Oral mucosa sampling equipment for pathological detection

Abstract

The invention discloses oral mucosa sampling equipment for pathological examination, and belongs to the technical field of oral mucosa sampling equipment.The oral mucosa sampling equipment comprises a sampling cotton swab, an outer sleeve, a sampling gun structure, a reciprocating sampling device, an oral wall attaching device and an oral opening supporting device, and the oral opening supporting device is connected with the sampling gun structure; the reciprocating sampling device is connected with the sampling gun structure, the oral cavity wall attaching device is connected with the reciprocating sampling device, the external sleeve is fixedly installed on the sampling gun structure, and the sampling cotton swab is installed on the oral cavity wall attaching device in a clamped mode. In order to assist detection personnel, open the oral cavity of a patient and reduce the risk that the detection personnel are bitten by the patient, the invention provides the oral mucosa sampling equipment for pathological detection, while the oral mucosa is scraped in a reciprocating manner to extract an oral cavity sample, the closed lip muscle and teeth are continuously supported and expanded, and the detection efficiency is improved. The mouth can be opened when the oral mucosa is sampled, so that a patient can effectively extract a sample on the oral mucosa.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oral mucosa sampling equipment, and specifically refers to an oral mucosa sampling equipment for pathological detection. Background Art

[0002] Oral mucosal sampling (usually by scraping buccal mucosal cells with a swab) is widely used in many fields because of its non-invasive, convenient and safe characteristics. For some patients who are not convenient for blood sampling and who often have recurring oral diseases, oral mucosal sampling has the advantages of less harm and faster sampling speed. Existing oral mucosal sampling mostly uses traditional cotton swabs to manually scrape the oral mucosa. For patients who physiologically resist opening their mouths for sampling, the use of traditional cotton swabs requires medical staff to forcibly open their mouths, which puts medical staff at risk of being bitten and takes up more human resources. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above situation, in order to assist the testers in opening the patient's mouth and reduce the risk of the testers being bitten by the patients, the present invention provides an oral mucosa sampling device for pathological testing. While reciprocatingly scraping the oral mucosa to extract oral samples, it also continuously supports and expands the tightly closed lip muscles and teeth, ensuring that the mouth is open during oral mucosa sampling, so that the patient can effectively extract samples on the oral mucosa.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention provides an oral mucosa sampling device for pathological detection, including a sampling cotton swab, an external sleeve, a sampling gun structure, a reciprocating sampling device, an oral wall device and an oral opening support device, the oral opening support device is connected to the sampling gun structure, the reciprocating sampling device is connected to the sampling gun structure, the oral wall device is connected to the reciprocating sampling device, the external sleeve is fixedly installed on the sampling gun structure, and the sampling cotton swab is snap-fitted and installed on the oral wall device.

[0005] Furthermore, the sampling gun structure includes a gun handle, a gun barrel, a trigger bracket, a trigger slot, a ratchet, a gear ring, a ratchet block, and a block limiting groove. The gun barrel is connected to the reciprocating sampling device, the gun handle is fixedly mounted on the gun barrel, the trigger slot is fixedly arranged on the gun barrel, the trigger bracket is engaged and rotatably arranged in the trigger slot, and the thickness of the trigger bracket is less than half the thickness of the trigger slot, a spring is arranged between the trigger bracket and the trigger slot, the ratchet and the trigger bracket are fixedly connected through the bracket, the gear ring is engaged and rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the gun barrel, and the ratchet and the gear ring are concentric, the block limiting groove is arranged on the inner wall of the gear ring, the ratchet block is engaged and rotatably arranged in the block limiting groove, and the ratchet block and the block limiting groove are connected through a torsion spring, and the gear ring and the gun barrel are connected through a torsion spring.

[0006] Furthermore, the reciprocating sampling device includes a conveyor belt, a swing bracket, a reciprocating gear, a reciprocating slot, and a reciprocating engaging protrusion. The reciprocating gear is mounted on the outer wall of the gun barrel in an engaging and rotatable manner. The two ends of the conveyor belt are respectively meshed with the reciprocating gear and a gear ring. The swing bracket is mounted on the outer wall of the gun barrel in an engaging and rotatable manner. The reciprocating slot is fixedly mounted on the swing bracket. The reciprocating engaging protrusion engages and slides in the reciprocating slot. The reciprocating engaging protrusion is fixedly mounted on the reciprocating gear. The reciprocating engaging protrusion is arranged on the edge of the reciprocating gear. The rotation of the reciprocating gear causes the swing bracket to swing back and forth with the engaging point on the gun barrel as the center of the circle.

