Lead-zinc slag recovery processing device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a lead-zinc slag recycling device and method, and relates to the technical field of slag recycling. The device comprises a pretreatment system for crushing and screening lead-zinc slag; the physical sorting unit is used for sorting the lead-zinc slag; the chemical leaching unit is used for leaching the lead-zinc slag to obtain a lead-zinc leaching solution; the metal extraction unit is used for performing metal extraction on the leachate to obtain metal lead and zinc and waste slag liquid; the waste treatment unit is used for detecting and treating harmful substances in the waste slag liquid; and the intelligent control unit is used for carrying out optimization analysis on the recovery process by utilizing artificial intelligence and automatically adjusting an optimal recovery processing scheme. Advanced physical separation, chemical leaching, metallurgical refining and waste treatment technologies are comprehensively applied, and efficient automatic control means are matched, so that the recovery efficiency of lead-zinc slag treatment is remarkably improved, the more efficient recovery treatment effect is achieved, resource waste is reduced, environmental pollution is reduced, and the environment-friendly and green production targets are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of slag recovery, and in particular relates to a lead-zinc slag recovery and processing device and method. Background Art

[0002] Lead-zinc slag is a solid waste produced during the beneficiation and smelting of lead-zinc ore, which usually contains metal elements such as lead, zinc, copper, and iron. The existence of lead-zinc slag not only occupies a large amount of land, but also may pollute the environment, especially the discharge of wastewater and waste gas containing lead and zinc may have a serious impact on soil and water bodies. Therefore, how to efficiently and environmentally friendly recover the valuable metals in slag has become an important issue in the metallurgical industry.

[0003] At present, the traditional lead-zinc slag treatment methods are mainly through metallurgical refining, leaching and physical sorting. However, due to the low recovery efficiency, serious waste of resources in the treatment process and certain environmental pollution problems in the existing technology, a new and efficient recovery and treatment solution is urgently needed to solve these problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a lead-zinc slag recovery and treatment device and method, which can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a lead-zinc slag recovery and processing device, comprising:

[0006] Pretreatment system: used to crush and screen lead-zinc slag to remove impurities;

[0007] Physical separation unit: used for separating the lead-zinc slag according to different physical properties of lead-zinc minerals;

[0008] Chemical leaching unit: used for leaching the lead-zinc slag with an acidic solution or an alkaline solution, and removing insoluble substances in the leached liquid by solid-liquid separation to obtain a leaching solution containing lead and zinc;

[0009] Metal extraction unit: used for extracting metals from the leaching solution to obtain metallic lead, metallic zinc and waste slag liquid;

[0010] Waste treatment unit: used to detect harmful substances in the waste slag liquid and treat the waste according to the test results; also used to treat pollutants generated during the recycling process;

[0011] Intelligent control unit: used to obtain processing data throughout the entire recycling process, and use artificial intelligence to optimize and analyze the recycling process, automatically adjusting the best recycling treatment plan according to different slag types.

[0012] Preferably, the pretreatment system includes a crusher, and the crusher is used to crush the lead-zinc slag, specifically:

[0013] The lead-zinc slag is fed into a feed port of a jaw crusher by a loading device for primary crushing;

[0014] The lead-zinc slag enters the crushing chamber through the feed port and contacts the crushing plate or hammer of the jaw crusher, and is impacted, crushed and subjected to multiple forces;

[0015] The lead-zinc slag undergoes multiple crushing stages in the jaw crusher;

[0016] Discharging the primary crushed lead-zinc slag through the lower outlet of the jaw crusher;

[0017] The discharged primary crushed lead-zinc slag is sent to a cone crusher for secondary crushing, and during the secondary crushing process, the particle size of the primary crushed lead-zinc slag is controlled by adjusting the working parameters of the cone crusher, and the secondary crushed lead-zinc slag is output.

[0018] Preferably, the pretreatment system further comprises a screening device, which is used to screen the crushed lead-zinc slag, specifically:

[0019] Selecting the screening equipment according to the particle size of the secondary crushed lead-zinc slag;

[0020] The secondary crushed lead-zinc slag is sent to the screening device via a conveyor belt;

[0021] Arrange a plurality of screens in the screening device according to screening requirements;

[0022] Vibrating or rotating through multiple screens to separate into different particle size grades;

[0023] Wherein, the particle size grades include coarse particles, medium particles and fine particles;

[0024] The screening equipment includes a vibrating screen, a drum screen and a high-frequency screen.

