Backfill Deformation Control Method and System Combined with Path Flow Optimization

Abstract

The present invention provides a backfill deformation control method and system combined with path flow optimization, which relates to the field of backfill construction optimization control. The method includes: performing the optimization of the backfill path in the first stage according to the current tunnel construction information; executing the concrete backfill in the first stage according to the first optimal backfill path, and collecting the status data of the first backfill result; combining the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set to perform the optimization of the backfill path and pouring thickness in the second stage; executing the concrete backfill in the second stage according to the second optimal backfill parameters, and continuing the subsequent iterative optimization and backfill operations. The aim is to solve the technical problem that the traditional tunnel backfill construction method cannot effectively solve the uneven settlement and deformation control in the backfill process. By optimizing the backfill path, controlling the pouring thickness, and performing real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment, the accuracy and uniformity of the multi-stage backfill construction can be ensured, and the structural deformation caused by settlement can be effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of backfill construction optimization control, and particularly to a backfill deformation control method and system combined with path flow optimization. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel backfill construction is an important link in underground engineering construction. The selection of backfill materials and the backfill method directly affect the stability of the tunnel and the long-term operation safety.

[0003] Most traditional tunnel backfill construction methods rely on experience and conventional processes, usually using a single backfill path and a fixed pouring thickness. However, there are multiple technical bottlenecks in this traditional method. Especially in soft soil areas or complex geological environments, uneven settlement and structural deformation often occur during the backfill process, affecting the long-term stability and operation safety of the tunnel. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a backfill deformation control method and system combined with path flow optimization to solve the technical problems that the traditional tunnel backfill construction method cannot effectively solve the uneven settlement and deformation control during the backfill process, including:

[0005] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization, including: based on the standard pouring thickness, aiming at minimizing the backfill deformation, performing the first-stage backfill path optimization according to the current tunnel construction information to determine the first optimal backfill path; performing the first-stage concrete backfill according to the standard pouring thickness and the first optimal backfill path, and collecting the status data of the first backfill result through a predetermined sensor group to obtain the first backfill data distribution set; combining the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set, aiming at minimizing the backfill deformation, performing the second-stage backfill path and pouring thickness optimization to obtain the second optimal backfill parameters; performing the second-stage concrete backfill according to the second optimal backfill parameters, and continuing to perform the parameter iterative optimization and backfill operations in subsequent multiple stages until the tunnel backfill project is completed.

[0006] Preferably, the backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization further includes: obtaining the current tunnel construction information, where the tunnel construction information at least includes dimensional characteristics, structural form, and construction characteristics; performing simulation modeling according to the current tunnel construction information to generate the current tunnel three-dimensional space; using the current tunnel three-dimensional space, performing the first-stage backfill path optimization based on the standard pouring thickness to determine the first optimal backfill path.

[0007] Preferably, the backfill deformation control method combining path flow optimization further includes: enumerating backfill paths using the current tunnel three-dimensional space to generate multiple initial backfill paths; in the current tunnel three-dimensional space, based on the standard pouring thickness, simulating backfill operations according to the multiple initial backfill paths respectively, and outputting multiple backfill simulation deformation data; calculating multiple backfill fitness values according to the multiple backfill simulation deformation data, and selecting the initial backfill path with the maximum backfill fitness value as the first optimal backfill path.

[0008] Preferably, the backfill deformation control method combining path flow optimization further includes: obtaining multiple backfill simulation deformation data, where each backfill simulation deformation data includes a backfill simulation deformation feature distribution, each backfill simulation deformation feature is marked with a deformation size, a deformation type, and a position coordinate, and the deformation types include settlement deformation, lateral deformation, and non-uniform deformation; analyzing the construction influence degree according to the multiple position coordinates to determine multiple construction influence weights; based on the deformation types, analyzing and obtaining the settlement deformation weight, the lateral deformation weight, and the non-uniform deformation weight; performing an overall deformation weighted calculation on the multiple backfill simulation deformation data according to the multiple construction influence weights, the settlement deformation weight, the lateral deformation weight, and the non-uniform deformation weight to obtain multiple overall deformation coefficients; calculating multiple backfill fitness values according to the multiple overall deformation coefficients, where the backfill fitness value is the reciprocal of the overall deformation coefficient.

[0009] Preferably, the backfill deformation control method combining path flow optimization further includes: configuring a predetermined sensor group, where the predetermined sensor group includes multiple monitoring sensor arrays, each monitoring sensor array includes multiple sensors of the same type, which are respectively arranged at multiple predetermined backfill positions in the tunnel, and the sensor types at least include a concrete flow monitoring sensor, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor.

[0010] Preferably, the backfill deformation control method combining path flow optimization further includes: collecting status data of the first backfill result through the predetermined sensor group to obtain a first initial backfill data distribution set; respectively performing data denoising and cross-validation on the first initial backfill data distribution set to obtain the first backfill data distribution set.

[0011] Preferably, the backfill deformation control method combining path flow optimization further includes: combining the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set to perform simulation modeling to construct a first tunnel three-dimensional space; randomly selecting within the pouring thickness threshold according to a predetermined step length to obtain multiple initial pouring thicknesses, and randomly combining the multiple initial pouring thicknesses with the multiple initial backfill paths to generate multiple second backfill parameters; using the first tunnel three-dimensional space to perform optimization according to the multiple second backfill parameters and outputting the second optimal backfill parameters.

