Resettable overvoltage and undervoltage protection switch

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of switches, in particular to a self-resetting overvoltage and undervoltage protection switch which comprises a first shell, a circuit board, an armature sheet, a coil assembly and a permanent magnet assembly, the circuit board is arranged in the middle of the interior of the first shell and comprises a first control chip and a second control chip, and the armature sheet is arranged in the position, close to the top of the first shell, of the interior of the first shell. The armature sheet is located on the upper portion of the circuit board, the coil assembly is arranged in the middle of the interior of the first shell and close to the right side of the first shell, a movable contact assembly of the coil assembly makes contact with a static contact of the armature sheet, and the movable contact assembly comprises a movable contact shell, a movable contact body, a first spring, a connecting rod, a threaded rod and a motor. The permanent magnet assembly is arranged in the middle of the interior of the first shell and close to the right side of the first shell, and the permanent magnet assembly is arranged on the right side of the coil assembly. According to the self-resetting over-voltage and under-voltage protection switch, the motor pushes the threaded rod so as to push the connecting rod and compress the first spring, the movable contact body is pushed to move forwards, and the loss part of the movable contact is compensated to complete contact with the static contact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of switches, in particular to a self-resetting over- and under-voltage protection switch. Background Art

[0002] The self-resetting over- and under-voltage protection switch control circuit adopts a high-speed micro-low-power processor as the core, a magnetic latching relay as the main circuit, and a modular standard design. The self-resetting over- and under-voltage protector has line overvoltage and undervoltage protection functions and a delayed reset function after the line voltage returns to normal. When the power supply line is overvoltage or undervoltage, the protector can quickly and safely cut off the circuit under continuous high-voltage shock to avoid accidents caused by abnormal voltage being sent to the terminal electrical appliances. When the voltage returns to normal, the protector will automatically connect the circuit within the specified time to ensure the normal operation of the terminal electrical appliances without supervision.

[0003] The contacts of traditional self-resetting over- and under-voltage protection switches will wear out during the contact and disconnection process. Wear causes poor contact, increased resistance, overheating, and possible burning of the contacts. Arcing occurs during disconnection, and high temperature erodes the contacts, affecting their performance and life. The traditional approach is to replace the contact structure, which requires replacing the entire contact structure, which is inconvenient to operate.

[0004] To this end, we propose a self-resetting over- and under-voltage protection switch. Summary of the invention

[0005] A technical problem to be solved by the present application is that the contacts of a conventional self-resetting over- and under-voltage protection switch will wear out during the contact and disconnection process as the contacts are opened and closed. Wear causes poor contact of the contacts, increased resistance, overheating, and possible burning of the contacts. When disconnected, an arc is generated, and high temperature ablates the contacts, affecting their performance and life. The conventional approach is to replace the contact structure, which requires replacing the entire contact structure, which is inconvenient to operate.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a self-resetting over-voltage and under-voltage protection switch, including a housing 1, a circuit board, an armature piece, a coil assembly, and a permanent magnet assembly. The circuit board is arranged in the middle position inside the housing 1, and the circuit board includes a control chip 1 and a control chip 2;

[0007] The armature piece is arranged inside the shell 1 and near the top of the shell 1, and the armature piece is located on the upper part of the circuit board;

[0008] The coil assembly is arranged in the middle of the housing 1 and close to the right side of the housing 1, and the moving contact assembly of the coil assembly contacts the static contact of the armature piece;

[0009] The moving contact assembly includes a moving contact housing, a moving contact body, a spring, a connecting rod, a threaded rod, and a motor;

[0010] The permanent magnet component is arranged in the middle of the shell one and close to the right side of the shell one, and the permanent magnet component is arranged on the right side of the coil component;

[0011] The moving contact assembly pushes the threaded rod forward along the built-in thread of the moving contact housing through the rotation of the motor, pushes the connecting rod forward and compresses the spring 1, and pushes the moving contact body to contact the static contact to complete the closure of the entire circuit.

