Tunnel structure monitoring method and system, readable storage medium and computer equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel structure monitoring, in particular to a tunnel structure monitoring method and system, a readable storage medium and computer equipment. The tunnel structure monitoring method comprises the following steps: acquiring tunnel geologic features and tunnel structure features; based on the tunnel geological features and the tunnel structure features, pre-selecting a plurality of tunnel structure monitoring sections, endowing the pre-selected tunnel structure monitoring sections with weight values, and setting a first preset value; and constructing a monitoring project library comprising at least one sub-monitoring project, and configuring at least one sub-monitoring project for the section of the tunnel structure monitoring section of which the weight value is greater than a first preset value based on the monitoring project library and the tunnel geologic features. According to the tunnel structure monitoring method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the sub-monitoring items are configured for the section of the specific monitoring section based on the comparison of the weight value and the first preset value, so that the monitoring resources can be distributed in a targeted manner according to the actual condition of the tunnel, blind investment is avoided, and reasonable utilization of the resources is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel structure monitoring, and in particular, to a tunnel structure monitoring method, system, readable storage medium and computer device. Background Art

[0002] As an important transportation infrastructure, the safety and stability of tunnels are directly related to the smooth flow of transportation and the safety of people's lives and property. Tunnel disease monitoring is an important measure to ensure the construction safety of tunnels during construction and driving safety during operation. The type of tunnel disease occurrence is closely related to the tunnel geological conditions and tunnel structure. In the prior art, tunnel disease monitoring usually adopts a comprehensive monitoring method, that is, comprehensive and continuous monitoring of the tunnel's geological conditions and structure during the tunnel construction and operation periods. However, this comprehensive monitoring method often leads to excessive monitoring when the geological conditions are good and the tunnel structure is stable, resulting in excessively high monitoring equipment costs and waste of resources. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a tunnel structure monitoring method, system, readable storage medium and computer equipment. The tunnel structure monitoring method can reasonably allocate monitoring resources and avoid excessive monitoring while ensuring tunnel safety.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a tunnel structure monitoring method, comprising:

[0005] Obtain tunnel geological characteristics and tunnel structural characteristics;

[0006] Based on the tunnel geological characteristics and the tunnel structural characteristics, a number of tunnel structure monitoring sections are pre-selected, and weight values ​​are assigned to the pre-selected tunnel structure monitoring sections to set a first preset value;

[0007] A monitoring item library including at least one sub-monitoring item is constructed, and based on the monitoring item library and the tunnel geological characteristics, at least one sub-monitoring item is configured for the section at the tunnel structure monitoring section having a weight value greater than a first preset value.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, it also includes:

[0009] The monitoring results of the sections at the monitoring sections of the tunnel structures are obtained, the corresponding warning levels are matched to the sections at the monitoring sections of the tunnel structures that meet the warning conditions, and response processing corresponding to the warning levels is performed.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the step of obtaining tunnel geological characteristics and tunnel structural characteristics includes:

[0011] Obtain the surrounding rock grade, as well as the tunnel bias section, tunnel shallow buried section, tunnel intersection section, tunnel deformation section, tunnel lining damage section, tunnel high ground stress section or tunnel section with serious damage.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the step of preselecting a plurality of tunnel structure monitoring sections based on the tunnel geological characteristics and the tunnel structure characteristics, and assigning weight values ​​to the preselected tunnel structure monitoring sections, and setting the first preset value comprises:

[0013] Preselect the tunnel bias section, the tunnel shallow buried section, the tunnel intersection section, the tunnel deformation section, the tunnel lining damage section, the tunnel high ground stress section, and the tunnel section with serious damage;

[0014] The surrounding rock grade is Ⅴ Under the condition of level 1, a weighted value of 0.16 is assigned to the sections at the biased section of the tunnel, the sections at the shallow buried section of the tunnel, the sections at the deformation section of the tunnel, the sections at the lining damage section of the tunnel, the sections at the high ground stress section of the tunnel and the sections at which serious damages have occurred in the tunnel, and the first preset value is set to be less than 0.16.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the step of assigning a weight value to the preselected tunnel structure monitoring section and setting the first preset value further comprises:

[0016] The surrounding rock grade is Ⅳ Under the condition of level 1, a weighted value of 0.2 is assigned to the sections at the intersection of the tunnel, the deformation section of the tunnel, the lining damage section of the tunnel, the high ground stress section of the tunnel and the section of the tunnel with serious damage, and the first preset value is set to be less than 0.2.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the step of assigning a weight value to the preselected tunnel structure monitoring section and setting the first preset value further comprises:

