Buried pipeline early warning method and system based on satellite remote sensing

Abstract

The invention discloses a buried pipeline early warning method and system based on satellite remote sensing, and relates to the field of buried pipelines, and the method comprises the following steps: (1) obtaining a multi-source satellite remote sensing image which comprises a high-resolution optical image and a multi-time sequence SAR image; and (2) processing and risk grading are carried out on the optical image and the SAR image respectively. According to the active buried pipeline anti-damage early warning method based on the combination of a ground high-precision Beidou positioning system and a remote sensing technology, information of a construction site, construction machinery and the like is automatically extracted by using a high-resolution remote sensing image; position information of a third-party construction machine is accurately obtained through a vehicle-mounted Beidou high-precision positioning system installed on the construction machine, remote monitoring is conducted on the third-party construction machine through the intelligent cloud control technology, meanwhile, settlement monitoring is conducted on an area through radar data, active early warning is conducted on buried pipeline damage through combination of multiple means, and the construction machine is monitored in a real-time mode. Passive protection is changed into active protection, and damage to the pipeline is reduced to the maximum extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of buried pipelines, and in particular to a buried pipeline early warning method and system based on satellite remote sensing. Background Art

[0002] As an important infrastructure for energy transportation, buried pipelines are the "lifeline" of economic and social development. With the continuous development of urbanization, the scale of pipeline networks has expanded significantly. In the context of the era of pipelines, safety hazards such as third-party damage and geological disasters are becoming increasingly serious. Once damage occurs, it is very easy to cause accidents such as fire and explosion, causing major property and life safety threats to the people around. At present, pipeline safety detection methods mainly rely on detection technology based on pipeline operating parameters and pipe wall status. After a leakage accident occurs, an alarm is issued in a passive manner. Some scholars have proposed using a distributed fiber optic security system to use optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) technology to measure, analyze, monitor and locate physical quantities (vibration, stress, temperature) around the optical fiber to provide early warning protection for third-party construction.

[0003] The existing technology relies on pipeline operating parameters and pipe wall conditions for detection, which has a certain effect on pipeline leakage detection, but can only give an alarm after a leakage accident occurs. The energy waste, environmental pollution and other direct and indirect losses caused by the leakage are irreversible. The distributed fiber optic security system is difficult to lay, costly, and noisy in the later stage. It has many difficulties and adverse effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an underground pipeline early warning method and system based on satellite remote sensing. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems that the existing technology relies on pipeline operation parameters and pipe wall status for detection, which has a certain effect on pipeline leakage detection, but can only give an alarm after the leakage accident occurs. The energy waste, environmental pollution and other direct and indirect losses caused by the leakage are irreversible. The distributed optical fiber security system is difficult to lay, costly, and noisy in the later stage, and has many difficulties and adverse effects. A buried pipeline early warning method and system based on satellite remote sensing is provided.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a buried pipeline early warning method and system based on satellite remote sensing, comprising the following steps: (1) Acquire multi-source satellite remote sensing images, including high-resolution optical images and multi-time series SAR images; (2) Processing and risk classification of optical images and SAR images respectively; (3) Issue early warnings for third-party damage risks and geological disaster risks with higher risk levels, and send warning information to the mobile phones of on-site staff; (4) When on-site staff receive third-party damage risk warning information, they should immediately stop the operation of the construction machinery and verify the location of the construction machinery and pipelines to ensure that no damage is caused to the pipelines. When on-site staff receive geological disaster warning information, they should conduct on-site inspections to confirm whether there is a risk of damage to the pipelines.

[0006] Preferably, in step (2), risk grading using optical images includes the following process: S1. Perform basic image preprocessing operations on optical images, including radiometric calibration, atmospheric correction, and panchromatic and multispectral image fusion; S2, interpreting the pre-processed optical image to extract the construction site and construction machinery in the image; S3. Install high-precision Beidou positioning terminals on construction machinery to obtain the location information of construction vehicles in real time. The relevant information of the positioning terminals is transmitted to the data center through the wireless network for unified management; S4. Perform buffer analysis and overlay analysis in GIS spatial analysis on the pipeline data and the location data of the construction machinery to obtain the real-time location relationship between the construction machinery and the pipeline; S5. Define different third-party damage risk levels based on the real-time location of the construction machinery and the distance between the pipelines.