[0007] Furthermore, the oral wall-adhering device includes a cotton swab sleeve, a worm wheel, a worm, a steering bevel gear 1, a steering bevel gear 2, a toothless gear, a steering gear, and a steering parts assembly sleeve. The steering parts assembly sleeve is fixedly connected to a swing bracket, the worm is engaged and rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the steering parts assembly sleeve, the worm wheel and the worm are meshed with each other, and the worm wheel is engaged and rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the steering parts assembly sleeve, the steering bevel gear 1 is fixedly connected to the worm wheel via a bracket, the steering bevel gear 2 is engaged with the steering bevel gear 1, the toothless gear and the steering bevel gear 2 are engaged and rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the steering parts assembly sleeve via a bracket, the steering gear is engaged and rotatably mounted in the steering parts assembly sleeve, the toothless gear is engaged with the steering gear, and the cotton swab sleeve is fixedly mounted on the steering gear.

[0008] Furthermore, the cotton swab sleeve is slidably connected to the sampling cotton swab.

[0009] Furthermore, the oral opening support device includes a mechanical kinetic energy transmission device and a lip expansion structure, the mechanical kinetic energy transmission device is connected to the sampling gun structure, and the lip expansion structure is connected to the mechanical kinetic energy transmission device; the mechanical kinetic energy transmission device includes a second limiting collar, a second ratchet, a second limiting protrusion, a second limiting slot, a first transmission bevel gear, a second transmission bevel gear, and a transmission gear set, the second limiting collar is engaged and rotatably installed on the outer wall of the gun barrel, an annular block is provided on the outer wall of the second limiting collar, and a space between the second limiting collar and the gun barrel. The two gears are connected by a torsion spring, the ratchet wheel 2 is fixedly connected to the trigger bracket by the bracket, the limit slot 2 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the limit collar 2, the limit protrusion 2 is arranged in the limit slot 2 for engagement and rotation, and the limit protrusion 2 is connected to the limit slot 2 by the torsion spring, the transmission bevel gear 1 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the limit collar 2, the transmission bevel gear 2 is meshed with the transmission bevel gear 1, the transmission gear set is fixedly connected to the transmission bevel gear 2 by the bracket, and the transmission gear set and the barrel are fixedly connected by the bracket.

[0010] Furthermore, the lip expansion structure includes a screw sleeve, a ball screw, a nut connecting rod, and an oral expansion plate. The screw sleeve is fixedly mounted on the gun barrel through a connecting rod, the ball screw is rotatably mounted on the screw sleeve, the nut connecting rod slides along the ball screw, and the oral expansion plate is fixedly mounted on the nut connecting rod.

[0011] Preferably, the front end of the oral opening plate is provided with a convex ridge in the opposite direction of the inclination direction of the oral opening plate, and the back side of the oral opening plate is provided with a convex ridge to increase the stability of the shape of the oral opening plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the cotton swab sleeve is configured to be arc-shaped.

[0013] Furthermore, two groups of ball screws are provided, and the threads on the two groups of ball screws are in opposite directions, ensuring that when the transmission gear set rotates, the two groups of ball screws rotate in opposite directions, causing the oral opening plates to move in opposite directions.

[0014] Furthermore, the width of the tooth ring 1 is greater than the width of the limiting ring 2, and the width of the ratchet 1 is greater than the width of the ratchet 2. When the trigger bracket is moved laterally a certain distance, it can not only maintain the push of the ratchet pair of ratchet blocks, but also make the ratchet 2 leave the contact range of the limiting protrusion 2.

[0015] Furthermore, the steering parts assembly sleeve is configured as a housing structure for limiting the spatial position of the worm gear.