[0012] Preferably, the backfill deformation control method combining path flow optimization further includes: using the three-dimensional space of the first tunnel, respectively performing backfill operation simulations according to the plurality of second backfill parameters, and outputting a plurality of second backfill simulation deformation data; calculating a plurality of second backfill fitnesses according to the plurality of second backfill simulation deformation data, and selecting the second backfill parameter corresponding to the maximum second backfill fitness as the second optimal backfill parameter.

[0013] Preferably, the backfill deformation control method combining path flow optimization further includes: performing second-stage concrete backfill according to the second optimal backfill parameter, and constructing a three-dimensional space of the second tunnel according to the second backfill result; based on the three-dimensional space of the second tunnel, continuing with parameter iterative optimization and backfill operations in subsequent multiple stages according to a predetermined tunnel backfill stage until the tunnel backfill project is completed.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a backfill deformation control system combining path flow optimization for executing the backfill deformation control method combining path flow optimization as described in the first aspect, including: a first backfill path optimization module for performing first-stage backfill path optimization based on a standard pouring thickness with the goal of minimizing backfill deformation according to current tunnel construction information to determine the first optimal backfill path; a state data acquisition module for performing first-stage concrete backfill according to the standard pouring thickness and the first optimal backfill path, and collecting state data of the first backfill result through a predetermined sensor group to obtain a first backfill data distribution set; a second backfill parameter optimization module for combining current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set to perform second-stage backfill path and pouring thickness optimization with the goal of minimizing backfill deformation to obtain the second optimal backfill parameter; a parameter iterative optimization module for performing second-stage concrete backfill according to the second optimal backfill parameter, and continuing with parameter iterative optimization and backfill operations in subsequent multiple stages until the tunnel backfill project is completed.

[0015] Embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages:

[0016] Based on the standard pouring thickness, aiming to minimize backfill deformation, the first-stage backfill path optimization is carried out according to the current tunnel construction information to determine the first optimal backfill path; then, the first-stage concrete backfill is performed according to the standard pouring thickness and the first optimal backfill path, and the status data of the first backfill result is collected by a predetermined sensor group to obtain the first backfill data distribution set; then, combining the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set, aiming to minimize backfill deformation, the second-stage backfill path and pouring thickness optimization are carried out to obtain the second optimal backfill parameters; finally, the second-stage concrete backfill is performed according to the second optimal backfill parameters, and the subsequent multi-stage parameter iterative optimization and backfill operations are continued until the tunnel backfill project is completed. That is to say, by optimizing the backfill path, controlling the pouring thickness, real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment, the accuracy and uniformity of multi-stage backfill construction can be ensured, effectively avoiding the structural deformation caused by settlement and significantly improving the quality of backfill operations. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the steps of the backfill deformation control method combining path flow optimization of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the backfill deformation control system combining path flow optimization of the present invention.

[0019] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0020] The first backfill path optimization module 11, the status data acquisition module 12, the second backfill parameter optimization module 13, and the parameter iterative optimization module 14. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0021] The present invention provides a backfill deformation control method and system combining path flow optimization, which solves the technical problem that the traditional tunnel backfill construction method cannot effectively solve the uneven settlement and deformation control in the backfill process. By optimizing the backfill path, controlling the pouring thickness, real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment, the accuracy and uniformity of multi-stage backfill construction can be ensured, effectively avoiding the structural deformation caused by settlement and significantly improving the quality of backfill operations.

[0022] Next, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited by the example embodiments described herein. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, it should be noted that, for the sake of description, only the parts related to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings rather than all of them.

[0023] Example 1. Please refer to the appendix Figure 1 The present invention provides a backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization, which is applied to a backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization. The specific steps are as follows:

[0024] S10: Based on the standard pouring thickness, with the goal of minimizing backfill deformation, perform the first-stage backfill path optimization according to the current tunnel construction information, and determine the first optimal backfill path.

[0025] Furthermore, step S10 of the present invention further includes:

[0026] S11: Obtain the current tunnel construction information, where the tunnel construction information at least includes dimensional characteristics, structural form, and construction characteristics; S12: Perform simulation modeling according to the current tunnel construction information to generate the current three-dimensional space of the tunnel.

[0027] Specifically, first, obtain the current tunnel construction information, where the tunnel construction information at least includes dimensional characteristics, structural form, and construction characteristics. The dimensional characteristics include the design dimensions of the tunnel (such as the cross-section, length, excavation depth, etc.) of the tunnel, as well as the dimensional data measured after actual excavation; the structural form includes the structural type of the tunnel (such as full-section tunnel, frame culvert, etc.) and the lining type (such as reinforced concrete lining, prestressed concrete lining, etc.); the construction characteristics include construction stage, construction method, construction equipment, geological conditions, soil properties, and groundwater conditions, etc. Among them, the tunnel construction information data table is shown in Table 1:

