Power generation investment planning method considering coupling of capacity market and electric energy market

Abstract

The invention discloses a power generation investment planning method considering coupling of a capacity market and an electric energy market, and relates to the technical field of power generation investment planning. The flexibility and elasticity requirements of the power system are defined as three transaction products of gradeability, inertia and accident recovery ability, and the flexibility and elasticity are brought into the capacity market; coupling of the capacity market and the electric energy market is realized through variable coupling during modeling of the capacity market and the electric energy market; and based on the game theory, solving the investment planning and quotation strategy of the power generation company through the equilibrium model. The method is very suitable for performing system power generation planning guidance on a province which has a high new energy occupation ratio and is subjected to power market operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power generation investment planning in an electric power system, and in particular to a power generation investment planning problem that takes into account the coupling of a capacity market and an electric energy market. Background Art

[0002] In the face of increasingly serious environmental and energy security issues, it has become a global consensus to vigorously develop new energy and promote the construction of a new power system. However, the rapid increase in the proportion of new energy has led to a lack of flexibility and resilience in the power system. This shortage of flexibility and resilience has been confirmed in recent power outages. For example, South Australia experienced a load loss of 1,885 MW and a 50-hour blackout due to lack of inertia and restoration failure. Therefore, some countries have modified existing market mechanisms to meet the needs of flexibility and resilience for the safe operation of the power system. These modifications include revisions to the existing frequency regulation and reserve ancillary service markets, and the introduction of new ancillary service products including flexible ramping and inertia. Under the assumption that resources are sufficient and can be used for real-time dispatch, these market mechanism modifications ensure flexibility and resilience in real-time operation. However, with the rapid increase in the proportion of new energy, new energy generation is generally unable to provide flexibility and resilience, and it is still questionable whether the resources for flexibility and resilience within the power system are sufficient.

[0003] As an effective market mechanism to stimulate investment in power generation units and ensure sufficient power generation capacity, the capacity market has been practiced in many countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom. At present, research on the capacity market mainly focuses on the integration of new power generation resources such as new energy and energy storage systems. Specifically, existing research focuses on how various resources including new energy, energy storage, electric vehicles and demand response participate in the capacity market and how to determine their credible capacity. In addition, some studies have incorporated flexibility and elasticity into the capacity market, but they all focus on a single type of demand. In the context of promoting the construction of a new power system and power market, how to comprehensively consider the flexibility and elasticity needs of the power system and carry out power generation investment planning that considers the coupling of the capacity market and the electric energy market, there is still a lack of reasonable and effective solutions. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for power generation investment planning that takes into account the coupling of capacity market and electric energy market, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A power generation investment planning method considering the coupling of capacity market and electric energy market includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Obtain basic technical data of the system from the power system planning department;

[0008] The basic technical data of the system include: technical parameters of various types of power sources in the power system, existing transmission grid and network parameters, load demand and forecast data of new energy power generation;

[0009] Step 2: With the goal of maximizing the revenue of power generation companies, establish a power generation investment planning model for each power generation company, taking into account the revenue, power generation cost and investment and construction cost of the power generation company in the capacity market and the electric energy market;

[0010] Step 3: Establish clearing models for the capacity market and the electric energy market respectively. In addition to the basic unit capacity, the trading products in the capacity market also include three trading products that support flexibility and elasticity demand: ramping capability, inertia, and accident recovery capability. The impact of energy storage system charging and discharging is considered in the electric energy market. The electric energy market and the capacity market adopt an independent clearing method, and the electric energy market and the capacity market are coupled through the winning bids of each trading product.