[0016] This solution provides an oral mucosa sampling device for pathological detection, and its beneficial effects are as follows: (1) By pulling the trigger bracket, the ratchet wheel 1 obtains kinetic energy, causing the toothed ring 1 to rotate under the pressure of the ratchet block, thereby enabling the swing bracket to obtain the power of reciprocating swing. The connection structure between the toothed ring 1 and the ratchet block ensures that when the trigger bracket rebounds, the rotation angle of the toothed ring 1 remains unchanged, causing the cotton swab sleeve to reciprocate and sample the oral mucosa; (2) The second ratchet is driven to rotate by the trigger bracket, and the ball screw is also rotated through mechanical transmission, so that the oral cavity expansion plate slides, which has the effect of supporting and expanding the oral cavity; (3) The horizontally placed motor that drives the worm gear reduces the height of the parts of the sampling device that are placed in the mouth, making it easier to place the device in the mouth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of an oral mucosa sampling device for pathological detection provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A stereoscopic diagram of an oral mucosa sampling device for pathological detection provided by the present invention; Figure 3 An exploded view of an oral mucosa sampling device for pathological detection provided by the present invention; Figure 4 A three-dimensional diagram of the oral wall device; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the reciprocating sampling device and the oral wall device; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the trigger bracket and the ratchet wheel 1; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the trigger slot in the barrel; Figure 8 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of part A; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the second limiting collar, the second ratchet and the trigger bracket; Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the lip expansion structure; Fig.11 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of part B.

[0018] Among them, 1. sampling cotton swab, 2. external sleeve, 3. sampling gun structure, 4. reciprocating sampling device, 5. oral wall device, 6. oral opening support device, 7. gun handle, 8. gun barrel, 9. trigger bracket, 10. trigger slot, 11. ratchet, 12. gear ring, 13. ratchet block, 14. block limit slot, 15. conveyor belt, 16. swing bracket, 17. reciprocating gear, 18. reciprocating slot, 19. reciprocating engagement protrusion, 20. cotton swab sleeve, 21. worm gear, 22. Worm, 23. Steering bevel gear one, 24. Steering bevel gear two, 25. Toothless gear, 26. Steering gear, 27. Steering parts assembly sleeve, 28. Mechanical kinetic energy transmission device, 29. Lip expansion structure, 30. Limiting collar two, 31. Ratchet two, 32. Limiting protrusion two, 33. Limiting slot two, 34. Transmission bevel gear one, 35. Transmission bevel gear two, 36. Transmission gear set, 37. Screw sleeve, 38. Ball screw, 39. Nut connecting rod, 40. Oral expansion plate.

[0019] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that terms such as “upper”, “lower”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside” and “outside” indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1-Figure 11 As shown, the present invention provides an oral mucosa sampling device for pathological detection, comprising a sampling cotton swab 1, an external sleeve 2, a sampling gun structure 3, a reciprocating sampling device 4, an oral wall device 5 and an oral opening support device 6, the oral opening support device 6 is connected to the sampling gun structure 3, the reciprocating sampling device 4 is connected to the sampling gun structure 3, the oral wall device 5 is connected to the reciprocating sampling device 4, the external sleeve 2 is fixedly mounted on the sampling gun structure 3, and the sampling cotton swab 1 is snap-fitted and mounted on the oral wall device 5.

[0023] The sampling gun structure 3 includes a gun handle 7, a gun barrel 8, a trigger bracket 9, a trigger slot 10, a ratchet 11, a toothed ring 12, a ratchet block 13, and a block limit slot 14. The gun barrel 8 is connected to the reciprocating sampling device 4. The gun handle 7 is fixedly mounted on the gun barrel 8. The trigger slot 10 is fixedly arranged on the gun barrel 8. The trigger bracket 9 is engaged and rotatably arranged in the trigger slot 10. The thickness of the trigger bracket 9 is less than half of the thickness of the trigger slot 10. The trigger bracket 9 and the trigger card are connected to each other. A spring is provided between the grooves 10, the ratchet 11 and the trigger bracket 9 are fixedly connected by a bracket, the toothed ring 12 is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the barrel 8, and the ratchet 11 is concentric with the toothed ring 12, the block limiting groove 14 is arranged on the inner wall of the toothed ring 12, the ratchet block 13 is rotatably arranged in the block limiting groove 14, and the ratchet block 13 is connected to the block limiting groove 14 by a torsion spring, and the toothed ring 12 and the barrel 8 are connected by a torsion spring.

[0024] The reciprocating sampling device 4 includes a conveyor belt 15, a swing bracket 16, a reciprocating gear 17, a reciprocating slot 18, and a reciprocating engaging protrusion 19. The reciprocating gear 17 is mounted on the outer wall of the gun barrel 8 for engagement and rotation. The two ends of the conveyor belt 15 are respectively meshed and connected with the reciprocating gear 17 and the gear ring 12. The swing bracket 16 is mounted on the outer wall of the gun barrel 8 for engagement and rotation. The reciprocating slot 18 is fixedly arranged on the swing bracket 16. The reciprocating engaging protrusion 19 engages and slides in the reciprocating slot 18. The reciprocating engaging protrusion 19 is fixedly arranged on the reciprocating gear 17. The reciprocating engaging protrusion 19 is arranged on the edge of the reciprocating gear 17.