[0007] Preferably, in step (2), risk grading of SAR images includes the following process: S1. Perform SAR complex image registration, and use professional software to register the main image and the auxiliary image; S2, generating interference pattern: performing complex conjugate multiplication on the pixels with the same name of the main and auxiliary images of each interference pair, and using external DEM data to remove the influence of terrain phase, to obtain a differential interference pattern; S3, using the Goldstein filtering method to filter out the interference pattern noise; S4, phase unwrapping: determine the number of integer cycles based on the principal value of the phase difference of the differential interferogram to obtain the true phase of the surface deformation; S5, using polynomial optimization method to refine and re-level the track; S6, converting the phase value into a deformation value, obtaining a deformation distribution diagram, and calculating parameters such as deformation amount and deformation rate; S7. Different geological disaster risk levels are defined according to the values ​​of deformation amount and deformation rate in the area.

[0008] Preferably, the high-resolution optical image is an image taken by a high-resolution optical satellite, and the multi-time series SAR image is a remote sensing technology that obtains ground information by actively transmitting radar signals and receiving reflected signals. The multi-time series analysis of SAR images mainly involves the use of synthetic aperture radar interferometry technology.

[0009] Preferably, in step S1, radiation calibration is a key process for converting the voltage or digital quantization value recorded by the satellite sensor into a radiation brightness value. The process can be divided into two methods: absolute radiation calibration and relative radiation calibration. Atmospheric correction is a process for eliminating the radiation error caused by the atmospheric influence and inverting the true surface reflectivity of the ground object. Atmospheric correction includes absolute atmospheric correction and relative atmospheric correction. The fusion of optical image panchromatic and multispectral images combines the high spatial resolution of the panchromatic image with the rich spectral information of the multispectral image to generate an image with both high spatial resolution and rich spectral information.

[0010] Preferably, in step S3, the Beidou positioning system carried by the Beidou positioning terminal is composed of a space end, a ground end and a user end, and can provide high-precision, high-reliability positioning, navigation and timing services for various users around the world around the clock, and has short message communication capabilities, and has preliminary regional navigation, positioning and timing capabilities.

[0011] Preferably, in step S1, SAR complex image registration is an important step in synthetic aperture radar data processing, which involves spatially aligning multiple SAR images to ensure that they have the same geographic reference frame, thereby allowing subsequent analysis and processing.

[0012] Preferably, in step S2, the preparation of the SAR interferogram mainly involves several key steps, including image registration, removal of flat ground phase, removal of atmospheric delay phase, and phase unwrapping.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention is based on the active buried pipeline anti-destruction early warning method combined with the ground high-precision Beidou positioning system and remote sensing technology, uses high-resolution remote sensing images to automatically extract information such as construction sites and construction machinery, accurately obtains the location information of third-party construction machinery through the vehicle-mounted Beidou high-precision positioning system installed on the construction machinery, uses intelligent cloud control technology to remotely monitor it, and uses radar data to monitor the settlement of the area. Through a combination of multiple means, active early warning is carried out for the destruction of buried pipelines, and passive protection is changed to active protection, which minimizes the damage to the pipeline, and avoids the waste of resources after pipeline damage and the waste of manpower during pipeline repair, reduces the risk of safety accidents, and does not require huge human and material resources throughout the process. Through remote cloud monitoring of construction machinery, its location information can be accurately obtained. By analyzing remote sensing images, large-scale monitoring can be carried out at one time, and information acquisition is convenient and efficient, saving time and effort. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of the buried pipeline anti-external damage early warning method based on "navigation + remote sensing" satellite. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] See also Figure 1 , a buried pipeline early warning method and system based on satellite remote sensing, comprising the following steps: (1) Acquire multi-source satellite remote sensing images, including high-resolution optical images and multi-time series SAR images; (2) Processing and risk classification of optical images and SAR images respectively; (3) Issue early warnings for third-party damage risks and geological disaster risks with higher risk levels, and send warning information to the mobile phones of on-site staff; (4) When on-site staff receive third-party damage risk warning information, they should immediately stop the operation of the construction machinery and verify the location of the construction machinery and pipelines to ensure that no damage is caused to the pipelines. When on-site staff receive geological disaster warning information, they should conduct on-site inspections to confirm whether there is a risk of damage to the pipelines.