[0011] Step 4: Model transformation: Solve the KKT conditions of the power generation investment planning model, capacity market clearing model and electric energy market clearing model of each power generation company respectively to obtain the optimality conditions of the whole problem;

[0012] Step 5: Solve the equilibrium of different power generation companies: Combine the optimality conditions of all models to obtain the investment strategies, bidding strategies and clearing results of capacity markets and electric energy markets of all power generation companies.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the present invention: the step 2 of establishing the power generation investment planning model of the power generation company specifically includes: for a certain power generator, with its own profit maximization as the goal, strategic bidding is carried out, including the income, investment cost and power generation cost of the electric energy market and the capacity market, the objective function is formula (1), and the constraint conditions include the additional capacity constraint of the power generation unit (2) and the unit participation market quotation constraint (3);

[0014] Objective function:

[0015]

[0016] Where: ":" is followed by the dual variable corresponding to the constraint condition;

[0017] ρ k ——Unit investment cost of new units;

[0018] ——New capacity of the unit;

[0019] k,Ω Ka ——Unit number / unit collection of the generating company Ka;

[0020] t,T – index and total number of times;

[0021] ω,π ω ——Scenario number and probability of occurrence;

[0022] C k (·)——the cost of unit k;

[0023] ——The winning bid amount of unit k in the electric energy market / the winning bid amount in the capacity market for capacity support / the winning bid amount in the capacity market for flexibility and elastic support;

[0024] i——region number;

[0025] ——The clearing price of the electric energy market / the clearing price of the capacity market / the clearing price of the ramping capacity of the capacity market / the clearing price of the inertia of the capacity market / the clearing price of the accident recovery capacity of the capacity market in region i at time t;

[0026] ——maximum new capacity / existing installed capacity of unit k;

[0027] ——The maximum new capacity factor of the power generation company Ka;

[0028] ——Flexible capacity, electricity market quotation and its upper limit of capacity / support flexibility in the capacity market.

[0029] As a preferred solution of the present invention: the capacity market and electric energy market clearing model is established in step 3, specifically including:

[0030] Capacity market clearing model:

[0031] The capacity market clearing model takes the maximum social welfare as the optimization goal, that is, the maximum total social surplus as the goal. Through the market clearing model, the system capacity clearing price and various auxiliary service clearing prices for flexibility and elastic support are calculated, and then used for the decision-making of power generation companies. The constraints include formulas (8)-(17), where formula (8) is the node power balance constraint, and the value of its dual variable is used as the marginal price of the node; formula (9) is the unit output constraint, and the output of each unit cannot exceed its upper and lower limits; formula (10) is the unit climbing constraint; formula (11) is the line transmission capacity constraint, which limits the system's forward and reverse power flows to not exceed the limit; formulas (12)-(13) represent the system voltage angle constraint; formulas (14)-(15) are unit start and stop time constraints; formula (16) represents the relationship between unit start and stop and maintenance variables; formula (17) limits the unit start and stop variables to 0-1 variables;

[0032] Objective function:

[0033]

[0034] Where: ":" is followed by the dual variable corresponding to the constraint condition;

[0035] d, D——load curve segment index and total number;

[0036] - Quotes for load curve segment d in capacity market / ramp / inertia / accident recovery;

[0037] - the demand of section d of the load curve;

[0038] ——the capacity / ancillary service capacity available on line ij;

[0039] ——the set of units in area i;

[0040] ——Photovoltaic / wind turbine assembly;

[0041] σ / H / τ——climbing / inertia / accident recovery capacity coefficient;

[0042] α k ——Capacity market upper limit coefficient for unit participation;

[0043] ——the maximum transmission capacity of line ij;

[0044] Electricity Energy Market Modeling:

[0045] The goal of clearing the electric energy market is to maximize social welfare, taking into account that users do not participate in bidding, and taking the minimum bidding profit of the power generation company as the goal, while taking into account the impact of energy storage, as shown in formula (15). The constraints include: unit winning power constraint (16), energy storage charging constraint (17), power balance constraint (18), line transmission capacity constraint (19), energy storage state charging and discharging constraint (20)-(21);

[0046] Objective function:

[0047]

[0048] Where: ":" is followed by the dual variable corresponding to the constraint condition;

[0049] ——Energy storage charging price;

[0050] ——Energy storage charging capacity;

[0051] ——Wind power generation / photovoltaic power generation / unit k winning bid power / line transmission power / load demand / energy storage charging power;

[0052] A l-n ——power flow transfer factor of line l to node n;

[0053] E 0 / E max ——Minimum and maximum energy storage capacity.

