Self-adaptive braking force adjusting device and method for elevator brake

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive braking force adjusting device and method for an elevator brake, and belongs to the technical field of elevator traction sheave braking. The self-adaptive braking force adjusting device comprises an elevator traction sheave installed on a traction sheave fixing base, a left brake shoe and a right brake shoe are installed at the two ends of the elevator traction sheave respectively, and the left brake shoe is in transmission connection with a left braking mechanism; the left brake shoe is in transmission connection with a left brake mechanism, the right brake shoe is in transmission connection with a right brake mechanism, the upper end of the left brake shoe is connected with the upper end of the right brake shoe through a connecting base, and an annular encoder is installed in the center of the connecting base and located above a groove in an elevator traction wheel. The position and the speed of the traction sheave of the elevator are accurately positioned through real-time monitoring of the annular encoder, when the elevator is abnormal, emergency braking can be rapidly carried out, it is ensured that the elevator can be stably stopped under the dangerous condition, and accidents caused by system faults are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of elevator traction wheel brakes, and in particular relates to an elevator brake adaptive braking force adjustment device and method. Background Art

[0002] The operating performance of an elevator is directly related to the safety and comfort of passengers. Smooth braking is a key factor in ensuring the safe operation of elevators and improving the passenger experience. The elevator traction sheave is one of the core components of the elevator traction system. Its function is to transmit power through the friction with the traction wire rope to drive the car and counterweight device up and down. The traction sheave is usually a disc-shaped component made of cast iron or alloy steel, with rope grooves (such as U-shaped, V-shaped or notched grooves) processed on the surface to accommodate the traction wire rope. Its diameter and groove design directly affect the friction coefficient and traction force. Rope groove types: Common ones are semicircular grooves (low friction coefficient but wear-resistant), V-shaped grooves (high friction coefficient but easy to wear wire ropes) and notched composite grooves (balanced friction and wear). Installation position: fixed on the output shaft of the traction machine, driven by a reducer (geared traction machine) or directly connected to the motor (gearless traction machine). The existing elevator braking system mainly uses mechanical braking and electromagnetic braking. The mechanical braking system achieves braking through physical contact, usually relying on components such as brake discs and brake calipers. Although the system has a simple structure and low cost, it will generate a large impact force during the braking process, which is easy to cause discomfort to passengers and wear of elevator-related equipment. In addition, the stability and responsiveness of mechanical braking will be greatly limited in high-load or frequent start-stop environments. The electromagnetic braking system uses electromagnetic force to control the braking process, with high control accuracy and fast response speed, but it still faces some technical bottlenecks. Especially in high-rise elevators and large-load applications, the control accuracy of electromagnetic braking is easily disturbed by external factors, resulting in instability in the braking process. Although the existing technology improves the braking effect to a certain extent by optimizing motor control, adjusting the braking curve, etc., these methods often have problems such as delayed response, excessive vibration or unstable braking in actual applications, affecting the stability and safety of the elevator. Therefore, how to further improve the stability of elevator braking and reduce the vibration and discomfort of passengers on the basis of ensuring braking efficiency and safety has become a key issue that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide an elevator brake adaptive braking force adjustment device and method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following scheme: The present invention provides an elevator brake adaptive braking force adjustment device, comprising an elevator traction wheel installed on a traction wheel fixed base, a left brake shoe and a right brake shoe are respectively installed at both ends of the elevator traction wheel, the left brake shoe is transmission-connected to a left brake mechanism, the right brake shoe is transmission-connected to a right brake mechanism, the upper ends of the left brake shoe and the right brake shoe are connected through a connecting seat, a ring-shaped encoder is installed at the center of the connecting seat, and the ring-shaped encoder is located above the groove on the elevator traction wheel.

[0005] Preferably, the left brake mechanism comprises a left brake shoe control motor connected to the left brake shoe, the left brake shoe control motor is connected to a left brake shoe pinion, and the left brake shoe pinion is meshed with a left brake shoe gear.

[0006] Preferably, the right brake mechanism comprises a right brake shoe control motor connected to the right brake shoe, the right brake shoe control motor is connected to a right brake shoe pinion, and the right brake shoe pinion is meshed with a right brake shoe gear.

[0007] Preferably, a left limiting mechanism is provided at one end of the connecting seat close to the left brake shoe, and a right limiting mechanism is provided at one end of the connecting seat close to the right brake shoe.

[0008] Preferably, the left limiting mechanism includes a left screw transmission connected to the left brake shoe, the left screw is fixedly connected to a left screw gear, the left screw gear is meshed with a left screw pinion, the left screw pinion is fixedly connected to the left screw control motor, and the left screw is threadedly connected to the connecting seat.

