Camellia oleifera grafting seedling raising device and method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of seedling raising, and discloses an oil tea grafting seedling raising device and method, which comprises a support, equidistant ring frames are arranged in the support, seedling raising bags are arranged in the ring frames, and an arrangement assembly for driving the ring frames to be arranged in a stepped manner is arranged on the support. The application can realize the following effects: when weeds in the seedling raising bags are cleaned, the seedling raising bags are arranged in a stepped manner from left to right in a descending order of height, the seedlings in the adjacent seedling raising bags are not staggered, in the subsequent cleaning of the weeds, the seedlings and the weeds in the adjacent seedling raising bags do not interfere with each other, the cleaning operation is facilitated, the seedling raising bags can be arranged while the bottoms of the seedling raising bags are supported, in the subsequent cleaning of the weeds, the bottoms of the seedling raising bags are not damaged, and the weeds can be better cleaned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of seedling technology, and specifically relates to a grafting seedling device and method for Camellia oleifera. Background Technology

[0002] Camellia oleifera grafting is an important technique for improving varieties, increasing yield, and enhancing disease resistance. It mainly involves two methods: bud grafting and top grafting. Camellia oleifera grafting preserves superior traits through asexual reproduction, while bud grafting is suitable for large-scale seedling production. Top grafting is used for the transformation of low-yield forests, and grafting camellias combines economic and ornamental value. The key lies in mastering the timing of grafting, the quality of the scion, and meticulous management to improve the survival rate and seedling quality. When cultivating grafted seedlings, they need to be planted in seedling bags. Because the seedling bags are arranged closely together, the seedlings and weeds in adjacent bags can interfere with weed control, affecting the weeding process. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a Camellia oleifera grafting seedling raising device and method, thereby resolving the issues raised in the background section.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A method for propagating Camellia oleifera seedlings by grafting, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Prepare the seedbed: Select a nursery, clear away weeds, shrubs, and stones within the nursery area, level the site, and lay out the seedling raising equipment.

[0007] S2 seedling rootstock cultivation: Select large, plump seeds that are free from mold, shriveling, pests, and have good purity. Before sowing, soak the seeds in a 1% potassium permanganate solution for 0.5 hours, then pour off the solution, cover the seeds, and let them sit for 1 hour. Rinse them thoroughly with clean water, spread them out to air dry, and set up a sand bed on a clean surface in the nursery, ensuring good drainage. The sand bed should be 1.1-1.2m wide and 25-35cm high. Lay a 10cm thick layer of damp sand at the bottom, then spread the sterilized seeds evenly on the damp sand, avoiding overlapping, and cover with another 10cm layer. Thick, moist sand is covered with a thin film to ensure that the humidity inside the film is controlled at 60%-70%. Using medium-coarse sand or other superior materials with good air permeability and strong moisture retention for sand stratification and germination not only effectively reduces the mold rate of seeds and reduces the problem of seed rot caused by excessive humidity or poor air permeability, but also significantly improves the germination rate of seeds, enabling more seeds to germinate successfully. At the same time, the length of the radicle is also increased, laying a solid foundation for subsequent grafting work and ensuring the success rate and seedling quality of Camellia oleifera bud grafting.

[0008] S3 scion collection and processing: Select vigorous and disease-free good varieties from the designated Camellia oleifera scion orchard. The scions should be semi-lignified current-year branches with plump buds and free from diseases and pests. After collection, wrap them in a damp towel and store them in a cool place. The scions should not be stored for more than 3 days.

[0009] S4 grafting: Gently dig the pre-germinated rootstock seedlings from the sand bed by hand or with a shovel, place them in a bamboo basket, and rinse the sand off the rootstock with clean water. Soak them in a 500-fold dilution of methyl thiophanate for 10 minutes, drain the water, and transport them to the operating room. When lifting the rootstock, be careful not to knock off the cotyledons or damage the roots. Place the cleaned and dried rootstock on the operating table, disinfect the grafting knife with 75% alcohol, cut the hypocotyl 2.0-2.5cm above the cotyledons, and make a 1.0cm-1.5cm longitudinal cut along the hypocotyl midline from top to bottom. Retain about 5cm of the rootstock root, and remove the excess root portion. The remaining 6-7cm of the rootstock root can also be used as rootstock. Select rootstocks with plump leaf buds. Alternatively, take a scion from the terminal bud, make a cut 0.5cm below the bud on both sides, creating two slanted cuts 0.5-0.8cm long. Then cut it 0.2-0.3cm above the bud tip to form a scion. The leaves on the scion can be retained entirely or half removed. Place the prepared scion in a pot for later use. It is best to use it immediately after preparation and not leave it for too long. Insert the scion into the cut of the rootstock, and wrap the graft union with prepared aluminum foil. Place the grafted seedling in a cool, shady place for planting, and cover it with a damp cloth to avoid sunlight. This method successfully achieves grafting 2-3 scions onto each root segment, cultivating 2-3 seedlings from one seed, and significantly improving seedling efficiency.

