Intelligent mast lamp system suitable for ship provided with large wing-shaped sail

Abstract

The invention relates to an intelligent mast lamp system suitable for a ship provided with a large wing-shaped sail, which relates to the technical field of ships and comprises a front mast lamp, a rear mast lamp and a supplementary rear mast lamp which are used for the ship provided with the sail, the adjustable shading plates are mounted on the rear mast lamp and the supplementary rear mast lamp and automatically adjust the shading range according to the angle of the sail, so that the light-emitting angle range of the supplementary rear mast lamp fills the angle range of the rear mast lamp shielded by the sail, and the shading angle range of the rear mast lamp is consistent with the shading angle range of the sail to the rear mast lamp. According to the method, the sailing safety risk caused by the rear mast lamp shielded by the sail can be solved, the reliability and the accuracy of the mast lamp system are improved, the signal function during night sailing is guaranteed, and the requirement of the international maritime collision avoidance rule is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ships, in particular to a ship equipped with a large wing-shaped sail, and in particular to an intelligent masthead light system suitable for the ship equipped with the large wing-shaped sail. Background Art

[0002] When a ship is sailing at night, the masthead light is a key navigation signal device, and its normal operation is crucial to ensuring the safety of the ship. However, as more and more ships begin to install large sails to improve operating economy and reduce harmful gas emissions, the problem of sails shielding the masthead light has gradually become prominent. In particular, large wing-shaped sails are usually much taller than the rear masthead light, and the angle needs to be constantly adjusted according to the wind direction during operation, resulting in the shielding angle and range of the rear masthead light constantly changing. This shielding effect makes it impossible for third-party ships to obtain the masthead light signal of the current ship within the shielding range, thereby increasing the safety risks of nighttime navigation.

[0003] According to the mandatory requirements of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGS), large ships (with a length of 50 meters or more) must be equipped with forward and rear masthead lights when sailing at night. These masthead lights must be set in the mid-longitudinal plane of the ship, and the longitudinal distance between the front and rear masthead lights must not be less than half the length of the ship or 100 meters, whichever is smaller; the rear masthead light must be at least 4.5 meters higher than the forward masthead light; the forward and rear masthead lights must have an unobstructed luminous range of 225 degrees to the bow in the horizontal plane, and other angles must be shielded. These regulations are intended to ensure that third-party ships can identify the current position, size and general direction of travel of the ship based on the signal lights, thereby ensuring the safety of ships sailing at night.

[0004] However, existing solutions have obvious limitations in dealing with the sail shielding problem. A common practice is to apply for exemption from the flag state, but this method cannot make up for the reduced navigation safety caused by the sail shielding the rear masthead light. In addition, many solutions try to solve the problem by changing the position of the rear masthead light, but these solutions are subject to many limitations in practical application. For example:

[0005] The utility model "March Mast Lighting Device for Sail-Aided Ships" (CN209382221U) requires building a crossbeam mast on top of two sails and setting a rear mast light, and setting a rear mast light above it; this method has too many restrictions on the number and layout of sails. In actual design, the determination of the sail position mainly considers factors such as aerodynamic factors and deck layout space. The device in this utility model is not universally applicable and may only be applicable to specific design cases.