[0028] Table 1: Tunnel construction information data table

[0029] Field Description Tunnel number Unique identifier of the tunnel Tunnel type Such as full-face tunnel, frame culvert, etc. Tunnel length (m) Total length of the tunnel Tunnel cross-section size (m) Size of the inner or outer diameter of the tunnel Structural form Reinforced concrete lining, prestressed concrete lining, etc. Excavation method Drill and blast method, shield method, open cut method, etc. Soil type Clay, sand, silt, etc. Tunnel design depth (m) Depth relative to the ground or other reference points Design pouring thickness (m) Standard pouring thickness for each layer of backfill Excavation progress (m) Completed excavation length

[0030] Next, perform simulation modeling according to the current tunnel construction information, that is, based on the collected tunnel dimensions, structural form, and construction characteristics, establish a three-dimensional model of the tunnel through CAD software or BIM platform. This model needs to reflect in detail the geometric shape, internal structure, construction environment, etc. of the tunnel; at the same time, assign physical properties to different regions in the model (such as the compressibility of the soil, the groundwater level, the mechanical properties of the tunnel lining material, etc.), and perform deformation simulation during the backfill process based on the three-dimensional model to analyze the possible settlement and structural stress distribution after backfill. Through simulation modeling, a three-dimensional model of the tunnel can be created to simulate various physical and mechanical behaviors during the backfill process.

[0031] S13: Utilize the current three-dimensional space of the tunnel, and perform the first-stage backfill path optimization based on the standard pouring thickness to determine the first optimal backfill path.

[0032] Furthermore, step S13 of the present invention further includes:

[0033] S131: Enumerate the backfill paths using the current three-dimensional tunnel space to generate multiple initial backfill paths; S132: In the current three-dimensional tunnel space, based on the standard pouring thickness, perform backfill operation simulations according to the multiple initial backfill paths respectively, and output multiple backfill simulation deformation data.

[0034] Specifically, enumerating the backfill paths using the current three-dimensional tunnel space means generating multiple possible backfill paths according to the geometric shape and structural characteristics of the tunnel. These paths need to meet the requirements of the standard pouring thickness and take into account the morphology of different parts of the tunnel and the actual construction conditions (such as soil quality, groundwater, lining morphology, etc.). In the three-dimensional space, considering different construction strategies, pouring sequences, and the fluidity of materials, multiple initial backfill paths are generated automatically or manually. Each path represents a possible construction method for subsequent analysis and comparison, resulting in multiple initial backfill paths.

[0035] Next, in the current three-dimensional tunnel space, based on the standard pouring thickness, perform backfill operation simulations according to the multiple initial backfill paths respectively, that is, use simulation software or a backfill simulation model to simulate the backfill operation for each initial backfill path. Each backfill simulation will consider the backfill thickness in the path, the fluidity and settlement characteristics of the backfill material; at the same time, during the simulation process, through finite element analysis or other calculation methods, obtain the deformation data of each backfill path (such as settlement amount, lateral displacement, stress distribution, etc.). These data can reflect the possible structural changes and deformation conditions during the backfill operation; collect the deformation data of multiple backfill paths and store them as a data set for further analysis and evaluation, obtaining multiple backfill simulation deformation data.

[0036] S133: Calculate multiple backfill fitness values based on the multiple backfill simulation deformation data, and select the initial backfill path with the maximum backfill fitness value as the first optimal backfill path.

[0037] Furthermore, step S133 of the present invention further includes:

[0038] S1331: Obtain multiple backfill simulation deformation data. Each backfill simulation deformation data includes a backfill simulation deformation feature distribution. Each backfill simulation deformation feature is marked with a deformation size, a deformation type, and a position coordinate. The deformation types include settlement deformation, lateral deformation, and non-uniform deformation. S1332: Conduct a construction influence degree analysis based on the multiple position coordinates to determine multiple construction influence weights. S1333: Based on the deformation types, analyze and obtain the settlement deformation weight, the lateral deformation weight, and the non-uniform deformation weight. S1334: According to the multiple construction influence weights, the settlement deformation weight, the lateral deformation weight, and the non-uniform deformation weight, perform an overall deformation weighted calculation on the multiple backfill simulation deformation data to obtain multiple overall deformation coefficients. S1335: Calculate multiple backfill fitness degrees based on the multiple overall deformation coefficients. The backfill fitness degree is the reciprocal of the overall deformation coefficient.

[0039] Specifically, conduct backfill operation simulations for each initial backfill path, record the deformation characteristics (such as settlement amount, lateral displacement, etc.) and the spatial distribution of the deformation. The simulation results will mark the deformation size (such as millimeters), the deformation type (settlement, lateral, non-uniform deformation), and the position coordinates where it occurs, obtaining multiple backfill simulation deformation data. Each backfill simulation deformation data includes a backfill simulation deformation feature distribution. Each backfill simulation deformation feature is marked with a deformation size, a deformation type, and a position coordinate. The deformation types include settlement deformation, lateral deformation, and non-uniform deformation. The simulation deformation data of each backfill path will clearly record the type of deformation (settlement, lateral, non-uniform), the size (such as settlement depth, displacement distance, etc.), and the position coordinates (the position in the three-dimensional space of the tunnel).

