Bullet stone fiber composite material and application thereof in bulletproof armor

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bulletproof armours, in particular to a hallstone fiber composite material and application thereof in bulletproof armours, the hallstone fiber composite material is prepared from hallstone fibers and a binder through a pultrusion thermosetting process, the hallstone fibers are surface-modified hallstone fibers, and the surface of the hallstone fibers is surface-modified hallstone fibers. Epoxy resin, unsaturated resin, m-benzene resin or phenolic resin is adopted as the binder, the surface-modified hallstone fibers can be better combined with the binder, the strength of the hallstone fiber composite material is effectively improved, the prepared hallstone fiber composite material is used in the field of bulletproof armors, direct bullet and bomb fragments can be effectively prevented, and the service life of the bullstone fiber composite material is prolonged. The bulletproof material not only completely meets the police bulletproof standard of the Ministry of Public Security, but also is environment-friendly, low-carbon and low-cost, can be widely applied to the national defense fields such as radomes, gun barrel heat protection and wave-absorbing and wave-transmitting stealth materials, and can also be applied to the civil fields such as vehicle and ship structures and pressure-resistant and corrosion-resistant pipelines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bulletproof armor, and in particular to a basalt fiber composite material and application thereof in bulletproof armor. Background Art

[0002] Bulletproof armor has already appeared in ancient China, and its materials include leather, bamboo, rattan, metal, etc. In modern times, new bulletproof armor has appeared. The materials of new bulletproof armor are mainly divided into metal and non-metal composite materials. Metal materials are hard but heavy. Non-metal composite materials include aramid fiber composite materials, carbon fiber composite materials, glass fiber composite materials, and super-strong polyethylene fiber composite materials. Aramid fiber composite materials have the advantages of light weight and good bulletproof effect, but they are difficult to make and expensive. Carbon fiber composite materials have the advantages of light weight, low specific gravity, and good bulletproof effect, but they are expensive. Glass fiber composite materials have poor anti-cutting and anti-stab bulletproof effects and are ineffective against rifles and pistols. Super-strong polyethylene fiber composite materials have low specific gravity and good bulletproof effects, but they have the disadvantages of poor temperature characteristics, easy melting, and high cost.

[0003] Xuanshi is a volcanic rock. The ancient Chinese had defined it as black and hard. It is recorded in the Compendium of Materia Medica and Classic of Mountains and Seas: black stone. It is widely distributed in the northeast and southwest regions, and the reserves are large. Especially in the eastern part of Inner Mongolia and the northeast, the Xuanshi here is of higher quality and has strong bulletproof properties. It can withstand high temperatures of 1400℃ and low temperatures of -269℃. It has a low thermal expansion coefficient and high strength. The diameter of the Xuanshi fiber obtained after high-temperature drawing is in the micron order. When Xuanshi is fiberized, whiskers will appear, the strength will be greatly increased, and the mechanical properties will far exceed aramid fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber and super-strong polyethylene fiber. However, there is no bulletproof armor made of Xuanshi fiber at present. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a basalt fiber composite material and its application in bulletproof armor.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A basalt fiber composite material is formed by pultrusion and thermosetting of basalt fiber and a binder, wherein the basalt fiber is surface-modified basalt fiber, and the binder is epoxy resin, unsaturated resin, isophthalic resin or phenolic resin.

[0007] Preferably, the surface modification of the basalt fiber is specifically as follows: (1) the basalt fiber is soaked in 0.5mol / L-1mol / L sulfuric acid for 2-3 hours and then washed and dried for the first time; (2) 5-8 parts by weight of carbon black, 1-2 parts by weight of γ-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and 1-2 parts by weight of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether are added to 30-40 parts of deionized water, and after ultrasonic mixing and dispersion, 3-6 parts of nano-graphene oxide are added, and ultrasonic vibration is performed for 1-3 hours to obtain a modified dispersion; (3) the basalt fiber washed and dried for the first time is soaked in the modified dispersion under ultrasonic conditions for 3-4 hours, and after washing and drying, the surface-modified basalt fiber is obtained.

[0008] Preferably, the basalt fiber is a whisker-formed basalt fiber, and whiskering occurs during the basalt fiberization process, so that the strength of the basalt fiber is greatly increased and the mechanical properties are greatly enhanced.

[0009] Preferably, the present invention prefers the basalt from eastern Inner Mongolia and northeastern China, as the basalt therein is of higher quality, has strong bulletproof properties, is resistant to high temperatures of 1400°C, is resistant to low temperatures of -269°C, has a low coefficient of thermal expansion, and is high in strength.