[0025] The oral wall-adhering device 5 includes a cotton swab sleeve 20, a worm wheel 21, a worm 22, a steering bevel gear 1 23, a steering bevel gear 2 24, a toothless gear 25, a steering gear 26, and a steering parts assembly sleeve 27. The steering parts assembly sleeve 27 is fixedly connected to the swing bracket 16, the worm 22 is engaged and rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the steering parts assembly sleeve 27, the worm wheel 21 is meshed with the worm 22, and the worm wheel 21 is engaged and rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the steering parts assembly sleeve 27, the steering bevel gear 1 23 is fixedly connected to the worm wheel 21 through a bracket, the steering bevel gear 24 is engaged with the steering bevel gear 1 23, the toothless gear 25 and the steering bevel gear 2 24 are engaged and rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the steering parts assembly sleeve 27 through a bracket, the steering gear 26 is engaged and rotatably mounted in the steering parts assembly sleeve 27, the toothless gear 25 is engaged with the steering gear 26, and the cotton swab sleeve 20 is fixedly mounted on the steering gear 26.

[0026] The cotton swab sleeve 20 is slidably connected to the sampling cotton swab 1 in a snap-fitting manner.

[0027] The oral opening support device 6 includes a mechanical kinetic energy transmission device 28 and a lip expansion structure 29. The mechanical kinetic energy transmission device 28 is connected to the sampling gun structure 3, and the lip expansion structure 29 is connected to the mechanical kinetic energy transmission device 28; the mechanical kinetic energy transmission device 28 includes a limiting collar 2 30, a ratchet 2 31, a limiting protrusion 2 32, a limiting groove 2 33, a transmission bevel gear 1 34, a transmission bevel gear 2 35, and a transmission gear set 36. The limiting collar 2 30 is engaged and rotatably installed on the outer wall of the gun barrel 8. An annular block is provided on the outer wall of the limiting collar 2 30, and the limiting collar 2 30 and the gun barrel 8 are connected. The two gears are connected by a torsion spring, the ratchet wheel 31 and the trigger bracket 9 are fixedly connected by a bracket, the limiting groove 33 is fixedly set on the inner wall of the limiting collar 30, the limiting protrusion 32 is engaged and rotatably set in the limiting groove 33, and the limiting protrusion 32 and the limiting groove 33 are connected by a torsion spring, the transmission bevel gear 1 34 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the limiting collar 30, the transmission bevel gear 2 35 and the transmission bevel gear 1 34 are meshed with each other, the transmission gear group 36 and the transmission bevel gear 2 35 are fixedly connected by the bracket, and the transmission gear group 36 and the barrel 8 are fixedly connected by the bracket.

[0028] The lip expansion structure 29 includes a screw sleeve 37, a ball screw 38, a nut connecting rod 39, and an oral expansion plate 40. The screw sleeve 37 is fixedly mounted on the gun barrel 8 through a connecting rod, the ball screw 38 is rotatably mounted on the screw sleeve 37, the nut connecting rod 39 is engaged and slides along the ball screw 38, and the oral expansion plate 40 is fixedly mounted on the nut connecting rod 39.

[0029] The front end of the oral cavity opening plate 40 is provided with a convex ridge in the opposite direction of the inclination direction of the oral cavity opening plate 40 , and the back side of the oral cavity opening plate 40 is provided with a convex ridge.

[0030] The cotton swab sleeve 20 is designed to be arc-shaped.