[0040] Next, based on the coordinates of the deformation positions, determine the influence degree of different positions on the overall construction quality of the tunnel. For example, certain positions (such as those close to the support structure or key parts of the tunnel) may have a greater impact on the tunnel stability and structural safety. Based on the analysis results, assign a construction influence weight to each position coordinate. The closer the position is to the key part or the area with greater pressure, the higher its weight may be, and vice versa. On the other hand, evaluate the impact of each type of deformation (settlement, lateral, non-uniform deformation) on the backfill quality and the tunnel structure, and then provide the weight of each type of deformation for the weighted calculation. For example, evaluate the impact of settlement, lateral displacement, and non-uniform deformation on the tunnel structural safety and stability respectively. For example, settlement deformation may cause uneven roadbeds, lateral deformation may affect the geometric stability of the tunnel, and non-uniform deformation will exacerbate the stress concentration in the structure. Assign respective weights according to the influence degree of each type of deformation on the tunnel. Generally speaking, settlement and non-uniform deformation may have a greater impact on the tunnel structure, so higher weights are given, while the impact of lateral deformation may be smaller.

[0041] Then, based on the multiple construction influence weights, settlement deformation weights, lateral deformation weights, and non-uniform deformation weights, perform an overall deformation weighted calculation on the multiple backfill simulation deformation data, that is, use the weighted average method to combine the construction influence weight with the weights of settlement, lateral, and non-uniform deformations. For each deformation data point, calculate its weighted deformation coefficient, and take the weighted calculation result as the overall deformation coefficient. The overall deformation coefficient reflects the overall backfill quality and structural safety of each path. Further, calculate multiple backfill fitness values based on the multiple overall deformation coefficients, that is, use the reciprocal of the overall deformation coefficient as the backfill fitness. The higher the fitness, the smaller the deformation and the better the path. Evaluate the performance of each backfill path according to the calculated fitness. A path with a higher fitness indicates less settlement and deformation during the backfill process and is suitable as a preferred path.

[0042] By performing a multi-dimensional analysis on the deformation data simulated for the backfill path and combining the weights of construction influence and deformation types for weighted calculation, the fitness of each backfill path is finally obtained; this process helps optimize the selection of the backfill path, minimize non-uniform settlement and structural deformation, and ensure the accuracy and safety of tunnel backfill construction.

[0043] S20: Perform the first-stage concrete backfill according to the standard pouring thickness and the first optimal backfill path, and collect status data on the first backfill result through a predetermined sensor group to obtain the first backfill data distribution set.

[0044] Furthermore, step S20 of the present invention further includes:

[0045] S21: Configure a predetermined sensor group, where the predetermined sensor group includes multiple monitoring sensor arrays, each monitoring sensor array includes multiple sensors of the same type, which are respectively arranged at multiple predetermined backfill positions in the tunnel, and the sensor types at least include concrete flow monitoring sensors, temperature sensors, and humidity sensors.

[0046] Specifically, multiple monitoring and sensing arrays are configured, each array consisting of multiple sensors of the same type. The monitoring and sensing arrays are deployed at multiple predetermined backfill positions in the tunnel. The role of the sensor group is to collect key data during the backfill process in real time to ensure accurate monitoring of the backfill quality. Among them, the sensor types at least include concrete flow monitoring sensors, temperature sensors, and humidity sensors. The concrete flow monitoring sensors are used to monitor the fluidity of the concrete during the backfill process to ensure that the concrete can be evenly distributed during the backfill process and avoid problems such as uneven flow or poor fluidity. The temperature sensors are used to monitor the temperature change of the concrete during the backfill process. Since hydration reactions occur during the concrete backfill process, temperature changes may affect the strength and stability of the concrete. Therefore, real-time temperature monitoring is very important. The humidity sensors are used to monitor the humidity change in the backfill area. The change in humidity directly affects the curing process and strength development of the concrete. Monitoring humidity helps to ensure the uniformity and quality of the concrete curing during the backfill process. The sensor group should be deployed at multiple key backfill positions in the tunnel, especially in areas prone to deformation, temperature fluctuations, or humidity changes. For example, the starting section of the backfill, the middle section of the backfill, and the ending section of the backfill.

[0047] By configuring a predetermined sensor group, during the tunnel backfill construction process, it is possible to obtain real-time monitoring data of key parameters such as concrete fluidity, temperature, and humidity. These data are crucial for controlling the uniformity and safety of the backfill and can provide data support for subsequent backfill parameter optimization and construction process adjustment. Through the real-time feedback of the sensors, it helps to ensure the backfill quality, reduce settlement and deformation, and improve construction efficiency and safety.

[0048] Furthermore, step S20 of the present invention further includes:

[0049] S22: Collect status data of the first backfill result through a predetermined sensor group to obtain a first initial backfill data distribution set; S23: Perform data denoising and cross-validation on the first initial backfill data distribution set respectively to obtain the first backfill data distribution set.