[0054] As a preferred solution of the present invention: the model transformation in step 4 specifically includes: solving the KKT conditions of the power generation investment planning model, the capacity market model, and the electric energy market model to form the optimality conditions, specifically including:

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] In addition to the above equality conditions, for the inequality constraints in formulas (1)-(21), which are simply expressed as a≤0:b, there exists a complementary relaxation condition:

[0058]

[0059] Formula (35) is expressed as 0≤-a⊥b≥0(72).

[0060] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention: the step 5 is specifically as follows: solving the final power generation investment planning problem according to the optimality conditions and complementary relaxation conditions (22)-(36) of all power generation companies.

[0061] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0062] The present invention designs a power generation investment planning method that considers the coupling of capacity market and electric energy market, which is used to study the flexibility and elasticity of the power system in the power market environment, stimulate appropriate power generation investment under the premise of ensuring the normal clearing of capacity market and electric energy market, and ensure sufficient flexibility and elasticity of the power system.

[0063] Furthermore, step 2 establishes a decision-making model for a power generation company to carry out investment planning and participate in transactions in the capacity market and the electric energy market, and makes power generation investment decisions while deciding its own bidding behavior. Step 3 establishes a clearing model for the capacity market and the electric energy market, which is the core step of the present invention. The traditional capacity market only includes one trading product, namely power generation capacity. The present invention incorporates the flexibility and elasticity of the power system into the capacity market, and adds three trading products, namely climbing ability, inertia and accident recovery ability, to the capacity market, fully considering the flexibility and elasticity requirements of the system. Step 5 directly solves the planning decision-making problem and the market clearing problem by solving the optimality conditions of all problems, thus overcoming the phenomenon that the iterative algorithm may not converge to one point when solving equilibrium.

[0064] In summary, the present invention proposes a power generation investment planning method that considers the coupling of the capacity market and the electric energy market, which can realize the investment planning guidance and market quotation decision-making of the power generation company and improve the flexibility and elasticity of the system. Compared with the model in which the decision-making model of the power generation company only considers the clearing of the electric energy market, the present invention incorporates flexibility and elasticity into the capacity market, and defines the flexibility and elasticity requirements of the power system as three types: climbing capacity, inertia and accident recovery capacity. By coupling the capacity market and the electric energy market clearing, the investment planning guidance and market quotation decision-making of the power generation company are realized, and the flexibility and elasticity of the power system are effectively improved, which is more in line with the actual problem requirements of the power grid brought about by the rapid increase in the proportion of new energy under the background of the current new power system and power market construction. The present invention can effectively consider the power system's demand for flexibility and elasticity, and improve the system flexibility and elasticity by deciding on the newly installed capacity and the quotation strategies of each market while realizing the normal clearing of the capacity market and the electric energy market. Therefore, the present invention is very suitable for the province with a high proportion of new energy and after the operation of the power market to carry out system power generation planning guidance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] Figure 1 A relationship diagram between various parts involved in a power generation investment planning method considering the coupling of capacity market and electric energy market according to the present invention;

[0066] Figure 2 It is the capacity diagram of the newly built unit in the present invention;

[0067] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the capacity market clearing results in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the capacity market clearing results in Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070] See also Figure 1 In the embodiment of the present invention, when applying the method proposed in the present invention, it is necessary to first obtain the required data from the relevant departments. The calculation model input data obtained from the relevant departments includes the following data:

[0071] The basic technical data of the system include: technical parameters of various types of power sources in the power system, existing transmission grid and network parameters, load demand and new energy power generation forecast data.

[0072] After obtaining the above information from relevant departments, please refer to the attached figure and follow the steps below to carry out power generation investment planning that takes into account the coupling of capacity market and electricity energy market.

[0073] Step 1: Establish a power generation investment planning model for power generation companies, taking into account the bidding decisions of power generation companies in the capacity market and the electric energy market. The decision variables of the model include the newly installed capacity of the power generation company and the quotations in each market.

[0074] For a power company, the goal is to maximize its own profits and conduct strategic bidding, including the income, investment cost and power generation cost of the energy market and capacity market. The objective function is formula (1), and the constraints include the additional capacity constraint of the generator unit (2) and the unit's participation in the market quotation constraint (3).