[0010] S5 Planting: Plant the grafted seedlings into the prepared nutrient pots in time, one seedling per pot, and press them down appropriately to ensure that the roots are in close contact with the substrate. Plant them upright and firmly, and water them thoroughly with a spray bottle. The planting depth should be such that the grafting interface of the grafted seedling is just exposed outside the substrate.

[0011] S5 grafting post-treatment management:

[0012] (1) Temperature control and humidification

[0013] By spraying water in the morning and evening to cool down, the temperature inside the shade structure is controlled at around 26-28℃ and the humidity is controlled at around 80%, which ensures the healing and regeneration of the grafted seedlings at the grafting point.

[0014] (2) Pest and disease control

[0015] Common diseases and pests affecting camellia seedlings include camellia soft rot, camellia root rot, and tea green leafhopper. Targeted control methods are developed for each disease and pest, detailed below:

[0016] Camellia oleifera soft rot, also known as leaf blight, mainly affects the leaves of Camellia oleifera, causing them to soften and rot and fall off. Symptoms primarily include yellow spots appearing on the middle and tip of the leaves that rapidly expand, especially in high humidity and temperatures between 15-25℃. Control methods: When the disease occurs, spray with a 100-300 times dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder or a 1000-1500 times dilution of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, repeating every 10-15 days. Simultaneously, promptly remove diseased plants, as well as sprouting shoots, drooping branches, and weeds.

[0017] Camellia oleifera root rot, also known as white rot, mainly occurs at the base of the stem or rhizome of seedlings near the ground. Initially, dark brown spots appear on the bark, which then expand into blocky rotten lesions. It generally begins to occur in early June, and the peak period of the disease is in July and August when the temperature rises. Control methods: In the early stage of the disease, drench the seedling roots with 1% copper sulfate solution, or 30% hymexazol at 1000-2000 times dilution, or 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder at 400 times dilution, or 20% quicklime water.

[0018] The tea green leafhopper primarily feeds on the sap of tender buds and leaves, consuming nutrients and water. Affected buds and leaves show yellowing and scorching edges, reddening veins, stunted growth, hardening, and even leaf drop. Control methods: During the nymph stage, a 25% [unspecified treatment] can be applied. A 1000-1500 times dilution of methamidophos wettable powder or a 1500 times dilution of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder;

[0019] (3) Remove sprouts and buds

[0020] Forty days after planting, the graft union of the camellia seedlings begins to heal, and some sprouts will grow on the rootstock. These sprouts should be pruned, and the film should be covered again. During the film-covered cultivation period, weeds will grow on the seedbed, and the film should be removed in time. Weeds and sprouts should be removed every 20 days, and flower buds on the scion should be removed in time in the later stage.

[0021] (4) Watering, weeding, and fertilizing

[0022] Container seedlings should not be waterlogged or dry. If water shortage is found, spray water in time. When weeding and removing sprouts, water should be added every time the film is uncovered. The amount of water sprayed depends on the moisture of the seedbed and container soil. Water less in the early stage and more in the later stage. Place a temperature and humidity monitor in the seedbed to ensure that the humidity of the seedbed is 80% and the temperature is between 26-28℃.

[0023] 60 days after planting, apply a 1:1 mixture of urea and compound fertilizer twice, with a concentration of 0.4%-0.5%, approximately 15 days apart. Fertilization should be carried out on sunny or cloudy days before 10:00 AM or after 4:00 PM.

[0024] (5) Covering and removing film

[0025] Covering: After grafting is completed, plant the seedlings in containers and cover them with film to keep them warm and moist.

[0026] Removing the film: By September, the seedlings' root systems are well-developed and the seedlings have reached a certain height. As the temperature drops and evaporation decreases, the film can be opened at both ends. After 2-3 days, the film can be completely removed. In October, as the temperature drops and sunlight weakens, the shade structure can be removed.