[0050] Specifically, state data of the first backfill result is collected by a predetermined sensor group, that is, during the first-phase backfill construction process, the predetermined sensor group collects data of parameters such as concrete fluidity, temperature, and humidity in real time. These data can detail the information such as the change in concrete fluidity, temperature change, and humidity distribution during the backfill construction process. The real-time data collected by the sensor group will be stored as the first backfill data distribution set. This data set records various types of data at different positions and times during the first-phase backfill process. Then, data denoising and cross-validation are respectively performed on the first initial backfill data distribution set. Among them, since the sensors may be affected by external interference or the complexity of the construction environment during use, the initially collected data may contain noise. Common denoising methods include Kalman filtering, wavelet transform method, etc.; through denoising, errors and noise in the sensor data are removed to ensure more accurate data and avoid the influence of noise on subsequent analysis. Cross-validation is a statistical verification method. By dividing the data into multiple subsets (for example, k-fold cross-validation), the performance of the model on different data sets is evaluated. For backfill data, cross-validation can be used to evaluate the accuracy of the collected data and further verify the reliability of the data. For example, the first initial backfill data is divided into several subsets, and then part of the data is used to train the data processing model, and the remaining part is used to verify the accuracy of the model; in this way, it can be ensured that the collected data is not overfitted or missing, thereby improving its reliability. Whether the data collected by each sensor is consistent through cross-validation. If it is found that there are deviations in the data of some sensors, correction can be performed to ensure the consistency of all data sources. The data processed through denoising and cross-validation will be sorted and synthesized to generate a clean and accurate first backfill data distribution set, which is used as the basic data for optimizing the backfill path and adjusting the construction strategy.

[0051] S30: Combine the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set, and aim to minimize the backfill deformation to optimize the backfill path and pouring thickness in the second phase, and obtain the second optimal backfill parameters.

[0052] Furthermore, step S30 of the present invention further includes:

[0053] S31: Combine the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set to perform simulation modeling and construct the first three-dimensional tunnel space; S32: Randomly select within the pouring thickness threshold according to a predetermined step size to obtain multiple initial pouring thicknesses, and randomly combine them with multiple initial backfill paths to generate multiple second backfill parameters.

[0054] Specifically, a simulation model is built by combining the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set (including data such as the fluidity, temperature, humidity, and settlement deformation data of the backfill position). That is, the collected backfill data such as temperature, humidity, fluidity, and deformation data are used as important parameters for the three-dimensional space modeling of the tunnel to construct a more realistic construction environment. Using finite element analysis or other three-dimensional modeling techniques, a three-dimensional space model of the tunnel is generated based on the tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set.

[0055] Next, according to the tunnel structure and construction requirements, a standard pouring thickness range is set to ensure that each pouring can be evenly distributed and does not exceed the upper limit of the structural bearing capacity. Usually, the threshold of the pouring thickness is set based on factors such as the working performance of the concrete, the mechanical requirements of the support, and the requirements of the tunnel structure. Then, according to the actual engineering needs, the selection step size of the pouring thickness is set. For example, the step size can be 5 mm or 10 mm to refine the selection of the pouring thickness. Within the range of the predetermined step size, multiple pouring thickness values are randomly selected. For example, if the pouring thickness range is 100 mm to 200 mm and the step size is 10 mm, then multiple pouring thicknesses can be randomly selected: 110 mm, 130 mm, 150 mm, etc. Through the previous backfill path optimization stage, multiple possible backfill paths are obtained, and these paths represent different backfill strategies or construction steps. Then, multiple pouring thicknesses and multiple initial backfill paths are combined to generate multiple second backfill parameters. These backfill parameters combine different path selections and pouring thicknesses to form a set of possible backfill schemes. Each combination represents a specific backfill scheme, and each scheme will have different effects on the deformation, settlement, construction efficiency, etc. during the backfill process.

[0056] S33: Using the first three-dimensional space of the tunnel, optimize according to the multiple second backfill parameters and output the second optimal backfill parameters.

[0057] Furthermore, step S33 of the present invention further includes:

[0058] S331: Using the first three-dimensional space of the tunnel, respectively perform backfill operation simulations according to the multiple second backfill parameters and output multiple second backfill simulation deformation data; S332: Calculate multiple second backfill fitnesses based on the multiple second backfill simulation deformation data, and select the second backfill parameters corresponding to the maximum second backfill fitness as the second optimal backfill parameters.

[0059] Specifically, in the first constructed three-dimensional space of the tunnel, the backfilling operation process under each second backfilling parameter is simulated. According to multiple backfilling parameters (such as backfilling path, pouring thickness, etc.), the fluidity, pouring effect, and possible deformations of the concrete during backfilling are simulated. That is, according to different backfilling paths, the flow trajectory, backfilling sequence, and behaviors at each stage of the concrete in the tunnel are simulated. Based on the selection of each pouring thickness value, the settlement, lateral deformation, etc. during pouring are calculated, and the stresses, deformations, displacements, etc. that may occur during pouring are simulated. For example, the settlement deformation reflects the vertical displacement change caused by factors such as pouring thickness and backfilling path during the backfilling process; the lateral deformation reflects the lateral displacement change of the backfilling area during the backfilling process; the uneven deformation reflects the uneven deformation or displacement of the backfilling area due to factors such as backfilling path and pouring thickness. Multiple backfilling simulation deformation data sets are output, and each data set corresponds to a combination of backfilling parameters, including deformation data at different positions and different times. Each simulated deformation data set contains key information such as deformation type, deformation size, and position coordinates.