[0025] Preferably, the lead-zinc slag is sorted in the physical sorting unit, comprising:

[0026] Gravity separation: separation using the density difference between lead-zinc minerals and impurity minerals;

[0027] Magnetic separation: separation using the magnetic difference between lead-zinc minerals and iron-containing minerals;

[0028] Flotation: Separation using differences in the surface properties of lead and zinc minerals;

[0029] Electrostatic separation: separation of lead and zinc minerals using differences in electrical conductivity.

[0030] Preferably, leaching the lead-zinc slag in the chemical leaching unit comprises:

[0031] The lead-zinc slag is leached using an acidic solution / alkaline solution, specifically:

[0032] The crushed and screened lead-zinc slag is mixed with an acidic solution / alkaline solution to obtain an acidic mixed liquid / alkaline mixed liquid containing dissolved lead-zinc ions and insoluble impurities;

[0033] The acidic mixed liquid / alkaline mixed liquid is subjected to solid-liquid separation by filtering, settling and centrifuging to obtain a leachate and insoluble substances;

[0034] The acidic waste liquid / alkaline waste liquid obtained in the leaching process is neutralized by using alkaline substances / acidic substances.

[0035] Preferably, metal extraction is performed in the metal extraction unit, comprising:

[0036] The metal is extracted from the leaching solution by a combined electrolysis method, specifically:

[0037] Set the voltage, temperature and current density of the electrolyzer;

[0038] placing the leaching solution as an electrolyte in the electrolytic cell;

[0039] In the electrolytic cell, the voltage, temperature and current density are adjusted so that the zinc ions are reduced to metallic zinc at a lower potential;

[0040] After the zinc ions are reduced, the lead ions are reduced to metallic lead at a higher potential by adjusting the voltage, temperature and current density and further increasing the voltage;

[0041] After the electrolysis is completed, the deposited metals in the electrolyte are removed to separate pure metallic lead and metallic zinc.

[0042] Preferably, performing harmful substance detection in the waste treatment unit comprises:

[0043] Collecting a sample to be tested from the waste slag liquid;

[0044] A chemical analysis method is used to perform a first test on the sample to be tested and obtain a first test result; wherein the first test is used to detect heavy metals and inorganic ions in the waste slag liquid;

[0045] The sample to be tested is subjected to a second test by combining liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to obtain a second test result; wherein the second test is used to analyze the toxic organic substances in the waste slag liquid.

[0046] Preferably, pollutant treatment is performed in the waste treatment unit, comprising:

[0047] Identify pollutants generated during the recycling process to determine the types of pollutants;

[0048] Assess the nature and quantity of each pollutant;

[0049] Preliminary separation of pollutants into solid pollutants, liquid pollutants and gaseous pollutants;

[0050] Concentrating and stabilizing the pollutants; the stabilization process is used to convert harmful components in the pollutants into a form that is not easily soluble or volatile;

[0051] Different treatment technologies are used to treat solid pollutants, liquid pollutants and gaseous pollutants;

[0052] The treated pollutants are subjected to standard tests and if they meet environmental safety standards, they are discharged or recycled.

[0053] Preferably, the intelligent control unit comprises:

[0054] Data collection: various processing data in the recycling process are collected in real time through a variety of sensor devices;

[0055] Model building: Divide each processing data into historical data and real-time data, and use machine learning algorithms to build an intelligent recognition model for the recycling process;

[0056] Model recognition: identifying the component type and physical properties of the lead-zinc slag through the intelligent recognition model, and automatically generating the best recycling treatment plan;

[0057] Optimization feedback: According to the real-time changes of the lead-zinc slag during the recycling process, the various process parameters of the optimal recycling treatment solution are automatically adjusted through the feedback mechanism;

[0058] Analysis and evaluation: Obtain real-time data reports and analysis results, evaluate the effects of different recycling and treatment solutions by comparing and analyzing with historical data, and use the evaluation results as a reference strategy for subsequent solutions.

[0059] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a lead-zinc slag recovery and treatment method, using a lead-zinc slag recovery and treatment device as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0060] Pretreatment: crushing and screening the lead-zinc slag to remove impurities;

[0061] Physical separation: separating the lead-zinc slag according to the different physical properties of the lead-zinc minerals;

[0062] Chemical leaching: Leaching the lead-zinc slag with an acid solution or an alkaline solution, and removing insoluble substances in the leached liquid by solid-liquid separation to obtain a leachate containing lead and zinc;

[0063] Metal extraction: extracting metals from the leaching solution to obtain metallic lead, metallic zinc and waste slag liquid;

[0064] Waste treatment: testing the waste slag liquid for harmful substances and treating the waste according to the test results; also treating the pollutants generated during the recycling process;

[0065] Intelligent control: Obtain processing data throughout the entire recycling process, use artificial intelligence to optimize and analyze the recycling process, and automatically adjust the best recycling treatment plan according to different slag types.

