Arduino and Unity 3D-based high-voltage safety practical training interaction system and method and storage medium

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy automobile teaching practical training equipment, and discloses a high-voltage safety practical training interaction system and method based on Arduino and Unity 3D, and a storage medium. The system comprises a modular vehicle unit, an interactive display module and a safety control module group, wherein a detection terminal of a vehicle high-voltage system circuit diagram is electrically connected with a real vehicle high-voltage connector; the interactive display module carries a Unity 3D platform and integrates a teaching mode selection module, a high-voltage operation module, a data simulation measurement module, a fault assessment module and the like; the safety control module group performs dual protection through a leakage protector and a physical safety lock. The practical training method comprises system detection, vehicle type authorization, safety verification, multi-mode operation and generation of a multi-dimensional scoring report containing a fault positioning thermodynamic diagram. Real-time synchronization of physical operation and virtual simulation is achieved through combination of software and hardware, the problems that an existing practical training device is disjointed from a virtual object, adaptation of multiple vehicle types is poor, safety protection is insufficient and the like are solved, and the system is suitable for vocational colleges, vehicle enterprise training centers and other scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of new energy vehicle teaching and training equipment, and specifically relates to a high-voltage safety training interactive system, method and storage medium based on Arduino and Unity3D. Background Art

[0002] In the field of teaching high-voltage systems for new energy vehicles, current training equipment is mainly divided into two categories: one is a training bench based on real vehicle modification, and the other is a pure virtual simulation system. The real vehicle training bench realizes operational training such as power off and insulation detection of the high-voltage system through physical wiring harness connection, which mainly relies on relay array control and voltage simulation circuits. Although such systems can provide a real operating experience, they have problems such as complex high-voltage protection circuits and low equipment reuse rate, and cannot achieve rapid switching of multiple models. Another type of virtual simulation system is developed based on LabVIEW or Flash platform, and displays the high-voltage system structure through three-dimensional modeling, but its interaction is limited to mouse click operations, and lacks key training elements such as real connector plug-in and pull-out force feedback.

[0003] In addition, the existing training equipment still has the following problems in achieving teaching objectives: First, there is a disconnect between simulation and physical operation, which makes it difficult for trainees to gain experience in interacting with real equipment through a virtual environment, which affects the cultivation of their practical operation ability. Secondly, the equipment is not interactive enough and lacks intuitive operation feedback, which is not conducive to trainees correcting mistakes in a timely manner during the learning process. Furthermore, the lack of an intelligent assessment system makes it impossible for troubleshooting training to obtain effective intelligent judgments and scores, which is not conducive to the closed-loop management of teaching. In addition, the modular adaptability of some systems is poor and is limited to a single model, which limits its application in multi-model teaching. Finally, there are safety hazards in conducting high-voltage training directly on real vehicles, which is not suitable for beginners or large-scale teaching environments.

[0004] In summary, the existing solutions have not effectively solved the core problems such as millisecond-level real-time synchronization of physical operation and virtual simulation, rapid reconstruction of the topological structure of high-voltage systems of multiple models, and extraction of full-dimensional evaluation parameters of the operation process. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a high-voltage training interactive platform that supports integrated operation of physical and simulation, modular expansion, intelligent evaluation feedback, and cross-platform control logic training, so as to achieve real-time synchronization, rapid reconstruction and full-dimensional evaluation, and improve teaching effectiveness and safety protection level. Summary of the invention

[0005] In response to the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention realizes the real-time synchronization of physical operation and virtual simulation through the combination of hardware and software of the Arduino hardware platform and the Unity3D virtual environment, supports dynamic reconstruction of the topological structure of the high-voltage system of multiple models, and provides a full-dimensional operation evaluation mechanism, effectively improving the practical training effect and safety protection capability.