[0018] The surrounding rock grade is Ⅲ Under the condition of level 1, a weighted value of 0.5 is assigned to the section at the high ground stress section of the tunnel and the section at the section where serious damage has occurred in the tunnel, and the first preset value is set to be less than 0.5.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, the monitoring project library includes: vault settlement monitoring and horizontal convergence monitoring; in a tunnel construction environment, the tunnel perimeter convergence and vault settlement are monitored by using reflectors and a total station; in a tunnel operation environment, laser targets are installed around the tunnel and the vault, and a laser displacement meter is installed on the opposite side of the laser target, so that the laser of the laser displacement meter propagates between two points to measure the relative displacement between the two points, thereby monitoring the tunnel perimeter convergence and vault settlement;

[0020] And / or, the monitoring project library includes: primary support and surrounding rock contact pressure monitoring;

[0021] And / or, the monitoring project library includes: primary support and secondary lining contact pressure monitoring;

[0022] And / or, the monitoring project library includes: initial support steel structure stress monitoring;

[0023] And / or, the monitoring project library includes: stress monitoring of secondary lining steel structure;

[0024] And / or, the monitoring project library includes: axial force monitoring of anchor rods;

[0025] And / or, the monitoring project library includes: surrounding rock deep displacement monitoring;

[0026] And / or, the monitoring project library includes: surrounding rock deep stress monitoring;

[0027] And / or, the monitoring project library includes: monitoring of ground settlement above the tunnel;

[0028] And / or, the monitoring project library includes: monitoring of the strain of the secondary lining surface;

[0029] And / or, the monitoring project library includes: groundwater leakage monitoring in tunnels.

[0030] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a tunnel structure monitoring system, comprising:

[0031] A monitoring module is configured to obtain monitoring parameters of a section at a monitoring section of a tunnel structure;

[0032] A feedback module, configured to feed back the monitoring result of the monitoring module;

[0033] A communication module, configured to establish a communication connection between the feedback module and the monitoring module;

[0034] The project configuration module is configured to pre-select monitoring sections, assign weights, set first preset values, and after constructing a monitoring project library, configure at least one sub-monitoring project for a monitoring section whose weight value is greater than the first preset value based on the library and geological characteristics.

[0035] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the program, when executed by a processor, implements the tunnel structure monitoring method as described in any of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0036] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the tunnel structure monitoring method as described in any of the foregoing embodiments is implemented.

[0037] The tunnel structure monitoring method provided in the embodiment of the present application pre-selects monitoring sections and assigns weight values ​​through analysis of tunnel geological characteristics and tunnel structural characteristics, and configures sub-monitoring projects for specific monitoring section sections based on the comparison of the weight values ​​with the first preset value, so as to allocate monitoring resources in a targeted manner according to the actual situation of the tunnel, avoid blind investment, and realize the rational use of resources. The tunnel structure monitoring method provided in the embodiment of the present application is not a comprehensive and high-intensity monitoring of all parts of the tunnel in the traditional sense, but focuses on configuring monitoring projects for monitoring sections with weight values ​​greater than the first preset value based on the geological and structural characteristics of the tunnel, effectively avoiding the waste of resources caused by excessive monitoring and reducing monitoring costs.

[0038] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent specific implementation section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of one embodiment of a tunnel structure monitoring method provided by the present application;

[0041] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the implementation of the vault settlement monitoring and horizontal convergence monitoring of a tunnel structure monitoring method provided in this application;

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the implementation of axial force monitoring of anchor rods in a tunnel structure monitoring method provided in the present application;

[0043] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the implementation of one of the sub-monitoring items of a tunnel structure monitoring method provided in this application;

[0044] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the implementation of primary support and secondary lining contact pressure monitoring of a tunnel structure monitoring method provided in this application;

[0045] Figure 6A schematic diagram of the implementation of the ground settlement monitoring above the tunnel of a tunnel structure monitoring method provided in the present application;

[0046] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the implementation of the second lining surface strain monitoring of a tunnel structure monitoring method provided in this application;

[0047] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of one embodiment of a tunnel structure monitoring system provided by the present application;

[0048] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a computer device provided in the present application.

[0049] icon:

[0050] 100-monitoring module; 200-feedback module; 300-communication module; 350-project configuration module;

[0051] 400- memory; 500- processor; 600- computer program;

[0052] 710-vault settlement monitoring point; 720-horizontal convergence measuring line; 730-horizontal convergence monitoring point; 740-anchor rod; 750-anchor rod dynamometer; 760-multi-point displacement meter; 770-hollow inclusion stress gauge; 780-pressure box; 790-surface settlement monitoring point; 792-surface above the tunnel; 810-fiber Bragg grating surface-bonded strain sensor; 910-secondary lining; 920-primary support; 930-surrounding rock. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0054] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use, which is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0055] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0056] The embodiments of the present application provide a tunnel structure monitoring method, system, readable storage medium and computer device, which can reasonably allocate monitoring resources and avoid excessive monitoring under the premise of ensuring tunnel safety.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a tunnel structure monitoring method, the steps of which include:

[0058] S100: Acquire tunnel geological characteristics and tunnel structural characteristics.