[0066] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention significantly improves the recovery efficiency of lead-zinc slag treatment by comprehensively applying advanced physical separation, chemical leaching, metallurgical refining and waste treatment technologies, in conjunction with efficient automated control means, thereby achieving a more efficient recovery and treatment effect, reducing resource waste and environmental pollution, and achieving environmental protection and green production goals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] For better understanding and implementation, the technical solution of the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0068] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a lead-zinc slag recovery and treatment device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] Figure 2 A flowchart of the steps of extracting metals by combined electrolysis provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] Figure 3 A flowchart of the steps of hazardous substance detection and waste treatment provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0071] Figure 4 A flowchart of the steps of a lead-zinc slag recovery method provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] In order to further explain the technical means and effects taken by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, exemplary embodiments will be described in detail here, and examples thereof are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Instead, they are only examples of methods and systems consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the attached claims.

[0073] The terms used in this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The singular forms of "a", "said" and "the" used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates other meanings. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article refers to any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0074] The specific implementation methods, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0075] Example 1

[0076] See also Figure 1 The present application provides a lead-zinc slag recovery and processing device, comprising:

[0077] Pretreatment system: used to crush and screen lead-zinc slag to remove impurities;

[0078] Physical separation unit: used for separating the lead-zinc slag according to different physical properties of lead-zinc minerals;

[0079] Chemical leaching unit: used for leaching the lead-zinc slag with an acidic solution or an alkaline solution, and removing insoluble substances in the leached liquid by solid-liquid separation to obtain a leaching solution containing lead and zinc;

[0080] Metal extraction unit: used for extracting metals from the leaching solution to obtain metallic lead, metallic zinc and waste slag liquid;

[0081] Waste treatment unit: used to detect harmful substances in the waste slag liquid and treat the waste according to the test results; also used to treat pollutants generated during the recycling process;

[0082] Intelligent control unit: used to obtain processing data throughout the entire recycling process, and use artificial intelligence to optimize and analyze the recycling process, automatically adjusting the best recycling treatment plan according to different slag types.

[0083] Specifically, since the current traditional lead-zinc slag treatment methods have low recovery efficiency, serious waste of resources during the treatment process, and certain environmental pollution problems, the present application improves the treatment and recovery process of lead-zinc slag, and makes different improvements in physical sorting, chemical leaching, metal extraction, and waste treatment, so that each step is different from traditional means, thereby improving the overall recovery and treatment efficiency and quality; and the present application also adopts artificial intelligence technology, through optimizing and analyzing the recovery process, so that the optimal recovery and treatment plan can be automatically adjusted according to different slag types, thereby improving recovery efficiency and reducing energy consumption.

[0084] Therefore, overall, this application can significantly improve the recovery efficiency of lead-zinc slag treatment, reduce resource waste and achieve environmental protection and green production goals by comprehensively applying advanced physical sorting, chemical leaching, metallurgical refining and waste treatment technologies, combined with efficient automated control and resource utilization methods. These methods can effectively improve the metal recovery rate of lead-zinc slag, reduce environmental pollution, and achieve more efficient recycling and treatment effects.

[0085] A new and efficient recycling solution is urgently needed to solve these problems.

[0086] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the pretreatment system includes a crusher, and the crusher is used to crush the lead-zinc slag, specifically:

[0087] The lead-zinc slag is fed into a feed port of a jaw crusher by a loading device for primary crushing;

[0088] The lead-zinc slag enters the crushing chamber through the feed port and contacts the crushing plate or hammer of the jaw crusher, and is impacted, crushed and subjected to multiple forces;

[0089] The lead-zinc slag undergoes multiple crushing stages in the jaw crusher;

[0090] Discharging the primary crushed lead-zinc slag through the lower outlet of the jaw crusher;

[0091] The discharged primary crushed lead-zinc slag is sent to a cone crusher for secondary crushing, and during the secondary crushing process, the particle size of the primary crushed lead-zinc slag is controlled by adjusting the working parameters of the cone crusher, and the secondary crushed lead-zinc slag is output.