[0009] Preferably, the right limiting mechanism includes a right screw rod transmission connected to the right brake shoe, the right screw rod is fixedly connected to a right screw rod gearwheel, the right screw rod gearwheel is meshed with a right screw rod pinion, the right screw rod pinion is fixedly connected to the right screw rod control motor, and the right screw rod is threadedly connected to the connecting seat.

[0010] A method for using an elevator brake adaptive braking force adjustment device comprises the following steps:

[0011] S1. During the operation of the elevator, the ring encoder scans and identifies the grooves on the elevator traction wheel to determine the running speed and position of the elevator traction wheel;

[0012] S2. If slippage occurs between the brake shoe and the elevator traction sheave during the elevator braking process, the elevator is braked;

[0013] S3. When the elevator continues to run, the signal is transmitted to the control motor on the brake shoe to control the gear to reverse and return the screw rod to its original position.

[0014] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: through real-time monitoring and precise positioning of the position and speed of the elevator traction wheel by a ring encoder, when the elevator has an abnormality (such as excessive rotation speed or reaching a certain floor position), emergency braking can be quickly performed to ensure that the elevator can stop steadily in dangerous situations and avoid accidents caused by system failures.

[0015] The control motor precisely controls the brake shoe by adjusting the gear on it, thereby achieving a smooth stop of the elevator. This precise control can effectively reduce the impact force during elevator braking, reduce mechanical wear, and extend the service life of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 It is a front view of the adaptive braking force regulating device of the elevator brake of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the right side of the adaptive braking force adjustment device of the elevator brake of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the left side of the adaptive braking force adjustment device of the elevator brake of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. Elevator traction wheel; 2. Left brake shoe control motor; 3. Right brake shoe control motor; 4. Left brake shoe; 5. Right brake shoe; 6. Ring encoder; 7. Right lead screw control motor; 8. Right lead screw; 9. Left lead screw; 10. Left lead screw control motor; 11. Groove; 12. Right lead screw pinion; 13. Right lead screw gear; 14. Right brake shoe gear; 15. Right brake shoe pinion; 16. Left brake shoe gear; 17. Left brake shoe pinion; 18. Left lead screw pinion; 19. Left lead screw gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides an elevator brake adaptive braking force adjustment device, including an elevator traction wheel 1 installed on a traction wheel fixed base, a left brake shoe 4 and a right brake shoe 5 are respectively installed at both ends of the elevator traction wheel 1, the left brake shoe 4 is transmission-connected with a left brake mechanism, and the right brake shoe 5 is transmission-connected with a right brake mechanism, the upper ends of the left brake shoe 4 and the right brake shoe 5 are connected through a connecting seat, and a ring encoder 6 is installed at the center of the connecting seat, and the ring encoder 6 is located above the groove 11 on the elevator traction wheel 1.

[0024] During the daily operation of the elevator, when the elevator reaches the corresponding floor or an emergency situation requires the elevator to brake, the brake shoe comes into contact with the brake traction wheel, and friction with the traction wheel generates resistance, causing the elevator to stop running. During the operation of the elevator, the ring encoder 6 scans and identifies the uniform grooves 11 on the elevator traction wheel 1 to determine the running speed and position of the elevator traction wheel 1. If slippage occurs between the brake shoe and the elevator traction wheel 1 during the braking process of the elevator, the identified speed is transmitted to the brake shoe control motor through a signal, and the motor pushes the brake shoe to continue to clamp the traction wheel by adjusting the gear on it, thereby achieving elevator braking.

[0025] By real-time monitoring and precise positioning of the position and speed of the elevator traction wheel 1 by the ring encoder, when the elevator has an abnormality (such as excessive speed or reaching a certain floor position), emergency braking can be quickly performed to ensure that the elevator can stop steadily in dangerous situations and avoid accidents caused by system failures.

[0026] The control motor precisely controls the brake shoe by adjusting the gear on it, thereby achieving a smooth stop of the elevator. This precise control can effectively reduce the impact force during elevator braking, reduce mechanical wear, and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0027] Through the compensating conversion relationship between the control devices, the stable braking of the elevator can be accurately achieved to avoid unstable braking of the elevator caused by slippage and safety accidents.

[0028] According to a further optimization scheme, the left brake mechanism includes a left brake shoe control motor 2 connected to the left brake shoe 4 , the left brake shoe control motor 2 is connected to a left brake shoe pinion 17 , and the left brake shoe pinion 17 is meshed with a left brake shoe gear 16 .