[0059] In specific implementation, the geological characteristics and structural characteristics of the tunnel can be obtained from the tunnel design drawings, tunnel engineering geology and hydrogeological survey reports, site seismic safety evaluation reports, construction logs, construction monitoring reports, relevant information on tunnel handover / completion acceptance, tunnel maintenance and repair information, operation monitoring reports, operation safety accidents, etc. Of course, direct exploration and measurement can also be used to obtain the geological characteristics and structural characteristics of the tunnel.

[0060] S200: Based on the geological characteristics and structural characteristics of the tunnel, pre-select a number of tunnel structure monitoring sections, assign weight values ​​to the pre-selected tunnel structure monitoring sections, and set a first preset value.

[0061] In a specific implementation, the first preset value is used to compare with the weight value corresponding to the tunnel structure monitoring section.

[0062] S300: construct a monitoring item library including at least one sub-monitoring item, and based on the monitoring item library and tunnel geological characteristics, configure at least one sub-monitoring item for a section at a tunnel structure monitoring section having a weight value greater than a first preset value.

[0063] In specific implementation, the cross section at the monitoring section of the tunnel structure is the cross section of the tunnel structure perpendicular to the axial direction.

[0064] Therefore, in the tunnel structure monitoring method provided in the embodiment of the present application, by analyzing the geological characteristics and structural characteristics of the tunnel, the monitoring section is pre-selected and assigned a weight value, and based on the comparison of the weight value with the first preset value, the sub-monitoring project is configured for the cross section of the specific monitoring section, so that the monitoring resources can be allocated in a targeted manner according to the actual situation of the tunnel, avoiding blind investment and realizing the rational use of resources. The tunnel structure monitoring method provided in the embodiment of the present application is not a comprehensive and high-intensity monitoring of all parts of the tunnel in the traditional sense, but is based on the geological and structural characteristics of the tunnel, focusing on the monitoring section with a weight value greater than the first preset value for monitoring project configuration, effectively avoiding the waste of resources caused by excessive monitoring and reducing the monitoring cost.

[0065] This method is based on the analysis of the geological and structural characteristics of the tunnel, accurately locates the parts that need to be monitored, and configures corresponding sub-monitoring items. It can timely discover possible safety hazards in the tunnel structure and provide strong guarantees for the safe operation of the tunnel.

[0066] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the steps of the tunnel structure monitoring method further include:

[0067] S400: Acquire monitoring results of sections at each tunnel structure monitoring section, match corresponding warning levels to sections at the tunnel structure monitoring section that meet warning conditions, and execute response processing corresponding to the warning level.

[0068] In specific implementation, the warning level can be divided into, for example, Level I (yellow warning), Level II (orange warning) and critical value warning (red warning).

[0069] For different warning levels, corresponding response measures can be constructed, as shown in the following table:

[0070]

[0071] In specific implementation, the classification standards of tunnel structure lining deformation standards are shown in the following table:

[0072]

[0073] It should be understood that the tunnel monitoring results obtained are related to the tunnel monitoring project, and the response processing corresponding to the monitoring results is related to the tunnel monitoring project. The tunnel structure deformation monitoring results obtained above are only examples, and other monitoring results can also be obtained, such as lining crack monitoring shown in the following table:

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] By obtaining real-time monitoring results of each monitoring section, abnormal changes in the tunnel structure can be discovered in a timely manner. Once the monitoring data reaches the warning condition, the system can immediately match the corresponding warning level and trigger the preset response processing flow to ensure that abnormal situations are responded to quickly.

[0077] The division of warning levels enables different levels of anomalies to correspond to different response measures, avoiding a "one-size-fits-all" approach and improving the pertinence and efficiency of the response.

[0078] By analyzing the monitoring results of each monitoring section, the specific locations of safety hazards in the tunnel structure can be accurately located, providing clear targets for subsequent maintenance and reinforcement.

[0079] The matching of warning levels provides managers with a scientific basis for decision-making, helps to formulate reasonable maintenance plans, and avoids waste of resources or safety hazards caused by excessive or insufficient maintenance.

[0080] The graded warning mechanism enables maintenance resources to be concentrated in high-risk areas, avoiding excessive investment in low-risk areas, thereby reducing overall maintenance costs.

[0081] Therefore, in the monitoring method provided in the embodiment of the present application, by obtaining monitoring results, matching warning levels and executing response processing, the tunnel monitoring method not only improves the timeliness and accuracy of warning response, but also enhances the scientificity and effectiveness of tunnel safety management. The hierarchical warning mechanism and targeted response processing make the monitoring process more reasonable, help reduce accident risks and maintenance costs, improve emergency response capabilities, and provide strong guarantees for the safe operation of tunnels.