[0012] In some embodiments, the housing 1 is in a "convex" shape rotated approximately 90 degrees clockwise, with a convex right side and stepped surfaces on both sides of the convexity;

[0013] Two upper wire outlets are arranged on the left side of the top surface of the housing 1, and two lower wire inlets are arranged on the left side of the top surface of the housing 1. The upper wire outlets and the lower wire inlets are of the same size and are symmetrically located about the middle plane between the top surface and the bottom surface of the housing 1;

[0014] A normal voltage indicator light and an abnormal voltage indicator light are provided on the raised plane on the right side of the housing. The normal voltage indicator light is red when it is on, and the abnormal voltage indicator light is green when it is on.

[0015] Two binding posts are symmetrically arranged on both sides of a raised plane on the right side of the housing.

[0016] In some embodiments, control chip 1 is disposed at the upper left end of the circuit board, and control chip 2 is disposed at the upper right end of the circuit board.

[0017] In some embodiments, the armature piece is a strip iron piece, the left end of the armature piece is electrically connected to the wire of the outlet of the shell, a static contact is arranged at the right end of the armature piece, the static contact is a cylindrical body, and a pressure sensor is arranged on the contact surface of the static contact.

[0018] In some embodiments, the coil assembly includes a coil body, an iron core, a moving contact assembly, a guard plate, and a spring 2;

[0019] The coil body is wound around the iron core, the iron core is provided with an upper end plate and a lower end plate, a cavity is provided inside the iron core, and the second spring is provided in the cavity of the iron core;

[0020] The upper end plate of the core is provided with a circular hole, and the radius of the circular hole is equal to the cross-section radius of the core cavity;

[0021] One end of the second spring is connected to the lower end plate of the iron core, and the other end of the second spring is detachably connected to the bottom of the moving contact assembly;

[0022] The outer diameter of the moving contact housing of the moving contact assembly is smaller than the diameter of the circular hole on the upper end plate of the iron core;

[0023] The compression or extension of the second spring drives the moving contact housing to pass through the circular hole of the upper end plate of the iron core and move in the inner cavity of the iron core.

[0024] In some embodiments, a plurality of comb teeth are arranged at the front end of the moving contact housing, and the comb teeth are evenly arranged along the circumference of the inner wall of the front end of the moving contact housing, and gaps are left between adjacent comb teeth to lengthen and decompose the arc generated by the static contact and the moving contact body at the moment of contact and disconnection;

[0025] The length of the comb teeth is half the length of the moving contact housing;

[0026] An empty slot one is arranged between the front end of the moving contact housing and the moving contact body, and the length of the empty slot one is one tenth of the length of the moving contact housing to ensure that the moving contact body has space to move in the moving contact housing.

[0027] In some embodiments, the movable contact body is connected to the connecting rod via a spring 1;

[0028] The spring 1 is detachably connected to the right end of the moving contact body and the left end of the connecting rod;

[0029] The diameters of the moving contact body and the connecting rod are both smaller than the inner diameter of the moving contact housing.

[0030] In some embodiments, an internal thread is intermittently provided in the inner wall of the moving contact housing, and the setting length of the internal thread is one third of the moving contact housing;

[0031] The outer circumference of the threaded rod is provided with an external thread, and the size of the external thread matches the size of the internal thread;

[0032] A second empty slot is provided at the rear end of the moving contact housing, and the motor is arranged in the second empty slot at the rear end of the moving contact housing;

[0033] The moving contact body, spring one, and connecting rod are arranged on the front half of the inner wall of the moving contact housing, the threaded rod is arranged in the moving contact housing, and the front end of the threaded rod contacts the rear end of the connecting rod, the external thread of the threaded rod and the internal thread of the moving contact housing are meshed with each other, and the rear end of the threaded rod is connected to the front end rotating shaft of the motor.

[0034] In some embodiments, the permanent magnet assembly includes a permanent magnet body, a spring three, and a connecting plate;

[0035] The rear permanent magnet body is arranged on the right side of the coil assembly, the lower end of the spring three is connected to the upper end of the permanent magnet body, the upper end of the spring three is connected to the right end of the connecting plate, and the left end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the moving contact assembly.