[0017] Example 1 As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: in step (2), risk grading using optical images includes the following process: S1. Perform basic image preprocessing operations on optical images, including radiometric calibration, atmospheric correction, and panchromatic and multispectral image fusion; S2, interpreting the pre-processed optical image to extract the construction site and construction machinery in the image; S3. Install high-precision Beidou positioning terminals on construction machinery to obtain the location information of construction vehicles in real time. The relevant information of the positioning terminals is transmitted to the data center through the wireless network for unified management; S4. Perform buffer analysis and overlay analysis in GIS spatial analysis on the pipeline data and the location data of the construction machinery to obtain the real-time location relationship between the construction machinery and the pipeline; S5. Define different third-party damage risk levels based on the real-time location of the construction machinery and the distance between the pipelines; Use high-resolution remote sensing images to automatically extract information such as construction sites and construction machinery. Use the Beidou high-precision positioning system installed on the construction machinery to accurately obtain the location information of third-party construction machinery. Use intelligent cloud control technology to remotely monitor it. At the same time, use radar data to monitor regional settlement. Through a combination of various means, active early warning of buried pipeline damage is carried out. The buried pipeline anti-destruction method based on the combination of GPS positioning technology and remote sensing technology can provide early warning of third-party damage and geological disaster risks to avoid damage to buried pipelines to the greatest extent. When on-site staff receive third-party damage risk warning information, they immediately stop the construction machinery operation and verify the location of the construction machinery and pipeline to ensure that no damage is caused to the pipeline; when on-site staff receive geological disaster warning information, they confirm whether there is a risk of damage to the pipeline through on-site verification.

[0018] Example 2 As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: in step (2), risk grading of SAR images includes the following process: S1. Perform SAR complex image registration, and use professional software to register the main image and the auxiliary image; S2, generating interference pattern: performing complex conjugate multiplication on the pixels with the same name of the main and auxiliary images of each interference pair, and using external DEM data to remove the influence of terrain phase, to obtain a differential interference pattern; S3, using the Goldstein filtering method to filter out the interference pattern noise; S4, phase unwrapping: determine the number of integer cycles based on the principal value of the phase difference of the differential interferogram to obtain the true phase of the surface deformation; S5, using polynomial optimization method to refine and re-level the track; S6, converting the phase value into a deformation value, obtaining a deformation distribution diagram, and calculating parameters such as deformation amount and deformation rate; S7. Different geological disaster risk levels are defined according to the values ​​of deformation amount and deformation rate of the region; Risk grading is carried out through SAR images. The main image and the auxiliary image are registered using professional software. The pixels with the same name of each interference pair are complex conjugate multiplied, and the influence of terrain phase is removed by external DEM data to obtain a differential interference map. The interference map noise is filtered out using the Goldstein filtering method. The number of whole cycles is determined based on the main value of the differential interference map phase difference to obtain the true phase of the surface deformation. The polynomial optimization method is used for orbit refinement and re-leveling. The phase value is converted into a deformation value to obtain a deformation distribution map, and parameters such as the deformation variable and deformation rate are calculated, so that different geological hazard risk levels can be defined according to the values ​​of the deformation variable and deformation rate in the area.

[0019] Example 3 As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the high-resolution optical image is an image taken by a high-resolution optical satellite, the multi-time series SAR image is a remote sensing technology that obtains ground information by actively transmitting radar signals and receiving reflected signals, and the multi-time series analysis of SAR images mainly involves the use of synthetic aperture radar interferometry technology; Gaofen satellites have achieved significant innovations in optical remote sensing technology. By integrating different imaging modes, such as panchromatic and multispectral imaging, they have achieved high resolution and wide coverage of earth observation. Panchromatic cameras provide higher-definition images, while multispectral cameras can capture spectral information in different bands, providing rich data support for applications such as surface cover type identification, vegetation condition analysis, and environmental pollution monitoring. The integration of technologies has improved data availability and enhanced the depth and breadth of remote sensing analysis. SAR interferometry technology is a technology that uses phase and amplitude information in SAR images to extract surface deformation information. Compared with traditional methods, the use of InSAR technology to monitor surface deformation of transmission channels has the advantages of wide coverage, all-day and all-weather observation, high measurement accuracy, and low measurement cost. Time-series InSAR technology is a new type of SAR image processing technology. By screening pixels in SAR images and removing interference items, higher solution accuracy can be obtained. In actual applications, the deformation accuracy of its measurement can reach centimeters or even millimeters.