[0006] Based on this, the present invention proposes a high-voltage safety training interactive system, method and storage medium based on Arduino and Unity3D.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a high-voltage safety training interactive system based on Arduino and Unity3D, which includes a modular vehicle unit, an interactive display module and a safety control module group; The modular vehicle unit includes an Arduino main control chip and a vehicle high-voltage system circuit diagram. The Arduino main control chip is responsible for data processing and communication coordination of the entire system. The detection terminal of the vehicle high-voltage system circuit diagram is electrically connected to the actual vehicle high-voltage connector. The vehicle high-voltage system circuit diagram provides the system with no less than 100 measurement points, which are distributed at various positions of the entire high-voltage system, and are used to intuitively display the electrical connection relationship of the vehicle high-voltage system, providing a theoretical basis for subsequent circuit detection and operation; The interactive display module is equipped with the Unity3D virtual simulation platform, the modular vehicle unit is physically connected to the interactive display module through a magnetic interface, the Unity3D virtual simulation platform and the Arduino main control chip are synchronized through the serial port protocol, and the interactive display module dynamically displays the vehicle status and provides operation guidance information based on the data fed back by the modular vehicle unit and the real vehicle high-voltage connector, so as to help users correctly perform high-voltage safety training operations; The safety control module group includes a leakage protector and a physical safety lock. The leakage protector is used to monitor in real time whether there is leakage in the system. The physical safety lock must meet both mechanical unlocking and Unity3D interface authorization verification. Otherwise, high-voltage operation is prohibited to prevent unauthorized personnel from performing high-voltage operation.

[0008] As a further explanation and limitation of the above technical solution, the Unity3D virtual simulation platform includes the following functional modules: High-voltage operation module, used to provide virtual simulation and operation guidance for high-voltage line connection and maintenance switch operation; Data simulation measurement module, integrating virtual multimeter, insulation meter and discharge meter tools, supporting dynamic measurement and simulation feedback of voltage, resistance and insulation value; The fault setting assessment module allows the teacher to set the open circuit / short circuit fault and generate the assessment test paper, and the student can troubleshoot the fault through the virtual tool and submit the automatic scoring result; Vehicle dynamic monitoring module, which displays the vehicle's operating status in real time, including speed, gear position, charging status and fault information; The teaching mode selection module provides three mode switching functions: teaching guidance, practical exercises, and fault assessment.

[0009] As a further explanation and limitation of the above technical solution, the adsorption force of the magnetic interface satisfies the following formula: ,in: F mag is the adsorption force of the magnetic interface. B is the magnetic induction intensity, A is the magnetic attraction area, μ 0 is the vacuum permeability; in the above formula: B ≥0.5, A ≥10cm 2 , μ 0 The value of is 4π×10 -7 H / m.

[0010] As a further explanation and limitation of the above technical solution, the detection terminal layout of the high-voltage system circuit diagram is implemented based on a topology optimization algorithm, and the objective function is ,in, R i For the i The resistance value of each detection terminal, L i For the i The wiring length of each detection terminal needs to meet the following constraints: R i ≥0.1Ω, ensure the stability and accuracy of the detection circuit, and L i When the distance is ≤15cm, the loss and interference of signal transmission are reduced.

[0011] As a further explanation and limitation of the above technical solution, the interactive display module includes a circuit path verification algorithm, which calculates the shortest compliant path through the Dijkstra algorithm to provide the user with optimal operation guidance; wherein the path weight calculation formula is: shortest path = , where p is the circuit path set P A path in e For path p An edge in ; R e For edge e The corresponding resistance value, L e For edge e The corresponding wiring length.

[0012] As a further explanation and limitation of the above technical solution, in order to consider the correct operation and the wrong operation, and to be able to comprehensively and objectively evaluate the user's practical operation level, the following scoring algorithm is introduced in the interactive display module: ,in, C i For the i Correct operation items; w i For the i The weight of a correct operation item is used to measure the importance of the operation item in the entire score; E j For the j Error operation items.

[0013] A high voltage safety training method, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1 system startup and detection: automatically detect module connection status and leakage protector function when starting the system; S2 vehicle model authorization and resource loading: authorize the vehicle model module and load Unity3D teaching resources through a USB encryption device; S3 security lock unlock verification: operate the physical security lock and verify the unlock status through the Unity3D interface; S4 High Voltage Operation and Troubleshooting: The user selects the following operation modes according to the teaching mode selection module in the Unity3D simulation platform: Vehicle dynamic monitoring mode: In the vehicle dynamic monitoring module, the vehicle status is monitored in real time through the instrument cluster, operation demonstration and simulation operation submodules; High-voltage safety operation mode: In the high-voltage operation module, follow the operation steps to complete the high-voltage line connection and verification; Data simulation measurement mode: In the data simulation measurement module, use virtual tools to measure voltage, resistance and insulation values, and simulate dynamic voltage changes through the accelerator pedal; Fault setting assessment mode: In the fault setting assessment module, the teacher sets the fault and generates the assessment paper, and the student submits the automatic scoring result after troubleshooting the fault; S5 scoring report generation: Generate a multi-dimensional scoring report including operation time, number of errors and tool compliance.