[0027] This invention also discloses a Camellia oleifera grafting seedling raising device, including a support frame, with ring frames evenly spaced inside the support frame, and seedling bags inside the ring frames. The support frame is provided with an arrangement component for driving multiple ring frames to be arranged in a stepped manner. The arrangement component includes: a vertical plate, a connecting plate, a slider, and a driving component for driving the slider to rise. The multiple ring frames are arranged sequentially from left to right. The vertical plate is fixedly installed on the right side of the ring frames except for the rightmost ring frame. The slider is fixedly installed on the left side of the leftmost ring frame. The connecting plate is fixedly installed on the left side of the ring frames except for the leftmost ring frame. The vertical plate has a vertical groove on the side near the connecting plate, and the connecting plate is slidably installed in the vertical groove.

[0028] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes: a lead screw, a carrier plate, a rotating rod, a sprocket, a chain, and a handle; the bracket has a movable groove on the side near the ring frame, the lead screw is rotatably installed in the movable groove, the slider is threaded onto the outside of the lead screw, the top of the lead screw extends to the outside of the movable groove, the carrier plate is fixedly installed on one side of the bracket, the rotating rod is rotatably installed on the top of the carrier plate, the sprocket is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating rod and the lead screw, the two sprockets are connected by a chain, and the handle is fixedly installed on the top of the sprocket above the carrier plate.

[0029] Furthermore, the vertical plate is symmetrically provided with support plates on its exterior, and a transmission component is provided on the exterior of the vertical plate for driving the support plates to move to the bottom of the seedling bag to support the seedling bag.

[0030] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes: a mounting frame, a rotating shaft, a torsion spring, a swing arm, a crossbar, a limiting block, a limiting rod, and a rotating assembly for driving the rotating shaft to rotate; there are two mounting frames, which are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the vertical plate; the rotating shaft is rotatably installed inside the mounting frame; the swing arm is fixedly sleeved outside the rotating shaft; one end of the rotating shaft extends outside the mounting frame; the torsion spring is sleeved on one end of the rotating shaft; both ends of the torsion spring are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft and the mounting frame, respectively; the limiting rod is fixedly installed on the upper part of the swing arm on the side away from the seedling bag; the crossbar is rotatably installed on the upper part of the swing arm; the crossbar is fixedly connected to the support plate; and the limiting block is fixedly installed on the bottom of the crossbar on the side near the swing arm.

[0031] Furthermore, the rotating assembly includes: a gear, a vertical rod, and teeth; there are two vertical rods that are symmetrically fixed on the support, with one pair of vertical rods located on both sides of the seedling bag; there are multiple teeth that are equidistantly arranged on the vertical rods; and the gear is fixedly installed on the other end of the rotating shaft.

[0032] Furthermore, the height of the multiple sets of teeth on the vertical rod decreases sequentially from left to right.

[0033] Furthermore, the seedling bag is made of non-woven fabric and is fixedly connected to the ring frame by bolts.

[0034] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0035] 1. This invention enables multiple seedling bags to be arranged in a stepped manner from left to right when clearing weeds from the seedling bags, so that the seedlings in adjacent seedling bags do not overlap. This prevents the seedlings and weeds in adjacent seedling bags from interfering with each other during subsequent weeding, making the clearing operation easier.

[0036] 2. This invention can support the bottom of the seedling bags while arranging them, so that the bottom of the seedling bags will not be broken when weeding, thus making weeding easier.

[0037] 3. This invention significantly improves the survival rate and seedling quality of high-quality Camellia oleifera varieties through the application of Camellia oleifera bud grafting technology, enabling seedlings to quickly meet the standards for leaving the nursery. At the same time, centralized grafting can effectively reduce labor costs, successfully achieving the grafting of 2-3 scions onto each root segment, cultivating 2-3 seedlings from one seed, and greatly improving seedling efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the camellia oleifera grafting seedling raising device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 1 ;

[0039] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the camellia oleifera grafting seedling raising device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 ;

[0040] Figure 3 An embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0041] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the camellia oleifera grafting seedling raising device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 3 ;

[0042] Figure 5 An embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 4Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0043] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the Camellia oleifera grafting seedling raising device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0044] Figure 7 An embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at point C;