[0060] Then, for each combination of backfilling parameters, according to the output deformation data (such as settlement, lateral displacement, uneven deformation, etc.), its overall deformation coefficient is calculated; the overall deformation coefficient reflects the comprehensive deformation level during the backfilling process; the backfilling fitness is the reciprocal of the overall deformation coefficient, that is, the smaller the deformation, the greater the fitness. Multiple second backfilling fitness values are calculated. Finally, the fitness values of the multiple backfilling parameters calculated are compared, and the combination of backfilling parameters with the largest fitness value is selected. The higher the fitness value, the smaller the deformation corresponding to the combination of backfilling parameters during the backfilling process, that is, the more superior the scheme. The combination of backfilling parameters with the largest fitness (including backfilling path, pouring thickness, etc.) is selected, and this parameter combination is the second optimal backfilling parameter.

[0061] S40: Execute the second-stage concrete backfilling according to the second optimal backfilling parameter, and continue with the parameter iteration optimization and backfilling operations in subsequent multiple stages until the tunnel backfilling project is completed.

[0062] Furthermore, step S40 of the present invention further includes:

[0063] S41: Execute the second-stage concrete backfilling according to the second optimal backfilling parameter, and construct a second three-dimensional space of the tunnel based on the second backfilling result; S42: Based on the second three-dimensional space of the tunnel, continue with the parameter iteration optimization and backfilling operations in subsequent multiple stages according to the predetermined tunnel backfilling stages until the tunnel backfilling project is completed.

[0064] Specifically, the second-stage concrete backfilling operation is carried out according to the second optimal backfilling parameters (including backfilling path, pouring thickness, backfilling sequence, etc.). During the backfilling process, the fluidity, temperature, humidity and deformation data of the concrete are monitored in real time through the sensor group to ensure precise control of the construction process. Then, according to the actual results of the second-stage backfilling operation and the sensor data collected, the three-dimensional space model of the tunnel is updated, that is, the deformation data after backfilling is collected by the sensor, including settlement, lateral displacement, deformation distribution, etc.; the three-dimensional space of the tunnel is adjusted by using the deformation data to accurately reflect the actual state of the tunnel during the backfilling process; the previous simulation model is corrected according to the backfilling results to ensure that the subsequent backfilling operation is carried out based on the accurate space model. Then, according to the updated three-dimensional space of the second tunnel, the parameter optimization and backfilling operation of multiple subsequent stages are carried out according to the predetermined stages of tunnel backfilling, that is, the tunnel backfilling project is divided into multiple stages, and the backfilling operation and parameter optimization of each stage will be adjusted based on the results of the previous stage. According to the backfilling effect and actual deformation of the previous stage, the backfilling parameters are iteratively optimized at the end of each stage, and the parameters such as backfilling path, pouring thickness and construction sequence are improved to ensure the continuity, stability and safety of the backfilling process until the backfilling project is completed. By continuously carrying out the parameter optimization and backfilling operation of multiple backfilling stages, it is ensured that the backfilling operation of each stage is carried out under the optimal conditions, and the backfilling strategy is dynamically adjusted until the entire tunnel backfilling project is completed.

[0065] In summary, a backfilling deformation control method combining path flow optimization provided by the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0066] Based on the standard pouring thickness, with the goal of minimizing backfilling deformation, the backfilling path optimization of the first stage is carried out according to the current tunnel construction information to determine the first optimal backfilling path; then the first-stage concrete backfilling is carried out according to the standard pouring thickness and the first optimal backfilling path, and the state data of the first backfilling result is collected through a predetermined sensor group to obtain the first backfilling data distribution set; then, combining the current tunnel construction information and the first backfilling data distribution set, with the goal of minimizing backfilling deformation, the backfilling path and pouring thickness optimization of the second stage are carried out to obtain the second optimal backfilling parameters; finally, the second-stage concrete backfilling is carried out according to the second optimal backfilling parameters, and the parameter iterative optimization and backfilling operation of multiple subsequent stages are continued until the tunnel backfilling project is completed. That is to say, by optimizing the backfilling path, controlling the pouring thickness, real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment, the accuracy and uniformity of multi-stage backfilling construction can be ensured, effectively avoiding the structural deformation caused by settlement and significantly improving the quality of backfilling operation.

[0067] Embodiment 2. Based on the same inventive concept as the backfill deformation control method for combined path flow optimization in the foregoing embodiment, the present invention further provides a backfill deformation control system for combined path flow optimization. Please refer to the appended Figure 2 , including: a first backfill path optimization module 11, configured to perform first-stage backfill path optimization based on the standard pouring thickness, with the goal of minimizing backfill deformation, and determine the first optimal backfill path according to the current tunnel construction information; a state data acquisition module 12, configured to perform first-stage concrete backfill according to the standard pouring thickness and the first optimal backfill path, and collect state data on the first backfill result through a predetermined sensor group to obtain a first backfill data distribution set; a second backfill parameter optimization module 13, configured to combine the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set, with the goal of minimizing backfill deformation, perform second-stage backfill path and pouring thickness optimization, and obtain second optimal backfill parameters; a parameter iterative optimization module 14, configured to perform second-stage concrete backfill according to the second optimal backfill parameters, and continue to perform parameter iterative optimization and backfill operations in subsequent multiple stages until the tunnel backfill project is completed.

[0068] Furthermore, the backfill deformation control system for combined path flow optimization is further configured to: obtain the current tunnel construction information, where the tunnel construction information at least includes dimensional characteristics, structural forms, and construction characteristics; perform simulation modeling based on the current tunnel construction information to generate the current tunnel three-dimensional space; use the current tunnel three-dimensional space to perform first-stage backfill path optimization based on the standard pouring thickness, and determine the first optimal backfill path.