[0014] As a further supplement to the above technical solution, in S4 high voltage operation and troubleshooting, the dynamic voltage simulation engine output relationship is: V sim = V base ×(1+ k tanh(1.2 θ ),in, V sim is the voltage value of the analog output, V base It is the basic voltage value, which is a fixed reference voltage; θIndicates the pedal opening, reflecting the user's operation input; k Represents the fault severity coefficient, which is used to simulate the impact of faults of different degrees on the voltage.

[0015] As a further supplement to the above technical solution, the multi-dimensional scoring report includes a fault location heat map and an operation path playback. The fault location heat map is used to intuitively display the location and frequency of faults, and the operation path playback is used to allow users to review their operation process and analyze existing problems.

[0016] A computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the above-mentioned high-voltage safety training method.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. This invention uses the real-time data synchronization between the Arduino main control chip and the Unity3D virtual platform to accurately map physical actions such as plugging and unplugging of physical plugs and maintenance switch operations to virtual scenes, and simulates real plugging and unplugging force feedback with the magnetic interface, solving the interactive limitations of traditional virtual simulation. Tools such as virtual multimeters and insulation meters need to drag the test leads to the detection terminals, and the dynamic voltage simulation formula is combined to feedback the measured values ​​in real time, restore the real detection process, and allow students to obtain an operating feel close to that of a real car and tool use experience in the fusion of virtual and real, effectively solving the problem of disconnection between simulation and real operation.

[0018] 2. The modular vehicle unit of the present invention can be physically replaced quickly through a magnetic interface, and with the dynamic loading of vehicle-specific resources on the Unity3D platform, the high-voltage system topology diagram of different vehicle models can be efficiently constructed. The detection terminal layout is based on a topological optimization algorithm, covering more than 100 measurement points at key nodes such as battery packs and motor controllers, ensuring the accurate presentation of electrical connection relationships of different vehicle models, solving the limitation of "single vehicle model adaptation" of traditional training equipment, and further improving the equipment reusability and teaching flexibility.

[0019] 3. The present invention calculates the shortest compliance path through an algorithm, provides real-time optimization prompts for deviations from the optimal operation, and combines the scoring algorithm to generate a multi-dimensional scoring report including a fault location heat map and operation path playback, thereby achieving a full-dimensional evaluation of the operational standardization and troubleshooting efficiency. The teacher can customize the open circuit / short circuit fault on the circuit diagram and generate an assessment paper. After the student has checked, the system automatically scores the student, supports the three-mode switching of "teaching guidance-practical exercises-fault assessment", and forms a complete teaching closed loop of "learning-practice-evaluation-improvement", solving the pain point of the lack of intelligent judgment in traditional equipment.

[0020] 4. The present invention adopts an intrinsically safe design, and all touch voltages are less than 5V, avoiding the risk of electric shock from the source; the integrated leakage protector monitors leakage in real time, automatically cuts off the power supply and triggers a red pop-up alarm when it exceeds the standard; the physical safety lock must simultaneously meet the requirements of mechanical key unlocking and Unity3D interface authorization code verification to prevent unauthorized misoperation. In addition, the maintenance switch is equipped with mechanical interlocking and status feedback contacts, and the high-voltage connector has a built-in Hall sensor to detect the connection status. Through dual protection of software and hardware, a multi-level safety system covering electrical safety, operating authority, and fault warning is constructed, which completely solves the safety hazards of real vehicle training, especially suitable for beginners and large-scale teaching scenarios.