[0082] In one embodiment, S100 may include:

[0083] S110: Obtaining tunnel geological characteristics, such as surrounding rock grade, and tunnel structural characteristics, such as tunnel bias section, tunnel shallow buried section, tunnel intersection section, tunnel deformation section, tunnel lining damage section, tunnel high ground stress section, or tunnel section with serious damage.

[0084] In one embodiment, S200 may include:

[0085] S210: Pre-select tunnel eccentric pressure section, tunnel shallow buried section, tunnel intersection section, tunnel deformation section, tunnel lining damage section, tunnel high ground stress section, and tunnel section with serious damage.

[0086] Of course, it is understandable that the tunnel structure may include one or more of the above tunnel structure features. For example, some tunnel structures may obtain tunnel structure features including tunnel bias section, tunnel shallow buried section, and tunnel intersection section. For another example, some tunnel structures may obtain tunnel structure features including tunnel deformation section, tunnel lining damage section, tunnel high ground stress section, and tunnel section with serious damage. Therefore, when pre-selecting several tunnel structure monitoring sections, it is only necessary to pre-select the tunnel structure features possessed by the tunnel structure.

[0087] S220: In the surrounding rock grade Ⅴ Under the condition of level 1, a weighted value of 0.16 is assigned to the sections at the tunnel bias section, the tunnel shallow buried section, the tunnel deformation section, the tunnel lining damage section, the tunnel high ground stress section and the tunnel section with serious damage, and the first preset value is set to be less than 0.16.

[0088] In specific implementation, for example, the tunnel structure features include tunnel bias section, tunnel shallow buried section, tunnel deformation section, tunnel intersection section, tunnel lining damage section, tunnel high ground stress section and tunnel section with serious disease. When monitoring, it is necessary to monitor the cross-sections at each section. Therefore, when the surrounding rock grade is Ⅴ Under the condition of level 1, a weighted value of 0.16 is assigned to the sections at the tunnel bias section, the tunnel shallow buried section, the tunnel deformation section, the tunnel lining damage section, the tunnel high ground stress section and the tunnel section with serious damage, and a weighted value of 0.04 is assigned to the sections at the tunnel intersection section. Therefore, the sections at the tunnel bias section, the tunnel shallow buried section, the tunnel deformation section, the tunnel lining damage section, the tunnel high ground stress section and the tunnel section with serious damage whose weighted values ​​are all greater than the first preset value are monitored, and there is no need to monitor the sections at the tunnel intersection section.

[0089] In one embodiment, S200 may further include:

[0090] S230: In the surrounding rock grade Ⅳ Under the condition of level 1, a weighted value of 0.2 is assigned to the sections at the tunnel intersection, the tunnel deformation section, the tunnel lining damage section, the tunnel high ground stress section and the tunnel section with serious damage, and the first preset value is set to be less than 0.2.

[0091] In a specific implementation, for example, the tunnel structural characteristics of the tunnel structure include a shallow buried section, a tunnel intersection section, a tunnel deformation section, a tunnel lining damage section, a tunnel high ground stress section and a tunnel section with serious damage; a weighted value of 0.2 is assigned to the sections at the tunnel intersection section, the sections at the tunnel deformation section, the sections at the tunnel lining damage section, the sections at the tunnel high ground stress section and the sections at the tunnel with serious damage, and a weighted value of 0 is assigned to the sections at the shallow buried section of the tunnel. Therefore, the sections at the tunnel intersection section, the sections at the tunnel deformation section, the sections at the tunnel lining damage section, the sections at the tunnel high ground stress section and the sections at the tunnel with serious damage whose weighted values ​​are all greater than the first preset value are monitored, and there is no need to monitor the sections at the shallow buried section of the tunnel.

[0092] In one embodiment, S200 may further include:

[0093] S240: In the surrounding rock grade Ⅲ Under the condition of level 1, a weighted value of 0.5 is assigned to the sections in the tunnel at the high ground stress section and the sections in the tunnel at the section with serious damage, and the first preset value is set to be less than 0.5.

[0094] In a specific implementation, for example, the tunnel structural characteristics of the tunnel structure include a tunnel lining damage section, a tunnel high ground stress section, and a tunnel section with serious damage; a weighted value of 0.5 is assigned to the section at the tunnel high ground stress section and the section at the tunnel with serious damage, and a weighted value of 0 is assigned to the section at the tunnel lining damage section; therefore, the sections at the tunnel high ground stress section and the section at the tunnel with serious damage whose weighted values ​​are greater than the first preset value are monitored, and there is no need to monitor the section at the tunnel lining damage section.

[0095] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the monitoring project library includes vault settlement monitoring and horizontal convergence monitoring; in a tunnel construction environment, the tunnel perimeter convergence and vault settlement are monitored by reflectors and a total station; in a tunnel operation environment, laser targets are installed around the tunnel and on the vault, and a laser displacement meter is installed on the opposite side of the laser target, so that the laser of the laser displacement meter propagates between two points to measure the relative displacement between the two points, thereby monitoring the tunnel perimeter convergence and vault settlement.