[0069] Furthermore, the backfill deformation control system for combined path flow optimization is further configured to: perform backfill path enumeration using the current tunnel three-dimensional space to generate multiple initial backfill paths; within the current tunnel three-dimensional space, perform backfill operation simulations based on the standard pouring thickness according to the multiple initial backfill paths, and output multiple backfill simulation deformation data; calculate multiple backfill fitnesses based on the multiple backfill simulation deformation data, and select the initial backfill path with the maximum backfill fitness as the first optimal backfill path.

[0070] Furthermore, the backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization is also used for: obtaining a plurality of backfill simulated deformation data, wherein each backfill simulated deformation data includes a backfill simulated deformation feature distribution, and each backfill simulated deformation feature is marked with a deformation size, a deformation type and a position coordinate, and the deformation type includes settlement deformation, lateral deformation and non-uniform deformation; analyzing the construction influence degree according to a plurality of position coordinates to determine a plurality of construction influence weights; analyzing and obtaining a settlement deformation weight, a lateral deformation weight and a non-uniform deformation weight based on the deformation type; performing an overall deformation weighted calculation on the plurality of backfill simulated deformation data according to the plurality of construction influence weights, the settlement deformation weight, the lateral deformation weight and the non-uniform deformation weight to obtain a plurality of overall deformation coefficients; calculating a plurality of backfill fitness degrees according to the plurality of overall deformation coefficients, wherein the backfill fitness degree is the reciprocal of the overall deformation coefficient.

[0071] Furthermore, the backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization is also used for: configuring a predetermined sensor group, wherein the predetermined sensor group includes a plurality of monitoring sensor arrays, each monitoring sensor array includes a plurality of sensors of the same type, which are respectively arranged at a plurality of predetermined backfill positions in the tunnel, and the sensor types at least include a concrete flow monitoring sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor.

[0072] Furthermore, the backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization is also used for: collecting state data of the first backfill result through the predetermined sensor group to obtain a first initial backfill data distribution set; respectively performing data denoising and cross-validation on the first initial backfill data distribution set to obtain the first backfill data distribution set.

[0073] Furthermore, the backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization is also used for: combining the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set to perform simulation modeling to construct a first three-dimensional tunnel space; randomly selecting within the pouring thickness threshold according to a predetermined step length to obtain a plurality of initial pouring thicknesses, and randomly combining a plurality of initial backfill paths to generate a plurality of second backfill parameters; using the first three-dimensional tunnel space to perform optimization according to the plurality of second backfill parameters and outputting second optimal backfill parameters.

[0074] Furthermore, the backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization is also used for: using the first three-dimensional tunnel space to respectively perform backfill operation simulation according to the plurality of second backfill parameters and outputting a plurality of second backfill simulated deformation data; calculating a plurality of second backfill fitness degrees according to the plurality of second backfill simulated deformation data, and selecting the second backfill parameter corresponding to the maximum second backfill fitness degree as the second optimal backfill parameter.

[0075] Further, the backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization is further configured to: perform concrete backfill in the second stage according to the second optimal backfill parameters, and construct a three-dimensional space of the second tunnel based on the second backfill result; based on the three-dimensional space of the second tunnel, continue with parameter iterative optimization and backfill operations in multiple subsequent stages according to the predetermined tunnel backfill stage until the tunnel backfill project is completed.

[0076] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is the difference from other embodiments. The method and specific examples of a backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization in the foregoing Embodiment 1 are equally applicable to the backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization in this embodiment. Through the foregoing detailed description of a backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization, those skilled in the art can clearly know the backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization in this embodiment. Therefore, for the sake of simplicity of the specification, it will not be described in detail here. For the system disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple. For the relevant parts, refer to the description in the method section.

[0077] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0078] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention and its equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. The backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization is characterized in that, The method includes: Based on the standard pouring thickness, aiming to minimize the backfill deformation, optimize the backfill path in the first stage according to the current tunnel construction information, and determine the first optimal backfill path; Execute the first-stage concrete backfill according to the standard pouring thickness and the first optimal backfill path, and collect status data of the first backfill result through a predetermined sensor group to obtain the first backfill data distribution set; Combining the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set, aiming to minimize the backfill deformation, optimize the backfill path and pouring thickness in the second stage to obtain the second optimal backfill parameters; Execute the second-stage concrete backfill according to the second optimal backfill parameters, and continue to perform parameter iterative optimization and backfill operations in subsequent multiple stages until the tunnel backfill project is completed.

2. The backfill deformation control method for combined path flow optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that Based on the standard pouring thickness, aiming to minimize the backfill deformation, optimize the backfill path in the first stage according to the current tunnel construction information, and determine the first optimal backfill path, including: Obtain the current tunnel construction information, where the tunnel construction information at least includes dimensional characteristics, structural form, and construction characteristics; Perform simulation modeling according to the current tunnel construction information to generate the current tunnel three-dimensional space; Utilize the current tunnel three-dimensional space to optimize the backfill path in the first stage based on the standard pouring thickness to determine the first optimal backfill path.