[0010] Preferably, the above-mentioned basalt is melted at 1460°C-1480°C and then drawn at high speed through a platinum-rhodium alloy drawing plate to form continuous fibers.

[0011] Preferably, the diameter of the basalt fiber of the present invention is controlled at the micron level.

[0012] Preferably, the black stone fiber is composed of the following components in percentage by mass:

[0013]

[0014] Preferably, the volume ratio of the basalt fiber and the binder is: 60%-75% fiber and 25%-40% binder.

[0015] Preferably, the black stone fiber is in the form of fiber cloth or continuous fiber yarn.

[0016] Preferably, the continuous fiber yarn is of an inner-drawn type, and the fiber cloth is a unidirectional fiber cloth or a multidirectional fiber cloth.

[0017] Preferably, the number of layers of the fiber cloth is adjusted according to the requirements of the bulletproof grade, and the number of layers of the fiber cloth is 20-100 layers.

[0018] Preferably, glass fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber or super strong polyethylene fiber interlayers are arranged between the multiple layers of fiber cloth.

[0019] Preferably, in the pultrusion thermosetting process, the thermosetting time is 3-6 minutes, and the thermosetting pressure is 700-1000 tons per square meter.

[0020] Preferably, the heat curing temperature during pultrusion is carried out in stages, 90-100°C for 30-60s, 100-120°C for 30-60s, 120-150°C for 30-60s; the cooling temperature during pultrusion is carried out in stages, 150-120°C for 30-60s, 120-90°C for 30-60s, and 90°C for natural cooling to room temperature. The adequacy and stability of curing are ensured by heat curing and cooling in stages.

[0021] Beneficial Effects

[0022] The basalt fiber composite material of the present invention is made of basalt fiber and a binder through a pultrusion thermosetting process, the basalt fiber is a surface-modified basalt fiber, the binder adopts epoxy resin, unsaturated resin, isophthalic resin or phenolic resin, the surface-modified basalt fiber can be better combined with the binder, and the strength of the present invention is effectively improved. The basalt fiber composite material prepared by the present invention is used in the field of bulletproof armor, and can effectively prevent direct bullets and bomb fragments. It not only fully meets the police bulletproof standards of the Ministry of Public Security, but also is environmentally friendly, low-carbon and low-cost. It can also be widely used in national defense fields such as radar covers, gun barrel thermal protection, wave-absorbing and wave-transmitting stealth materials, and can also be used in civilian fields such as vehicle and ship structures and pressure-resistant and corrosion-resistant pipelines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] A basalt fiber composite material is formed by pultrusion and thermosetting of basalt fiber and a binder, wherein the basalt fiber is surface-modified basalt fiber.

[0027] The surface modification of the basalt fiber is specifically as follows: (1) the basalt fiber is soaked in 0.5 mol / L sulfuric acid for 3 hours and then washed and dried for the first time; (2) 5 parts by weight of carbon black, 1 part by weight of γ-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and 1 part by weight of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether are added to 30 parts of deionized water, and after ultrasonic mixing and dispersion, 3 parts of nano-graphene oxide are added, and ultrasonic vibration is performed for 1 hour to obtain a modified dispersion; (3) the basalt fiber that has been washed and dried for the first time is soaked in the modified dispersion for 3 hours under ultrasonic conditions, and after washing and drying, the surface-modified basalt fiber is obtained.

[0028] The black stone fiber is composed of the following components in percentage by mass:

[0029]

[0030] The adhesive is an epoxy resin adhesive.

[0031] The volume proportion of the basalt fiber and the binder is: 60% fiber and 40% binder.

[0032] The black stone fiber is in the form of fiber cloth.

[0033] The fiber cloth is a vertical fiber cloth, and the fiber cloth is a unidirectional fiber cloth.

[0034] Glass fibers are arranged between the multiple layers of continuous fiber yarns.

[0035] The number of layers of the fiber cloth is adjusted according to the requirements of the bulletproof level, and the number of layers of the fiber cloth is 30 layers.

[0036] In the pultrusion thermosetting process, the thermosetting pressure is 700 tons per square meter.

[0037] The heat curing temperature during pultrusion is carried out in stages, 90°C for 30s, 100°C for 30s, and 120°C for 30s;

[0038] The cooling temperature of pultrusion is carried out in stages: 150℃ for 30s, 120℃ for 30s, and 90℃ for natural cooling to room temperature.

[0039] The basalt fiber composite material obtained in the embodiment of the present invention is used in bulletproof armor, which can effectively prevent direct bullets and bomb fragments, and fully meets the police bulletproof standards of the Ministry of Public Security.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] A basalt fiber composite material is formed by pultrusion and thermosetting of basalt fiber and a binder, wherein the basalt fiber is surface-modified basalt fiber.