[0096] like Figure 2 As shown, a vault settlement monitoring point 710 is set on the tunnel vault, and a horizontal convergence monitoring point 730 is set on both sides symmetrically of the waist of the tunnel. Initially, the horizontal convergence monitoring points 730 set on both sides and at the same height are located on the horizontal convergence measuring line 720 set at the same level.

[0097] Of course, vault settlement monitoring and horizontal convergence can also be monitored by manual measurement, such as using a tape measure, vernier caliper, level, laser profiler, etc.

[0098] In one embodiment, the monitoring project library includes contact pressure monitoring of primary support 920 and surrounding rock 930 .

[0099] The initial support 920 is the initial support structure during tunnel construction.

[0100] like Figure 5 As shown, in a specific implementation, a pressure box 780 can be set between the primary support 920 and the surrounding rock 930 to perform pressure detection.

[0101] In one embodiment, the monitoring item library includes primary support 920 and secondary lining 910 contact pressure monitoring.

[0102] In specific implementation, Figure 5 As shown, a pressure box 780 may be provided between the primary support 920 and the secondary lining 910 for pressure detection.

[0103] In one embodiment, the monitoring project library includes primary support 920 steel structure stress monitoring.

[0104] In specific implementation, the stress monitoring of the initial support 920 steel structure is used to monitor the changes in the stress of the initial support 920 steel structure. The rebar meter is symmetrically fixed on the inner and outer flanges of the initial support 920 steel frame by welding. The wire is extended and protected, the initial value is read and recorded, and the internal force of the lining is obtained by combining the later monitoring value with the initial value.

[0105] In one embodiment, the monitoring project library includes stress monitoring of the second lining 910 steel structure;

[0106] In specific implementation, the stress monitoring of the secondary lining 910 steel structure is used to detect the stress changes of the steel structure in the secondary lining 910. The steel bar meter is symmetrically fixed on the inner and outer main bars of the secondary lining 910 steel mesh by welding, and the wire is extended and protected. The initial value is read and recorded, and the internal force of the secondary lining 910 steel structure is obtained by combining the later monitoring value with the initial value.

[0107] In one embodiment, stress monitoring may also be performed on the concrete structures of the primary support 920 and the secondary lining 910 .

[0108] During specific implementation, the concrete structures of the primary support 920 and the secondary lining 910 can be monitored for stress by using a concrete stress meter, thereby obtaining changes in concrete stress.

[0109] The concrete stress gauge is fixed on the connecting bars of the primary support 920 and the secondary lining 910 steel mesh by binding.

[0110] The working element of the steel bar gauge and concrete stress gauge is a special steel string. Changes in external pressure or tension will cause changes in the length of the steel string, and the steel bar and concrete stress can be calculated based on the frequency of the steel string.

[0111] In one embodiment, the monitoring project library includes: axial force monitoring of the anchor rod 740 .

[0112] In specific implementation, the monitoring of the axial force of anchor rod 740 is used to obtain the magnitude of the axial force of anchor rod 740, as well as the change of the axial force of anchor rod 740 along the entire length or the change of the axial force at the end of prestressed anchor rod 740 as the service time of the tunnel increases. The purpose of monitoring is to understand the working state of prestressed anchor rod 740 in areas with special geological conditions, its load change, and its prestress loss; according to the change of the axial force of anchor rod 740 and the position change of the neutral point, the range of the loosening circle of surrounding rock 930 and the stability and change trend of tunnel surrounding rock 930 are judged, the monitoring results are fed back in time, and potential problems are dealt with in time, so as to optimize the surrounding rock 930 support system.

[0113] The neutral point is the critical point of the stress state of the anchor rod 740 in the surrounding rock 930, and its mechanical characteristics are:

[0114] Shear stress is zero: the shear stress at the interface between the anchor 740 and the surrounding rock 930 disappears at this point.

[0115] The axial tensile stress is the largest: the axial force of anchor rod 740 reaches its peak at this point and gradually decreases toward both ends.

[0116] In order to understand the magnitude and change of the axial force along the entire length of anchor rod 740, adjust the design parameters of anchor rod 740, and provide a reference for subsequent construction and maintenance operations, the axial force of anchor rod 740 must be monitored. Anchor rod dynamometer 750 should be used to measure the axial force of anchor rod 740. Cut anchor rod 740 into multiple sections, connect anchor rod dynamometer 750 to anchor rod 740 sections through sleeve mechanical connection, and then connect them section by section and push them into the hole of anchor rod 740. After anchor rod dynamometer 750 is installed and positioned, the initial value of the instrument should be measured in time and recorded and archived, and the lead-out cable of the instrument should be strictly protected.