[0036] In some embodiments, the control chip 1 of the circuit board monitors the voltage of the circuit. When overvoltage and undervoltage occur, the control chip 1 disconnects the static contact from the moving contact body through the coil assembly. When the circuit voltage returns to normal voltage, the control chip 1 makes the static contact contact with the moving contact body through the coil assembly to ensure the circuit conduction.

[0037] The control chip 2 of the circuit board monitors the contact pressure between the static contact and the moving contact body through the pressure sensor on the static contact. Combined with the PID algorithm, when the contact pressure collected by the pressure sensor is less than the specified value, there is loss at the front end of the moving contact body. The control chip 2 drives the moving contact body forward through the rotation of the motor to compensate for the loss of the moving contact and complete the contact with the static contact to ensure the circuit is conductive.

[0038] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0039] 1. When the moving contact is worn, the motor rotates to push the threaded rod forward along the built-in thread of the moving contact housing, pushes the connecting rod forward and compresses spring 1, and pushes the moving contact body forward to compensate for the loss of the moving contact and complete the contact with the static contact.

[0040] 2. Dynamically maintain contact pressure through PID algorithm control to compensate for the wear loss of moving contacts, thereby extending the life of contacts and the service life of the switch.

[0041] 3. The moving contact body and the connecting rod are detachably connected through a spring. When the spring is aged or the moving contact body needs to be replaced, the moving contact body and the spring can be directly replaced without affecting other structures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from another angle;

[0044] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the coil assembly of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 It is an overall schematic diagram of the movable contact assembly of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the moving contact assembly of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the movable contact housing of the present invention.

[0049] In the figure: 1-housing 1; 2-circuit board; 3-armature piece; 4-coil assembly; 5-permanent magnet assembly; 101-upper outlet; 102-connection post; 103-voltage normal indicator light; 104-voltage abnormal indicator light; 105-lower inlet; 201-control chip 1; 202-control chip 2; 301-static contact; 401-coil body; 402-iron core; 403-moving contact assembly; 40 30-moving contact housing; 4031-comb teeth; 4032-empty slot one; 4033-moving contact body; 4034-spring one; 4035-connecting rod; 4036-threaded rod; 4037-external thread; 4038-motor; 4039-internal thread; 4040-empty slot two; 404-guard plate; 405-spring two; 501-permanent magnet body; 502-spring three; 503-connecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1-7 The present invention provides a technical solution: a self-resetting over-voltage and under-voltage protection switch, comprising a housing 1, a circuit board 2, an armature piece 3, a coil assembly 4, and a permanent magnet assembly 5. The circuit board 2 is arranged in the middle position inside the housing 1, and the circuit board 2 includes a control chip 1 201 and a control chip 2 202;

[0052] The armature piece 3 is arranged inside the housing 1 and close to the top of the housing 1, and the armature piece 3 is located on the upper part of the circuit board 2;

[0053] The coil assembly 4 is arranged in the middle of the housing 1 and close to the right side of the housing 1, and the moving contact assembly 403 of the coil assembly 4 is in contact with the static contact 301 of the armature piece 3;

[0054] The moving contact assembly 403 includes a moving contact housing 4030, a moving contact body 4033, a spring 4034, a connecting rod 4035, a threaded rod 4036, and a motor 4038;

[0055] The permanent magnet component 5 is arranged in the middle of the housing 1 and close to the right side of the housing 1, and the permanent magnet component 5 is arranged on the right side of the coil component 4;

[0056] The moving contact assembly 403 is rotated by the motor 4038 to push the threaded rod 4036 forward along the built-in thread 4039 of the moving contact housing 4030, pushing the connecting rod 4035 forward and compressing the spring 1 4034, and pushing the moving contact body 4033 to contact the static contact 301 to complete the closure of the entire circuit.

[0057] Furthermore, the housing 1 is in a "convex" shape rotated approximately 90 degrees clockwise, with a convex right side and stepped surfaces on both sides of the convexity;

[0058] Two upper wire outlets 101 are arranged on the left side of the top surface of the housing 1, and two lower wire inlets 105 are arranged on the left side of the top surface of the housing 1. The upper wire outlets 101 and the lower wire inlets 105 are of the same size and are symmetrically located about the middle plane between the top and bottom surfaces of the housing 1.