[0042] The surface modification of the basalt fiber is specifically as follows: (1) the basalt fiber is soaked in 0.7 mol / L sulfuric acid for 3 hours and then washed and dried for the first time; (2) 6 parts by weight of carbon black, 2 parts by weight of γ-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and 2 parts by weight of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether are added to 30 parts of deionized water, and after ultrasonic mixing and dispersion, 4 parts of nano-graphene oxide are added, and ultrasonic vibration is performed for 2 hours to obtain a modified dispersion; (3) the basalt fiber that has been washed and dried for the first time is soaked in the modified dispersion under ultrasonic conditions for 4 hours, and after washing and drying, the surface-modified basalt fiber is obtained.

[0043] The black stone fiber is composed of the following components in percentage by mass:

[0044]

[0045]

[0046] The adhesive is a phenolic resin adhesive.

[0047] The volume proportion of the basalt fiber and the binder is: 70% fiber and 30% binder.

[0048] The black stone fiber is in the form of continuous fiber yarn, and the continuous fiber yarn is internally drawn.

[0049] The number of layers of the continuous fiber yarn is adjusted according to the requirements of the bulletproof level, and the number of layers of the continuous fiber yarn is 60 layers.

[0050] Aramid fiber interlayers are arranged between the multiple layers of continuous fiber yarns.

[0051] In the pultrusion thermosetting process, the thermosetting pressure is 800 tons per square meter.

[0052] The heat curing temperature during pultrusion is carried out in stages, 95°C for 45s, 110°C for 45s, and 135°C for 45s;

[0053] The cooling temperature of pultrusion is carried out in stages: 130℃ for 45s, 110℃ for 45s, and 90℃ for natural cooling to room temperature.

[0054] The basalt fiber composite material obtained in the embodiment of the present invention is used in bulletproof armor, which can effectively prevent direct bullets and bomb fragments, and fully meets the police bulletproof standards of the Ministry of Public Security.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] A basalt fiber composite material is formed by pultrusion and thermosetting of basalt fiber and a binder, wherein the basalt fiber is surface-modified basalt fiber.

[0057] The surface modification of the basalt fiber is specifically as follows: (1) the basalt fiber is soaked in 0.8 mol / L sulfuric acid for 3 hours and then washed and dried for the first time; (2) 7 parts by weight of carbon black, 2 parts by weight of γ-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and 1 part by weight of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether are added to 37 parts of deionized water, and after ultrasonic mixing and dispersion, 3-6 parts of nano-graphene oxide are added, and ultrasonic vibration is performed for 2 hours to obtain a modified dispersion; (3) the basalt fiber that has been washed and dried for the first time is soaked in the modified dispersion under ultrasonic conditions for 4 hours, and after washing and drying, the surface-modified basalt fiber is obtained.

[0058] The black stone fiber is composed of the following components in percentage by mass:

[0059]

[0060] The adhesive is a phenolic resin adhesive.

[0061] The volume proportion of the basalt fiber and the binder is: 70% fiber and 30% binder.

[0062] The black stone fiber is in the form of continuous fiber yarn, and the continuous fiber yarn is internally drawn.

[0063] The number of layers of the continuous fiber yarn is adjusted according to the requirements of the bulletproof level, and the number of layers of the continuous fiber yarn is 60 layers.

[0064] In the pultrusion thermosetting process, the thermosetting pressure is 800 tons per square meter.

[0065] The heat curing temperature during pultrusion was carried out in stages, 93°C for 45s, 111°C for 45s, and 132°C for 45s;

[0066] The cooling temperature of pultrusion was carried out in stages: 132 °C for 45 s, 111 °C for 45 s, and 93 °C for natural cooling to room temperature.

[0067] The basalt fiber composite material obtained in the embodiment of the present invention is used in bulletproof armor, which can effectively prevent direct bullets and bomb fragments, and fully meets the police bulletproof standards of the Ministry of Public Security.

[0068] 实 Examples 4

[0069] A basalt fiber composite material is formed by pultrusion and thermosetting of basalt fiber and a binder, wherein the basalt fiber is surface-modified basalt fiber.

