Fuel distributor and fuel distribution method

Abstract

The application discloses a fuel distributor and a fuel distribution method, and solves the problem that the fuel distributor in the prior art cannot meet the requirements of engine step-by-step fuel supply and is prone to leakage. The fuel distributor comprises a valve body, a valve core assembly is arranged in the valve body, and a pre-fuel path and a main fuel path are formed in the valve body; the valve core assembly comprises a pre-fuel valve core assembly, a main fuel valve core assembly and an oil discharge valve core assembly, a first channel corresponding to the main fuel path and the main fuel valve core assembly is formed in the pre-fuel valve core assembly, a second channel corresponding to the pre-fuel path and the pre-fuel valve core assembly is formed in the valve body, and the oil discharge valve core assembly corresponds to an oil discharge port of the valve body. The fuel distributor can meet the requirements of high opening pressure, step-by-step opening, small flow resistance, multiple pressure differences, small leakage and the like, the service life of the distributor and the engine is prolonged, the working efficiency is improved, fuel waste is reduced, and environmental pollution caused by insufficient combustion is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of turboshaft engine accessory technology, and in particular to a fuel distributor. Background Technology

[0002] A fuel distributor provides fuel flow to the engine under different operating conditions. When the engine is starting or idling, only a small amount of fuel is needed. Providing too much fuel at this time not only leads to rich combustion but also causes environmental pollution due to incomplete combustion. During engine acceleration and high thrust, more fuel is generally required to meet operational demands. Traditional fuel distributor valve structures primarily use a spool valve with a sealed connection. Due to the unavoidable gap between the spool valve core and the valve sleeve, fuel leakage occurs, especially at high temperatures; for example, a turboshaft engine fuel distributor disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN204729204U. Furthermore, traditional fuel distributors cannot achieve both high opening pressure and staged opening, failing to meet the engine's staged fuel supply requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings in the aforementioned background technology, this invention proposes a fuel distributor and a fuel distribution method, which solves the problems of existing fuel distributors being unable to meet the requirements of graded fuel supply to the engine and being prone to leakage.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: A fuel distributor includes a valve body, wherein a valve core assembly is provided in the valve body, and a pre-fuel passage and a main fuel passage are provided on the valve body; the valve core assembly includes a pre-fuel valve core assembly, a main fuel valve core assembly and a drain valve core assembly, wherein a first channel corresponding to the main fuel passage and the main fuel valve core assembly is provided on the pre-fuel passage and the pre-fuel valve core assembly, and a second channel corresponding to the pre-fuel passage and the pre-fuel valve core assembly is provided on the valve body; the drain valve core assembly corresponds to the drain port of the valve body.

[0005] When pre-combustion is in progress, the pre-combustion valve core assembly opens, and the second channel connects the valve body oil inlet with the pre-combustion fuel circuit. At this time, the main combustion valve core assembly and the exhaust valve core assembly close.

[0006] When the main combustion is in operation, the pre-combustion valve core assembly opens, and the second channel connects the valve body inlet to the pre-fuel circuit; when the main combustion valve core assembly opens, the first channel connects the valve body inlet to the main fuel circuit, and the exhaust valve core assembly closes.

[0007] When performing oil draining operations, the pre-combustion valve core assembly and the main combustion valve core assembly are closed, while the drain valve core assembly is opened, and the oil in the valve body flows out through the drain port of the valve body.

[0008] Further preferably, the valve core assembly and the oil inlet and outlet of the valve body are located on the same axis; the oil inlet of the valve body is connected to an oil inlet connector, and the oil outlet is connected to an oil outlet connector; a conversion connector is provided on the pre-fuel line, and a main fuel pipe connector is provided on the main fuel line; throttling orifice plates are provided at the outlet of the pre-fuel line and the outlet of the main fuel line; the second channel is a stepped hole, with the small diameter inlet end of the stepped hole facing the pre-fuel valve core assembly, and the large diameter outlet end of the stepped hole connected to the pre-fuel line.

