Agricultural non-point source pollution control system and method based on nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria

Abstract

Agricultural non-point source pollution is caused by runoff of fertilizers and pesticides in farmland, and especially the problem of water eutrophication caused by nitrogen and phosphorus pollution is serious. Traditional pollution control measures such as reduction of chemical fertilizer consumption and construction of physical isolation belts are limited in effect and high in cost. Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria can fix nitrogen in the atmosphere and absorb nitrogen in water, so that the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria is considered to be a potential natural agricultural pollution control tool. The invention aims to provide an agricultural non-point source pollution control system based on nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria and an application method thereof, so as to efficiently replace part of chemical fertilizers, reduce agricultural non-point source pollution, improve soil fertility and promote healthy growth of crops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural pollution prevention and control, and in particular to an agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control system based on nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria and an application method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Agricultural non-point source pollution is caused by pollutants generated by agricultural activities (such as fertilization and pesticide use) entering the environment through runoff, seepage and other pathways, causing problems such as eutrophication of water bodies and soil degradation. Traditional methods for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution usually rely on measures such as reducing fertilizer use and physical isolation, which have the disadvantages of limited control effect and high cost. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an efficient and economical solution to replace part of the fertilizers, reduce agricultural non-point source pollution, and improve the agricultural ecological environment.

[0003] Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria are a type of algae that can fix atmospheric nitrogen. Through photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation, nitrogen in the atmosphere is converted into organic nitrogen that can be used by plants. In the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution, the use of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria can reduce the use of nitrogen fertilizers and reduce the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus, thereby achieving the goal of environmental friendliness and sustainable development. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control system based on nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria and an application method thereof. The system can efficiently apply nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria to farmland, replace part of the use of chemical fertilizers, reduce agricultural non-point source pollution, improve soil fertility, and promote the healthy growth of crops.

[0005] The present invention provides an agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control system based on nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, comprising:

[0006] Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria cultivation device: used to cultivate nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria under controlled conditions.

[0007] Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria treatment pond: used to cultivate nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria in agricultural water, thereby absorbing and fixing nitrogen and phosphorus in the water.

[0008] Nutrient recovery unit: used to extract usable nutrients from the metabolites of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria.

[0009] Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria application system: used to apply cultured nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria to farmland to replace part of the use of chemical fertilizers.

[0010] Monitoring and control module: used to monitor the nutrient content of water and soil in real time, and control the cultivation and application of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution based on nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria are cultured under controlled conditions in a nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria culture device.

[0013] In the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria treatment pool, nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria are introduced into agricultural water bodies to absorb nitrogen and phosphorus in the water.

[0014] The nutrient recovery unit extracts usable nutrients from the metabolites of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria.

[0015] The cultured nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria are applied to agricultural fields through the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria application system.

[0016] The monitoring and control module monitors the nutrient content of water and soil in real time, and adjusts the cultivation and application amount of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria based on the data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is the basic structural diagram of the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria application system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Specific installation of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria application system

[0019] Installation of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria storage tank: Install the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria storage tank on a flat ground close to the farmland to ensure that the tank is stable. Connect the inlet and outlet pipes of the storage tank to ensure that it is sealed and leak-proof.

[0020] Mixing unit installation: Connect the mixing unit to the storage tank and ensure that the feed and discharge ports are connected. Install the agitator and connect the power supply to ensure that the agitator works normally.

[0021] Delivery pipeline layout: According to the layout of the farmland, the delivery pipeline should be reasonably arranged to ensure that the application area is covered. Ensure that the pipeline is tightly connected and there is no water leakage.

[0022] Sprinkler system layout: Place sprinkler pipes above the fields, install sprinkler heads, and adjust the spraying angle to ensure coverage.

[0023] Installation of monitoring and control unit: Install sensors in the application area to ensure real-time monitoring of soil conditions. Connect the sensors to the data processor and install the data processor in an appropriate location to ensure stable signals.

[0024] Application method of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria

[0025] Preparation: Check that all components are tightly connected to ensure there is no leakage. Make sure there is enough nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria solution in the storage tank.

[0026] System start-up: Open the discharge valve of the storage tank, start the mixing unit, and start mixing nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria with water. Start the delivery pipeline pump to deliver the mixed solution to the drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation system.

[0027] Application control: Regulate application amount and frequency based on crop needs and sensor data. Use the control unit to set application frequency and duration to ensure even distribution of the cyanobacteria solution.

[0028] Monitoring and adjustment: Monitor the data from sensors during the application process to ensure that soil moisture and nutrient levels are within the set range. Adjust the application strategy based on the monitoring data to optimize the utilization of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria.

Claims

1. A system and method for preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution based on nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, characterized in that include: ①. Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria cultivation device, used to cultivate nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria under controlled conditions; ② Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria treatment pool, which is used to cultivate nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria in agricultural water, thereby absorbing and fixing nitrogen and phosphorus in the water; ③. Nutrient recovery unit, used to extract usable nutrients from the metabolites of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria; ④. Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria application system, which is used to apply cultivated nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria to farmland to replace part of the use of chemical fertilizers; ⑤. Monitoring and control module, used to monitor the nutrient content of water and soil in real time, and control the cultivation and application of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria.

2. As claimed in claim 1, wherein The nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria cultivation device comprises: ①, a culture tank; ② Temperature control device, used to adjust the temperature in the culture tank; ③. Lighting control device, used to provide appropriate light intensity; ④. pH value control device, used to adjust the pH value in the culture tank; ⑤. Nutrient supply device, used to provide the nutrients required for the growth of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein: The culture tank is set as a nitrogen-free culture medium, and trace elements such as magnesium and zinc are added.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein: The nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria treatment pool includes multiple barriers to increase the contact time between the cyanobacteria and water and optimize the nitrogen and phosphorus absorption effect.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein: The nutrient salt recovery unit comprises: ①, precipitation device, used to separate nutrients from the metabolites of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria; ②. Ion exchange device, used to further extract and purify nutrient salts.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein: The nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria application system comprises: ①, an application unit, used to evenly distribute nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria on the surface of the farmland; ② A sprinkler system for applying nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria through hydraulic transmission.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein: The monitoring and control module includes: ① Sensors for monitoring nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in water and soil; ②. Data processor, used to adjust the cyanobacteria cultivation and application amount according to sensor data.

8. A method for preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution based on nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, comprising the following steps: ①, Cultivating nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria under controlled conditions in a nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria cultivation device; ② Introduce nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria into agricultural water bodies in the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria treatment pool to absorb nitrogen and phosphorus in the water; ③. Extract usable nutrients from the metabolites of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria through a nutrient recovery unit; ④, applying the cultivated nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria to farmland through the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria application system; ⑤. Monitor the nutrient content of water and soil in real time through the monitoring and control module, and adjust the cultivation and application amount of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria according to the data.

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