[0059] A normal voltage indicator 103 and an abnormal voltage indicator 104 are provided on the raised plane on the right side of the housing 1. The normal voltage indicator 103 is red when it is on, and the abnormal voltage indicator 104 is green when it is on.

[0060] Two terminal posts 102 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the raised plane on the right side of the housing 1.

[0061] Furthermore, the armature piece 3 is a strip iron piece, the left end of the armature piece 3 is electrically connected to the wire of the upper outlet 101 of the housing 1, and a static contact 301 is provided at the right end of the armature piece 3. The static contact 301 is a cylindrical body, and a pressure sensor is provided on the contact surface of the static contact 301.

[0062] Furthermore, the coil assembly 4 includes a coil body 401, an iron core 402, a moving contact assembly 403, a guard plate 404, and a second spring 405;

[0063] The coil body 401 is wound around the iron core 402. The iron core 102 is provided with an upper end plate and a lower end plate. A cavity is provided inside the iron core 102. The second spring 405 is provided in the cavity of the iron core 302.

[0064] The upper end plate of the core 302 is provided with a circular hole, and the radius of the circular hole is equal to the cross-sectional radius of the core 102 cavity;

[0065] One end of the second spring 405 is connected to the lower end plate of the iron core 302, and the other end of the second spring 405 is detachably connected to the bottom of the moving contact assembly 403;

[0066] The outer diameter of the moving contact housing 4030 of the moving contact assembly 403 is smaller than the diameter of the circular hole on the upper end plate of the iron core 302;

[0067] The compression or extension of the second spring 405 drives the moving contact housing 4030 to pass through the circular hole on the upper end plate of the iron core 302 and move in the inner cavity of the iron core 102 .

[0068] Furthermore, a plurality of comb teeth 4031 are provided at the front end of the movable contact housing 4030. The comb teeth 4031 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the inner wall of the front end of the movable contact housing 4030, and gaps are left between adjacent comb teeth 4031 to lengthen and decompose the arc generated by the static contact 301 and the movable contact body 4033 at the moment of contact and disconnection.

[0069] The length of the comb teeth 4031 is 1 / 2 of the length of the moving contact housing 4030;

[0070] An empty slot 4032 is provided between the front end of the moving contact housing 4030 and the moving contact body 4033 . The length of the empty slot 4032 is 1 / 10 of the length of the moving contact housing 4030 to ensure that the moving contact body 4033 has space to move in the moving contact housing 4030 .

[0071] Furthermore, the moving contact body 4033 is connected to the connecting rod 4035 via a spring 1 4034;

[0072] The spring 1 4034 is detachably connected to the right end of the moving contact body 4033 and the left end of the connecting rod 4035;

[0073] The diameters of the movable contact body 4033 and the connecting rod 4035 are both smaller than the inner diameter of the movable contact housing 4030 .

[0074] Furthermore, an internal thread 4039 is intermittently provided in the inner wall of the moving contact housing 4030, and the setting length of the internal thread 4039 is 1 / 3 of the moving contact housing 4030;

[0075] An external thread 4037 is provided on the outer periphery of the threaded rod 4036, and the size of the external thread 4037 matches that of the internal thread 4039;

[0076] A second empty slot 4040 is provided at the rear end of the moving contact housing 4030, and the motor 4038 is provided in the second empty slot 4040 at the rear end of the moving contact housing 4030;

[0077] The moving contact body 4033, the spring 1 4034, and the connecting rod 4035 are arranged on the front half of the inner wall of the moving contact housing 4030, the threaded rod 4036 is arranged in the moving contact housing 4030, and the front end of the threaded rod 4036 contacts the rear end of the connecting rod 4035, the external thread 4037 of the threaded rod 4036 and the internal thread 4039 of the moving contact housing 4030 are engaged with each other, and the rear end of the threaded rod 4036 is connected to the front end rotating shaft of the motor 4038.