[0009] Further preferably, the pre-combustion valve core assembly includes a large valve core, a stepped cavity is formed inside the large valve core, a main combustion valve core assembly is provided in the small diameter cavity of the stepped cavity, a valve sleeve is provided in the large diameter cavity of the stepped cavity, and the oil discharge valve core assembly is limited in the valve sleeve and matched with the oil outlet connector; the large valve core has a circulation channel and an inclined first channel, the first channel is a stepped hole, the small diameter inlet end of the stepped hole is connected to the small diameter cavity of the stepped cavity, and the large diameter outlet end of the stepped hole is connected to the circulation channel.

[0010] Further preferably, the large valve core has a first vulcanized rubber ring on its end face facing the oil inlet connector, and an oil drain channel is provided axially on the outer wall of the large valve core, which is connected to the circulation channel; a first sealing element is provided between the large valve core and the valve body; and a second sealing element is provided between the valve sleeve and the large valve core.

[0011] In a further preferred embodiment, the main combustion valve core assembly includes a small valve core, and the valve sleeve has an inwardly recessed retaining ring at one end facing the small valve core. A first spring is provided between the retaining ring and the small valve core, and a third sealing element is provided between the small valve core and the large valve core.

[0012] In a further preferred embodiment, the small valve core has an axial hole at one end facing the oil inlet connector, and the bottom of the retaining ring has a small hole, with the retaining ring and the valve sleeve fixedly and sealed together.

[0013] In a further preferred embodiment, the drain valve core assembly includes a drain valve core, a second spring is provided between the drain valve core and the retaining ring, the second spring is located inside the valve sleeve; a fourth sealing element is provided between the drain valve core and the valve sleeve.

[0014] In a further preferred embodiment, the drain valve core is a convex-shaped valve core, which is limited within the valve sleeve by a baffle. The small-diameter end of the drain valve core extends out of the baffle, and a third spring is provided between the baffle and the oil outlet connector. The third spring is sleeved on the drain valve core.

[0015] In a further preferred embodiment, the oil drain valve core is provided with a second vulcanized rubber ring on the end face facing the oil outlet connector, and a three-step through hole is provided axially inside the oil drain valve core, with the smallest diameter hole facing the oil outlet connector and the largest diameter hole facing the retaining ring; the baffle is fixed to the end of the valve sleeve by fastening screws.

[0016] A fuel distribution method for the aforementioned fuel distributor, wherein when the pressure of the medium entering the fuel inlet reaches the pre-combustion opening pressure, the pre-combustion valve core assembly begins to move. At this time, the large valve core moves towards the fuel outlet, and when the second channel connects to the fuel inlet of the valve body, the pre-fuel circuit opens; simultaneously, the drain valve core assembly contacts the fuel outlet, closing the drain port, and the pre-fuel circuit begins to supply fuel; when the medium pressure continues to rise to the main combustion opening pressure, the main combustion valve core assembly begins to move. At this time, the small valve core moves towards the fuel outlet, and when the first channel connects to the fuel inlet of the valve body, the main fuel circuit opens, and the main fuel circuit and the pre-fuel circuit supply fuel simultaneously; when the medium pressure drops to a certain value, the main combustion valve core assembly and the pre-combustion valve core assembly reset sequentially, and the small valve core and the large valve core move sequentially towards the fuel inlet, closing the inlets of the main fuel circuit and the pre-fuel circuit, stopping fuel supply; at this time, the drain valve core of the drain valve core assembly disengages from the fuel outlet, the drain port opens, and fuel from the fuel main and the valve is discharged through the drain port.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The fuel distributor of this invention is a high-opening-pressure, low-flow-resistance, equal-pressure-differential fuel distributor. A small valve core is fitted inside the central cavity of a large valve core, with a corresponding spring inside. The spring is completely isolated from the inlet and outlet pressure chambers, so the spring is not affected by the opening and closing of the valve. Different opening pressures can be set according to the engine's fuel supply requirements and the fuel pump's capacity, thus forming a staged opening function with the pre-combustion valve to meet the engine's staged fuel supply needs. Furthermore, to ensure that the drain port closes simultaneously with the opening of the large valve core, the first spring after the small valve core is designed with very low stiffness. The area of ​​pressure on the pre-combustion valve before opening is small, while the area of ​​pressure on the pre-combustion valve after opening is large. This ensures good sealing of the fuel distributor before the pre-combustion fuel line opens, smooth fuel discharge from the drain port, and rapid full opening and rapid closure of the drain port after opening. Because the back pressure chamber of the main combustion valve is isolated from the main combustion outlet, the flow resistance after the main combustion valve opens is also very small and is not affected by the opening pressure. The above-mentioned low-flow-resistance structural design further improves the performance and service life of the distributor.

