Rock ground anchor oblique drawing bearing capacity testing device without counter-force frame and using method of rock ground anchor oblique drawing bearing capacity testing device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and discloses a rock ground anchor oblique drawing bearing capacity testing device without a reaction frame and a using method.The rock ground anchor oblique drawing bearing capacity testing device comprises a simulation drill hole formed in a target area, and an anchor rod used for simulating a rock ground anchor is arranged in the simulation drill hole; the anchor rod is provided with a force application mechanism used for simulating drawing force at different angles in a transmission mode. The force application mechanism comprises a first force application assembly and a second force application assembly, the first force application assembly is arranged in the simulation drill hole and abuts against the bottom end of the anchor rod for transmission, and the second force application assembly is arranged on the ground and abuts against the side wall of the anchor rod for transmission; the second force application assembly comprises a double-shaft component force groove, and the double-shaft component force groove abuts against the side wall of the anchor rod in a transmission mode. The device is simple in structure, convenient to use and low in construction difficulty, stress of different directions and magnitudes borne by the cable-stayed ground anchor can be simulated on the premise that counter-force equipment is not used, the counter-force self-balancing safety in the loading process is high, the applicability is high, and obtained test data are high in accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and in particular to a device for testing the oblique pull-out bearing capacity of a rock anchor without a reaction frame and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In power transmission and distribution line projects, power poles and towers often need to be fixed with anchor wires. In order to test the safety of anchor wires, it is necessary to test the safety of anchor wires. The existing rock anchor bearing capacity pulling devices and test methods are generally aimed at the detection of vertical bearing capacity, which cannot meet the situation of oblique anchor wires in actual projects, and cannot accurately evaluate the bearing capacity of anchors in actual projects.

[0003] The pull-out bearing capacity test of the guy wire anchor after it is driven into the ground is mainly carried out through a reaction frame and a pulling device; however, the use of the reaction frame not only requires a lot of on-site installation work, but also significantly increases the difficulty and cost of installation in complex terrain, especially steep slopes and narrow spaces; and in the oblique pull-out bearing capacity test, the angle between the guy wire load and the ground is often not fixed, and it is difficult to make the reaction frame applicable to multiple oblique pulling angles at the same time, and the reaction frame is cumbersome to make and it is difficult to stabilize the reaction force balance during the loading process.

[0004] Therefore, the present application designs a rock anchor oblique pull-out bearing capacity testing device and a method of use that do not require a reaction frame to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rock anchor oblique pull-out bearing capacity testing device and a use method without a reaction frame, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a rock anchor oblique pull-out bearing capacity testing device without a reaction frame, comprising a simulated borehole opened in a target area, an anchor rod for simulating a rock anchor is arranged in the simulated borehole, and a force-applying mechanism for simulating pull-out forces at different angles is arranged on the anchor rod;

[0007] The force applying mechanism comprises a first force applying component and a second force applying component, wherein the first force applying component is arranged in the simulated borehole and abuts against the bottom end of the anchor rod for transmission, and the second force applying component is arranged on the ground and abuts against the side wall of the anchor rod for transmission;

[0008] The second force-applying component comprises a double-axis force-dividing groove, and the double-axis force-dividing groove abuts against the side wall of the anchor rod for transmission.

[0009] Preferably, the second force-applying assembly comprises a horizontal reaction pier constructed on the ground, a second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the side of the horizontal reaction pier facing the anchor rod, and an output end of the second hydraulic cylinder faces the anchor rod and is transmission-connected to the dual-axis force distribution groove.

[0010] Preferably, the second force-applying assembly includes a second pressurizing pump body disposed on the ground, and a second hydraulic oil delivery pipe for circulation of hydraulic oil is disposed between the second pressurizing pump body and the second hydraulic cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the dual-axis force distribution groove comprises a connecting frame installed at the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder, and two symmetrically arranged rollers are provided on the connecting frame, and the outer walls of the rollers symmetrically abut against the two sides of the anchor rod.

[0012] Preferably, the first force-applying assembly comprises a first hydraulic cylinder fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the simulated drilling hole, the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder is arranged upward, and the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder abuts against the bottom end of the anchor rod for transmission.