[0045] Figure 8 The diagram shows a Camellia oleifera bud rootstock cultivated in different substrate sands according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the seedlings after grafting according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0047] Figure 10 This diagram illustrates how one seed can cultivate 2-3 seedlings according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] In the diagram: 1. Support frame; 2. Ring frame; 3. Seedling bag; 4. Bolt; 5. Vertical plate; 6. Connecting plate; 7. Slider; 8. Lead screw; 9. Rotating rod; 10. Sprocket; 11. Chain belt; 12. Handle; 13. Support plate; 14. Mounting frame; 15. Rotating shaft; 16. Torsion spring; 17. Swing arm; 18. Horizontal bar; 19. Limiting block; 20. Limiting rod; 21. Gear; 22. Vertical rod; 23. Tooth. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0050] This invention discloses a method for grafting and propagating Camellia oleifera seedlings, such as... Figures 8-10 As shown, this seedling raising method includes the following steps:

[0051] S1. Prepare the seedbed: Select a nursery, clear away weeds, shrubs, and stones within the nursery area, level the site, and lay out the seedling raising equipment.

[0052] S2 seedling rootstock cultivation: Select large, plump seeds that are free from mold, shriveling, pests, and have good purity. Before sowing, soak the seeds in a 1% potassium permanganate solution for 0.5 hours, then pour off the solution, cover the seeds, and let them sit for 1 hour. Rinse them thoroughly with clean water, spread them out to air dry, and set up a sand bed on a clean surface in the nursery, ensuring good drainage. The sand bed should be 1.1-1.2m wide and 25-35cm high. Lay a 10cm thick layer of damp sand at the bottom, then spread the sterilized seeds evenly on the damp sand, avoiding overlapping, and cover with another 10cm layer. Thick, moist sand is covered with a thin film to ensure that the humidity inside the film is controlled at 60%-70%. Using medium-coarse sand or other superior materials with good air permeability and strong moisture retention for sand stratification and germination not only effectively reduces the mold rate of seeds and reduces the problem of seed rot caused by excessive humidity or poor air permeability, but also significantly improves the germination rate of seeds, enabling more seeds to germinate successfully. At the same time, the length of the radicle is also increased, laying a solid foundation for subsequent grafting work and ensuring the success rate and seedling quality of Camellia oleifera bud grafting.

[0053] S3 scion collection and processing: Select vigorous and disease-free good varieties from the designated Camellia oleifera scion orchard. The scions should be semi-lignified current-year branches with plump buds and free from diseases and pests. After collection, wrap them in a damp towel and store them in a cool place. The scions should not be stored for more than 3 days.

[0054] S4 grafting: Gently dig the pre-germinated rootstock seedlings from the sand bed by hand or with a shovel, place them in a bamboo basket, and rinse the sand off the rootstock with clean water. Soak them in a 500-fold dilution of methyl thiophanate for 10 minutes, drain the water, and transport them to the operating room. When lifting the rootstock, be careful not to knock off the cotyledons or damage the roots. Place the cleaned and dried rootstock on the operating table, disinfect the grafting knife with 75% alcohol, cut the hypocotyl 2.0-2.5cm above the cotyledons, and make a 1.0cm-1.5cm longitudinal cut along the hypocotyl midline from top to bottom. Retain about 5cm of the rootstock root, and remove the excess root portion. The remaining 6-7cm of the rootstock root can also be used as rootstock. Select rootstocks with plump leaf buds. Alternatively, take a scion from the terminal bud, make a cut 0.5cm below the bud on both sides, creating two slanted cuts 0.5-0.8cm long. Then cut it 0.2-0.3cm above the bud tip to form a scion. The leaves on the scion can be retained entirely or half removed. Place the prepared scion in a pot for later use. It is best to use it immediately after preparation and not leave it for too long. Insert the scion into the cut of the rootstock, and wrap the graft union with prepared aluminum foil. Place the grafted seedling in a cool, shady place for planting, and cover it with a damp cloth to avoid sunlight. This method successfully achieves grafting 2-3 scions onto each root segment, cultivating 2-3 seedlings from one seed, and significantly improving seedling efficiency.

[0055] S5 Planting: Plant the grafted seedlings into the prepared nutrient pots in time, one seedling per pot, and press them down appropriately to ensure that the roots are in close contact with the substrate. Plant them upright and firmly, and water them thoroughly with a spray bottle. The planting depth should be such that the grafting interface of the grafted seedling is just exposed outside the substrate.

[0056] S5 grafting post-treatment management:

[0057] (1) Temperature control and humidification

[0058] By spraying water in the morning and evening to cool down, the temperature inside the shade structure is controlled at around 26-28℃ and the humidity is controlled at around 80%, which ensures the healing and regeneration of the grafted seedlings at the grafting point.