[0018] Both the pre-combustion valve core and the main combustion valve core of this fuel distributor employ vulcanized rubber sealing valves, a multi-channel structure with multiple seals, and a combined sealing structure, among other reliable sealing methods. This ensures zero fuel leakage within the operating temperature range (-55℃~120℃), preventing engine ignition failure or injector carbonization caused by leakage. By installing orifice plates at both the pre-combustion valve outlet and the main combustion valve outlet, equal pressure differential control can be achieved for both pathways, improving control accuracy.

[0019] This fuel distributor achieves the requirements of high opening pressure, staged opening, low flow resistance, equal pressure difference across multiple channels, and minimal leakage. This extends the service life of the distributor and engine, improves working efficiency, and reduces fuel waste and environmental pollution caused by incomplete combustion. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fuel distributor of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the valve core assembly of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the large valve core structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another form of fuel distributor in Example 2;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the fuel distributor in Example 2.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Fuel outlet connector, 2. Main fuel line connector, 3. Screw, 4. Valve core assembly, 41. Pre-combustion valve core assembly, 4101. Large valve core, 4102. Valve sleeve, 4103. First vulcanized rubber ring, 4104. First seal, 4105. Second seal, 42. Main combustion valve core assembly, 4201. Small valve core, 4202. Retaining ring, 4203. First spring, 4204. Third seal, 4205. Axial hole, 43. Exhaust valve core assembly. 01. Drain valve core; 4302. Second spring; 4303. Fourth seal; 4304. Baffle; 4305. Third spring; 4306. Second vulcanized rubber ring; 4307. Fastening screw; 5. Valve body; 6. Inlet connector; 7. Seal; 8. Adapter connector; 9. Bolt; 10. Sleeve; 11. Pre-fuel line; 12. Main fuel line; 17. First channel; 18. Second channel; 19. Circulation channel; 20. Drain slit channel; 21. Protective cap. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1, such as Figure 1 As shown, a fuel distributor includes a valve body 5, within which a valve core assembly 4 is provided. The valve core assembly adopts a two-stage opening structure, enabling both high opening pressure and staged opening. The valve body 5 has a pre-fuel passage 11 and a main fuel passage 12. The valve core assembly 4, in conjunction with the valve body, controls the opening and closing of the pre-fuel passage or both the pre-fuel passage and the main fuel passage, thus rationally distributing fuel. This fuel distributor divides the main fuel supply into two opening states—pre-fuel passage and main fuel passage—based on different opening pressures. After its operation, it returns any remaining fuel in the fuel main to the fuel tank or distributor, preventing carbon buildup on the engine nozzles. The structure of this fuel distributor fully meets the operational requirements of the engine.