[0013] Preferably, the first force-applying assembly includes a first pressurizing pump body disposed on the ground, and a first hydraulic oil delivery pipe for circulating hydraulic oil is connected between the first pressurizing pump body and the first hydraulic cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, a connecting hole is obliquely provided between the side wall of the simulated borehole and the ground, and the first hydraulic oil delivery pipe is arranged along the connecting hole.

[0015] Preferably, a partition plate adapted to the simulated drilling hole is provided at the top end of the first hydraulic cylinder, and the anchor rod abuts against the top end of the partition plate.

[0016] Preferably, concrete is filled between the simulated borehole and the anchor rod as a filler, and the bottom end of the concrete abuts against the top end of the partition.

[0017] The present invention also discloses a method for using a rock anchor oblique pull-out bearing capacity testing device without a reaction frame, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Set up simulated drilling in the selected area;

[0019] Arrange a first force applying component of the force applying mechanism at the bottom end of the simulated drilling hole so that the output end of the first force applying component faces upward;

[0020] The anchor rod is installed in the simulated borehole and fixed so as to abut against the output end of the first force-applying component to form a simulated inclined-stayed ground anchor;

[0021] Install the second force-applying assembly so that the biaxial force-applying groove of the second force-applying assembly abuts against the side wall of the area where the anchor rod protrudes from the ground;

[0022] According to the simulation requirements, the first force-applying component and the second force-applying component are activated to apply force to the anchor rod respectively, so as to simulate the force of the inclined-stayed anchor and observe the deformation and displacement of the anchor rod;

[0023] After the test, the anchor rod is taken out, and the first force-applying assembly and the second force-applying assembly are recovered for subsequent reuse.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: the present invention discloses a device and a method for testing the oblique pull-out bearing capacity of rock anchors without a reaction frame, which can perform an oblique bearing capacity test on the cable anchors of power towers, and set anchor rods in the target area to simulate the oblique pull-out anchors. Then, the anchor rods are output through a force-applying mechanism to simulate the oblique resultant force on the oblique pull-out anchors, and the pulling force on the anchor rods in all directions is simulated without setting a reaction frame, which is more in line with the use conditions in actual engineering projects. When in use, the first force-applying component applies force vertically upward to the anchor rod to achieve self-balancing of the loading reaction force along the axis of the borehole in any direction, and the second force-applying component The anchor rod is forced horizontally, and two groups of vertical forces form resultant forces of different directions and sizes according to the simulation requirements, simulating the oblique force on the inclined-stayed anchor, and realizing the pull-out bearing capacity test of the rock anchor at any oblique loading angle, without the need to pre-make the reaction frame and reaction device, which is easy to use and highly flexible; the first force component applies horizontal force to the anchor rod through the double-axis force distribution groove, which can reduce the friction resistance between the anchor rod and the first force component under the action of thrust in two directions, reduce the influence of the anchor rod force offset on the first force component, improve the accuracy of the test data, and at the same time improve the protection of the first force component, reduce the probability of equipment damage, and facilitate subsequent reuse.

[0025] The invention has a simple structure, is easy to use, and has low construction difficulty. It can simulate forces of different directions and magnitudes on the inclined anchor without using reaction force equipment. The reaction force self-balancing in the loading process has high safety and applicability, and the obtained test data has high accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a rock anchor oblique pull-out bearing capacity testing device without a reaction frame according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a top view of the device for testing the oblique pull-out bearing capacity of rock anchors without a reaction frame according to the present invention;

[0029] In the figure: 1. simulated drilling; 2. horizontal reaction pier; 3. double-axis force distribution groove; 7. anchor rod; 8. concrete; 9. partition; 10. connecting hole; 31. connecting frame; 32. connecting shaft; 33. roller; 41. first hydraulic cylinder; 42. second hydraulic cylinder; 51. first hydraulic oil pipeline; 52. second hydraulic oil pipeline; 61. first pressure pump body; 62. second pressure pump body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Reference Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a rock anchor oblique pull-out bearing capacity testing device without a reaction frame, comprising a simulated borehole 1 opened in a target area, an anchor rod 7 for simulating a rock anchor is arranged in the simulated borehole 1, and a force-applying mechanism for simulating pull-out forces at different angles is arranged on the anchor rod 7;

[0033] The force applying mechanism includes a first force applying component and a second force applying component. The first force applying component is arranged in the simulated borehole 1 and abuts against the bottom end of the anchor rod 7 for transmission. The second force applying component is arranged on the ground and abuts against the side wall of the anchor rod 7 for transmission.