[0021] 5. The vehicle dynamic monitoring module of the present invention synchronizes data such as vehicle speed, gear position, fault code, etc. in real time, and cooperates with three-dimensional animation to demonstrate the vehicle startup and charging process, and intuitively presents the operation logic of the high-voltage system; the operation guidance is through step pop-up windows + arrow annotations to reduce the difficulty of learning. The system is developed based on Unity3D, supports cross-platform operation, is compatible with a variety of main control chips and touch screens, and supports remote upgrades and dynamic updates of vehicle model resources to ensure long-term applicability. From basic operation guidance to complex troubleshooting, from single-model training to multi-platform deployment, the system provides a standardized, intelligent and efficient solution for high-voltage safety teaching of new energy vehicles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the high-voltage safety training platform of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the high voltage operation module interface of the Unity3D simulation platform in the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the data simulation measurement module interface of the Unity3D simulation platform in the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the interface of the fault setting assessment module of the Unity3D simulation platform in the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle dynamic monitoring module interface of the Unity3D simulation platform in the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the teaching mode selection module interface of the Unity3D simulation platform in the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a teacher login interface for a fault setting assessment module of the Unity3D simulation platform of the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a student login interface for a fault setting assessment module of the Unity3D simulation platform of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a flow chart of the training method in the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: the modular vehicle unit is 100, the warning light is 101, the vehicle unit high-voltage system circuit diagram is 102, the interactive display module is 200, the real vehicle high-voltage connector is 300, the high-voltage bus is 301, the maintenance switch is 302, the vehicle high-voltage system circuit diagram is 400, the detection terminal is 401, the equipment operation status indicator light is 500, the equipment power switch is 600, the leakage protector is 700, the aluminum alloy frame is 800, the universal caster is 900, and the equipment power connection line is 1000. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described below through embodiments.

[0025] In order to facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the present invention, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, we disclose the specific structure of a high-voltage safety training platform. The training platform includes an aluminum alloy frame 800, on which a modular vehicle unit 100 is installed, and is connected to a high-voltage busbar 301 through a real vehicle high-voltage connector 300 to form a complete high-voltage system circuit diagram 400. On both sides of the training platform, universal casters 900 are provided for easy movement. The warning light 101 and the equipment operation status indicator 500 are respectively located in prominent positions of the training platform, which are used to display the system operation status in real time and provide warning information. The equipment power connection line 1000 is connected to the equipment power switch 600 to ensure stable power supply to the training platform. In addition, the setting of the leakage protector 700 further enhances the safety during the training process. In the front center of the training platform, an interactive display module 200 is provided, which can display the high-voltage system circuit diagram 102 and the corresponding operation guidance information, which is convenient for teachers to teach and students to interact and learn. In order to realize the simulation measurement of high-voltage operation, the training platform is also equipped with a detection terminal 401, which can be connected to various detection equipment so that students can actually measure and analyze the system's current, voltage and other parameters. In addition, the setting of the maintenance switch 302 enables teachers to quickly cut off the power supply in an emergency to ensure the safety of the training process.

[0026] Referring to the example of the high-voltage safety training platform, it should be noted that the example is only one implementation of the present invention, and those skilled in the art may make corresponding adjustments and improvements to the training platform according to actual needs.

[0027] As attached Figures 2 to 8As shown, based on the above examples, and on the premise of meeting the support of the technical solution protected by the claims, we describe in detail a high-voltage safety training interactive system based on Arduino and Unity3D, which includes: a modular vehicle unit, an interactive display module, and a safety control module group. Through the combination of software and hardware, real-time synchronization of physical operation and virtual simulation is achieved, and dynamic reconstruction of the high-voltage system topology of multiple models and full-dimensional operation evaluation are supported.

[0028] The modular vehicle unit of the high-voltage safety training interactive system is physically connected to the interactive display module through a magnetic interface. The magnetic interface uses a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet array. The magnetic induction intensity of a single magnet is B = 0.8 T and the magnetic area is A = 15 cm 2 , according to the adsorption force, the following formula is satisfied: =38.2 N, therefore, it meets the requirement of stable connection. Among them: F mag is the adsorption force of the magnetic interface. B is the magnetic induction intensity, A is the magnetic attraction area, μ 0 is the vacuum permeability; in the above formula: B ≥0.5, A ≥10cm 2 , μ 0 The value of is 4π×10 -7 H / m.