[0029] In this embodiment, the valve core assembly 4 includes a pre-combustion valve core assembly 41, a main combustion valve core assembly 42, and a fuel drain valve core assembly 43. The pre-combustion valve core assembly 41 has a first channel 17 corresponding to the main fuel line and the main combustion valve core assembly 42, and the valve body 5 has a second channel 18 corresponding to the pre-combustion fuel line and the pre-combustion valve core assembly 41. The fuel drain valve core assembly 43 corresponds to the fuel drain port of the valve body 5. The pre-combustion valve core assembly 41 controls the opening and closing of the pre-combustion fuel line, the main combustion valve core assembly 42 controls the opening and closing of the main fuel line, and the fuel drain valve core assembly 43 controls the opening and closing of the fuel drain port. The three work together to distribute and control the fuel to the engine pre-combustion injector and the main fuel injector according to the fuel pressure, and discharge the residual fuel and fuel vapor in the distributor chamber when the engine starts and stops.

[0030] Specifically, when pre-combustion is performed, the pre-combustion valve core assembly 41 is opened, and the second channel 18 connects the oil inlet of the valve body 5 with the pre-combustion fuel circuit. At this time, the oil entering from the oil inlet of the valve body 5 enters the pre-combustion fuel circuit through the second channel; the main combustion valve core assembly 42 and the exhaust valve core assembly 43 are both closed, and the engine performs pre-combustion.

[0031] During main combustion operation, the pre-combustion valve core assembly 41 opens, and the second channel 18 connects the oil inlet of valve body 5 with the pre-combustion fuel circuit; the main combustion valve core assembly 42 opens, and the first channel 17 connects the oil inlet of valve body 5 with the main combustion fuel circuit, while the drain valve core assembly 43 closes; the pre-combustion and main combustion fuel circuits operate simultaneously, and the engine performs main combustion operation. When the engine stops and draining is required, the pre-combustion valve core assembly 41 and the main combustion valve core assembly 42 close, the drain valve core assembly 43 opens, and the fuel in the valve body flows out through the drain port of valve body 5.

[0032] Example 2, as Figure 4 , 5As shown, a fuel distributor, based on embodiment 1, has its valve core assembly 4 and the inlet and outlet of the valve body 5 located on the same axis, reducing flow resistance and thus reducing leakage. In this embodiment, the inlet of the valve body 5 is connected to an inlet connector 6, and the outlet is connected to an outlet connector 1; both the inlet and outlet connectors are equipped with protective caps 21; the inlet and outlet connectors are respectively connected to the valve body by screws 3, and both are provided with sealing elements 7 to ensure overall sealing. In this embodiment, a conversion connector 8 is provided on the pre-fuel line, and the conversion connector is connected to a sleeve 10 by bolts 9, with the sleeve 10 connected to the corresponding pre-fuel pipe. A main fuel pipe connector 2 is provided on the main fuel line; it should be noted that one or more main fuel lines can be provided; this embodiment uses three as an example, with three corresponding main fuel pipe connectors, three first channels 17, one pre-fuel line, one corresponding conversion connector 8, and one second channel 18. The second channel 18 is a stepped orifice, which uses two steps. The small-diameter inlet end of the stepped orifice faces the pre-combustion valve core assembly 41, and the large-diameter outlet end of the stepped orifice is connected to the pre-fuel circuit. A throttling orifice plate can be installed at the outlet of the pre-fuel circuit to adjust the outlet pressure of the pre-fuel circuit in conjunction with the stepped orifice, so as to ensure that the pressure difference between the two circuits is basically equal (the difference is not greater than 0.05MPa). In addition, the spring chambers of the pre-combustion valve core assembly and the main combustion valve core assembly are isolated from the outlet, thereby realizing equal pressure difference control between the two circuits and improving control accuracy.