[0092] Specifically, the purpose of crushing in this embodiment is to crush the large pieces of material in the lead-zinc slag into smaller particles suitable for screening and subsequent processing and to remove the large impurities therein. This embodiment uses a jaw crusher for primary crushing, which is suitable for slag with greater hardness and can crush large pieces of slag into smaller particles; and also uses a cone crusher for secondary crushing, which is suitable for controlling the particle size of the slag, so as to further refine the slag. In the above-mentioned crushing process, the slag enters the crushing chamber through the feed port of the jaw crusher, and the ore contacts the crushing plate or hammer of the jaw crusher, and is subjected to multiple forces such as impact and crushing; then the slag undergoes multiple crushing stages in the jaw crusher, thereby gradually reducing the particle size; finally, the slag after primary crushing is discharged through the lower outlet of the jaw crusher to reach the specified particle size range. It can be understood that this embodiment performs crushing particle size control during the crushing process. By adjusting the working parameters of the cone crusher (such as the size of the discharge port, the rotation speed, etc.), the particle size of the crushed slag can be controlled. Usually, the particle size of the crushed slag is controlled between 10 and 100 mm to facilitate subsequent screening and sorting.

[0093] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the pretreatment system further includes a screening device, and the screening device is used to screen the crushed lead-zinc slag, specifically:

[0094] Selecting the screening equipment according to the particle size of the secondary crushed lead-zinc slag;

[0095] The secondary crushed lead-zinc slag is sent to the screening device via a conveyor belt;

[0096] Arrange a plurality of screens in the screening device according to screening requirements;

[0097] Vibrating or rotating through multiple screens to separate into different particle size grades;

[0098] Wherein, the particle size grades include coarse particles, medium particles and fine particles;

[0099] The screening equipment includes a vibrating screen, a drum screen and a high-frequency screen.

[0100] Specifically, the present embodiment uses screening equipment to classify the crushed slag according to the particle size, removes oversized or undersized particles, and ensures the uniformity of particle size in the subsequent processing. It can be understood that, according to the slag particle size and processing requirements, the screening equipment of the present embodiment includes: a vibrating screen: using vibration to classify the slag material through the screen, which is suitable for dry screening; a drum screen: grading the slag through a rotating screen, which is suitable for processing relatively moist or easily clogged slag; a high-frequency screen: suitable for screening fine-grained slag, especially effective in separating smaller particles and impurities. The present embodiment uses multiple screens for multi-stage screening to classify the slag into materials with different particle size ranges, and effectively removes large impurities and unqualified particles (such as oversized or undersized materials) in the slag during the screening process. These impurities may include unnecessary minerals, soil, stones, etc. The output of the classified products includes: coarse-grained slag can be sent to the next crushing or smelting process; fine-grained slag can be further sent to flotation, leaching or other extraction processes; removed impurities (such as large stones, soil, etc.) can be further processed or discarded as needed.

[0101] Therefore, in summary, the pretreatment system of the present application first undergoes preliminary crushing of the lead-zinc slag through the cooperation of the crusher and the screening equipment, and crushes the large pieces of slag into particles suitable for screening. Then, through the screening process, the crushed slag is graded according to the particle size and impurities are removed to ensure the uniformity and purity of the material during subsequent processing. This process not only effectively improves the slag processing efficiency, but also provides a good material basis for subsequent extraction and sorting.

[0102] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the lead-zinc slag is sorted in the physical sorting unit, comprising:

[0103] Gravity separation: Use the density difference between lead-zinc minerals and impurity minerals for separation, specifically:

[0104] The crushed and screened lead-zinc slag is fed into the gravity separation equipment;

[0105] The lead-zinc slag is layered according to density by means of vibration, rotation or water washing;

[0106] Collect minerals in different density layers to obtain lead-zinc minerals and impurity minerals;

[0107] Magnetic separation: Separation is carried out by using the magnetic difference between lead-zinc minerals and iron-containing minerals, specifically:

[0108] The crushed and screened lead-zinc slag is fed into a magnetic separator;

[0109] Under the action of the magnetic field, magnetic iron-containing minerals are adsorbed by the magnetic separator, while non-magnetic lead and zinc minerals flow out with the waste;

[0110] The magnetic separation effect can be optimized by adjusting the magnetic field strength and operating conditions.