[0031] When in use, the sampling cotton swab 1 is inserted into the cotton swab sleeve 20, and the cotton swab sleeve 20 with the cotton swab installed is placed in the oral cavity. In order to reduce the thickness of the steering component assembly sleeve 27 and reduce the opening height of the oral cavity required to place the cotton swab sleeve 20 in the oral cavity, a bevel gear structure is used to convert the motor driving the cotton swab sleeve 20 to rotate from a vertical direction to a horizontal direction; When adjusting the rotation direction of the cotton swab sleeve 20, it is necessary to drive the worm 22 to rotate through the motor, drive the worm wheel 21 to rotate, thereby driving the steering bevel gear 1 23 to rotate, and the steering bevel gear 2 24 rotates under the meshing action of the steering bevel gear 1 23, and the steering bevel gear 2 24 drives the toothless gear 25 to rotate, and finally the toothless gear 25 drives the steering gear 26 to rotate. Since the toothless gear 25 lacks some gears, the steering gear 26 can only drive the cotton swab sleeve 20 to rotate within a specific range of rotation angles; When the trigger bracket 9 is pulled, the ratchet wheel 11 rotates, the ratchet block 13 is pushed by the ratchet wheel 11 and drives the gear ring 12 to rotate. When the gear ring 12 rotates, the conveyor belt 15 is driven to slide. The transmission kinetic energy of the conveyor belt 15 is transmitted to the reciprocating gear 17. The reciprocating gear 17 rotates, so that the reciprocating engaging protrusion 19 on the reciprocating gear 17 engages and slides in the reciprocating engaging groove 18. The swing bracket 16 performs a reciprocating pendulum motion with its engaging point on the gun barrel 8 as the center of the circle, thereby realizing reciprocating sampling in the oral cavity. When the trigger bracket 9 rotates in the opposite direction under the reaction of the spring, the ratchet wheel 11 reverses, the ratchet wheel 11 presses the ratchet block 13, the ratchet block 13 is not supported by the side wall of the block limiting groove 14, the ratchet block 13 is hidden in the block limiting groove 14, and the ratchet wheel 11 is reset; The second ratchet wheel 31 also obtains kinetic energy when the trigger bracket 9 is pulled. The second ratchet wheel 31 drives the second limiting collar 30 to rotate by pushing the second limiting protrusion 32, so that the transmission bevel gear 1 34 rotates, and the transmission bevel gear 2 35 rotates. The kinetic energy is transferred to the ball screw 38 through the transmission gear set 36. The ball screw 38 rotates to slide the nut connecting rod 39, and the oral opening plate 40 supports the lips and opens the lips. When the trigger bracket 9 is reversed, the second limiting protrusion 32 in the second limiting collar 30 is rotated and hidden in the second limiting slot 33, thereby preventing the second limiting collar 30 from rotating, so that the oral opening plate 40 only has the function of opening the mouth; When the device is taken out of the oral cavity, the trigger bracket 9 slides horizontally in the trigger slot 10, so that the ratchet wheel 11 and the ratchet block 13 are misaligned and do not contact each other, the ratchet wheel 31 and the limiting protrusion 32 are misaligned and do not have a contact surface, the oral cavity opening plate 40 is pressed and slid by the lips, and the supporting effect of the oral cavity opening plate 40 is weakened, and then the device can be taken out of the oral cavity; When the oral opening plate 40 supports the oral cavity to a certain extent and the sampling in the oral cavity has not been completed, the trigger bracket 9 is moved horizontally for a certain distance to ensure that the ratchet 2 31 is separated from the limiting protrusion 2 32, and the ratchet 1 11 and the ratchet block 13 are still in contact. The distance between the oral opening plates 40 is reduced, and the degree of opening of the oral cavity is reduced. Then, the ratchet 2 31 is moved to a spatial position in contact with the limiting protrusion 2 32, and the trigger bracket 9 is pulled again, and the reciprocating operation is performed until an effective oral mucosal sample is taken out.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0033] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, and such description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oral mucosa sampling device for pathological detection, characterized in that: It includes a sampling cotton swab, an external sleeve, a sampling gun structure, a reciprocating sampling device, an oral wall device and an oral opening support device, wherein the oral opening support device is connected to the sampling gun structure, the reciprocating sampling device is connected to the sampling gun structure, the oral wall device is connected to the reciprocating sampling device, the external sleeve is fixedly mounted on the sampling gun structure, and the sampling cotton swab is snap-fitted on the oral wall device; the oral opening support device includes a mechanical kinetic energy transmission device and a lip expansion structure, the mechanical kinetic energy transmission device is connected to the sampling gun structure, and the lip expansion structure is connected to the mechanical kinetic energy transmission device.