[0033] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the pre-combustion valve core assembly 41 in this embodiment includes a large valve core 4101, which is located in the cavity of the valve body. The large valve core 4101 has a stepped cavity, which consists of two steps. The main combustion valve core assembly 42 is located in the smaller diameter cavity of the stepped cavity, forming a two-stage opening structure with the pre-combustion valve core assembly. A valve sleeve 4102 is located in the larger diameter cavity of the stepped cavity, and the valve sleeve can move relative to the large valve core. The drain valve core assembly 43 is confined within the valve sleeve 4102 and matches the drain connector 1. The drain valve core assembly 43 seals with the drain connector 1 to close the drain port; the drain valve core assembly 43 disengages from the drain connector 1 to open the drain port. The large valve core 4101 has a circulating channel 19 and an inclined first channel 17. The circulating channel has an annular groove, and the outlet ends of the three first channels are all connected to the circulating channel for fuel flow into the main fuel circuit. In this embodiment, the first channel 17 is a stepped orifice, which is a two-step orifice. The small-diameter inlet end of the stepped orifice is connected to the small-diameter cavity of the stepped chamber, and the large-diameter outlet end of the stepped orifice is connected to the circulation channel 19. A throttling orifice plate can be installed at the main fuel line outlet to adjust the main fuel line outlet pressure and ensure that the pressure difference between the two lines is basically equal (the difference is not greater than 0.05 MPa).

[0034] In this embodiment, a first vulcanized rubber ring 4103 is provided on the end face of the large valve core 4101 facing the oil inlet connector 6; an oil drain channel 20 is provided axially on the outer wall of the large valve core 4101, and the oil drain channel 20 is connected to the circulation channel 19; when the engine stops, excess oil in the valve flows to the oil drain port through the oil drain channel 20 for oil discharge. A first sealing element 4104 is provided between the large valve core 4101 and the valve body 5. The first sealing element 4104 can adopt a sealing ring plus sealing ring structure to improve the sealing performance; a second sealing element 4105 is provided between the valve sleeve 4102 and the large valve core 4101; similarly, the second sealing element can also adopt a sealing ring plus sealing ring structure to improve the sealing performance.

[0035] In this embodiment, the main combustion valve core assembly 42 includes a small valve core 4201, which is fitted inside a large valve core. The valve sleeve 4102 has an inwardly recessed retaining ring 4202 at one end facing the small valve core 4201. A first spring 4203 is provided between the retaining ring 4202 and the small valve core 4201, and the first spring 4203 is completely isolated from the inlet and outlet pressure chambers. A third sealing element 4204 is provided between the small valve core 4201 and the large valve core 4101. This third sealing element can be a sealing ring, ensuring both sealing performance and valve core movement. The small valve core 4201 has an axial hole 4205 at one end facing the oil inlet connector 6 to buffer the impact and fluctuation of oil entering the valve core through the oil inlet. The bottom of the retaining ring 4202 has a small hole designed to allow excess oil to flow to the drain port. The retaining ring 4202 is fixedly and sealed to the valve sleeve 4102. This ensures that the first spring and the second spring are completely isolated from the inlet and outlet pressure chambers. Therefore, the first spring and the second spring are not affected by the opening and closing of the valve, and the inside of the valve is not affected by the pressure. The opening pressure is only related to the spring force and the friction of the valve. The magnitude of the spring force is designed according to the opening pressure. Therefore, different opening pressures can be set according to the fuel supply requirements of the engine and the capacity of the fuel pump. The opening pressure of the valve can be set to be very high or very low, and a very high opening pressure can be achieved, thereby forming a staged opening function with the pre-combustion valve to meet the needs of the engine's staged fuel supply.