[0111] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the lead-zinc slag is sorted in the physical sorting unit, further comprising:

[0112] Flotation: Separation by using the differences in the surface properties of lead and zinc minerals, specifically:

[0113] Add crushed and screened lead-zinc slag and appropriate amount of flotation reagent into the flotation tank;

[0114] During the stirring and bubble injection process, the lead-zinc minerals are selectively attached to the bubbles, float to the upper part of the flotation tank and form a foam layer;

[0115] The froth layer is collected by a scraper device to separate the lead and zinc minerals;

[0116] Discharge the waste residue from the bottom of the flotation tank;

[0117] Electrostatic separation: Use the difference in electrical conductivity of lead and zinc minerals for separation, specifically:

[0118] The crushed and screened lead-zinc slag is fed into the electrostatic separator;

[0119] Under the action of an electric field, different minerals generate different electromotive forces due to their electrical differences;

[0120] The minerals are layered according to the force of the electric field, and different minerals are separated into different collection areas to separate lead and zinc minerals.

[0121] Specifically, the physical separation unit of this embodiment separates the lead-zinc slag according to the different physical properties of the lead-zinc minerals (such as density, magnetism, shape, etc.), mainly to improve the recovery rate of the lead-zinc minerals and remove impurities. Specifically including: gravity separation, magnetic separation, flotation and electrostatic separation. It should be noted that the above-mentioned impurity minerals include quartz, feldspar, etc.; in the above-mentioned flotation, the differences in the surface properties of the minerals include hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, which are adjusted by adding flotation agents (such as collectors, frothers, etc.) to separate the lead-zinc minerals from impurities. During the flotation process, mineral particles and bubbles combine to form foam, which takes away the target minerals to achieve the separation effect; while in the electrostatic separation, the minerals show different movement characteristics under the action of the electric field according to their different electrical conductivity, thereby achieving separation.

[0122] In general, the physical separation unit separates the lead-zinc slag according to the physical properties of the lead-zinc minerals (such as density, magnetism, electrical properties, etc.) through gravity separation, magnetic separation, flotation separation, and electrostatic separation, thereby improving the recovery rate of the minerals, removing impurities, and providing purer mineral raw materials for subsequent smelting and extraction processes. Since each separation method has its applicable conditions, this embodiment combines a variety of physical separation technologies according to the specific characteristics of the slag to achieve the separation of lead-zinc minerals, thereby improving the separation effect and accuracy.

[0123] In one embodiment provided in the present application, leaching the lead-zinc slag in the chemical leaching unit includes:

[0124] The lead-zinc slag is leached using an acidic solution, specifically:

[0125] The crushed and screened lead-zinc slag is mixed with an acidic solution to obtain an acidic mixed liquid containing dissolved lead-zinc ions and insoluble impurities;

[0126] Performing solid-liquid separation on the acidic mixed liquid by filtering, settling and centrifuging to obtain a leachate and insoluble matter;

[0127] Using alkaline substances to neutralize the acidic waste liquid obtained during the leaching process;

[0128] The lead-zinc slag is leached using an alkaline solution, specifically:

[0129] The crushed and screened lead-zinc slag is mixed with an alkaline solution to obtain an alkaline mixed liquid containing dissolved lead-zinc ions and insoluble impurities;

[0130] The alkaline mixed liquid is subjected to solid-liquid separation by filtering, settling and centrifuging to obtain a leachate and insoluble substances;

[0131] The alkaline waste liquid obtained during the leaching process is neutralized using acidic substances.

[0132] Specifically, the chemical leaching unit of this embodiment dissolves the lead and zinc elements in the lead-zinc slag by an acidic or alkaline solution, and removes insoluble substances to obtain a leachate containing lead and zinc. Its main steps include slag pretreatment, selection of a suitable leaching solution, leaching reaction, solid-liquid separation, post-treatment of the leachate, and treatment of waste liquid and waste residue. This process requires strict control of the reaction conditions and proper treatment of the waste liquid and waste residue to ensure resource recovery while reducing environmental pollution. This embodiment optimizes the leaching efficiency and maximizes the dissolution of lead and zinc by adjusting the concentration, temperature, leaching time and other conditions of the acid or alkaline solution; it also monitors the various parameters of the leaching reaction in real time through an intelligent control unit to ensure that the reaction process is stable and efficient. And the continuous operation of the process is achieved through automated equipment. And because the acid or alkaline solution used in the leaching process usually generates waste liquid after the reaction, this embodiment neutralizes the waste liquid according to the properties of the leaching solution to reduce environmental pollution.