[0117] The measurement point arrangement of anchor rod 740 is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, 5 to 7 representative anchor rods 740 are selected at the arch crown, arch waist and side wall of each section to monitor the axial force of the entire length of the anchor rod 740, and the interval between the measuring points on each anchor rod 740 is 1m.

[0118] In one embodiment, the monitoring project library includes: deep displacement monitoring of surrounding rock 930 .

[0119] In specific implementation, deep displacement monitoring of surrounding rock 930 is used to detect the displacement situation in the rock mass around the tunnel. According to the displacement situation in the rock mass around the tunnel, the displacement change law, change range and relaxation range of surrounding rock 930 are obtained. The regularity of special displacement changes in structural parts is studied, and the rock stress field and mechanical parameters are reversely analyzed based on the displacement measurement results, and the stability of surrounding rock 930 is predicted to serve construction safety.

[0120] In order to understand the displacement change law of the surrounding rock 930 and the relaxation range of the surrounding rock 930 during excavation, predict the stability of the surrounding rock 930, and guide the construction, it is necessary to monitor the displacement of the surrounding rock 930. Figure 4 As shown, the displacement of the surrounding rock 930 is measured by a multi-point displacement meter 760, the working principle of which is that the anchor heads at different depths in the borehole are anchored to the hole wall by grouting or hydraulic anchoring. When the surrounding rock 930 is displaced along the axis of the borehole, the displacement is transmitted to the sensor at the hole mouth through the steel rod (or steel wire) connected to the anchor head, and a voltage or frequency change proportional to the displacement is obtained and displayed on the display, and then the electrical measurement signal is converted into the displacement.

[0121] During construction, holes are drilled at the face according to the designed angle and hole diameter. The drilling depth is 1m deeper than the deepest anchor head. After drilling, the hole should be cleaned and the drilling depth, azimuth and inclination should be remeasured to ensure accuracy. The anchor head, force transfer rod, force transfer rod protection, anchor head, grouting pipe, exhaust pipe, etc. are assembled in a flat and clean location and then placed in the drilled hole. Afterwards, sensors and other equipment are installed as required and grouting is carried out.

[0122] In one embodiment, the monitoring project library includes: deep stress monitoring of surrounding rock 930 .

[0123] like Figure 5 As shown, in a specific implementation, a hollow inclusion stress gauge 770 is used to monitor the deep stress of the surrounding rock 930.

[0124] In one embodiment, the monitoring project library includes: settlement monitoring of the ground surface 792 above the tunnel.

[0125] In the specific implementation, the deformation of the ground surface 792 above the tunnel is measured during the construction process; the impact of tunnel excavation on the surrounding environment is understood and prevented in time. By analyzing the deformation data, the deformation measurement information is fed back in time, and the relevant information of the deformation measurement is provided, so as to facilitate the scientific and reasonable arrangement of the next construction process and achieve the purpose of safe construction.

[0126] The main monitoring items of the 792 settlement monitoring project on the ground surface above the tunnel are Ⅴ The surface settlement above the 930 section of the surrounding rock. Figure 6As shown, a row of surface settlement monitoring points 790 are arranged along the center line of the tunnel, and 7-11 surface settlement monitoring points 790 are arranged in each transverse monitoring section. The surface settlement monitoring points 790 on the cross section are arranged according to the principle of close proximity and far sparseness. The monitoring instrument for the surface settlement monitoring project 792 above the tunnel is a DS1 level.

[0127] When the distance L between the tunnel excavation face and the monitoring section is ≤2B, the monitoring frequency is 1 time / day to 2 times / day.

[0128] When the distance between the tunnel excavation face and the monitoring section is 2B≤L≤5B, the monitoring frequency is once a day.

[0129] When the distance L between the tunnel excavation face and the monitoring section is ≥5B, the monitoring frequency is once a week, and once a month after it is basically stable. (B: tunnel diameter or span; L: horizontal distance between the excavation face and the surface settlement monitoring point 790) When abnormal conditions occur, the monitoring frequency should be increased.

[0130] In one embodiment, the monitoring project library includes: monitoring of the surface strain of the second lining 910 .

[0131] When implementing the second lining 910 surface strain monitoring project, a stress gauge can be set on the inner surface of the second lining 910 to obtain the surface strain of the second lining 910. According to the surface strain of the second lining 910, the real-time changes of stress and strain around the tunnel can be known to ensure tunnel safety.

[0132] The monitoring module 100 for obtaining the surface stress of the second lining 910 is a fiber grating surface-adhered strain sensor 810; Figure 7 As shown, the fiber Bragg grating surface-mounted strain sensor 810 mainly includes three parts: the sensing part, the transmission fiber and the fiber Bragg grating demodulator. Since the fiber Bragg grating can be made into different central wavelengths, multiple gratings can be conveniently connected in series on the same optical path to form a distributed stress measurement chain. Then, the stress change around the hole is obtained through modulation and demodulation.