[0020] Example 4 As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: in step S1, radiation calibration is a key process of converting the voltage or digital quantization value recorded by the satellite sensor into a radiation brightness value. The process can be divided into two modes: absolute radiation calibration and relative radiation calibration. Atmospheric correction is a process of eliminating the radiation error caused by the influence of the atmosphere and inverting the true surface reflectivity of the ground object. Atmospheric correction includes absolute atmospheric correction and relative atmospheric correction. Optical image panchromatic and multispectral image fusion is to combine the high spatial resolution of the panchromatic image with the rich spectral information of the multispectral image to generate an image with both high spatial resolution and rich spectral information. Radiometric calibration and atmospheric correction: The purpose of these two steps is to eliminate the influence of the atmosphere and sensor on the image brightness value to obtain the true surface reflectivity or radiometric brightness value. Through these processes, atmospheric interference and sensor errors can be reduced to improve the authenticity and accuracy of the image. Absolute atmospheric correction aims to obtain the true surface radiation. It simulates the transmission process of radiation in the atmosphere, determines the interference of atmospheric scattering and absorption, and realizes atmospheric correction through the radiation transmission model. Relative atmospheric correction does not aim to obtain the true surface radiation, but aims to eliminate the difference in image radiation values ​​caused by atmospheric changes. It compares remote sensing images of different phases or different areas, corrects the difference in radiation values ​​between images, and makes it They maintain consistency in certain metrics, mainly using low-reflectivity targets or stable targets such as lake water bodies in the image to achieve relative atmospheric correction. The relative atmospheric correction method is suitable for situations where radiation value differences rather than absolute radiation values ​​need to be considered. The significance of atmospheric correction: Improve data accuracy: Atmospheric correction helps to accurately obtain the true radiation values ​​of surface targets and improve the accuracy of remote sensing data; Ensure data consistency: Relative atmospheric correction ensures that data remains consistent in certain metrics by comparing images at different times or in different regions, which facilitates time series and cross-regional data comparisons; Deal with atmospheric influences: The influence of the Earth's atmosphere is one of the common challenges in remote sensing, and atmospheric correction effectively deals with the negative impact of the atmosphere on optical remote sensing images.

[0021] Example 5 As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: in step S3, the Beidou positioning system carried by the Beidou positioning terminal is composed of a space terminal, a ground terminal and a user terminal, and can provide high-precision, high-reliability positioning, navigation and timing services for various users around the world all day and all day, and has short message communication capabilities, and has initially possessed regional navigation, positioning and timing capabilities; The Beidou satellite navigation system consists of three parts: the space end, the ground end and the user end. The space end includes 5 geostationary orbit satellites and 30 non-geostationary orbit satellites. The ground end includes several ground stations such as the master control station, injection station and monitoring station. The user end is composed of Beidou user terminals and terminals compatible with other satellite navigation systems such as the US GPS, Russia's GLONASS, and the EU's GALILEO.

[0022] Example 6 As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: in step S1, SAR complex image registration is an important step in synthetic aperture radar data processing, which involves spatially aligning multiple SAR images to ensure that they have the same geographic reference frame, thereby allowing subsequent analysis and processing; The complex nature of SAR images makes their registration process special, and the consistency of amplitude and phase information needs to be considered. The main purpose of SAR image registration is to extract high-resolution ground information for applications such as surface change detection and topography measurement. Due to the characteristics of the SAR system, such as the presence of coherent speckle noise, as well as factors such as spatial baseline errors and atmospheric state changes that may be encountered during data processing, the accuracy and efficiency of registration directly affect the accuracy and reliability of the final data. In the process of SAR image registration, commonly used methods include edge feature-based methods and registration methods based on fine geographic grids.

[0023] Example 7 As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: in step S2, the preparation of the SAR interferogram mainly involves several key steps, including image registration, removal of flat ground phase, removal of atmospheric delay phase, and phase unwrapping; Image registration: This is to make the paired pixels in the two images correspond to the same target. The registered images must ensure the coherence of the two SAR images. The general registration process is a two-step operation from coarse to fine to meet the sub-pixel registration accuracy requirements; Removal of flat ground phase: Since the interference pattern is not only a function of the target height hhh, but also a function of the target horizontal distance yyy, even the ground without height will produce interference fringes that are dense near and sparse far away. Therefore, it is necessary to select a reference plane to remove the flat ground interference phase; Atmospheric delay phase removal: In repeated orbit interferometry, the atmospheric conditions are usually inconsistent during the two imagings, so there is also a phase caused by the difference in atmospheric delays in the differential interferogram (mainly considering the influence of the ionosphere) The influence of the ionosphere on the carrier signal delay depends not only on the charged particle concentration, but also on the carrier frequency. The influence of the ionosphere delay on the interference of SAR images in different bands is different; Phase unwrapping: The phase change is based on a period of 2π2\pi2π, so as long as the phase change exceeds 2π2\pi2π, the phase will restart and cycle. Phase unwrapping is to unwrap the phase after deflating and filtering to make it correspond to the linearly changing terrain information and solve the problem of 2π2\pi2π ambiguity. It is one of the core steps of interferometric imaging. In order to optimize the quality of the interferogram, different filtering methods can also be used, such as Adaptive, Boxcar, Goldstein and other methods.