[0133] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment provided in the present application, metal extraction is performed in the metal extraction unit, including: extracting metal from the leaching solution using a combined electrolysis method, specifically:

[0134] Set the voltage, temperature and current density of the electrolyzer;

[0135] placing the leaching solution as an electrolyte in the electrolytic cell;

[0136] In the electrolytic cell, the voltage, temperature and current density are adjusted so that the zinc ions are reduced to metallic zinc at a lower potential;

[0137] After the zinc ions are reduced, the lead ions are reduced to metallic lead at a higher potential by adjusting the voltage, temperature and current density and further increasing the voltage;

[0138] After the electrolysis is completed, the deposited metals in the electrolyte are removed to separate pure metallic lead and metallic zinc.

[0139] Specifically, this embodiment uses electrolysis to extract metallic lead and metallic zinc. Since the reduction potential of zinc ions is low, they will be reduced at a lower voltage, while lead ions will be reduced at a higher voltage. It should be noted that the above lower and higher voltages are only relative to the voltage level during the electrolysis process, and the specific voltage setting is determined according to the actual electrolysis process. This embodiment extracts in the same process through the above electrolysis method to ensure that the two can be effectively separated without interfering with each other, thereby efficiently realizing metal recovery and reducing environmental impact.

[0140] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment provided in the present application, hazardous substance detection and waste treatment are performed in the waste treatment unit, including:

[0141] Conduct harmful substance testing, specifically:

[0142] Collecting a sample to be tested from the waste slag liquid;

[0143] A chemical analysis method is used to perform a first test on the sample to be tested and obtain a first test result; wherein the first test is used to detect heavy metals and inorganic ions in the waste slag liquid;

[0144] Combining liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to perform a second test on the sample to be tested and obtain a second test result; wherein the second test is used to analyze the toxic organic substances in the waste slag liquid;

[0145] Carry out waste treatment, specifically:

[0146] A comprehensive analysis is performed on the first test result and the second test result. If the test result shows that the concentration of harmful substances in the waste slag liquid is low and meets the environmental standards, the waste slag liquid is discharged or recycled again after it meets the discharge or recycling standards; if the test result shows that the concentration of harmful substances in the waste slag liquid is high and does not meet the environmental standards, the waste slag liquid is deeply neutralized, precipitated, adsorbed and reduced / oxidized until the waste slag liquid meets the discharge or recycling standards.

[0147] Specifically, the waste treatment unit of this embodiment can identify the dangerous components in the waste slag liquid through harmful substance detection and select appropriate treatment methods based on the detection results, including physical, chemical treatment and resource recovery methods, ultimately ensuring that the waste slag liquid can be safely disposed of or recycled, thereby achieving the goals of environmental protection and resource recycling.

[0148] In one embodiment provided in the present application, pollutant treatment is performed in the waste treatment unit, including:

[0149] Identify pollutants generated during the recycling process to determine the types of pollutants;

[0150] Assess the nature and quantity of each pollutant;

[0151] Preliminary separation of pollutants into solid pollutants, liquid pollutants and gaseous pollutants;

[0152] Concentrating and stabilizing the pollutants; the stabilization process is used to convert harmful components in the pollutants into a form that is not easily soluble or volatile;

[0153] Different treatment technologies are used to treat solid pollutants, liquid pollutants and gaseous pollutants, specifically:

[0154] Treating the solid pollutants by physical separation or screening;

[0155] removing harmful substances from the liquid pollutants by using precipitation, adsorption, reverse osmosis and ion exchange;

[0156] The gaseous pollutants are treated by activated carbon adsorption, catalytic oxidation, wet scrubbing and condensation technologies to remove toxic and harmful gases;

[0157] The treated pollutants are subjected to standard tests and if they meet environmental safety standards, they are discharged or recycled.

[0158] Specifically, the waste treatment unit of this embodiment processes pollutants generated during the recycling process, which not only involves identification, classification, and separation of pollutants, but also includes concentration, stabilization, recycling, and harmless treatment. Its core goal is to minimize the pollution to the environment during the recycling process and ensure that all waste is properly disposed of or recycled, thereby achieving a balance between environmental protection and resource recycling.

[0159] In one embodiment provided in the present application, the intelligent control unit includes:

[0160] Data collection: various processing data in the recycling process are collected in real time through a variety of sensor devices;

[0161] Model building: Divide each processing data into historical data and real-time data, and use machine learning algorithms to build an intelligent recognition model for the recycling process;

[0162] Model recognition: identifying the component type and physical properties of the lead-zinc slag through the intelligent recognition model, and automatically generating the best recycling treatment plan;

[0163] Optimization feedback: According to the real-time changes of the lead-zinc slag during the recycling process, the various process parameters of the optimal recycling treatment solution are automatically adjusted through the feedback mechanism;

[0164] Analysis and evaluation: Obtain real-time data reports and analysis results, evaluate the effects of different recycling and treatment solutions by comparing and analyzing with historical data, and use the evaluation results as a reference strategy for subsequent solutions;

[0165] Among them, the processing data include the composition, temperature, humidity, particle size, flow rate and pressure of the lead-zinc slag.