[0034] The second force-applying assembly includes a double-axis force-dividing groove 3 , which abuts against the side wall of the anchor rod 7 for transmission.

[0035] The present invention discloses a device and a method for testing the oblique pull-out bearing capacity of a rock anchor without a reaction frame, which can perform an oblique bearing capacity test on the anchor of a power tower cable, and an anchor rod 7 is arranged in a target area to simulate the oblique pull-out anchor, and then an output is made to the anchor rod 7 through a force-applying mechanism to simulate the oblique resultant force on the oblique pull-out anchor, thereby simulating the pulling force applied to the anchor rod 7 in all directions without setting a reaction frame, and thus better conforming to the use conditions required in actual engineering projects; when in use, the first force-applying component applies force to the anchor rod 7 vertically upwards to realize self-balancing of the loading reaction force along the axis of the borehole in any direction, and the second force-applying component applies force to the anchor rod 7 horizontally, and the two groups of vertical forces are used to simulate the pulling force applied to the anchor rod 7 in all directions. The straight force forms a resultant force of different directions and sizes according to the simulation requirements, simulating the oblique force on the inclined anchor, realizing the pull-out bearing capacity test of the rock anchor at any oblique loading angle, and there is no need to pre-make the reaction frame and reaction device, which is easy to use and highly flexible; the first force component applies a horizontal force to the anchor rod 7 through the double-axis force distribution groove 3, which can reduce the friction resistance between the anchor rod 7 and the first force component under the action of the thrust in two directions, reduce the influence of the force offset of the anchor rod 7 on the first force component, improve the accuracy of the test data, and at the same time improve the protection of the first force component, reduce the probability of equipment damage, and facilitate subsequent reuse. The present invention has a simple structure, is easy to use, and has low construction difficulty. It can simulate the forces of different directions and sizes on the inclined anchor without using reaction equipment. The self-balancing safety of the reaction force during the loading process is high, the applicability is high, and the accuracy of the obtained test data is high.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present application, the simulated borehole 1 is arranged in the rock layer of the test site, and its depth and size are adapted to the construction data of the cable-stayed ground anchor in the selected area, so as to truly simulate the tension data of the cable-stayed ground anchor and improve the data accuracy of the simulation test.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present application, the diameter of the simulated borehole 1 is preferably 300 mm-400 mm, and the depth is 1.2 m-1.4 m.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present application, the specification of the anchor rod 7 is adapted to the inclined ground anchor, and the length thereof is less than the depth of the simulated borehole 1 .

[0039] In one embodiment of the present application, the anchor rod 7 is preferably 1 m to 1.1 m in length, with a portion of its top exposed above the ground, and the bidirectional force component groove is abutted and transmitted on a portion of the anchor rod 7 extending out of the ground.

[0040] Further optimization scheme, the second force-applying assembly includes a horizontal reaction pier 2 constructed on the ground, and a second hydraulic cylinder 42 is fixedly installed on the side of the horizontal reaction pier 2 facing the anchor rod 7, and the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 42 faces the anchor rod 7 and is connected to the double-axis force distribution groove 3. The horizontal reaction pier 2 is constructed on the ground, and is arranged in the opposite direction of the oblique force of the inclined anchor. The distance between it and the anchor rod 7 can accommodate the main body of the second hydraulic rod but is not greater than the output limit length of the second hydraulic cylinder 42, which serves as the horizontal force foundation of the horizontal reaction pier 2; the second hydraulic cylinder 42 is fixed on the side wall of the horizontal reaction pier 2, and its output end transmits the side wall of the anchor rod 7 through the double-axis force distribution groove 3.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present application, the horizontal reaction pier 2 is cast with concrete 8 on the ground, and has a length and width of 1 m×1 m and a thickness of 0.5 m.