[0024] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A buried pipeline early warning method and system based on satellite remote sensing, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Acquire multi-source satellite remote sensing images, including high-resolution optical images and multi-time series SAR images; (2) Processing and risk classification of optical images and SAR images respectively; (3) Issue early warnings for third-party damage risks and geological disaster risks with higher risk levels, and send warning information to the mobile phones of on-site staff; (4) When on-site staff receive third-party damage risk warning information, they should immediately stop the operation of the construction machinery and verify the location of the construction machinery and pipelines to ensure that no damage is caused to the pipelines. When on-site staff receive geological disaster warning information, they should conduct on-site inspections to confirm whether there is a risk of damage to the pipelines.

2. The buried pipeline early warning method and system based on satellite remote sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), risk grading using optical images includes the following process: S1. Perform basic image preprocessing operations on optical images, including radiometric calibration, atmospheric correction, and panchromatic and multispectral image fusion; S2, interpreting the pre-processed optical image to extract the construction site and construction machinery in the image; S3. Install high-precision Beidou positioning terminals on construction machinery to obtain the location information of construction vehicles in real time. The relevant information of the positioning terminals is transmitted to the data center through the wireless network for unified management; S4. Perform buffer analysis and overlay analysis in GIS spatial analysis on the pipeline data and the location data of the construction machinery to obtain the real-time location relationship between the construction machinery and the pipeline; S5. Define different third-party damage risk levels based on the real-time location of the construction machinery and the distance between the pipelines.

3. The buried pipeline early warning method and system based on satellite remote sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), risk grading of SAR images includes the following process: S1. Perform SAR complex image registration, and use professional software to register the main image and the auxiliary image; S2, generating interference pattern: performing complex conjugate multiplication on the pixels with the same name of the main and auxiliary images of each interference pair, and using external DEM data to remove the influence of terrain phase, to obtain a differential interference pattern; S3, using the Goldstein filtering method to filter out the interference pattern noise; S4, phase unwrapping: determine the number of integer cycles based on the principal value of the phase difference of the differential interferogram to obtain the true phase of the surface deformation; S5, using polynomial optimization method to refine and re-level the track; S6, converting the phase value into a deformation value, obtaining a deformation distribution diagram, and calculating parameters such as deformation amount and deformation rate; S7. Different geological disaster risk levels are defined according to the values ​​of deformation amount and deformation rate in the area.

4. The buried pipeline early warning method and system based on satellite remote sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-resolution optical images are images taken by high-resolution optical satellites. The multi-time series SAR images are remote sensing technologies that obtain ground information by actively transmitting radar signals and receiving reflected signals. The multi-time series analysis of SAR images mainly involves the use of synthetic aperture radar interferometry technology.

5. The buried pipeline early warning method and system based on satellite remote sensing according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S1, radiation calibration is the key process of converting the voltage or digital quantization value recorded by the satellite sensor into a radiation brightness value. The process can be divided into two methods: absolute radiation calibration and relative radiation calibration. Atmospheric correction is the process of eliminating the radiation error caused by the atmospheric influence and inverting the true surface reflectivity of the ground object. Atmospheric correction includes absolute atmospheric correction and relative atmospheric correction. The fusion of optical image panchromatic and multispectral images combines the high spatial resolution of the panchromatic image with the rich spectral information of the multispectral image to generate an image with both high spatial resolution and rich spectral information.

6. The buried pipeline early warning method and system based on satellite remote sensing according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3, the Beidou positioning system carried by the Beidou positioning terminal is composed of a space end, a ground end and a user end. It can provide high-precision, high-reliability positioning, navigation and timing services for all types of users around the world around the clock, and has short message communication capabilities. It has preliminary regional navigation, positioning and timing capabilities.

7. The buried pipeline early warning method and system based on satellite remote sensing according to claim 3 is characterized by: In step S1, SAR complex image registration is an important step in synthetic aperture radar data processing, which involves spatially aligning multiple SAR images to ensure that they have the same geographic reference frame, thereby allowing subsequent analysis and processing.

8. The buried pipeline early warning method and system based on satellite remote sensing according to claim 3 is characterized by: In step S2, the preparation of the SAR interferogram mainly involves several key steps, including image registration, removal of flat ground phase, removal of atmospheric delay phase, and phase unwrapping.

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