[0006] In the utility model "Sailboat with Improved Mizzen Mast Light" (CN209336977U), a mizzen mast (mizzen mast refers to a large structure for placing a mizzen light and other signal lights) and a mizzen light are arranged on the bow side of the sail, ensuring that there are two mast lights on the ship; however, in most cases, the sail is located relatively close to the bow, which will cause the additional mizzen light to be too close to the front mast light and fail to meet the longitudinal distance requirement between the two, thus losing the meaning of the mizzen light; in addition, an additional and very tall mizzen mast is arranged in the cargo hold area, which brings greater difficulties to the layout of the deck area and also increases the empty ship weight.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a solution that can effectively solve the problem of sails shielding the rear mast lights, so as to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the ship's signal function under various working conditions, while meeting the requirements of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent mast light system suitable for ships equipped with large wing-shaped sails, so as to solve the navigation safety risk caused by the sail blocking the rear mast light, improve the reliability and accuracy of the mast light system, ensure the signal function during night navigation, and ensure that the requirements of the International Regulations for Avoiding Collisions at Sea are met.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention provides an intelligent mast light system suitable for ships equipped with large wing-shaped sails, including a front mast light, a rear mast light and a supplementary rear mast light for ships equipped with sails; the rear mast light and the supplementary rear mast light are equipped with adjustable shading plates, and the adjustable shading plates automatically adjust the shading range according to the angle of the sail, so that the luminous angle range of the supplementary rear mast light fills the angle range of the rear mast light shielded by the sail, so that the shading angle range of the rear mast light is consistent with the shading angle range of the sail to the rear mast light.

[0010] Preferably, the sail is located between the front mast light and the rear mast light, and the top of the sail is higher than the rear mast light; the supplementary rear mast light is located between the sail and the front mast light, and the supplementary rear mast light is higher than the front mast light.

[0011] Preferably, the maximum shading angle of the adjustable shading plate of the rear mast light is greater than the maximum total shading angle of the sail to the rear mast light, and the minimum shading range is less than the minimum total shading angle of the sail to the rear mast light.

[0012] Preferably, the maximum shading angle of the adjustable shading plate of the supplementary rear mast light is greater than the difference between 360° and the minimum total shielding angle of the sail, and the minimum shading range should be less than the difference between 360° and the maximum total shielding angle of the sail, so as to ensure that its luminous angle can accurately compensate for the shielded part of the rear mast light.

[0013] Preferably, at the same time, the luminous angle of the supplementary rear mast light is smaller than the angle range of the rear mast light shielded by the sail, and the difference between the two is adjustable.

[0014] Preferably, the adjustable shading panels of the rear mast light and the supplementary rear mast light are composed of two or more movable sub-shading panels, and a certain overlapping portion is always maintained between adjacent movable sub-shading panels during the adjustment process to ensure the continuity and integrity of the shading effect.

[0015] Preferably, the movable sub-shading plate is formed of a stainless steel plate with a circular arc horizontal section, and moves along a horizontal arc track centered on the mast light, and its displacement is driven by a stepper motor through a worm gear transmission mechanism.

[0016] Preferably, after acquiring the operating signal of the sail, the control system calculates the shielding angle of the sail to the rear mast light, and controls the operation of the stepper motor accordingly to achieve precise displacement of the movable sub-shading plate, thereby achieving the desired shielding angle.

[0017] Preferably, the forward mast light, the aft mast light and the supplementary aft mast light are installed on the mid-longitudinal plane of the ship, the forward mast light is located at the bow, and the aft mast light is installed at the tail of the forward mast light, and the distance between the two is not less than half the ship length or 100 meters, whichever is smaller, and the installation height of the aft mast light is not less than 4.5 meters higher than the forward mast light.

[0018] Preferably, the supplementary rear mast light is located at the tail of the front mast light, maintaining a horizontal distance of at least 2 meters from the front mast light, and at least 2 meters higher than the front mast light.

[0019] In summary, the present invention includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0020] The present invention effectively solves the navigation safety risk caused by the sail blocking the rear mast light, and can give full play to the collision avoidance function of the mast light when sailing at sea. By setting a supplementary rear mast light and equipping it with a shading plate with an adjustable shading range, the present invention ensures that within the angle range where the sail blocks the original rear mast light, the supplementary rear mast light can replace the original rear mast light to play its role. Since the shielding range of the sail to the rear mast light is generally located near the longitudinal extension line of the ship, this design enables third-party ships to accurately observe the necessary mast light signals when the ship is sailing at night, regardless of whether they are located near the longitudinal extension line or the transverse extension line of the current ship, thereby effectively reducing the risk of collision and ensuring navigation safety.