[0029] According to a further optimization scheme, the right brake mechanism includes a right brake shoe control motor 3 connected to the right brake shoe 5 , the right brake shoe control motor 3 is connected to a right brake shoe pinion 15 , and the right brake shoe pinion 15 is meshed with a right brake shoe gear 14 .

[0030] The left and right brake mechanisms achieve torque amplification through a gear transmission system (small gear drives large gear) to ensure that the brake shoe applies uniform braking force to the traction wheel. When the brake shoe on one side slips due to wear or uneven force, the control system can independently adjust the stroke of the left and right screw motors, dynamically adjust the brake shoe contact pressure, and avoid unbalanced braking force.

[0031] According to a further optimization scheme, a left limit mechanism is provided at one end of the connecting seat close to the left brake shoe 4, and a right limit mechanism is provided at one end of the connecting seat close to the right brake shoe 5.

[0032] A further optimized solution is that the left limiting mechanism includes a left screw 9 transmission-connected to the left brake shoe 4, the left screw 9 is fixedly connected to a left screw gear 19, the left screw gear 19 is meshed with a left screw pinion 18, the left screw pinion 18 is fixedly connected to the left screw control motor 10, and the left screw 9 is threadedly connected to the connecting seat.

[0033] A further optimized solution is that the right limiting mechanism includes a right screw rod 8 which is transmission-connected to the right brake shoe 5, the right screw rod 8 is fixedly connected to a right screw rod gearwheel 13, the right screw rod gearwheel 13 is meshed with a right screw rod pinion 12, the right screw rod pinion 12 is fixedly connected to the right screw rod control motor 7, and the right screw rod 8 is threadedly connected to the connecting seat.

[0034] The left and right limit mechanisms control the reverse self-locking function of the motor through the screw rod, which keeps the brake shoe in a fixed position after braking is completed to prevent accidental release due to vibration or mechanical rebound. At the same time, if it is detected that the screw rod stroke reaches the preset safety threshold (such as wear limit), the system will trigger an alarm and force the elevator to stop, achieving dual mechanical and electrical protection.

[0035] A method for using an elevator brake adaptive braking force adjustment device comprises the following steps:

[0036] S1. During the operation of the elevator, the ring encoder 6 scans and identifies the groove 11 on the elevator traction wheel 1 to determine the running speed and position of the elevator traction wheel 1;

[0037] S2. If slippage occurs between the brake shoe and the elevator traction sheave 1 during the elevator braking process, the identified speed is transmitted to the brake shoe control motor through a signal, and the left brake shoe control motor 2 and the right brake shoe control motor 3 respectively push the left brake shoe 4 and the right brake shoe 5 to continue clamping the traction sheave and brake the elevator by adjusting the gears thereon;

[0038] S3. When the elevator continues to run, the annular encoder 6 transmits a signal to the control motor on the brake shoe, controls the gear to reverse, and returns the lead screw to its original position. At the same time, it transmits a signal to the left / right lead screw control motor on the elevator brake shoe. Through the compensation conversion relationship between the brake shoe control motor and the lead screw control motor, the gear on the control motor is adjusted to compress the lead screw inward, and cooperates with the brake shoe to complete a complete braking process of the elevator traction wheel 1. Through the above process, the braking of the elevator traction wheel 1 can be better achieved, the slippage phenomenon during the braking process can be avoided, and the safe and stable operation of the elevator can be ensured.

[0039] The ring encoder 6 is fixed to the center of the connection seat by a fixing device, facing the groove 11 on the elevator traction wheel 1, and is used to identify the movement speed of the traction wheel. Assuming that the number of grooves 11 on the elevator traction wheel 1 is N, r is the increment of the elevator position corresponding to each groove 11 scanned by the ring encoder, then the position of the elevator at time t is:

[0040] P(t)=r×C(t)

[0041] Wherein, C(t) represents the number of grooves 11 scanned by the annular encoder 6 at time t.

[0042] Then the running speed of the elevator traction wheel 1 can be expressed as:

[0043]

[0044] The ring encoder 6 transmits the identified speed information to the left brake shoe 4 control motor and the right brake shoe 5 control motor through signals. The left brake shoe 4 control motor cooperates with the left brake shoe gear 16 and the left brake shoe pinion 17, and the right brake shoe 5 control motor cooperates with the right brake shoe gear 14 and the right brake shoe pinion 15 to achieve clamping braking of the traction wheel.

[0045] The left / right brake shoe control device and the left / right screw control device realize the complete elevator brake process through the compensation conversion relationship. The compensation conversion relationship is as follows: the torque generated by the brake is compensated by the displacement of the screw, and the torque on the left brake shoe 4 and the position on the left screw 9 are linearly related. Similarly, the right one has the following formula.