[0042] In a further optimized solution, the second force-applying assembly includes a second pressure pump body 62 disposed on the ground, and a second hydraulic oil delivery pipe 52 for circulating hydraulic oil is disposed between the second pressure pump body 62 and the second hydraulic cylinder 42. The second pressure pump body 62 is installed on the side of the horizontal reaction pier 2 away from the anchor rod 7, and the second hydraulic oil delivery pipe 52 and the second hydraulic cylinder 42 are used to circulate hydraulic oil, and the second hydraulic cylinder 42 applies force to the anchor rod 7 through the dual-axis force distribution groove 3 by the power of the hydraulic oil.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present application, the rated working pressure of the second hydraulic cylinder 42 is 30 MPa, and the maximum thrust is 45 tons, which can provide a horizontal component of force for the simulated force of the anchor rod 7 .

[0044] Further optimized solution, the double-axis force distribution groove 3 includes a connecting frame 31 installed at the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 42, and two symmetrically arranged rollers 33 are arranged on the connecting frame 31, and the outer walls of the rollers 33 are symmetrically abutted on both sides of the anchor rod 7. The connecting frame 31 is a one-way open structure, with its open end facing the anchor rod 7, and its closed end is fixed to the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 42; the two rollers 33 are symmetrically rotated in the connecting frame 31 through the connecting shaft 32, and the outer walls of the rollers 33 are in rolling contact with the anchor rod 7, which is convenient for the transmission of the loading force; at the same time, the rolling contact between the rollers 33 and the anchor rod 7 can avoid being affected when the anchor rod 7 is deflected by force, and can also reduce the friction between the anchor rod 7 and the second hydraulic cylinder 42, so as to ensure the accurate transmission of thrust during the test.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present application, the diameter of the roller 33 is preferably 100 mm and the width is preferably 50 mm, so as to facilitate rotation in the connecting frame 31 .

[0046] Further optimization scheme, the first force-applying assembly includes a first hydraulic cylinder 41 fixedly mounted at the bottom of the simulated borehole 1, the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 41 is arranged upward, and the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 41 is abutted against the bottom end of the anchor rod 7 for transmission. The bottom end of the simulated borehole 1 is arranged horizontally, and the first hydraulic cylinder 41 is installed at its horizontal bottom end. The output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 41 applies force upward to the bottom end of the anchor rod 7, providing the anchor rod 7 with a vertical component force simulating the oblique tension force; and then, by coupling with the horizontal component force provided by the second hydraulic cylinder 42, an oblique tension force is formed, simulating the tension of the electric tower pole on the oblique anchor.

[0047] Further optimized solution, the first force-applying component includes a first pressurizing pump body 61 arranged on the ground, and a first hydraulic oil delivery pipe 51 for circulation of hydraulic oil is connected between the first pressurizing pump body 61 and the first hydraulic cylinder 41; a connecting hole 10 is obliquely opened between the side wall of the simulated borehole 1 and the ground, and the first hydraulic oil delivery pipe 51 is arranged along the connecting hole 10. The connecting hole 10 is obliquely opened between the bottom end of the side wall of the simulated borehole 1 and the ground, and is used for the passage of the first hydraulic oil delivery pipe 51. The first pressurizing pump body 61 forms a hydraulic oil circuit between the first hydraulic oil delivery pipe 51 and the first pressurizing pump body 61, and the hydraulic oil is pumped as the power of the first hydraulic cylinder 41 to provide a vertical component of force for the anchor rod 7.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present application, the rated working pressure of the first hydraulic cylinder 41 is 25 MPa, and the maximum thrust of the hydraulic cylinder is 50 tons.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present application, the connecting section between the connecting hole 10 and the simulated borehole 1 is arranged in an arc shape, which facilitates the arrangement of the first hydraulic oil delivery pipe 51 .

[0050] In a further optimized solution, a partition 9 adapted to the simulated borehole 1 is provided at the top of the first hydraulic cylinder 41, and the anchor rod 7 abuts against the top of the partition 9. The partition 9 is provided at the top of the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 41, and the space in the simulated borehole 1 is separated according to the area of ​​the anchor rod 7 and the area of ​​the first hydraulic cylinder 41, providing a relatively independent space for the installation and operation of the first hydraulic cylinder 41, and preventing the fixing and pouring process of the anchor rod 7 from affecting the operation of the first hydraulic cylinder 41.