[0078] Furthermore, the permanent magnet assembly 5 includes a permanent magnet body 501, a spring 502, and a connecting plate 503;

[0079] The permanent magnet body 501 is arranged on the right side of the coil assembly 4, the lower end of the spring three 502 is connected to the upper end of the permanent magnet body 501, the upper end of the spring three 502 is connected to the right end of the connecting plate 503, and the left end of the connecting plate 506 is fixedly connected to the moving contact assembly 403.

[0080] Furthermore, the control chip 201 of the circuit board 2 monitors the voltage of the circuit. When overvoltage or undervoltage occurs, the control chip 201 disconnects the static contact 301 from the moving contact body 4033 through the coil assembly 4. When the circuit voltage returns to normal voltage, the control chip 201 makes the static contact 301 contact the moving contact body 4033 through the coil assembly 4 to ensure the circuit conduction.

[0081] The control chip 202 of the circuit board 2 monitors the contact pressure between the static contact 301 and the moving contact body 4033 through the pressure sensor on the static contact 301. Combined with the PID algorithm, when the contact pressure collected by the pressure sensor is less than the specified value, there is loss at the front end of the moving contact body 4033. The control chip 202 drives the moving contact body 4033 to move forward through the rotation of the motor 4038 to compensate for the loss of the moving contact and complete the contact with the static contact 301 to ensure the circuit is conductive.

[0082] The process of the control chip 202 driving the moving contact body 4033 to move forward by rotating the motor 4038 to compensate for the loss of the moving contact is as follows:

[0083] Step S1: The pressure sensor on the static contact 301 collects the contact pressure between the static contact 301 and the moving contact body 4033;

[0084] Step S2: The pressure sensor transmits the collected contact pressure data to the second control chip 202;

[0085] Step S3: The control chip 202 determines whether the contact pressure is less than a specific value through a PID algorithm. If it is less than the specific value, the control chip 202 starts the motor 4038. The motor 4038 rotates to drive the moving contact body 4033 to move forward to compensate for the loss of the moving contact and complete the contact with the static contact 301.

[0086] Step S4: The control chip 202 determines whether the contact pressure is greater than a specific value through the PID algorithm. If it is greater than the specific value, it is determined that the wear of the moving contact body 4033 exceeds the specified value. The control chip 202 warns by flashing the voltage abnormality indicator light 104, indicating that the moving contact body 4033 needs to be replaced. At the same time, the control chip 1 201 disconnects the circuit through the coil assembly 4.

[0087] Before using the pressure sensor, calibrate the zero point and set the range, such as the contact pressure range of 0 to 50N. Set the pressure threshold and the minimum allowable pressure p minThe maximum allowable pressure p is 10N. max It is 40N.

[0088] The control formula of the PID algorithm is:

[0089]

[0090] Where u(t) is the output of the controller, which is the motor compensation in this invention, e(t) is the current error, that is, the deviation between the set value and the actual value, k p is the proportionality coefficient, k i is the integration coefficient, k d is the differential coefficient.

[0091] In the embodiment of the present invention, the control process is completed by using the control chip 202, and the PID algorithm formula is simplified to:

[0092]

[0093] Where T is the sampling period of the pressure sensor, which is 0.01s. Set k p is 0.5, k i is 0.01, k d k is 0.1 p The role of the algorithm is to quickly respond to contact pressure deviation. When the contact pressure p is detected current ≤p min , k p Directly amplify the current error e(t)=p min -p current The drive motor 4038 is used to quickly compensate for the wear of the moving contact body 4033. i The function of the algorithm is to eliminate the long-term accumulated error. When the contact pressure is lower than p for a long time due to long-term wear, min When the integral term gradually increases the compensation amount by accumulating the historical error Σe(t)·T until the pressure returns to the target value, if the contact pressure continues to be low e(t)=1N, k i =0.01, sampling period T = 0.01s, then the integral term contributes 0.01mm per second. d The role of the algorithm is to suppress system oscillation and predict future error trends. When the contact pressure changes rapidly, such as the motor compensation action is too fast, the differential term calculates the error change rate Slow down the motor in advance to avoid pressure overshoot. For example, if the error is reduced from e(t-1)=2N to e(t)=1N, k d =0.1, the differential output is 0.1x(1-2) / 0.01=-10mm / s, reducing the motor speed.