[0021] The present invention effectively solves the problem of the masthead light being blocked by the sail. The original masthead light is still used within the angle range not blocked by the sail, ensuring that it fully meets the regulatory requirements. Within the sail blocking range, the supplementary masthead light is precisely controlled by the adjustable shading plate to emit light only within the required angle range, thus preventing third-party ships from seeing the three masthead lights and causing misjudgment. This intelligent adjustment mechanism not only improves the reliability and accuracy of the masthead light system, but also provides a strong guarantee for the navigation safety of ships.

[0022] The present invention has wide applicability to ships equipped with different types of sails. Regardless of whether the sail is fixed in angle or needs to be adjusted continuously according to wind direction and heading, the present invention can adapt to changes in the shielding angle of the rear masthead light by the sail by adjusting the shading range of the shading plate in real time. This flexibility makes the present invention not only suitable for ships equipped with large wing-shaped sails, but also for ships equipped with other types of sails, ensuring that the requirements of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea can be met under various working conditions.

[0023] In addition, the present invention does not limit the installation position and number of sails. Since the supplementary rear mast light can be installed on the foremast, there is no need to set up a separate mast and occupy additional deck space, so there is a high degree of freedom in ship design and layout. This design not only simplifies the structure of the ship, but also avoids the increase of the empty ship weight, thereby ensuring navigation safety while taking into account the economy and practicality of the ship. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a side view schematic diagram of a mast light system conventionally installed with a large wing-shaped sail in the prior art;

[0025] Figure 2 A side view schematic diagram of an intelligent masthead light system suitable for a vessel equipped with a large wing-shaped sailboat according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 A top view schematic diagram of an intelligent masthead light system suitable for a ship equipped with a large wing-shaped sailboat according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic top view of an adjustable shading plate for supplementing a rear mast light in an intelligent mast light system for a ship equipped with a large wing-shaped sail according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 A three-dimensional view of an adjustable sunshade for supplementing a rear mast light in an intelligent mast light system for a vessel equipped with a large wing-shaped sail according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 A schematic top view of an adjustable shading plate of a rear mast light in an intelligent mast light system suitable for a ship equipped with a large wing-shaped sailboat according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 A three-dimensional view of an adjustable sunshade of a rear mast light in an intelligent mast light system suitable for a ship equipped with a large wing-shaped sail according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 The present invention is a top view schematic diagram of the composition and working principle of a movable sub-shading plate in an intelligent mast light system suitable for a ship equipped with a large wing-shaped sail.

[0032] Figure numerals: 1. ship; 2. sail; 3. rear mast light; 4. front mast light; 5. supplementary rear mast light; 6. adjustable sunshade; 7. movable sub-shade; 8. overlapping part of sub-shade; 9. stainless steel plate; 10. arc track; 11. stepper motor; 12. worm gear transmission mechanism; 13. control system; 14. fixed sub-shade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] The embodiment of the present invention discloses an intelligent mast light system suitable for a ship equipped with a large wing-shaped sail, which is intended to solve the problem of shielding the rear mast light 3 by the sail 2 during the operation of the ship 1. The system ensures the accuracy and reliability of the signal function of the ship 1 under various working conditions by intelligently adjusting the shading plate and the synergistic effect of the supplementary rear mast light 5. The present invention comprises a front mast light 4, a rear mast light 3 and a supplementary rear mast light 5 installed on a ship 1 equipped with a large wing-shaped sail 2; the rear mast light 3 and the supplementary rear mast light 5 are equipped with an adjustable shading plate 6 with a shading range that can be automatically adjusted according to the angle of the wing-shaped sail 2.