[0059] (2) Pest and disease control

[0060] Common diseases and pests affecting camellia seedlings include camellia soft rot, camellia root rot, and tea green leafhopper. Targeted control methods are developed for each disease and pest, detailed below:

[0061] Camellia oleifera soft rot, also known as leaf blight, mainly affects the leaves of Camellia oleifera, causing them to soften and rot and fall off. Symptoms primarily include yellow spots appearing on the middle and tip of the leaves that rapidly expand, especially in high humidity and temperatures between 15-25℃. Control methods: When the disease occurs, spray with a 100-300 times dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder or a 1000-1500 times dilution of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, repeating every 10-15 days. Simultaneously, promptly remove diseased plants, as well as sprouting shoots, drooping branches, and weeds.

[0062] Camellia oleifera root rot, also known as white rot, mainly occurs at the base of the stem or rhizome of seedlings near the ground. Initially, dark brown spots appear on the bark, which then expand into blocky rotten lesions. It generally begins to occur in early June, and the peak period of the disease is in July and August when the temperature rises. Control methods: In the early stage of the disease, drench the seedling roots with 1% copper sulfate solution, or 30% hymexazol at 1000-2000 times dilution, or 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder at 400 times dilution, or 20% quicklime water.

[0063] The tea green leafhopper primarily feeds on the sap of tender buds and leaves, consuming nutrients and water. Affected buds and leaves show yellowing and scorching edges, reddening veins, stunted growth, hardening, and even leaf drop. Control methods: During the nymph stage, a 25% [unspecified treatment] can be applied. A 1000-1500 times dilution of methamidophos wettable powder or a 1500 times dilution of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder;

[0064] (3) Remove sprouts and buds

[0065] Forty days after planting, the graft union of the camellia seedlings begins to heal, and some sprouts will grow on the rootstock. These sprouts should be pruned, and the film should be covered again. During the film-covered cultivation period, weeds will grow on the seedbed, and the film should be removed in time. Weeds and sprouts should be removed every 20 days, and flower buds on the scion should be removed in time in the later stage.

[0066] (4) Watering, weeding, and fertilizing

[0067] Container seedlings should not be waterlogged or dry. If water shortage is found, spray water in time. When weeding and removing sprouts, water should be added every time the film is uncovered. The amount of water sprayed depends on the moisture of the seedbed and container soil. Water less in the early stage and more in the later stage. Place a temperature and humidity monitor in the seedbed to ensure that the humidity of the seedbed is 80% and the temperature is between 26-28℃.

[0068] 60 days after planting, apply a 1:1 mixture of urea and compound fertilizer twice, with a concentration of 0.4%-0.5%, approximately 15 days apart. Fertilization should be carried out on sunny or cloudy days before 10:00 AM or after 4:00 PM.

[0069] (5) Covering and removing film

[0070] Covering: After grafting is completed, plant the seedlings in containers and cover them with film to keep them warm and moist.

[0071] Removing the film: By September, the seedlings' root systems are well-developed and the seedlings have reached a certain height. As the temperature drops and evaporation decreases, the film can be opened at both ends. After 2-3 days, the film can be completely removed. In October, as the temperature drops and sunlight weakens, the shade structure can be removed.

[0072] This invention also provides a Camellia oleifera grafting seedling raising device, such as... Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the device includes a support 1, with ring frames 2 evenly spaced inside the support 1, and seedling bags 3 inside the ring frames 2. The support 1 is equipped with an arrangement component for driving multiple ring frames 2 to be arranged in a stepped manner. The arrangement component includes: a vertical plate 5, a connecting plate 6, a slider 7, and a driving component for driving the slider 7 to rise. Multiple ring frames 2 are arranged sequentially from left to right. The vertical plate 5 is fixedly installed on the right side of the ring frames 2 except for the rightmost ring frame 2. The slider 7 is fixedly installed on the left side of the leftmost ring frame 2. The connecting plate 6 is fixedly installed on the left side of the ring frames 2 except for the leftmost ring frame 2. The vertical plate 5 has a vertical groove on the side near the connecting plate 6, and the connecting plate 6 is slidably installed in the vertical groove.