[0036] In this embodiment, the drain valve core assembly 43 includes a drain valve core 4301. A second spring 4302 is provided between the drain valve core 4301 and the retaining ring 4202. The second spring 4302 is located inside the valve sleeve 4102, in a relatively sealed environment, isolated from the inlet and outlet pressure, so as not to be affected by the opening and closing of the valve. A fourth sealing element 4303 is provided between the drain valve core 4301 and the valve sleeve 4102; the fourth sealing element can be a sealing ring to improve the sealing performance between the valve sleeve and the drain valve core. The drain valve core 4301 is a convex-shaped valve core. The large diameter portion of the drain valve core 4301 is limited within the valve sleeve 4102 by the baffle 4304, and the small diameter end of the drain valve core 4301 extends out of the baffle 4304. A third spring 4305 is provided between the baffle 4304 and the oil outlet connector 1. The third spring 4305 is sleeved on the drain valve core 4301. In cooperation with the first and second springs, it controls the left and right movement of the drain valve core to realize the opening and closing of the drain port. To ensure that the fuel outlet closes simultaneously with the opening of the pre-combustion valve (large valve core), the first spring behind the pre-combustion valve (small valve core) is designed with very low stiffness. Furthermore, the area of ​​pressure applied to the pre-combustion valve before opening is small, while the area of ​​pressure applied after opening is large. This ensures good sealing of the fuel distributor before the pre-combustion fuel line is opened, allowing for smooth fuel discharge from the outlet. After opening, it achieves rapid full opening and rapid closure of the outlet. Because the back pressure chamber of the main combustion valve is isolated from the main combustion outlet, the flow resistance after the main combustion valve opens is also very low and unaffected by the opening pressure. This low-flow-resistance structural design further improves the performance and service life of the distributor.

[0037] Preferably, in this embodiment, the drain valve core 4301 is provided with a second vulcanized rubber ring 4306 on the end face facing the oil outlet connector 1. The drain valve core 4301 has a three-step through hole along the axial direction, with the smallest diameter hole facing the oil outlet connector 1 and the largest diameter hole facing the retaining ring 4202, for oil discharge. The baffle 4304 is fixed to the end of the valve sleeve 4102 by fastening screws 4307, limiting the position of the drain valve core 4301. Both the pre-combustion valve and the main combustion valve of this fuel distributor adopt vulcanized rubber sealing valves, a multi-hole channel structure + O-ring seal, and a combined sealing structure, among other reliable sealing structures, achieving zero fuel leakage within the operating temperature range (-55℃~120℃), avoiding problems such as engine ignition failure or nozzle carbonization due to leakage.

[0038] The fuel distributor's valve core employs a two-stage opening structure. Upon startup, the fuel medium first pushes the large valve core to its designated position. At this point, the left end of the drain valve core seals the drain connector and connects to the pre-fuel circuit via the second channel. As the pressure increases, the small valve core moves to its designated position, opening the main fuel circuit. The main fuel circuit connects to the fuel inlet through the internal small valve core orifice channel and the external large valve core oblique orifice channel. While the main fuel circuit is open, the pre-fuel circuit remains open.

[0039] Example 3: A fuel distribution method for a fuel distributor as described in Example 2. When the medium pressure entering the inlet connector 6 reaches the pre-combustion opening pressure, the pre-combustion valve core assembly 41 begins to move. At this time, the large valve core 4101 moves towards the outlet connector 1. When the second channel 18 connects to the inlet of the valve body 5, the pre-combustion fuel circuit opens. Simultaneously, the drain valve core assembly 43 contacts the outlet connector 1, closing the drain port, and the pre-combustion fuel circuit begins to supply fuel. That is to say, when the medium pressure of the fuel distributor is low, both valve cores remain in their original positions under the action of their respective spring forces. At this time, the entire cavity is sealed by the seal to ensure no leakage. After the fuel working medium pressure reaches the specified parameter, the outer large valve core of the valve core assembly 4 first moves to the left to the specified position. At this time, the left end drain connector is sealed by the drain valve core, and the pre-combustion fuel circuit is connected to the inlet on the inlet connector 1 through the second channel. A throttling orifice plate can be installed in the pre-combustion fuel pipe of the pre-combustion fuel circuit. The flow rate and pressure difference of the pre-combustion fuel circuit can be controlled by adjusting the inner diameter of the throttling orifice plate.

[0040] When the medium pressure continues to rise to the main combustion opening pressure, the main combustion valve core assembly 42 begins to move. At this time, the small valve core 4201 moves towards the oil outlet connector 1. When the first channel 17 connects to the oil inlet of the valve body 5, the main fuel circuit opens, and the main fuel circuit and the pre-fuel circuit supply fuel simultaneously. That is to say, as the working fluid pressure continues to increase, the large valve core is pushed to the left limit position and no longer moves. The small valve core begins to move to the left to the designated position. At this time, the main fuel circuit is opened, completing the system's fuel supply to the fuel main pipe. While the main fuel circuit is connected, the pre-fuel circuit remains open.