[0133] The fiber grating surface-bonded strain sensor 810 uses a fiber composite material as a base material and can be directly bonded to a metal or non-metal surface to measure strain without causing damage to the measured object itself, making it convenient for long-term observation.

[0134] In one embodiment, the monitoring project library includes: groundwater leakage monitoring in a tunnel.

[0135] During the specific implementation process, pH test paper, thermometer, etc. can be used to monitor groundwater leakage in tunnels.

[0136] It is understood that different parts of the tunnel can be monitored depending on the surrounding rock grade, as shown in the following table:

[0137]

[0138] According to the surrounding rock grade, determine the test items, as shown in the following table:

[0139]

[0140] Continuation table:

[0141]

[0142] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application also provide a tunnel structure monitoring system, such as Figure 8 As shown, the system includes a monitoring module 100 , a feedback module 200 , a project configuration module 350 and a communication module 300 .

[0143] The monitoring module 100 is configured to obtain monitoring parameters of the section at the monitoring section of the tunnel structure. The monitoring module 100 is the fiber Bragg grating surface-bonded strain sensor 810, hollow inclusion stress gauge 770, steel bar gauge, anchor dynamometer 750, etc. shown in the above embodiment.

[0144] The feedback module 200 is configured to feed back the monitoring result of the monitoring module 100. The feedback module 200 is, for example, a display, a player and / or a light-emitting element.

[0145] The communication module 300 is configured to establish a communication connection between the feedback module 200 and the monitoring module 100. The communication connection is, for example, a wired communication connection and / or a wireless communication connection. The wired communication connection can be achieved through the wired communication module 300. The wireless communication connection can be achieved through the wireless communication module 300.

[0146] Exemplarily, the wired communication module 300 includes, but is not limited to: an Ethernet module, a USB (Universal Serial Bus) module, a serial port module, an IEEE 1394 / FireWire module or an optical fiber module.

[0147] Exemplarily, the wireless communication module 300 includes but is not limited to: a cellular communication module, a Wi-Fi module, a Bluetooth module, a ZigBee module (ZigBee Wireless Module), a LoRa (Long Range) module, a NB-IoT (Narrowband Internet of Things) module, a UWB (Ultra-Wideband) module, an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) module, an infrared communication module, a satellite communication module, an RF wireless data communication module or a 2.4 GHz wireless transceiver module, etc.

[0148] The project configuration module 350 is configured to pre-select monitoring segments, assign weights, set first preset values, and after constructing a monitoring project library, configure at least one sub-monitoring project for a monitoring segment section whose weight value is greater than the first preset value based on the library and geological characteristics.

[0149] In a third aspect, the present application also provides a computer device, such as Fig. 9 As shown, the computer device includes a memory 400, a processor 500, and a computer program 600 stored in the memory 400 and executable on the processor 500. When the processor 500 executes the computer program 600, the above-mentioned tunnel structure monitoring method is implemented.

[0150] The memory 400 includes at least one type of readable storage medium, and the readable storage medium includes a flash memory, a hard disk, a multimedia card, a card-type memory (for example, an SD or DX memory, etc.), a magnetic memory, a disk, an optical disk, etc. In some embodiments, the memory 400 may be an internal storage unit of a computer device, such as a hard disk of the computer device. In other embodiments, the memory 400 may also be an external storage device, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (SmartMediaCard, SMC), a secure digital (Secure Digital, SD) card, a flash card (Flash Card), etc. Further, the memory 400 may also include both an internal storage unit of a computer device and an external storage device. The memory 400 may be used not only to store application software and various types of data installed in the computer device, but also to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

[0151] Among them, in some embodiments, the processor 500 can be an electronic control unit (Electronic Control Unit, abbreviated as ECU, also known as a vehicle computer), a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor or other data processing chip, used to run the program code stored in the memory 400 or process data, such as executing access restriction programs.

[0152] It should be pointed out that Fig. 9 The structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the computer device. In other embodiments, the computer device may include fewer or more components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently.

[0153] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further proposes a readable storage medium on which a computer program 600 is stored, and when the program is executed by the processor 500, the tunnel structure monitoring method as described above is implemented.

[0154] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, may be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and may be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device, or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including the processor 500, or other system that can fetch instructions from and execute instructions to an instruction execution system, device, or apparatus), or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices, or apparatuses. For purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" may be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices, or apparatuses.

[0155] More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wirings (electronic device), a portable computer disk case (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a fiber optic device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be a paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, deciphering or processing in other suitable ways as necessary, and then stored in the computer memory 400.

[0156] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiment, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in the memory 400 and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or a combination thereof: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0157] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of this application may be combined with each other.