3. The backfill deformation control method for optimizing combined path flow according to claim 2, wherein Utilize the current tunnel three-dimensional space to optimize the backfill path in the first stage based on the standard pouring thickness to determine the first optimal backfill path, including: Enumerate the backfill paths using the current tunnel three-dimensional space to generate multiple initial backfill paths; In the current tunnel three-dimensional space, based on the standard pouring thickness, simulate the backfill operations according to the multiple initial backfill paths respectively, and output multiple backfill simulation deformation data; Calculate multiple backfill fitness values according to the multiple backfill simulation deformation data, and select the initial backfill path with the maximum backfill fitness value as the first optimal backfill path.

4. The backfill deformation control method for combined path flow optimization according to claim 3, characterized in that Calculating multiple backfill fitness values according to the multiple backfill simulation deformation data includes: Obtain multiple backfill simulation deformation data, where each backfill simulation deformation data includes a backfill simulation deformation feature distribution, each backfill simulation deformation feature is marked with a deformation size, a deformation type, and a position coordinate, and the deformation types include settlement deformation, lateral deformation, and non-uniform deformation; Analyze the construction influence degree according to multiple position coordinates to determine multiple construction influence weights; Based on the deformation type, analyze and obtain the settlement deformation weight, the lateral deformation weight, and the non-uniform deformation weight; According to the multiple construction influence weights, the settlement deformation weight, the lateral deformation weight, and the non-uniform deformation weight, perform an overall deformation weighted calculation on the multiple backfill simulation deformation data to obtain multiple overall deformation coefficients; Calculate multiple backfill fitness values according to the multiple overall deformation coefficients, where the backfill fitness value is the reciprocal of the overall deformation coefficient.

5. The backfill deformation control method for combined path flow optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that Configure a predetermined sensor group, where the predetermined sensor group includes multiple monitoring sensing arrays, each monitoring sensing array includes multiple sensors of the same type, which are respectively arranged at multiple predetermined backfilling positions in the tunnel, and the sensor types at least include concrete flow monitoring sensors, temperature sensors, and humidity sensors.

6. The backfill deformation control method for combined path flow optimization according to claim 5, characterized in that Collect status data of the first backfilling result through the predetermined sensor group to obtain a first backfilling data distribution set, including: Collect status data of the first backfilling result through the predetermined sensor group to obtain a first initial backfilling data distribution set; Perform data denoising and cross-validation on the first initial backfilling data distribution set respectively to obtain the first backfilling data distribution set.

7. The backfill deformation control method for optimizing combined path flow according to claim 4, characterized in that Combined with the current tunnel construction information and the first backfilling data distribution set, with the goal of minimizing backfilling deformation, perform optimization of the backfilling path and pouring thickness in the second stage to obtain the second optimal backfilling parameters, including: Combined with the current tunnel construction information and the first backfilling data distribution set, perform simulation modeling to construct a three-dimensional space of the first tunnel; Randomly select within the pouring thickness threshold at a predetermined step size to obtain multiple initial pouring thicknesses, and randomly combine them with multiple initial backfilling paths to generate multiple second backfilling parameters; Utilize the three-dimensional space of the first tunnel to perform optimization according to the multiple second backfilling parameters and output the second optimal backfilling parameters.

8. The backfill deformation control method for optimizing combined path flow according to claim 7, characterized in that Utilize the three-dimensional space of the first tunnel to perform optimization according to the multiple second backfilling parameters and output the second optimal backfilling parameters, including: Utilize the three-dimensional space of the first tunnel to perform backfilling operation simulation according to the multiple second backfilling parameters respectively and output multiple second backfilling simulation deformation data; Calculate multiple second backfilling fitnesses based on the multiple second backfilling simulation deformation data, and select the second backfilling parameter corresponding to the maximum second backfilling fitness as the second optimal backfilling parameter.

9. The backfill deformation control method for optimizing combined path flow according to claim 1, wherein Execute the second-stage concrete backfilling according to the second optimal backfilling parameter and continue with parameter iterative optimization and backfilling operations in multiple subsequent stages until the tunnel backfilling project is completed, including: Execute the second-stage concrete backfilling according to the second optimal backfilling parameter and construct a three-dimensional space of the second tunnel based on the second backfilling result; Based on the three-dimensional space of the second tunnel, continue with parameter iterative optimization and backfilling operations in multiple subsequent stages according to the predetermined tunnel backfilling stage until the tunnel backfilling project is completed.

10. The backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization is characterized in that, Steps for implementing the backfilling deformation control method combining path flow optimization according to any one of claims 1 to 9, including: A first backfilling path optimization module, configured to perform first-stage backfilling path optimization based on a standard pouring thickness, with the goal of minimizing backfilling deformation, and determine the first optimal backfilling path according to the current tunnel construction information; A status data collection module, configured to execute the first-stage concrete backfilling according to the standard pouring thickness and the first optimal backfilling path, and collect status data of the first backfilling result through a predetermined sensor group to obtain a first backfilling data distribution set; The second backfill parameter optimization module is used to combine the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set, aiming at minimizing the backfill deformation, to optimize the backfill path and pouring thickness in the second stage, and obtain the second optimal backfill parameters; The parameter iterative optimization module is used to perform the second-stage concrete backfill according to the second optimal backfill parameters, and continue with the parameter iterative optimization and backfill operations in subsequent multiple stages until the tunnel backfill project is completed.

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