[0166] Specifically, the intelligent control unit of this embodiment can realize the intelligence and automation of the recycling process by integrating data collection, artificial intelligence optimization analysis, slag type identification, automatic process adjustment and other technologies. It can automatically adjust the best recycling plan according to the types and characteristics of different slags, thereby improving resource recovery efficiency, reducing environmental impact, saving energy, and achieving the best recycling treatment effect through continuous optimization and learning.

[0167] Example 2

[0168] See also Figure 4 The present application provides a lead-zinc slag recovery and treatment method, using the lead-zinc slag recovery and treatment device as described above, including the following steps:

[0169] Pretreatment: crushing and screening the lead-zinc slag to remove impurities;

[0170] Physical separation: separating the lead-zinc slag according to the different physical properties of the lead-zinc minerals;

[0171] Chemical leaching: Leaching the lead-zinc slag with an acid solution or an alkaline solution, and removing insoluble substances in the leached liquid by solid-liquid separation to obtain a leachate containing lead and zinc;

[0172] Metal extraction: extracting metals from the leaching solution to obtain metallic lead, metallic zinc and waste slag liquid;

[0173] Waste treatment: testing the waste slag liquid for harmful substances and treating the waste according to the test results; also treating the pollutants generated during the recycling process;

[0174] Intelligent control: Obtain processing data throughout the entire recycling process, use artificial intelligence to optimize and analyze the recycling process, and automatically adjust the optimal recycling treatment plan according to different slag types.

[0175] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0176] The technicians in the relevant field can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example for illustration. In practical applications, the above-mentioned function allocation can be completed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiment can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above-mentioned system can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0177] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0178] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lead-zinc slag recovery and processing device, characterized in that: include: Pretreatment system: used to crush and screen lead-zinc slag to remove impurities; Physical separation unit: used for separating the lead-zinc slag according to different physical properties of lead-zinc minerals; Chemical leaching unit: used for leaching the lead-zinc slag with an acidic solution or an alkaline solution, and removing insoluble substances in the leached liquid by solid-liquid separation to obtain a leaching solution containing lead and zinc; Metal extraction unit: used for extracting metals from the leaching solution to obtain metallic lead, metallic zinc and waste slag liquid; Waste treatment unit: used to detect harmful substances in the waste slag liquid and perform waste treatment according to the detection results; It is also used to treat pollutants generated during the recycling process; Intelligent control unit: used to obtain processing data throughout the entire recycling process, and use artificial intelligence to optimize and analyze the recycling process, automatically adjusting the best recycling treatment plan according to different slag types.

2. A lead-zinc slag recovery and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreatment system includes a crusher, which is used to crush the lead-zinc slag, specifically: The lead-zinc slag is fed into a feed port of a jaw crusher by a loading device for primary crushing; The lead-zinc slag enters the crushing chamber through the feed port and contacts the crushing plate or hammer of the jaw crusher, and is impacted, crushed and subjected to multiple forces; The lead-zinc slag undergoes multiple crushing stages in the jaw crusher; Discharging the primary crushed lead-zinc slag through the lower outlet of the jaw crusher; The discharged primary crushed lead-zinc slag is sent to a cone crusher for secondary crushing, and during the secondary crushing process, the particle size of the primary crushed lead-zinc slag is controlled by adjusting the working parameters of the cone crusher, and the secondary crushed lead-zinc slag is output.

3. A lead-zinc slag recovery and treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pretreatment system also includes a screening device, which is used to screen the crushed lead-zinc slag, specifically: Selecting the screening equipment according to the particle size of the secondary crushed lead-zinc slag; The secondary crushed lead-zinc slag is sent to the screening device via a conveyor belt; Arrange a plurality of screens in the screening device according to screening requirements; Vibrating or rotating through multiple screens to separate into different particle size grades; Wherein, the particle size grades include coarse particles, medium particles and fine particles; The screening equipment includes a vibrating screen, a drum screen and a high-frequency screen.