[0041] When the medium pressure drops to a certain value, such as when the vehicle stops, the main combustion valve core assembly 42 and the pre-combustion valve core assembly 41 reset in sequence, and the small valve core 4201 and the large valve core 4101 move in sequence toward the oil inlet connector 6 to close the inlet of the main fuel line and the pre-combustion fuel line and stop the fuel supply; at this time, the oil drain valve core 4301 of the oil drain valve core assembly 43 disengages from the oil outlet connector 1, the oil drain port opens, and the fuel in the fuel main pipe and the fuel in the valve are drained through the oil drain port.

[0042] In practical use, the fuel distributor is installed before the engine's main fuel line. It distributes and controls fuel to the engine's pre-ignition nozzles and main fuel injectors based on fuel pressure, and expels residual fuel and vapors from the distributor chamber during engine start-up and shutdown. This fuel distributor achieves high opening pressure, staged opening, low flow resistance, equal pressure differentials across multiple pathways, and minimal leakage. This extends the service life of both the distributor and the engine, improves working efficiency, and reduces fuel waste and environmental pollution caused by incomplete combustion.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel distributor, comprising a valve body (5), characterized in that: The valve body (5) is provided with a valve core assembly (4), and the valve body (5) is provided with a pre-fuel line (11) and a main fuel line (12). The valve core assembly (4) includes a pre-combustion valve core assembly (41), a main combustion valve core assembly (42), and a drain valve core assembly (43). The pre-combustion valve core assembly (41) has a first channel (17) corresponding to the main combustion fuel line and the main combustion valve core assembly (42). The valve body (5) has a second channel (18) corresponding to the pre-combustion fuel line and the pre-combustion valve core assembly (41). The drain valve core assembly (43) corresponds to the drain port of the valve body (5). The oil inlet and oil outlet of the valve core assembly (4) and the valve body (5) are located on the same axis; the oil inlet of the valve body (5) is connected to an oil inlet connector (6), and the oil outlet is connected to an oil outlet connector (1). The pre-combustion valve core assembly (41) includes a large valve core (4101), a stepped cavity is provided in the large valve core (4101), a main combustion valve core assembly (42) is provided in the small diameter cavity of the stepped cavity, a valve sleeve (4102) is provided in the large diameter cavity of the stepped cavity, and an oil discharge valve core assembly (43) is limited in the valve sleeve (4102) and matches the oil outlet connector (1); The main combustion valve core assembly (42) includes a small valve core (4201). The valve sleeve (4102) has an inwardly recessed retaining ring (4202) at one end facing the small valve core (4201). A first spring (4203) is provided between the retaining ring (4202) and the small valve core (4201). The oil drain valve core assembly (43) includes an oil drain valve core (4301), and a second spring (4302) is provided between the oil drain valve core (4301) and the retaining ring (4202). The second spring (4302) is located inside the valve sleeve (4102). The drain valve core (4301) is a convex-shaped valve core. The drain valve core (4301) is limited in the valve sleeve (4102) by the baffle (4304). The small diameter end of the drain valve core (4301) extends out of the baffle (4304). A third spring (4305) is provided between the baffle (4304) and the oil outlet connector (1). The third spring (4305) is sleeved on the drain valve core (4301). When pre-combustion is performed, the pre-combustion valve core assembly (41) is opened, and the second channel (18) connects the oil inlet of the valve body (5) with the pre-combustion fuel circuit. At this time, the main combustion valve core assembly (42) and the exhaust valve core assembly (43) are closed. When the main combustion is in operation, the pre-combustion valve core assembly (41) is opened, and the second channel (18) connects the oil inlet of the valve body (5) with the pre-fuel circuit; the main combustion valve core assembly (42) is opened, and the first channel (17) connects the oil inlet of the valve body (5) with the main fuel circuit; the drain valve core assembly (43) is closed. When performing oil draining operation, the pre-combustion valve core assembly (41) and the main combustion valve core assembly (42) are closed, and the oil drain valve core assembly (43) is opened, and the oil in the valve body flows out through the oil drain port of the valve body (5).