[0075] Objective function:

[0076]

[0077] Where: “:” is followed by the dual variable corresponding to the constraint condition.

[0078] ρ k ——Unit investment cost of new units;

[0079] ——New capacity of the unit;

[0080] k,Ω Ka ——Unit number / unit collection of the generating company Ka;

[0081] t,T – index and total number of times;

[0082] ω,π ω ——Scenario number and probability of occurrence;

[0083] C k (·)——the cost of unit k;

[0084] ——The winning bid amount of unit k in the electric energy market / the winning bid amount in the capacity market for capacity support / the winning bid amount in the capacity market for flexibility and elastic support;

[0085] i——region number;

[0086] ——The clearing price of the electric energy market / the clearing price of the capacity market / the clearing price of the ramping capacity of the capacity market / the clearing price of the inertia of the capacity market / the clearing price of the accident recovery capacity of the capacity market in region i at time t;

[0087] ——maximum new capacity / existing installed capacity of unit k;

[0088] ——The maximum new capacity factor of the power generation company Ka;

[0089] ——Flexible capacity, electricity market quotation and its upper limit of capacity / support flexibility in the capacity market.

[0090] Step 2: Establish capacity market and electricity market clearing models, including:

[0091] 2.1: Capacity Market Clearing Model

[0092] The capacity market clearing model takes the maximum social welfare as the optimization goal, that is, the maximum total social surplus as the goal. Through the market clearing model, the system capacity clearing price and various auxiliary service clearing prices for flexibility and elastic support can be calculated, and then used for power generation company decision-making. The constraints include (8)-(17), where (8) is the node power balance constraint, and the value of its dual variable is used as the marginal price of the node; (9) is the unit output constraint, and the output of each unit cannot exceed its upper and lower limits; (10) is the unit ramp constraint; (11) is the line transmission capacity constraint, which limits the forward and reverse power flows of the system to not exceed the limit; (12)-(13) represent the system voltage angle constraint, and node 1 is selected as the voltage angle reference node; (14)-(15) are unit start and stop time constraints; (16) represents the relationship between unit start and stop and maintenance variables; (17) limits the unit start and stop variables to 0-1 variables.

[0093] Objective function:

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] Where: ":" is followed by the dual variable corresponding to the constraint condition;

[0097] d, D——load curve segment index and total number;

[0098] - Quotes for load curve segment d in capacity market / ramp / inertia / accident recovery;

[0099] - the demand of section d of the load curve;

[0100] ——the capacity / ancillary service capacity available on line ij;

[0101] ——the set of units in area i;

[0102] ——Photovoltaic / wind turbine assembly;

[0103] σ / H / τ——climbing / inertia / accident recovery capacity coefficient;

[0104] α k ——Capacity market upper limit coefficient for unit participation;

[0105] ——the maximum transmission capacity of line ij;

[0106] 2.2: Electricity Market Modeling

[0107] The goal of clearing the electricity market is to maximize social welfare. Considering that users do not participate in bidding, the goal is to minimize the bidding revenue of the power generation company, while considering the impact of energy storage, as shown in formula (15). The constraints include: unit bidding power constraint (16), energy storage charging constraint (17), power balance constraint (18), line transmission capacity constraint (19), and energy storage state charging and discharging constraint (20)-(21).

[0108] Objective function:

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] Where: ":" is followed by the dual variable corresponding to the constraint condition;

[0112] ——Energy storage charging price;

[0113] ——Energy storage charging capacity;

[0114] ——Wind power generation / photovoltaic power generation / unit k winning bid power / line transmission power / load demand / energy storage charging power;

[0115] A l-n ——power flow transfer factor of line l to node n;

[0116] E 0 / E max ——Minimum and maximum energy storage capacity.

[0117] Step 3: Model transformation, solving the KKT conditions of the three models (power generation investment planning model, capacity market model, and electric energy market model) to form optimality conditions. Specifically including:

[0118]

[0119]

[0120] In addition to the above equality conditions, for the inequality constraints in formulas (1)-(21), which are simply expressed as a≤0:b, there exists a complementary relaxation condition:

[0121]

[0122] Formula (35) can be expressed as

[0123] 0≤-a⊥b≥0 (108)

[0124] Step 4: Solve the final power generation investment planning problem based on the optimality conditions and complementary slack conditions (22)-(36) of all power generation companies.