[0051] Further optimization scheme, concrete 8 is filled between the simulated borehole 1 and the anchor rod 7 as a filler, and the bottom end of the concrete 8 abuts against the top end of the partition 9. The anchor rod 7 is placed on the partition 9, with its top exposed to the ground, and then concrete 8 is poured to fill the space between the anchor rod 7 and the simulated borehole 1 to fix the anchor rod 7; after pouring the concrete 8, wait for it to solidify to the set strength, and then a simulated inclined-stayed ground anchor can be formed.

[0052] The present invention also discloses a method for using a rock anchor oblique pull-out bearing capacity testing device without a reaction frame, comprising the following steps:

[0053] A simulated borehole 1 is set in the selected area; a simulated borehole 1 is drilled with a puncher at the corresponding position of the rock stratum required by the project, the bottom of the hole must be flat, and a connecting hole 10 is drilled obliquely upward on the side of the bottom of the simulated borehole 1; a horizontal reaction pier 2 is cast at the horizontal opposite direction of the anchor pre-tensioning line on the surface of the simulated borehole 1, the surface of the horizontal reaction pier 2 facing the simulated borehole 1 must be flat, and the distance between the horizontal reaction pier 2 and the simulated borehole 1 should be enough to place the second hydraulic cylinder 42 and the double-axis force distribution groove 3;

[0054] The first force-applying assembly of the force-applying mechanism is arranged at the bottom end of the simulated borehole 1, so that the output end of the first force-applying assembly faces upward; the first hydraulic oil delivery pipe 51 is inserted from the communicating hole 10 from top to bottom, and is connected to the first hydraulic cylinder 41 after insertion. The first hydraulic cylinder 41 is vertically placed at the bottom of the simulated borehole 1, and the other end of the first hydraulic oil delivery pipe 51 is connected to the first pressurizing pump body 61 on the ground;

[0055] The anchor rod 7 is installed and fixed in the simulated borehole 1 and abutted against the output end of the first force-applying component to form a simulated inclined-stayed ground anchor; a partition plate 9 is placed on the first hydraulic cylinder 41, the anchor rod 7 is vertically placed in the center of the borehole and concrete 8 is poured; then the concrete 8 is cured until the concrete 8 solidifies and its strength reaches a set value, thereby forming a simulated inclined-stayed ground anchor;

[0056] Install the second force-applying component so that the biaxial force-component groove 3 of the second force-applying component abuts against the side wall of the area where the anchor rod 7 protrudes from the ground; after the concrete 8 solidifies, install the biaxial force-component groove 3 and the second hydraulic cylinder 42 between the part of the anchor rod 7 protruding from the ground and the horizontal reaction pier 2, that is, lay the second hydraulic cylinder 42 down and place it horizontally on the ground, with the bottom abutting against the horizontal reaction pier 2, and the second pressurizing pump body 62 is placed on the other side of the horizontal reaction pier 2, and the second hydraulic oil pipe 52 connects the second hydraulic cylinder 42 with the second pressurizing pump body 62; the bottom of the biaxial force-component groove 3 abuts against the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 42, and the top of the biaxial force-component groove 3 abuts against the surface of the anchor rod 7; a displacement meter is abutted in the vertical and horizontal directions of the anchor rod 7 to measure the displacement of the anchor rod 7 during the test;

[0057] According to the simulation requirements, the first force-applying component and the second force-applying component are started to apply force to the anchor rod 7 respectively, simulating the force of the inclined anchor, and observing the deformation and displacement of the anchor rod 7; the vertical and horizontal component values ​​of the maximum required bearing capacity in the preset tensioning direction are calculated, and the first pressurizing pump body 61 and the second pressurizing pump body 62 are synchronously loaded with corresponding component values ​​to realize the direction of the combined force in the oblique direction, simulating the maximum oblique tension on the anchor rod 7;

[0058] After the test, the anchor rod 7 is taken out, and the first force-applying assembly and the second force-applying assembly are recovered for subsequent reuse; after the test, the ground anchor and concrete 8 in the simulated borehole 1 are taken out, and the connection between the first pressure pump body 61 and the first hydraulic oil pipe 51 is disconnected first, and then the first hydraulic cylinder 41 and the first hydraulic oil pipe 51 are taken out from the bottom of the borehole together to realize the recovery of the equipment for reuse.