[0029] Modular vehicle unit: Contains Arduino main control chip and vehicle high-voltage system circuit diagram. The Arduino main control chip configuration uses ArduinoMega2560 as the core controller, with 54 digital I / O pins, 16 analog inputs, and 4 UART serial ports to meet the communication needs of multiple sensors and peripherals. The chip communicates with the interactive display module through the SPI / I2C serial port to transmit high-voltage system measurement data (such as voltage, resistance, insulation value) and operating status (such as wiring harness connection status, maintenance switch position) in real time. In the design of the vehicle high-voltage system circuit diagram, the measurement point layout is implemented based on the topology optimization algorithm, and the objective function is ,in, R i For the i The resistance value of each detection terminal, L i For the i The wiring length of each detection terminal needs to meet the following constraints: R i ≥0.1Ω, ensure the stability and accuracy of the detection circuit, and L iWhen the distance is ≤15cm, the loss and interference of signal transmission can be reduced. The detection terminal is made of gold-plated copper material, and the contact resistance is R i ≤0.05 Ω, because it satisfies R i ≥0.1 Ω constraint is achieved by connecting a series current limiting resistor, and the wiring length L i Control it within 10-15cm and use shielded twisted pair to reduce electromagnetic interference.

[0030] ≥100 detection terminals are set at key nodes of the high-voltage system (such as battery packs, motor controllers, charging interfaces, and high-voltage distribution boxes). Taking a new energy vehicle as an example, the positive and negative poles of the battery pack, the three-phase input terminals of the motor, and the CC / CPE signal terminals of the charging gun are all set as independent measurement points, covering more than 90% of the electrical connection nodes of the high-voltage system. The real vehicle high-voltage connector integrates a high-voltage busbar and a maintenance switch. The connector plug / socket adopts a physical interface compatible with mainstream models, and the plug-in and pull-out force simulates a real vehicle. The internal integrated Hall sensor detects the connection status, and the signal is collected through the ArduinoADC interface. The maintenance switch adopts a mechanical interlocking manual switch with status feedback contacts.

[0031] Interactive display module: The hardware configuration uses a 19-inch industrial-grade touch screen, which is equipped with an Intel i5 processor, 8GB memory, 256GB SSD, and runs the Windows 10 system. The Unity 3D virtual simulation platform and the Arduino main control chip achieve data synchronization through the serial port protocol. The development of the Unity 3D virtual simulation platform includes modules such as high-voltage operation, data simulation measurement, fault setting assessment, vehicle dynamic monitoring, and teaching mode selection. High-voltage operation module: 3D modeling restores the high-voltage components of the real vehicle (such as battery packs, motor controllers, and high-voltage wiring harnesses), and supports virtual plug-in and unplug operations. The operation guidance uses step pop-up windows + arrow annotations. For example, when connecting the high-voltage bus, the interface prompts "Insert the red plug into the motor controller X1 interface" and highlights the target interface in the virtual scene. Data simulation measurement module: integrated virtual multimeter, insulation meter, and discharge meter. When measuring, you need to drag the test lead to the detection terminal. The accuracy of the terminal trigger area is ±2mm. After triggering, the real-time analog value displayed is calculated according to the following formula: V sim = V base ×(1+ k tanh(1.2 θ ),in, V sim is the voltage value of the analog output, V base It is the basic voltage value, which is a fixed reference voltage; θIndicates the pedal opening, reflecting the user's operation input; k Indicates the fault severity coefficient, which is used to simulate the impact of different degrees of faults on voltage. In the fault setting assessment module, the teacher sets the open circuit / short circuit fault through the right-click menu of the circuit diagram, and supports multiple selections of lines and fault types. The assessment test paper generated includes fault description, allowed operation time, and score distribution. The vehicle dynamic monitoring module synchronizes the vehicle status data sent by Arduino in real time, displaying the speed, gear position, charging status and fault code. The teaching mode selection module provides three-speed mode switching: Teaching guidance: full-step pop-up window prompts, forced interruption of wrong operations and prompts for correction; Practical exercises: prompts for key steps, allowing for incorrect operations but recording the number of times; Fault assessment: no prompts, automatic timing and generation of scoring reports.

[0032] When developing our application, we chose Unity3D2021.3.20f1LTS version because it supports cross-platform operation on Windows, macOS, and Linux platforms, ensuring wide compatibility. We use C# as the main development language for Unity scripts, and in order to interact with the hardware, we use C++ to write Arduino firmware. To handle data parsing and communication protocol optimization, we integrated two powerful third-party plug-ins, Newtonsoft.Json and Protobuf. In addition, our application supports OTA remote upgrade function, allowing dynamic update of vehicle resources through UnityAssetBundle, ensuring that users can get the latest features and improvements in a timely manner.