[0035] The ship 1 is the carrier of the entire intelligent masthead light system, and is equipped with one or more large wing-shaped sails 2. These sails 2 may have a shielding effect on the rear masthead light 3 during the operation of the ship 1, so an intelligent adjustment of the shading system is required to adapt to the change in the angle of the sail 2. The front masthead light 4, the supplementary rear masthead light 5 and the rear masthead light 3 are installed in sequence on the mid-longitudinal plane of the ship 1. The positions and heights of these lamps are precisely designed to ensure the best signal function under different working conditions.

[0036] The forward masthead light 4 is located within 0.25 times the length of the ship at the bow to ensure clear signal indication in the bow direction. The rear masthead light 3 is installed at the tail of the forward masthead light 4, and the distance between the two is not less than half the length of the ship or 100 meters, whichever is smaller. The installation height of the rear masthead light 3 is not less than 4.5 meters higher than the forward masthead light 4. The horizontal and vertical position relationship between the forward and rear taillights is used to indicate the size of the ship and the approximate direction of travel. The sail 2 is located between the forward masthead light 4 and the rear masthead light 3, and the top of the sail 2 is higher than the rear masthead light 3, shielding it.

[0037] The supplementary rear mast light 5 is located at the tail of the front mast light 4, and maintains a horizontal distance of not less than 2 meters from the front mast light 4, and is not less than 2 meters higher than the front mast light 4. This arrangement enables the supplementary rear mast light 5 to provide a signal function when the sail 2 blocks the rear mast light 3, and can still indicate the size of the ship and the approximate direction of travel within the vicinity of the longitudinal extension line of the ship. The luminous angle of the supplementary rear mast light 5 has been carefully designed to be slightly smaller than the total shielding angle a of the rear mast light 3 blocked by the sail 2 (such as taking the total shielding angle a minus 2°) to avoid the diffraction effect of light causing third-party ships to see the three mast lights emitting at the same time, thereby causing misjudgment. Among them, the value by which the luminous angle of the supplementary rear mast light 5 is reduced compared to the total shielding angle a of the rear mast light 3 should be adjustable.

[0038] The rear mast light 3 and the supplementary rear mast light 5 are both equipped with adjustable visors 6, which can automatically adjust the shading range according to the real-time status of the sail 2. The adjustable visor 6 is composed of two or more movable sub-visors 7. During the adjustment process, a certain overlap (the overlapped part 8 of the sub-visors) must be maintained between adjacent sub-visors to ensure the continuity and integrity of the shading effect. Specifically, the total shielding angle a of the sail 2 to the rear mast light 3 is calculated according to the real-time status of the sail 2, and the visor of the supplementary rear mast light 5 is automatically adjusted so that the luminous angle range of the supplementary rear mast light 5 is approximately equal to the angle range of the rear mast light 3 shielded by the sail 2, and the visor of the rear mast light 3 is automatically adjusted so that the shading angle range of the rear mast light 3 is consistent with the total shading angle range of the sail 2 to the rear mast light 3. According to the calculation, if a sub-visor does not need to be moved under all working conditions, it can be set as a fixed sub-visor 14, thereby simplifying the structure and improving reliability.

[0039] Each movable sub-shading plate 7 is made of a stainless steel plate 9 with a circular arc horizontal section. This material selection takes into account strength, corrosion resistance and optical performance. The movable sub-shading plate 7 moves along the arc track 10 centered on the mast light, and its displacement is driven by the stepper motor 11 through the worm gear transmission mechanism 12. After obtaining the operation signal of the sail 2, the control system 13 calculates the shielding angle of the sail 2 to the rear mast light 3, and controls the operation of the stepper motor 11 accordingly, and then drives the movable sub-shading plate 7 to move along the arc track 10 through the worm gear transmission mechanism 12, so as to achieve the precise displacement of multiple movable sub-shading plates 7, so as to achieve the required shielding angle.