[0125] Example Analysis

[0126] In order to verify the effectiveness of the method proposed in the present invention, two regional power systems are selected for calculation and analysis. The power load of the two regions is 200MW, and the regions are interconnected through a tie line. The power generation companies and installed capacities of the two regions are shown in Table 1.

[0127] Table 1 Power generator information

[0128]

[0129]

[0130] Design comparison example:

[0131] Example 1: The transmission capacity of the regional interconnection line is 50MW;

[0132] Example 2: The transmission capacity of the regional interconnection line is 10MW.

[0133] The specific example results are as follows Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown. It can be seen that in both examples, the RE investment capacity in Region 2 has reached the upper limit. This is because RE has a low marginal cost and has significant advantages in the electric energy market, and the existing installed capacity of RE in Region 2 is lower than that in Region 1, so investment in Region 2 has higher profitability. In addition, in Example 1, due to sufficient transmission capacity, the two regions can obtain more flexibility and elastic capacity through new units, so both regions have some new thermal power unit capacity. On the contrary, when the transmission capacity of the interconnection line in Example 2 is insufficient, both regions maintain the original thermal power installed capacity unchanged, and the new RE capacity in Region 1 decreases significantly, because the line transmission capacity limits the profitability of the new installed capacity.

[0134] Figure 3 and Figure 4 The power generation capacity and the configuration capacity supporting flexibility and elasticity are given. As shown in the figure, the total winning bid and transmission line sum of power generation capacity, ramping capacity, inertia and accident recovery capacity in region 1 is smaller than that in region 2. This is because the proportion of new energy units in the existing installed capacity in region 1 is very high, reaching more than 60%, and the reliable capacity of new energy units is relatively low; the number of thermal power units that can provide reliable capacity in region 2 is higher, so the corresponding capacity is higher. Figure 3 and Figure 4 ,Due to the constraints of transmission line capacity, in Example 2, region 1 has a new energy unit providing power generation capacity, while in Example 1, the corresponding capacity can be provided by thermal power.

[0135] In summary, the method proposed in the present invention can effectively guide power generation investment planning considering the coupling of capacity market and electric energy market.

[0136] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0137] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A power generation investment planning method considering the coupling of capacity market and electric energy market, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Obtain basic technical data of the system from the power system planning department; The basic technical data of the system include: technical parameters of various types of power sources in the power system, existing transmission grid and network parameters, load demand and forecast data of new energy power generation; Step 2: With the goal of maximizing the revenue of power generation companies, establish a power generation investment planning model for each power generation company, taking into account the revenue, power generation cost and investment and construction cost of the power generation company in the capacity market and the electric energy market; Step 3: Establish clearing models for the capacity market and the electric energy market respectively. In addition to the basic unit capacity, the trading products in the capacity market also include three trading products that support flexibility and elasticity demand: ramping capability, inertia, and accident recovery capability. The impact of energy storage system charging and discharging is considered in the electric energy market. The electric energy market and the capacity market adopt an independent clearing method, and the electric energy market and the capacity market are coupled through the winning bids of each trading product. Step 4: Model transformation: Solve the KKT conditions of the power generation investment planning model, capacity market clearing model and electric energy market clearing model of each power generation company respectively to obtain the optimality conditions of the whole problem; Step 5: Solve the equilibrium of different power generation companies: Combine the optimality conditions of all models to obtain the investment strategies, bidding strategies and clearing results of capacity markets and electric energy markets of all power generation companies.