[0033] Safety control module group: including leakage protector and physical safety lock. The leakage protector adopts single-phase 220V leakage protection switch. The detection circuit is integrated in the power inlet of the equipment. The current difference between the phase line and the neutral line is monitored through the zero-sequence current transformer. When it exceeds the standard, the relay is triggered to cut off the power supply, and a red pop-up window of "leakage warning" is displayed on the interactive display module. The physical safety lock is fixedly connected to the aluminum alloy frame of the equipment. When unlocking, the following conditions must be met at the same time: the mechanical key is correctly inserted and rotated to the "unlock" position; the authorization code is entered in the Unity3D interface. Both detect the status through the Arduino digital input pin. Only when both conditions are met, the high-level signal is output to allow the high-voltage operation circuit to be energized.

[0034] When students connect the harness, the system calculates the total weight of the current path in real time. If it exceeds 150% of the theoretical shortest path, it is judged as a "non-optimal path" and prompted to optimize. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the shortest compliant path through the Dijkstra algorithm to provide users with the best operation guidance.

[0035] Among them, the path weight calculation formula is: Shortest Path = , In the formula, p is the circuit path set P A path in e For path p An edge in ; R e For edge e The corresponding resistance value, L e For edge e The corresponding wiring length.

[0036] For example, the theoretical shortest path weight connecting T01 to T03 is 25.3. The interactive display module includes a circuit path verification algorithm. If the student chooses to bypass T02, the total weight = 65.2, then a prompt is triggered.

[0037] In order to consider the correct and incorrect operations and to comprehensively and objectively evaluate the user's practical operation level, the following scoring algorithm is introduced in the interactive display module: , in, C i For the i Correct operation items; w i For the i The weight of a correct operation item is used to measure the importance of the operation item in the entire score; E j For the j Error operation items.

[0038] Based on the above system architecture design introduction, refer to the attached Figures 2 to 9 As shown, we combine the specific practical training operation process to explain in detail the implementation method of the workflow of the present invention.

[0039] S1 system startup and detection: The Arduino main control chip performs cyclic detection including the connection status of the magnetic interface, the output voltage of the leakage protector, and the mechanical lock position of the actual vehicle high-voltage connector; the Unity3D platform loads the configuration data of the last used vehicle model and verifies the USB encryption device driver. If no encryption device is detected, all modules except "vehicle model authorization" are disabled.

[0040] S2 vehicle model authorization and resource loading: insert the vehicle model-specific encrypted USB flash drive, the system reads the model_info.ini file in the root directory of the USB flash drive, and verifies the signature information; loads the Unity resources in the corresponding folder according to the vehicle model ID, including: 3D model, circuit diagram data, fault library, and detection terminal coordinates and connection relationships.

[0041] S3 safety lock unlocking verification: students use a special key to rotate the physical lock to the "unlock" position, triggering the micro switch inside the lock body; the Unity3D interface pops up the authorization code input box, and the student enters the 6-digit dynamic code generated by the teacher. After the verification is passed, the interface displays a green logo "Safety Level: High Voltage Operation Allowed".

[0042] S4 High Voltage Operation and Troubleshooting: (1) Vehicle dynamic monitoring mode Instrument cluster module: Draws the vehicle speed curve in real time, displays the gear position icon and charging status. When the high-voltage connector is disconnected, the red warning light on the instrument panel flashes and displays the fault code "P1A00 High-voltage interlock circuit disconnected".

[0043] Run the demo module: simulate the vehicle startup process through animation: Press the brake pedal to wake up the battery management system; Turn the start knob to close the main relay; The motor controller passes the self-test and allows the vehicle to be engaged in gear.

[0044] Simulation operation module: The trainee clicks the virtual button “accelerator pedal” to trigger the dynamic voltage simulation voltage value to change dynamically in the range of 280-420V, corresponding to the motor speed of 0-15000rpm.

[0045] (2) High voltage safety operation mode Operation steps guide (taking the connection of high-voltage bus as an example): The interface displays "Step 1: Disconnect the maintenance switch", and the maintenance switch device is physically disconnected (controlled by an electromagnetic lock). Step 2: "Insert the red busbar plug into the battery pack X1 interface". The student operates the physical plug. After Arduino detects the connector in place signal, the plug turns green in the Unity scene. Step 3: "Click to verify", the system detects the terminal resistance value (<0.2Ω is considered a successful connection). If it fails, it will prompt "The plug is not fully inserted."