[0040] During the operation of the sail 2, it is necessary to pre-calculate the maximum total shielding angle b and the minimum total shielding angle s that may occur. The maximum shielding angle of the adjustable visor 6 of the rear mast light 3 should be greater than the maximum total shielding angle b, and the minimum shielding range should be less than the minimum total shielding angle s, to ensure that the sail 2 can effectively shield the rear mast light 3 under various working conditions. Similarly, the maximum shielding angle of the adjustable visor 6 of the supplementary rear mast light 5 should be greater than (360°-minimum total shielding angle s), and the minimum shielding range should be less than (360°-maximum total shielding angle b), to ensure that its luminous angle can accurately compensate for the shielded part of the rear mast light 3.

[0041] For ships 1 equipped with other types of sails 2, if the shielding angle of the sail 2 to the rear masthead light 3 does not change during operation, all adjustable shading panels 6 can be simplified to fixed shading panels. This design simplification not only reduces the complexity of the system, but also improves reliability and maintenance convenience. At the same time, the calculation method of the shading angle remains consistent, ensuring the versatility and compatibility of the system.

[0042] The supplementary rear mast light 5 can be installed on the fore mast structure of the ship 1 together with the front mast light 4 according to the specific structure and layout of the ship 1. This integrated solution helps to optimize space utilization, while simplifying the design of the electrical connection and control system 13, and improving the integration and aesthetics of the overall system.

[0043] The intelligent masthead light system of the present invention effectively solves the problem of shielding the rear masthead light 3 by the sail 2 through precise lamp arrangement, intelligent adjustment of the sunshade and the synergistic effect of the supplementary rear masthead light 5, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the signal function of the ship 1 under various working conditions. The system is not only suitable for ships 1 equipped with large wing-shaped sails 2, but also has good versatility and compatibility, and can adapt to different types of sails 2 and ship 1 structures.

[0044] In the specific implementation process, considering that the shielding of the rear mast light 3 by the sail 2 is partial, the present invention still uses the original rear mast light 3 within the angle range not shielded by the sail 2. The original rear mast light 3 refers to the rear mast light 3 that can fully meet the requirements of the specification without considering the shielding of the sail 2, and can fully comply with the relevant specifications within the angle range not shielded. In order to deal with the problem of shielding by the sail 2, the present invention sets a supplementary rear mast light 5 higher than the front mast light 4 on the tail side of the front mast light 4. This supplementary rear mast light 5 only emits light within the angle range where the original rear mast light 3 is shielded, thereby replacing the original rear mast light 3 within the shielding range of the sail 2.

[0045] The shielding of the rear mast light 3 by the sail 2 usually occurs at the bow side of the rear mast light 3 and within the angle range close to the longitudinal direction of the ship 1. By setting the supplementary rear mast light 5, when the third-party ship is located near the longitudinal extension line of the current ship 1, it can be guaranteed to observe two mast lights with a certain height difference (i.e., the front mast light 4 and the supplementary rear mast light 5) to judge the location and approximate heading of the current ship 1; and when the third-party ship is located near the transverse extension line of the current ship 1, it can be guaranteed to observe two mast lights with a sufficient longitudinal distance (i.e., the front mast light 4 and the original rear mast light 3) to judge the size and approximate heading of the current ship 1.

[0046] For the wing-shaped sail 2, since it needs to continuously adjust the angle according to the wind direction and heading, the shielding angle range of the rear mast light 3 is constantly changing. In order to maximize the use of the original rear mast light 3 and prevent the third-party ship 1 from seeing the three mast lights, the present invention is equipped with a shading plate with an adjustable shading range for the supplementary rear mast light 5. The shading plate can adjust the shading range in real time according to the angle of the sail 2 to ensure that the supplementary rear mast light 5 only emits light within the angle range where the original rear mast light 3 is shielded by the sail 2. Through this adjustable shading plate, the present invention does not need to limit the installation position of the sail 2, nor does it need to occupy additional deck space, and the added empty ship weight is also very small, thereby ensuring navigation safety while also taking into account the economy and practicality of the ship 1.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent masthead light system suitable for ships equipped with large wing-shaped sails, characterized in that: The invention comprises a front mast light (4), a rear mast light (3) and a supplementary rear mast light (5) for a ship (1) equipped with a sail (2); the rear mast light (3) and the supplementary rear mast light (5) are provided with an adjustable shading plate (6); the adjustable shading plate (6) automatically adjusts the shading range according to the angle of the sail (2), so that the luminous angle range of the supplementary rear mast light (5) fills the angle range of the rear mast light (3) shielded by the sail (2), so that the shading angle range of the rear mast light (3) is consistent with the shading angle range of the sail (2) to the rear mast light (3).