[0046] T L =K L ·x L T R =K R ·x R

[0047] The key to the compensation conversion relationship is the interaction between the left / right brake shoe and the left / right lead screw. The brake shoe of the elevator needs to generate a reaction force on the lead screw in two directions to achieve braking. Through the relationship conversion, the compensation conversion formula can be obtained:

[0048] F L =K′ L ·Δx L F R =K′ R ·Δx R

[0049] By adjusting the transmission coefficient between the left / right brake and the lead screw, as well as the relative displacement relationship, the final compensation conversion equation can be obtained:

[0050] T L =K L ·x L +α(T R -T L )T R =K R ·x R +β(T L -T R )

[0051] In the above formula, F L Expressed as the force on the left brake shoe 4; F R Expressed as the force on the right brake shoe 5; T L Expressed as the torque on the left brake shoe 4; T R Expressed as the torque on the right brake shoe 5; x L It is represented by the displacement on the left screw 9; Δx L It is expressed as the relative displacement on the left screw 9; x R Expressed as the displacement on the right screw 8; Δx R Expressed as the displacement on the right screw 8; K L It is expressed as the transmission coefficient between the left brake shoe 4 and the left screw rod 9; K R It is expressed as the transmission coefficient between the right brake shoe 5 and the right screw rod 8.

[0052] The above compensation conversion relationship links the control of the left / right brake with the feedback of the left / right lead screw to form a closed-loop control system to complete the complete elevator braking process.

[0053] If the elevator runs for a long time and the brake shoes are worn, and the elevator traction wheel 1 cannot be effectively clamped by the left / right brake shoes, a signal is transmitted to the left screw 9 control motor and the right screw control motor 7.

[0054] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0055] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An elevator brake adaptive braking force adjustment device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an elevator traction wheel (1) mounted on a traction wheel fixed base, wherein a left brake shoe (4) and a right brake shoe (5) are respectively mounted on both ends of the elevator traction wheel (1), wherein the left brake shoe (4) is transmission-connected to a left brake mechanism, and the right brake shoe (5) is transmission-connected to a right brake mechanism, wherein the upper ends of the left brake shoe (4) and the right brake shoe (5) are connected via a connecting seat, wherein a ring-shaped encoder (6) is mounted at the center of the connecting seat, and wherein the ring-shaped encoder (6) is located above a groove (11) on the elevator traction wheel (1).

2. The elevator brake adaptive braking force adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left brake mechanism comprises a left brake shoe control motor (2) connected to the left brake shoe (4), the left brake shoe control motor (2) being connected to a left brake shoe pinion (17), and the left brake shoe pinion (17) being meshed with a left brake shoe gearwheel (16).

3. The elevator brake adaptive braking force adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right brake mechanism comprises a right brake shoe control motor (3) connected to the right brake shoe (5), the right brake shoe control motor (3) being connected to a right brake shoe pinion (15), and the right brake shoe pinion (15) being meshed with a right brake shoe gearwheel (14).

4. The elevator brake adaptive braking force adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A left limit mechanism is provided at one end of the connection seat close to the left brake shoe (4), and a right limit mechanism is provided at one end of the connection seat close to the right brake shoe (5).

5. The elevator brake adaptive braking force adjustment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The left limiting mechanism comprises a left screw (9) which is transmission-connected to the left brake shoe (4); the left screw (9) is fixedly connected to a left screw gear (19); the left screw gear (19) is meshed with a left screw pinion (18); the left screw pinion (18) is fixedly connected to a left screw control motor (10); and the left screw (9) is threadedly connected to the connecting seat.

6. The elevator brake adaptive braking force adjustment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The right limiting mechanism comprises a right screw (8) which is transmission-connected to the right brake shoe (5); the right screw (8) is fixedly connected to a right screw gear (13); the right screw gear (13) is meshed with a right screw pinion (12); the right screw pinion (12) is fixedly connected to a right screw control motor (7); and the right screw (8) is threadedly connected to the connecting seat.

7. A method for using an elevator brake adaptive braking force adjustment device, based on the elevator brake adaptive braking force adjustment device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. During the operation of the elevator, the ring encoder (6) scans and identifies the groove (11) on the elevator traction wheel (1) to determine the operating speed and position of the elevator traction wheel (1); S2. If slippage occurs between the brake shoe and the elevator traction sheave (1) during the elevator braking process, the elevator is braked; S3. When the elevator continues to run, the signal is transmitted to the control motor on the brake shoe to control the gear to reverse and return the screw rod to its original position.

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