[0070] The surface modification of the basalt fiber is specifically as follows: (1) the basalt fiber is soaked in 1 mol / L sulfuric acid for 2 hours and then washed and dried for the first time; (2) 8 parts by weight of carbon black, 2 parts by weight of γ-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and 2 parts by weight of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether are added to 40 parts of deionized water, and after ultrasonic mixing and dispersion, 6 parts of nano-graphene oxide are added, and ultrasonic vibration is performed for 3 hours to obtain a modified dispersion; (3) the basalt fiber that has been washed and dried for the first time is soaked in the modified dispersion under ultrasonic conditions for 4 hours, and after washing and drying, the surface-modified basalt fiber is obtained.

[0071] The black stone fiber is composed of the following components in percentage by mass:

[0072]

[0073] The adhesive is an epoxy resin adhesive.

[0074] The volume proportion of the basalt fiber and the binder is: 75% fiber and 25% binder.

[0075] The black stone fiber is in the form of fiber cloth, and the fiber cloth is a multi-directional fiber cloth.

[0076] The number of layers of the fiber cloth is adjusted according to the requirements of the bulletproof level, and the number of layers of the fiber cloth is 100 layers.

[0077] Carbon fiber interlayers are arranged between the multiple layers of fiber cloth.

[0078] In the pultrusion thermosetting process, the thermosetting pressure is 1000 tons per square meter.

[0079] Preferably, the heat curing temperature during pultrusion is carried out in stages, 100°C for 60s, 120°C for 60s, and 150°C for 60s;

[0080] The cooling temperature of pultrusion is carried out in stages: 120℃ for 60s, 90℃ for 60s, and then naturally cooled to room temperature at 90℃.

[0081] The basalt fiber composite material obtained in the embodiment of the present invention is used in bulletproof armor, which can effectively prevent direct bullets and bomb fragments, and fully meets the police bulletproof standards of the Ministry of Public Security.

[0082] Example 5

[0083] See Figure 1The process of the present invention is carried out by the cooperation of a cutting machine, a mold and a sand rack. The mold has a resin binder groove, the mold has a unidirectional curvature, and the distance between the male mold and the female mold can be adjusted to form fiber composite materials of different thicknesses. The number of fiber cloth layers is adjusted according to the requirements of the bulletproof grade. The present invention is pultruded and cut at the same time, and the product thickness is 5mm, 10mm and 20mm.

[0084] The basalt fiber composite material obtained in Examples 1-4 of the present invention is used in bulletproof armor, which can effectively prevent direct bullets and bomb fragments, and not only fully meets the bulletproof standards of the Ministry of Public Security,

[0085] Meanwhile, the contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0086] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0087] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A black stone fiber composite material, characterized in that: The basalt fiber composite material is formed by pultrusion and thermosetting of basalt fiber and a binder. The basalt fiber is a surface-modified basalt fiber, and the binder is epoxy resin, unsaturated resin, isophthalic resin or phenolic resin.

2. The black stone fiber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basalt fiber is a whisker-like basalt fiber.

3. The black stone fiber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface modification of the basalt fiber is specifically as follows: (1) the basalt fiber is soaked in 0.5-1 mol / L sulfuric acid for 2-3 hours and then washed and dried for the first time; (2) 5-8 parts by weight of carbon black, 1-2 parts by weight of γ-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and 1-2 parts by weight of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether are added to 30-40 parts of deionized water, and after ultrasonic mixing and dispersion, 3-6 parts of nano-graphene oxide are added, and ultrasonic vibration is performed for 1-3 hours to obtain a modified dispersion; (3) the basalt fiber washed and dried for the first time is soaked in the modified dispersion for 3-4 hours under ultrasonic conditions, and after washing and drying, the surface-modified basalt fiber is obtained.

4. The black stone fiber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The black stone fiber is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: Other margin.

5. The black stone fiber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume proportion of the basalt fiber and the binder is: 60%-75% of the fiber and 25%-40% of the binder.

6. The black stone fiber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The black stone fiber is in the form of fiber cloth or continuous fiber yarn, the continuous fiber yarn is inner drawn, and the fiber cloth is unidirectional fiber cloth or multidirectional fiber cloth.

7. The black stone fiber composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that: Glass fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber or super strong polyethylene fiber interlayers are arranged between the multiple layers of fiber cloth.

8. The black stone fiber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the pultrusion thermosetting process, the thermosetting time is 3-6 minutes, and the thermosetting pressure is 700-1000 tons per square meter.

9. The black stone fiber composite material according to claim 8, characterized in that: The heat setting temperature is carried out in stages, 90-100℃ for 30-60s, 100-120℃ for 30-60s, 120-150℃ for 30-60s; The cooling temperature after heat curing is carried out in stages: 150-120°C for 30-60s, 120-90°C for 30-60s, and 90°C for natural cooling to room temperature.

10. A basalt fiber composite material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 for use in bulletproof armor.

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