[0059] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0060] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for testing the oblique pull-out bearing capacity of rock anchors without a reaction frame, characterized in that: It comprises a simulated borehole (1) opened in a target area, wherein an anchor rod (7) for simulating a rock anchor is arranged in the simulated borehole (1), and a force application mechanism for simulating pulling forces at different angles is arranged on the anchor rod (7); The force applying mechanism comprises a first force applying component and a second force applying component, wherein the first force applying component is arranged in the simulated borehole (1) and abuts against the bottom end of the anchor rod (7) for transmission, and the second force applying component is arranged on the ground and abuts against the side wall of the anchor rod (7) for transmission; The second force-applying component comprises a double-axis force-dividing groove (3), and the double-axis force-dividing groove (3) abuts against the side wall of the anchor rod (7) for transmission.

2. The device for testing the oblique pull-out bearing capacity of rock anchors without a reaction frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second force-applying assembly comprises a horizontal reaction pier (2) constructed on the ground, a second hydraulic cylinder (42) being fixedly mounted on the side of the horizontal reaction pier (2) facing the anchor rod (7), an output end of the second hydraulic cylinder (42) facing the anchor rod (7) and being transmission-connected to the dual-axis force distribution groove (3).

3. The device for testing the oblique pull-out bearing capacity of rock anchors without a reaction frame according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The second force-applying assembly comprises a second pressurizing pump body (62) arranged on the ground, and a second hydraulic oil delivery pipe (52) for circulating hydraulic oil is arranged between the second pressurizing pump body (62) and the second hydraulic cylinder (42).

4. The device for testing the oblique pull-out bearing capacity of rock anchors without a reaction frame according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dual-axis force distribution groove (3) comprises a connecting frame (31) mounted on the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder (42), and two symmetrically arranged rollers (33) are provided on the connecting frame (31), and the outer walls of the rollers (33) symmetrically abut against two sides of the anchor rod (7).

5. The device for testing the oblique pull-out bearing capacity of rock anchors without a reaction frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first force-applying assembly comprises a first hydraulic cylinder (41) fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the simulated borehole (1), the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder (41) being arranged upward, and the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder (41) being in abutment with the bottom end of the anchor rod (7) for transmission.

6. The device for testing the oblique pull-out bearing capacity of rock anchors without a reaction frame according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first force-applying assembly comprises a first pressurizing pump body (61) arranged on the ground, and a first hydraulic oil delivery pipe (51) for circulating hydraulic oil is connected between the first pressurizing pump body (61) and the first hydraulic cylinder (41).

7. The device for testing the oblique pull-out bearing capacity of rock anchors without a reaction frame according to claim 6, characterized in that: A connecting hole (10) is obliquely provided between the side wall of the simulated borehole (1) and the ground, and the first hydraulic oil delivery pipe (51) is arranged along the connecting hole (10).

8. The device for testing the oblique pull-out bearing capacity of rock anchors without a reaction frame according to claim 5, characterized in that: A partition plate (9) adapted to the simulated borehole (1) is provided at the top end of the first hydraulic cylinder (41), and the anchor rod (7) abuts against the top end of the partition plate (9).

9. The device for testing the oblique pull-out bearing capacity of rock anchors without a reaction frame according to claim 8, characterized in that: Concrete (8) is filled between the simulated borehole (1) and the anchor rod (7) as a filler, and the bottom end of the concrete (8) abuts against the top end of the partition plate (9).

10. A method for using a rock anchor oblique pull-out bearing capacity testing device without a reaction frame, based on the rock anchor oblique pull-out bearing capacity testing device without a reaction frame according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The following steps are involved: Setting up simulated drilling in the selected area (1); A first force applying component of a force applying mechanism is arranged at the bottom end of the simulated drilling hole (1), so that the output end of the first force applying component faces upward; The anchor rod (7) is installed and fixed in the simulated borehole (1) and abutted against the output end of the first force-applying component to form a simulated inclined-stayed ground anchor; Install a second force-applying assembly so that the dual-axis force-applying groove (3) of the second force-applying assembly abuts against the side wall of the region where the anchor rod (7) protrudes from the ground; The first force applying component and the second force applying component are activated according to the simulation requirements to apply force to the anchor rod (7) respectively, so as to simulate the force of the inclined anchor and observe the deformation and displacement of the anchor rod (7); After the test is completed, the anchor rod (7) is taken out, and the first force-applying assembly and the second force-applying assembly are recovered for subsequent reuse.

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