2. The oral mucosa sampling device for pathological detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling gun structure includes a gun handle, a gun barrel, a trigger bracket, a trigger slot, a ratchet wheel, a gear ring, a ratchet block, and a block limiting groove. The gun barrel is connected to the reciprocating sampling device, the gun handle is fixedly mounted on the gun barrel, the trigger slot is fixedly arranged on the gun barrel, the trigger bracket is engaged and rotatably arranged in the trigger slot, and the thickness of the trigger bracket is less than half of the thickness of the trigger slot, a spring is arranged between the trigger bracket and the trigger slot, the ratchet wheel 1 and the trigger bracket are fixedly connected through a bracket, the gear ring 1 is engaged and rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the gun barrel, and the ratchet wheel 1 is concentric with the gear ring, the block limiting groove is arranged on the inner wall of the gear ring 1, the ratchet block is engaged and rotatably arranged in the block limiting groove, and the ratchet block and the block limiting groove are connected through a torsion spring, and the gear ring 1 is connected to the gun barrel through a torsion spring.

3. The oral mucosa sampling device for pathological detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reciprocating sampling device includes a conveyor belt, a swing bracket, a reciprocating gear, a reciprocating slot, and a reciprocating engaging protrusion. The reciprocating gear is mounted on the outer wall of the gun barrel in an engaging and rotatable manner. The two ends of the conveyor belt are respectively meshed with the reciprocating gear and a gear ring. The swing bracket is mounted on the outer wall of the gun barrel in an engaging and rotatable manner. The reciprocating slot is fixedly mounted on the swing bracket. The reciprocating engaging protrusion engages and slides in the reciprocating slot. The reciprocating engaging protrusion is fixedly mounted on the reciprocating gear. The reciprocating engaging protrusion is arranged on the edge of the reciprocating gear.

4. The oral mucosa sampling device for pathological detection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The oral wall-adhering device includes a cotton swab sleeve, a worm wheel, a worm, a steering bevel gear 1, a steering bevel gear 2, a toothless gear, a steering gear, and a steering parts assembly sleeve. The steering parts assembly sleeve is fixedly connected to a swing bracket, the worm is snap-fitted and rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the steering parts assembly sleeve, the worm wheel and the worm are meshed with each other, and the worm wheel is snap-fitted and rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the steering parts assembly sleeve, the steering bevel gear 1 is fixedly connected to the worm wheel via a bracket, the steering bevel gear 2 is meshed with the steering bevel gear 1, the toothless gear and the steering bevel gear 2 are snap-fitted and rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the steering parts assembly sleeve via a bracket, the steering gear is snap-fitted and rotatably mounted in the steering parts assembly sleeve, the toothless gear is meshed with the steering gear, and the cotton swab sleeve is fixedly mounted on the steering gear.

5. The oral mucosa sampling device for pathological detection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mechanical kinetic energy transmission device includes a second limiting collar, a second ratchet, a second limiting protrusion, a second limiting slot, a first transmission bevel gear, a second transmission bevel gear, and a transmission gear set. The second limiting collar is mounted on the outer wall of the barrel in an engaging and rotatable manner. An annular block is provided on the outer wall of the second limiting collar, and the second limiting collar is connected to the barrel by a torsion spring. The second ratchet is fixedly connected to the trigger bracket by a bracket. The second limiting slot is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the second limiting collar, the second limiting protrusion is mounted in the second limiting slot in an engaging and rotatable manner, and the second limiting protrusion is connected to the second limiting slot by a torsion spring. The first transmission bevel gear is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second limiting collar, the second transmission bevel gear is meshed with the first transmission bevel gear, the transmission gear set is fixedly connected to the second transmission bevel gear by a bracket, and the transmission gear set is fixedly connected to the barrel by a bracket.

6. The oral mucosa sampling device for pathological detection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lip expansion structure includes a screw sleeve, a ball screw, a nut connecting rod, and an oral expansion plate. The screw sleeve is fixedly installed on the gun barrel through a connecting rod, the ball screw is rotatably installed on the screw sleeve, the nut connecting rod slides along the ball screw, and the oral expansion plate is fixedly installed on the nut connecting rod.

7. The oral mucosa sampling device for pathological detection according to claim 6, characterized in that: The front end of the oral cavity opening plate is provided with a convex ridge in the opposite direction of the inclination direction of the oral cavity opening plate, and the back side of the oral cavity opening plate is provided with a convex ridge.

8. The oral mucosa sampling device for pathological detection according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cotton swab sleeve is configured in an arc shape.

9. The oral mucosa sampling device for pathological detection according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cotton swab sleeve is connected to the sampling cotton swab in a snap-fitting and sliding manner.

10. The oral mucosa sampling device for pathological detection according to claim 9, characterized in that: The width of the toothed ring 1 is greater than the width of the limiting ring 2, and the width of the ratchet wheel 1 is greater than the width of the ratchet wheel 2.

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