[0073] In use, the grafted seedlings are planted in the seedling bag 3. When it is necessary to trim and tidy up the weeds around the seedlings in the seedling bag 3, the slider 7 is driven to rise by the drive component. The slider 7 carries the connected leftmost ring frame 2, seedling bag 3, and vertical plate 5 to rise. When the vertical plate 5 rises, the vertical groove slides relative to the adjacent connecting plate 6. When the bottom wall of the vertical groove contacts the adjacent connecting plate 6, as the vertical plate 5 continues to rise, it carries the adjacent connecting plate 6, ring frame 2, seedling bag 3, and vertical plate 5 to rise. On the same principle, when the bottom of the vertical groove of the vertical plate 5... After the wall comes into contact with the next adjacent connecting plate 6, it will bring the next adjacent connecting plate 6, ring frame 2, seedling bag 3, and vertical plate 5 up. In the end, it can realize the rise of the remaining seedling bags 3 except for the rightmost seedling bag 3. Finally, the height of the multiple seedling bags 3 decreases from left to right in a stepped arrangement, so that the seedlings in the adjacent seedling bags 3 do not overlap. When weeding later, there will be no interference between the seedlings and weeds in the adjacent seedling bags 3, which makes the cleaning operation easier.

[0074] like Figure 6 As shown, the drive assembly includes: a lead screw 8, a carrier plate, a rotating rod 9, a sprocket 10, a chain belt 11, and a handle 12; a movable groove is provided on the side of the bracket 1 near the ring frame 2, the lead screw 8 is rotatably installed in the movable groove, the slider 7 is threadedly sleeved on the outside of the lead screw 8, the top of the lead screw 8 extends to the outside of the movable groove, the carrier plate is fixedly installed on one side of the bracket 1, the rotating rod 9 is rotatably installed on the top of the carrier plate, the sprocket 10 is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating rod 9 and the lead screw 8, the two sprockets 10 are connected by a chain belt 11, and the handle 12 is fixedly installed on the top of the sprocket 10 above the carrier plate.

[0075] Rotating the handle 12 forward causes it to rotate the connected sprocket 10, which in turn rotates the chain belt 11 to rotate another sprocket 10, causing the lead screw 8 to rotate forward. The lead screw 8 drives the slider 7 to rise, thus driving the slider 7. Conversely, rotating the handle 12 backward causes the slider 7 to descend.

[0076] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the vertical plate 5 is symmetrically provided with support plates 13 on its outside, and the vertical plate 5 is provided with a transmission component for driving the support plates 13 to move to the bottom of the seedling bag 3 to support the seedling bag 3.

[0077] Since multiple seedling bags 3 are suspended in the air, their bottoms are off the ground and unsupported. When weeds are pulled out during the cleaning process, the seedling bags 3 will shake, which may cause the bottom of the seedling bags 3 to break due to the soil. Therefore, as the seedling bags 3 rise, the transmission component drives two support plates 13 to rotate to the bottom of the seedling bags 3 to support the bottom of the seedling bags 3. This prevents the bottom of the seedling bags 3 from breaking during subsequent weeding and allows for better weeding.

[0078] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the transmission assembly includes: a mounting frame 14, a rotating shaft 15, a torsion spring 16, a swing arm 17, a crossbar 18, a limiting block 19, a limiting rod 20, and a rotating assembly for driving the rotating shaft 15 to rotate; there are two mounting frames 14, which are fixedly installed on both sides of the vertical plate 5 respectively; the rotating shaft 15 is rotatably installed inside the mounting frame 14; the swing arm 17 is fixedly sleeved outside the rotating shaft 15, with one end of the rotating shaft 15 extending outside the mounting frame 14; the torsion spring 16 is sleeved on one end of the rotating shaft 15, with both ends of the torsion spring 16 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 15 and the mounting frame 14 respectively; the limiting rod 20 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the swing arm 17 on the side away from the seedling bag 3; the crossbar 18 is rotatably installed on the upper part of the swing arm 17, and the crossbar 18 is fixedly connected to the support plate 13; the limiting block 19 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the crossbar 18 on the side close to the swing arm 17.