[0046] (3) Data simulation measurement mode Use of multimeter: The trainee drags the test lead to the detection terminals T01 (battery positive pole) and T02 (motor U phase), and the interface displays: When not ignited: resistance R = 100 Ω (simulating motor winding resistance); After ignition: voltage V = 380 V (DC bus voltage).

[0047] Insulation measurement: Select the insulation meter, set the measurement voltage to 1000VDC, click "Start Measurement", and the system simulates the insulation resistance value (normal state > 10MΩ, if the ground fault is set, it will display 500kΩ).

[0048] (4) Fault setting assessment mode Teacher side operation: Log in to the interface (account: teacher, password: 123456), and select "Set Fault"; Check the T03 to T04 line on the circuit diagram and set the "open circuit" fault. The test time is 45 minutes. Click "Generate Test Paper" and the system will automatically assign a fault number and store it in encrypted form.

[0049] Student side operation: After logging in, check the fault phenomenon: "The vehicle cannot be charged, and the instrument cluster displays a charging fault"; Use a virtual multimeter to measure the voltage of the CC signal terminal T03 of the charging gun (normal 5V, 0V when faulty) to determine if the circuit is broken; After locating the fault point, click on the line on the circuit diagram to mark it as "fault". After submission, the system will automatically score you, for example: +30 points for correct positioning, +20 points for standard use of the multimeter, +10 points for 35 minutes of operation time, and a total score of 60 points.

[0050] S5 scoring report generation: The multi-dimensional scoring report includes basic information such as the student's name, test time, vehicle model, number of faults, score / deduction details for each operation item, fault location heat map, and operation path playback. The fault location heat map marks the fault point and troubleshooting time in different colors, with red indicating unchecked, yellow indicating overtime troubleshooting, and green indicating correct troubleshooting. The operation path playback records the operation steps according to the timeline and supports fast forward / pause functions.

[0051] The present invention realizes the high efficiency, intelligence and safety of high-voltage safety training for new energy vehicles through the deep integration of hardware modular design and software virtual simulation. In the specific implementation, the present invention elaborates on the system architecture, functional modules, algorithm formulas and operation procedures in detail, ensures the feasibility and repeatability of the technical solution, and provides a standardized example for the research and development of new energy vehicle teaching and training equipment. In addition, the present invention also conducts compatibility testing, and has verified the vehicle model adaptation of BYD Song PLUSEV and other models, with a module replacement time of less than 2 minutes and a resource loading time of less than 10 seconds. In terms of hardware compatibility, the present invention supports the ArduinoMega2560 / UNO / Nano series and is adapted to 10-24 inch touch screens.

[0052] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A high voltage safety training interactive system based on Arduino and Unity3D, characterized in that: It includes modular vehicle units, interactive display modules, and safety control module groups; The modular vehicle unit includes an Arduino main control chip and a vehicle high-voltage system circuit diagram. The Arduino main control chip is responsible for data processing and communication coordination of the entire system. The detection terminal of the vehicle high-voltage system circuit diagram is electrically connected to the actual vehicle high-voltage connector. The vehicle high-voltage system circuit diagram provides the system with no less than 100 measurement points, which are distributed at various positions of the entire high-voltage system, and are used to intuitively display the electrical connection relationship of the vehicle high-voltage system, providing a theoretical basis for subsequent circuit detection and operation; The interactive display module is equipped with the Unity3D virtual simulation platform, the modular vehicle unit is physically connected to the interactive display module through a magnetic interface, the Unity3D virtual simulation platform and the Arduino main control chip are synchronized through the serial port protocol, and the interactive display module dynamically displays the vehicle status and provides operation guidance information based on the data fed back by the modular vehicle unit and the real vehicle high-voltage connector, so as to help users correctly perform high-voltage safety training operations; The safety control module group includes a leakage protector and a physical safety lock. The leakage protector is used to monitor in real time whether there is leakage in the system. The physical safety lock must meet both mechanical unlocking and Unity3D interface authorization verification. Otherwise, high-voltage operation is prohibited to prevent unauthorized personnel from performing high-voltage operation.