2. The fuel distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A conversion connector (8) is provided on the pre-fuel line, and a main fuel pipe connector (2) is provided on the main fuel line; a throttle orifice plate is provided at the outlet of the pre-fuel line and the outlet of the main fuel line; the second channel (18) is a stepped hole, the small diameter inlet end of the stepped hole faces the pre-combustion valve core assembly (41), and the large diameter outlet end of the stepped hole is connected to the pre-fuel line.

3. The fuel distributor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The large valve core (4101) has a circulation channel (19) and an inclined first channel (17). The first channel (17) is a stepped hole. The small diameter inlet end of the stepped hole is connected to the small diameter cavity of the stepped cavity, and the large diameter outlet end of the stepped hole is connected to the circulation channel (19).

4. The fuel distributor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The large valve core (4101) has a first vulcanized rubber ring (4103) on the end face facing the oil inlet connector (6). The outer wall of the large valve core (4101) has an oil drain channel (20) along the axial direction. The oil drain channel (20) is connected to the circulation channel (19). A first sealing element (4104) is provided between the large valve core (4101) and the valve body (5). A second sealing element (4105) is provided between the valve sleeve (4102) and the large valve core (4101).

5. The fuel distributor according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: A third seal (4204) is provided between the small valve core (4201) and the large valve core (4101).

6. The fuel distributor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The small valve core (4201) has an axial hole (4205) at one end facing the oil inlet connector (6), and the bottom of the retaining ring (4202) has a small hole. The retaining ring (4202) is fixedly and sealed to the valve sleeve (4102).

7. The fuel distributor according to claim 6, characterized in that: A fourth sealing element (4303) is provided between the oil drain valve core (4301) and the valve sleeve (4102).

8. The fuel distributor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The oil drain valve core (4301) has a second vulcanized rubber ring (4306) on the end face facing the oil outlet connector (1). The oil drain valve core (4301) has a three-step through hole along the axial direction. The smallest diameter hole of the three-step hole faces the oil outlet connector (1), and the largest diameter hole faces the retaining ring (4202). The baffle (4304) is fixed to the end of the valve sleeve (4102) by fastening screws (4307).

9. A fuel distribution method for a fuel distributor as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: When the medium pressure entering the inlet connector (6) reaches the pre-combustion opening pressure, the pre-combustion valve core assembly (41) starts to move. At this time, the large valve core (4101) moves towards the outlet connector (1). When the second channel (18) connects to the oil inlet of the valve body (5), the pre-combustion fuel circuit opens. At the same time, the drain valve core assembly (43) contacts the outlet connector (1), closes the drain port, and the pre-combustion fuel circuit starts to supply fuel. When the medium pressure continues to rise to the main combustion opening pressure, the main combustion valve core assembly (42) starts to move. At this time, the small valve core (4201) moves towards the oil outlet connector (1). When the first channel (17) connects to the oil inlet of the valve body (5), the main fuel circuit opens and the main fuel circuit and the pre-fuel circuit supply oil at the same time. When the medium pressure drops to a certain value, the main combustion valve core assembly (42) and the pre-combustion valve core assembly (41) are reset in sequence, and the small valve core (4201) and the large valve core (4101) move in sequence toward the oil inlet connector (6) to close the inlet of the main fuel line and the pre-combustion fuel line and stop the oil supply; at this time, the oil drain valve core (4301) of the oil drain valve core assembly (43) is disengaged from the oil outlet connector (1), the oil drain port is opened, and the fuel in the fuel main pipe and the fuel in the valve are drained through the oil drain port.

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