[0079] When the seedling bag 3 and the vertical plate 5 rise, the torque of the torsion spring 16 keeps the rotating shaft 15 and the swing arm 17 stationary. Then, the rotating assembly drives the rotating shaft 15, along with the swing arm 17, the horizontal bar 18, the support plate 13, the limiting rod 20, and the limiting block 19, to rotate downwards. The rotating shaft 15 twists the torsion spring 16, causing it to deform. During the rotation of the swing arm 17, gravity keeps the support plate 13 vertical. When the swing arm 17 rotates to a horizontal position, the limiting rod 20 and the limiting block 19 come into contact. At this point, the swing arm 17 is perpendicular to the support plate 13. As the swing arm 17 continues to rotate, the limiting rod 20 engages with the limiting block 19. The support plate 13 rotates against the limiting block 19, the horizontal bar 18, and the support plate 13. Finally, the support plate 13 rotates to the bottom of the seedling bag 3. At this time, due to the contact between the limiting bar 20 and the limiting block 19, the support plate 13 cannot rotate downwards, thus maintaining support for the bottom of the seedling bag 3. When the seedling bag 3 and the vertical plate 5 descend and reset, the rotating component drives the rotating shaft 15 to rotate and reset, and the torsion spring 16 resets. During the subsequent descent, the torque of the torsion spring 16 keeps the rotating shaft 15 and the swing arm 17 in a stationary state. At this time, the support plate 13 resets and retracts, and under the action of gravity, it becomes vertical and is inserted into the soil as the vertical plate 5 resets.

[0080] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the rotating assembly includes: gear 21, vertical rod 22, and teeth 23;

[0081] Two vertical rods 22 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the bracket 1. A pair of vertical rods 22 are located on both sides of the seedling bag 3. Multiple teeth 23 are equidistantly arranged on the vertical rods 22. Gear 21 is fixedly installed on the other end of the rotating shaft 15.

[0082] The rotating shaft 15 carries the gear 21 upward. After the gear 21 rises and meshes with the teeth 23, the gear 21 rolls along the teeth 23, causing the rotating shaft 15 to rotate, thus driving the rotating shaft 15.

[0083] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the height of the multiple sets of teeth 23 on the vertical rod 22 decreases sequentially from left to right.

[0084] like Figure 1 As shown, the seedling bag 3 is made of non-woven fabric and is fixedly connected to the ring frame 2 by bolts 4.

[0085] By removing bolt 4, the seedling bag 3 can be separated from the ring frame 2, which also facilitates the installation of the seedling bag 3 and the ring frame 2.

[0086] Working principle: During use, the grafted seedling is planted in the seedling bag 3. When it is necessary to trim and tidy the weeds around the seedling in the seedling bag 3, turn the handle 12 clockwise to make it rotate the connected sprocket 10. This, in turn, causes the chain belt 11 to rotate another sprocket 10, which in turn rotates the lead screw 8 clockwise. The lead screw 8 drives the slider 7 to rise. The slider 7 then lifts the connected leftmost ring frame 2, seedling bag 3, and vertical plate 5. As the vertical plate 5 rises, the vertical groove slides relative to the adjacent connecting plate 6. When the bottom wall of the vertical groove contacts the adjacent connecting plate 6, the vertical plate 5 continues to rise, lifting the adjacent connecting plate 6, ring frame 2, seedling bag 3, and vertical plate 5. Following the same principle, when the vertical plate 5... After the bottom wall of the vertical trough contacts the next adjacent connecting plate 6, it will lift the next adjacent connecting plate 6, the ring frame 2, the seedling bags 3, and the vertical plate 5 upwards. This process sequentially lifts all seedling bags 3 except the rightmost one. Ultimately, the height of the multiple seedling bags 3 decreases sequentially from left to right, forming a stepped arrangement. This prevents the seedlings in adjacent bags from interfering with each other, thus avoiding interference between seedlings and weeds during subsequent weeding operations and facilitating the cleaning process. Because the multiple seedling bags 3 are suspended in the air, their bottoms are off the ground and unsupported. During the cleaning operation, the seedling bags 3... When weeds are pulled out, the seedling bag 3 will shake, and the bottom of the seedling bag 3 may be broken by the soil. Therefore, while the seedling bag 3 and the vertical plate 5 are rising, the torque of the torsion spring 16 keeps the rotating shaft 15 and the swing arm 17 stationary. The vertical plate 5 carries the mounting frame 14 and the rotating shaft 15 to rise. The rotating shaft 15 carries the gear 21 to rise. After the gear 21 rises and meshes with the teeth 23, the gear 21 rolls along the teeth 23, causing the rotating shaft 15 to rotate. This causes the swing arm 17, the crossbar 18, the support plate 13, the limiting rod 20, and the limiting block 19 to rotate downwards. The rotating shaft 15 twists the torsion spring 16 to cause it to deform. During the rotation of the swing arm 17, the torsion spring 16 is twisted and deformed. Due to gravity, the support plate 13 is in a vertical position. When the swing arm 17 rotates to a horizontal position, the limiting rod 20 and the limiting block 19 come into contact. At this time, the swing arm 17 is perpendicular to the support plate 13. As the swing arm 17 continues to rotate, the limiting rod 20 rotates against the limiting block 19, the crossbar 18, and the support plate 13. Finally, the support plate 13 rotates to the bottom of the seedling bag 3. At this time, due to the contact between the limiting rod 20 and the limiting block 19, the support plate 13 cannot rotate downwards, thus maintaining support for the bottom of the seedling bag 3. This prevents the bottom of the seedling bag 3 from breaking when weeding, allowing for better weed removal.After cleaning, reversing handle 12 lowers slider 7 and vice versa, lowering multiple seedling bags 3 and vertical plates 5. When seedling bags 3 and vertical plates 5 return to their original positions, gear 21 rotates along teeth 23, causing shaft 15 to rotate and return to its original position, allowing support plate 13 to leave the bottom of seedling bag 3 and finally return to its original position. During the subsequent descent, the torque of torsion spring 16 keeps shaft 15 and swing arm 17 stationary. At this time, support plate 13 returns to its original position and retracts, becoming vertical under gravity. As vertical plate 5 returns to its original position and inserts into the soil, the bottom of seedling bag 3 finally contacts the soil. Contact with the soil balances temperature fluctuations inside the bag, preventing overheating in summer and reducing the risk of root frost damage in winter. Soil moisture can also continuously supply water vapor into the bag through capillary action, maintaining a suitable moisture environment for the roots and facilitating better seedling cultivation.