2. According to claim 1, a high voltage safety training interactive system based on Arduino and Unity3D is characterized in that: The Unity3D virtual simulation platform includes the following functional modules: High-voltage operation module, used to provide virtual simulation and operation guidance for high-voltage line connection and maintenance switch operation; Data simulation measurement module, integrating virtual multimeter, insulation meter and discharge meter tools, supporting dynamic measurement and simulation feedback of voltage, resistance and insulation value; The fault setting assessment module allows the teacher to set the open circuit / short circuit fault and generate the assessment test paper, and the student can troubleshoot the fault through the virtual tool and submit the automatic scoring result; Vehicle dynamic monitoring module, which displays the vehicle's operating status in real time, including speed, gear position, charging status and fault information; The teaching mode selection module provides three mode switching functions: teaching guidance, practical exercises, and fault assessment.

3. The high voltage safety training interactive system based on Arduino and Unity3D according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption force of the magnetic interface satisfies the following formula: , in: F mag is the adsorption force of the magnetic interface. B is the magnetic induction intensity, A is the magnetic attraction area, μ 0 is the vacuum permeability; In the above formula: B ≥0.5, A ≥10cm 2 , μ 0 The value of is 4π×10 -7 H / m.

4. The high voltage safety training interactive system based on Arduino and Unity3D according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection terminal layout of the high-voltage system circuit diagram is implemented based on the topology optimization algorithm, and the objective function is , in, R i For the i The resistance value of each detection terminal, L i For the i The wiring length of each detection terminal needs to meet the following constraints: R i ≥0.1Ω, ensure the stability and accuracy of the detection circuit, and L i When the distance is ≤15cm, the loss and interference of signal transmission are reduced.

5. The high voltage safety training interactive system based on Arduino and Unity3D according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interactive display module includes a circuit path verification algorithm, which calculates the shortest compliant path through the Dijkstra algorithm to provide users with optimal operation guidance; wherein the path weight calculation formula is: Shortest Path = , In the formula, p is the circuit path set P A path in e For path p An edge in ; R e For edge e The corresponding resistance value, L e For edge e The corresponding wiring length.

6. The high voltage safety training interactive system based on Arduino and Unity3D according to claim 5, characterized in that: In order to consider the correct and incorrect operations and to comprehensively and objectively evaluate the user's practical operation level, the following scoring algorithm is introduced in the interactive display module: ， in, C i For the i Correct operation items; w i For the i The weight of a correct operation item is used to measure the importance of the operation item in the entire score; E j For the j Error operation items.

7. A high voltage safety training method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 system startup and detection: automatically detect module connection status and leakage protector function when starting the system; S2 vehicle model authorization and resource loading: authorize the vehicle model module and load Unity3D teaching resources through a USB encryption device; S3 security lock unlock verification: operate the physical security lock and verify the unlock status through the Unity3D interface; S4 High Voltage Operation and Troubleshooting: The user selects the following operation modes according to the teaching mode selection module in the Unity3D simulation platform: Vehicle dynamic monitoring mode: In the vehicle dynamic monitoring module, the vehicle status is monitored in real time through the instrument cluster, operation demonstration and simulation operation submodules; High-voltage safety operation mode: In the high-voltage operation module, follow the operation steps to complete the high-voltage line connection and verification; Data simulation measurement mode: In the data simulation measurement module, use virtual tools to measure voltage, resistance and insulation values, and simulate dynamic voltage changes through the accelerator pedal; Fault setting assessment mode: In the fault setting assessment module, the teacher sets the fault and generates the assessment paper, and the student submits the automatic scoring result after troubleshooting the fault; S5 scoring report generation: Generate a multi-dimensional scoring report including operation time, number of errors and tool compliance.

8. A high voltage safety training method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4 high voltage operation and troubleshooting, the dynamic voltage simulation engine outputs the following relationship: V sim = V base ×(1+ k ·fishy(1.2) θ ), in, V sim is the voltage value of the analog output, V base It is the basic voltage value, which is a fixed reference voltage; θ Indicates the pedal opening, reflecting the user's operation input; k Represents the fault severity coefficient, which is used to simulate the impact of faults of different degrees on the voltage.

9. A high voltage safety training method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-dimensional scoring report includes a fault location heat map and an operation path playback. The fault location heat map is used to intuitively display the location and frequency of faults, and the operation path playback is used to allow users to review their operation process and analyze existing problems.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: Computer program instructions are stored, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, the high-voltage safety training method as described in claims 7-9 is implemented.

Images