[0158] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A tunnel structure monitoring method, characterized in that: include: Obtain tunnel geological characteristics and tunnel structural characteristics; Based on the tunnel geological characteristics and the tunnel structural characteristics, a number of tunnel structure monitoring sections are pre-selected, and weight values ​​are assigned to the pre-selected tunnel structure monitoring sections to set a first preset value; A monitoring item library including at least one sub-monitoring item is constructed, and based on the monitoring item library and the tunnel geological characteristics, at least one sub-monitoring item is configured for the section at the tunnel structure monitoring section having a weight value greater than a first preset value.

2. The tunnel structure monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The monitoring results of the sections at the monitoring sections of the tunnel structures are obtained, the corresponding warning levels are matched to the sections at the monitoring sections of the tunnel structures that meet the warning conditions, and response processing corresponding to the warning levels is performed.

3. The tunnel structure monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the tunnel geological characteristics and tunnel structural characteristics comprises: Obtain the surrounding rock grade, as well as the tunnel bias section, tunnel shallow buried section, tunnel intersection section, tunnel deformation section, tunnel lining damage section, tunnel high ground stress section or tunnel section with serious damage.

4. The tunnel structure monitoring method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of preselecting a plurality of tunnel structure monitoring sections based on the tunnel geological characteristics and the tunnel structure characteristics, assigning weight values ​​to the preselected tunnel structure monitoring sections, and setting the first preset value comprises: Preselect the tunnel bias section, the tunnel shallow buried section, the tunnel intersection section, the tunnel deformation section, the tunnel lining damage section, the tunnel high ground stress section, and the tunnel section with serious damage; The surrounding rock grade is Ⅴ Under the condition of level 1, a weighted value of 0.16 is assigned to the sections at the biased section of the tunnel, the sections at the shallow buried section of the tunnel, the sections at the deformation section of the tunnel, the sections at the lining damage section of the tunnel, the sections at the high ground stress section of the tunnel and the sections at which serious damages have occurred in the tunnel, and the first preset value is set to be less than 0.

16.

5. The tunnel structure monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of assigning a weight value to the preselected tunnel structure monitoring section and setting a first preset value further comprises: The surrounding rock grade is Ⅳ Under the condition of level 1, a weighted value of 0.2 is assigned to the sections at the intersection of the tunnel, the deformation section of the tunnel, the lining damage section of the tunnel, the high ground stress section of the tunnel and the section of the tunnel with serious damage, and the first preset value is set to be less than 0.

2.

6. The tunnel structure monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of assigning a weight value to the preselected tunnel structure monitoring section and setting a first preset value further comprises: The surrounding rock grade is Ⅲ Under the condition of level 1, a weighted value of 0.5 is assigned to the section at the high ground stress section of the tunnel and the section at the section where serious damage has occurred in the tunnel, and the first preset value is set to be less than 0.

5.

7. The tunnel structure monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring project library includes: vault settlement monitoring and horizontal convergence monitoring; in the environment of tunnel construction, the tunnel perimeter convergence and vault settlement are monitored by reflectors and total stations; in the environment of tunnel operation, laser targets are installed around the tunnel and the vault, and laser displacement meters are installed on the opposite side of the laser targets, so that the laser of the laser displacement meter propagates between two points to measure the relative displacement between the two points, thereby monitoring the tunnel perimeter convergence and vault settlement; And / or, the monitoring project library includes: primary support and surrounding rock contact pressure monitoring; And / or, the monitoring project library includes: primary support and secondary lining contact pressure monitoring; And / or, the monitoring project library includes: initial support steel structure stress monitoring; And / or, the monitoring project library includes: stress monitoring of secondary lining steel structure; And / or, the monitoring project library includes: axial force monitoring of anchor rods; And / or, the monitoring project library includes: surrounding rock deep displacement monitoring; And / or, the monitoring project library includes: surrounding rock deep stress monitoring; And / or, the monitoring project library includes: monitoring of ground settlement above the tunnel; And / or, the monitoring project library includes: monitoring of the strain of the secondary lining surface; And / or, the monitoring project library includes: groundwater leakage monitoring in tunnels.

8. A tunnel structure monitoring system, characterized in that: include: A monitoring module (100) is configured to obtain monitoring parameters of a section at a monitoring section of a tunnel structure; A feedback module (200) configured to feed back the monitoring result of the monitoring module (100); A communication module (300) configured to establish a communication connection between the feedback module (200) and the monitoring module (100); The project configuration module (350) is configured to pre-select monitoring segments and assign weights, set a first preset value, and after constructing a monitoring project library, configure at least one sub-monitoring project for a monitoring segment section whose weight value is greater than the first preset value based on the library and geological characteristics.

9. A readable storage medium having a computer program (600) stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed by the processor (500), the tunnel structure monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. A computer device comprising a memory (400), a processor (500), and a computer program (600) stored in the memory (400) and executable on the processor (500), characterized in that: When the processor (500) executes the computer program (600), the tunnel structure monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

Images