[0087] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it.

Claims

1. A grafting and seedling raising device for Camellia oleifera, characterized in that: The device includes a support frame, with equidistant ring frames inside the support frame. Each ring frame contains a seedling bag. The support frame is equipped with an arrangement component for driving multiple ring frames to be arranged in a stepped manner. The arrangement component includes: a vertical plate, a connecting plate, a slider, and a drive component for driving the slider to rise. Multiple ring frames are arranged sequentially from left to right. The vertical plate is fixedly installed on the right side of all ring frames except the rightmost ring frame. The slider is fixedly installed on the left side of the leftmost ring frame. The connecting plate is fixedly installed on the left side of all ring frames except the leftmost ring frame. The vertical plate has a vertical groove on the side near the connecting plate, and the connecting plate is slidably installed in the vertical groove. The vertical plate is symmetrically provided with support plates on its outside, and a transmission component is provided on the outside of the vertical plate to drive the support plates to move to the bottom of the seedling bag to support the seedling bag; The drive assembly includes: a lead screw, a carrier plate, a rotating rod, a sprocket, a chain, and a handle; a movable groove is provided on the side of the bracket near the ring frame, the lead screw is rotatably installed in the movable groove, the slider is threadedly sleeved on the outside of the lead screw, the top of the lead screw extends to the outside of the movable groove, the carrier plate is fixedly installed on one side of the bracket, the rotating rod is rotatably installed on the top of the carrier plate, the sprocket is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating rod and the lead screw, the two sprockets are connected by a chain, and the handle is fixedly installed on the top of the sprocket above the carrier plate; The transmission assembly includes: a mounting frame, a rotating shaft, a torsion spring, a swing arm, a crossbar, a limiting block, a limiting rod, and a rotating assembly for driving the rotating shaft to rotate; there are two mounting frames, which are fixedly installed on both sides of the vertical plate. The rotating shaft is rotatably installed inside the mounting frame. The swing arm is fixedly sleeved outside the rotating shaft, with one end of the rotating shaft extending outside the mounting frame. The torsion spring is sleeved on one end of the rotating shaft, and both ends of the torsion spring are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft and the mounting frame, respectively. The limiting rod is fixedly installed on the upper part of the swing arm on the side away from the seedling bag. The crossbar is rotatably installed on the upper part of the swing arm and is fixedly connected to the support plate. The limiting block is fixedly installed on the bottom of the crossbar on the side close to the swing arm. The rotating assembly includes: a gear, a vertical rod, and teeth; there are two vertical rods that are symmetrically fixed on the bracket, with a pair of vertical rods located on both sides of the seedling bag; there are multiple teeth that are equidistantly arranged on the vertical rods; and the gear is fixedly installed on the other end of the rotating shaft. The height of the multiple sets of teeth on the vertical bar decreases sequentially from left to right.

2. The Camellia oleifera grafting seedling raising device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling bags are made of non-woven fabric and are fixed to the ring frame by bolts.

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