4. A lead-zinc slag recovery and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lead-zinc slag is sorted in the physical sorting unit, comprising: Gravity separation: separation using the density difference between lead-zinc minerals and impurity minerals; Magnetic separation: separation using the magnetic difference between lead-zinc minerals and iron-containing minerals; Flotation: Separation using differences in the surface properties of lead and zinc minerals; Electrostatic separation: separation of lead and zinc minerals using differences in electrical conductivity.

5. The lead-zinc slag recovery and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Leaching the lead-zinc slag in the chemical leaching unit comprises: The lead-zinc slag is leached using an acidic solution / alkaline solution, specifically: The crushed and screened lead-zinc slag is mixed with an acidic solution / alkaline solution to obtain an acidic mixed liquid / alkaline mixed liquid containing dissolved lead-zinc ions and insoluble impurities; The acidic mixed liquid / alkaline mixed liquid is subjected to solid-liquid separation by filtering, settling and centrifuging to obtain a leachate and insoluble substances; The acidic waste liquid / alkaline waste liquid obtained in the leaching process is neutralized by using alkaline substances / acidic substances.

6. A lead-zinc slag recovery and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal extraction is carried out in the metal extraction unit, comprising: The metal is extracted from the leaching solution by a combined electrolysis method, specifically: Set the voltage, temperature and current density of the electrolyzer; placing the leaching solution as an electrolyte in the electrolytic cell; In the electrolytic cell, the voltage, temperature and current density are adjusted so that the zinc ions are reduced to metallic zinc at a lower potential; After the zinc ions are reduced, the lead ions are reduced to metallic lead at a higher potential by adjusting the voltage, temperature and current density and further increasing the voltage; After the electrolysis is completed, the deposited metals in the electrolyte are removed to separate pure metallic lead and metallic zinc.

7. The lead-zinc slag recovery and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Conducting hazardous material testing in the waste treatment unit, including: Collecting a sample to be tested from the waste slag liquid; A chemical analysis method is used to perform a first test on the sample to be tested and obtain a first test result; wherein the first test is used to detect heavy metals and inorganic ions in the waste slag liquid; The sample to be tested is subjected to a second test by combining liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to obtain a second test result; wherein the second test is used to analyze the toxic organic substances in the waste slag liquid.

8. The lead-zinc slag recovery and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pollutant treatment is carried out in the waste treatment unit, including: Identify pollutants generated during the recycling process to determine the types of pollutants; Assess the nature and quantity of each pollutant; Preliminary separation of pollutants into solid pollutants, liquid pollutants and gaseous pollutants; Concentrating and stabilizing the pollutants; the stabilization process is used to convert harmful components in the pollutants into a form that is not easily soluble or volatile; Different treatment technologies are used to treat solid pollutants, liquid pollutants and gaseous pollutants; The treated pollutants are subjected to standard tests and if they meet environmental safety standards, they are discharged or recycled.

9. The lead-zinc slag recovery and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control unit comprises: Data collection: various processing data in the recycling process are collected in real time through a variety of sensor devices; Model building: Divide each processing data into historical data and real-time data, and use machine learning algorithms to build an intelligent recognition model for the recycling process; Model recognition: identifying the component type and physical properties of the lead-zinc slag through the intelligent recognition model, and automatically generating the best recycling treatment plan; Optimization feedback: According to the real-time changes of the lead-zinc slag during the recycling process, the various process parameters of the optimal recycling treatment solution are automatically adjusted through the feedback mechanism; Analysis and evaluation: Obtain real-time data reports and analysis results, evaluate the effects of different recycling and treatment solutions by comparing and analyzing with historical data, and use the evaluation results as a reference strategy for subsequent solutions.

10. A lead-zinc slag recovery method, using a lead-zinc slag recovery device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Pretreatment: crushing and screening the lead-zinc slag to remove impurities; Physical separation: separating the lead-zinc slag according to the different physical properties of the lead-zinc minerals; Chemical leaching: Leaching the lead-zinc slag with an acid solution or an alkaline solution, and removing insoluble substances in the leached liquid by solid-liquid separation to obtain a leachate containing lead and zinc; Metal extraction: extracting metals from the leaching solution to obtain metallic lead, metallic zinc and waste slag liquid; Waste treatment: testing the waste slag liquid for harmful substances and performing waste treatment according to the test results; It also treats pollutants generated during the recycling process; Intelligent control: Obtain processing data throughout the entire recycling process, use artificial intelligence to optimize and analyze the recycling process, and automatically adjust the best recycling treatment plan according to different slag types.

Images