2. The intelligent masthead light system suitable for a ship equipped with a large wing-shaped sail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sail (2) is located between the front mast light (4) and the rear mast light (3), and the top of the sail (2) is higher than the rear mast light (3); the supplementary rear mast light (5) is located between the sail (2) and the front mast light (4), and the supplementary rear mast light (5) is higher than the front mast light (4).

3. The intelligent masthead light system suitable for a ship equipped with a large wing-shaped sail according to claim 2, characterized in that: The maximum shading angle of the adjustable shading plate (6) of the rear mast light (3) is greater than the maximum total shading angle of the sail (2) on the rear mast light (3), and the minimum shading range is less than the minimum total shading angle of the sail (2) on the rear mast light (3).

4. The intelligent masthead light system suitable for a ship equipped with a large wing-shaped sail according to claim 3, characterized in that: The maximum shading angle of the adjustable shading plate (6) of the supplementary rear mast light (5) is greater than the difference between 360° and the minimum total shading angle of the sail (2), and the minimum shading range should be less than the difference between 360° and the maximum total shading angle of the sail (2) to ensure that its luminous angle can accurately compensate for the shading portion of the rear mast light (3).

5. The intelligent masthead light system suitable for a ship equipped with a large wing-shaped sail according to claim 4, characterized in that: The light emitting angle of the supplementary rear mast light (5) is smaller than the angle range of the rear mast light (3) being shielded by the sail (2), and the difference between the two is adjustable.

6. The intelligent masthead light system suitable for a ship equipped with a large wing-shaped sail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable shading plates (6) of the rear mast light (3) and the supplementary rear mast light (5) are both composed of two or more movable sub-shading plates (7), and a certain overlap is always maintained between adjacent movable sub-shading plates (7) during the adjustment process to ensure the continuity and integrity of the shading effect.

7. The intelligent masthead light system suitable for a ship equipped with a large wing-shaped sail according to claim 6, characterized in that: The movable sub-shading plate (7) is composed of a stainless steel plate (9) with a circular arc horizontal section, and moves along an arc track (10) centered on the mast light. Its displacement is driven by a stepping motor (11) through a worm gear transmission mechanism (12).

8. The intelligent masthead light system suitable for a ship equipped with a large wing-shaped sail according to claim 7, characterized in that: After acquiring the operating signal of the sail (2), the control system (13) calculates the shielding angle of the sail (2) on the rear mast light (3), and controls the operation of the stepper motor (11) accordingly, thereby achieving the precise displacement of the movable sub-shading plate (7), thereby achieving the required shielding angle.

9. The intelligent masthead light system suitable for a ship equipped with a large wing-shaped sail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supplementary rear mast light (5) is located at the tail of the front mast light (4), maintaining a horizontal distance of at least 2 meters from the front mast light (4), and at the same time being at least 2 meters higher than the front mast light (4).

10. The intelligent masthead light system suitable for a ship equipped with a large wing-shaped sail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forward mast light (4), the aft mast light (3) and the supplementary aft mast light (5) are installed on the mid-longitudinal plane of the ship (1), the forward mast light (4) is located within 0.25 times the ship length of the bow, and the aft mast light (3) is installed at the tail of the forward mast light (4), and the distance between the two is not less than half the ship length or 100 meters, whichever is smaller, and the installation height of the aft mast light (3) is not less than 4.5 meters higher than the forward mast light (4).

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