2. A power generation investment planning method considering the coupling of capacity market and electric energy market according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 2 of establishing the power generation investment planning model of the power generation company specifically includes: for a certain power generator, a strategic bidding is carried out with the goal of maximizing its own profit, including the income, investment cost and power generation cost of the electric energy market and the capacity market, the objective function is formula (1), and the constraints include the additional capacity constraint of the power generation unit (2) and the unit participation in the market quotation constraint (3); Objective function: st Where: ":" is followed by the dual variable corresponding to the constraint condition; ρ k ——Unit investment cost of new units; ——New capacity of the unit; k,Ω Ka ——Unit number / unit collection of the generating company Ka; t,T – index and total number of times; ω,π ω ——Scenario number and probability of occurrence; C k (·)——the cost of unit k; ——The winning bid amount of unit k in the electric energy market / the winning bid amount in the capacity market for capacity support / the winning bid amount in the capacity market for flexibility and elastic support; i——region number; ——The clearing price of the electric energy market / the clearing price of the capacity market / the clearing price of the ramping capacity of the capacity market / the clearing price of the inertia of the capacity market / the clearing price of the accident recovery capacity of the capacity market in region i at time t; ——maximum new capacity / existing installed capacity of unit k; ——The maximum new capacity factor of the power generation company Ka; ——Flexible capacity, electricity market quotation and its upper limit of capacity / support flexibility in the capacity market.

3. A power generation investment planning method considering the coupling of capacity market and electric energy market according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step 3 establishes a capacity market and an electric energy market clearing model, which specifically includes: Capacity market clearing model: The capacity market clearing model takes the maximum social welfare as the optimization goal, that is, the maximum total social surplus as the goal. Through the market clearing model, the system capacity clearing price and various auxiliary service clearing prices for flexibility and elastic support are calculated, and then used for the decision-making of power generation companies. The constraints include formulas (8)-(17), where formula (8) is the node power balance constraint, and the value of its dual variable is used as the marginal price of the node; formula (9) is the unit output constraint, and the output of each unit cannot exceed its upper and lower limits; formula (10) is the unit climbing constraint; formula (11) is the line transmission capacity constraint, which limits the system's forward and reverse power flows to not exceed the limit; formulas (12)-(13) represent the system voltage angle constraint; formulas (14)-(15) are unit start and stop time constraints; formula (16) represents the relationship between unit start and stop and maintenance variables; formula (17) limits the unit start and stop variables to 0-1 variables; Objective function: st Where: ":" is followed by the dual variable corresponding to the constraint condition; d, D——load curve segment index and total number; - Quotes for load curve segment d in capacity market / ramp / inertia / accident recovery; - the demand of section d of the load curve; ——the capacity / ancillary service capacity available on line ij; ——the set of units in area i; ——Photovoltaic / wind turbine assembly; σ / H / τ——climbing / inertia / accident recovery capacity coefficient; α k ——Capacity market upper limit coefficient for unit participation; ——the maximum transmission capacity of line ij; Electricity Energy Market Modeling: The goal of clearing the electricity market is to maximize social welfare, taking into account that users do not participate in bidding, and taking the minimum bidding profit of the power generation company as the goal, while taking into account the impact of energy storage, as shown in formula (15). The constraints include: unit winning power constraint (16), energy storage charging constraint (17), power balance constraint (18), line transmission capacity constraint (19), energy storage state charging and discharging constraint (20)-(21); Objective function: st Where: ":" is followed by the dual variable corresponding to the constraint condition; ——Energy storage charging price; ——Energy storage charging capacity; ——Wind power generation / photovoltaic power generation / unit k winning bid power / line transmission power / load demand / energy storage charging power; A l-n ——power flow transfer factor of line l to node n; E 0 / E max ——Minimum and maximum energy storage capacity.

4. A method for power generation investment planning considering the coupling of capacity market and electric energy market according to claim 3, characterized in that: The model transformation in step 4 specifically includes: solving the KKT conditions of the power generation investment planning model, the capacity market model, and the electric energy market model to form the optimality conditions, specifically including: In addition to the above equality conditions, for the inequality constraints in formulas (1)-(21), which are simply expressed as a≤0:b, there exists a complementary relaxation condition: Formula (35) is expressed as 0≤-a⊥b≥0(36).

5. A method for power generation investment planning considering the coupling of capacity market and electric energy market according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step 5 is specifically as follows: solving the final power generation investment planning problem according to the optimality conditions and complementary relaxation conditions (22)-(36) of all power generation companies.

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