of commercial organic fertilizer and 8-12kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu, wherein the mass ratio of N, P and K of the ternary compound fertilizer is 13-17:13-17:13-17, mixing evenly, and then spreading 2.5-5.5kg of 3% phoxim per mu to obtain a matrix soil for later use.

3. The method for improving the survival rate and yield of Pueraria lobata cutting seedlings according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the step (1), the soil for cutting planting is treated by taking a seedling medium, adding 30% by weight of perlite by weight, mixing evenly, and spreading it in a greenhouse to a width of 1-1.2m and a seedling bed height of 10-15cm, and adding 200kg of commercial organic fertilizer and 10kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu, wherein the mass ratio of N, P and K of the ternary compound fertilizer is 15:15:15, mixing evenly, and then spreading 3-5kg of 3% phoxim per mu to obtain a matrix soil for later use.

4. The method for improving the survival rate and yield of Pueraria lobata cutting seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (2), the cutting branches are selected and processed; Pueraria lobata vines with a lignification degree of 80-100% are selected as cutting roots, and the cutting root sections are dipped in plant growth regulator GA for 8-10 seconds and then taken out, the dosage of GA is 90-110 ppm per cutting root, and the treated cutting roots are obtained for standby use.

5. The method for improving the survival rate and yield of Pueraria lobata cutting seedlings according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step (2), the cutting branches are selected and processed; Pueraria lobata vines with a lignification degree of 100% are selected as cutting roots, and the cut surface of the cutting root is dipped in plant growth regulator GA for 9 seconds and then taken out, the dosage of GA is 100ppm per cutting root, and the treated cutting root is obtained for standby use.

6. The method for improving the survival rate and yield of Pueraria lobata cutting seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (3), cuttings: insert the cutting roots processed in step (2) into the matrix soil in step (1), sprinkle with clean water for 0.45-0.55 hours, and then build a small arch shed. The plastic film of the small arch shed has a thickness of 0.09-0.11 mm, a width of 1.05-1.15 m, and a height of 40-50 cm. After 7 days, surviving cutting seedlings are obtained.

7. The method for improving the survival rate and yield of Pueraria lobata cutting seedlings according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step (3), cuttings: insert the cutting roots processed in step (2) into the matrix soil in step (1), sprinkle with clean water for 0.5 hours, and then build a small arch shed. The plastic film of the small arch shed is 0.1 mm thick, 1.1 m wide, and 40-50 cm high. After 7 days, surviving cutting seedlings are obtained.

8. The method for improving the survival rate and yield of Pueraria lobata cutting seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (4), the root irrigation treatment is: 1 mMol of amino acids is used to irrigate the roots of the surviving cutting seedlings, and then irrigate the roots once every 30 days, and continue to irrigate the roots for 3 times.

9. The method for improving the survival rate and yield of Pueraria lobata cutting seedlings according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: In the step (4), the amino acid is glutamic acid, lysine or aspartic acid.

10. The method for improving the survival rate and yield of Pueraria lobata cutting seedlings according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the step (4), the amino acid is preferably glutamic acid.

Images