[0094] When the contact pressure is judged to be too small, the current contact pressure p collected iscurrent ≤p min , calculate the pressure error e(t) = p min -p current , calculate the PID controller output At this time, the control chip 2 sends a command to the motor 4038 to drive the motor 4038 to rotate forward. The compensation amount is k p e(t), if e(t) is 2N, the compensation amount is 1mm, at this time, the motor 4038 rotates forward to push the threaded rod 4036 forward along the internal thread 4039 of the moving contact housing 4030, push the connecting rod 4035 forward and compress the spring 1 4034, and push the moving contact body 4033 to contact the static contact 301 to complete the compensation of the contact loss at the front end of the moving contact body 4033. In this process, the external thread 4037 of the threaded rod 4036 and the internal thread 4039 of the moving contact housing 4030 are meshed with each other.

[0095] When the contact pressure is judged to be too large, that is, p current ≥p max At this time, the control chip 202 sends an early warning signal to the control chip 1 201, and the control chip 1 201 controls the coil assembly 4. The coil body 401 of the coil assembly 4 flows through the control current. The coil body 401 and the iron core 402 generate a magnetic field to attract the moving contact assembly 403 to move downward. The moving contact assembly 403 moves downward to compress the spring 2 405. At the same time, the moving contact assembly 403 moves downward to drive the connecting plate 503 to move downward. The connecting plate 503 moves downward to compress the spring 3 502 until the static contact 301 is separated from the moving contact body 4033 to cut off the main circuit to prevent overload damage. At this time, the control chip 2 202 controls the voltage abnormality indicator 104 to light up, and the motor 4038 stops rotating.

[0096] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 7 Introduce the use of this switch:

[0097] First, the lower inlet 105 of the switch is connected to the incoming wire, the upper outlet 101 is connected to the outgoing wire, the wire is connected to the armature piece 3, the wire circuit board 2 is connected, and the circuit board 2 is electrically connected to the coil assembly 4.

[0098] In the initial state, the circuit is conductive, and the static contact 301 of the armature piece 3 and the moving contact body 4033 of the moving contact assembly 403 are in contact.

[0099] When the circuit has overvoltage or undervoltage, the control chip 1 201 monitors the overvoltage and undervoltage conditions, and the control chip 1 201 outputs a control current, and the coil body 401 of the coil assembly 4 flows through the control current. The coil body 401 and the iron core 402 generate a magnetic field to attract the moving contact assembly 403 to move downward, and the moving contact assembly 403 moves downward to compress the spring 2 405. At the same time, the moving contact assembly 403 moves downward to drive the connecting plate 503 to move downward, and the connecting plate 503 moves downward to compress the spring 3 502 until the static contact 301 is separated from the moving contact body 4033, and the entire circuit is disconnected. At this time, there is no more current in the coil assembly 4, and the coil assembly 4 no longer has magnetism, while the permanent magnet assembly 5 relies on the permanent magnet body 501 to attract the moving contact assembly 403 to maintain the disconnected state with the static contact 301.

[0100] When the voltage of the line returns to normal, the control chip 1 201 outputs a reverse control current, so that the coil body 401 of the coil assembly 4 flows through the reverse control current, generating a magnetism opposite to that of the moving contact assembly 403, pushing the moving contact assembly 403 to move forward. At this time, the spring 2 405 changes from a compressed state to a stretched state, driving the moving contact assembly 403 to contact the static contact 301. At this time, the spring 3 502 changes from a compressed state to a stretched state, pushing the connection 503 to move upward, and moves upward together with the moving contact assembly 403, restoring the line conduction.

[0101] During this process, the control chip 202 determines whether the contact pressure is less than a specific value through the PID algorithm. If it is less than the specific value, the control chip 202 starts the motor 4038. The motor 4038 rotates to drive the moving contact body 4033 to move forward to compensate for the loss of the moving contact and complete the contact with the static contact 301. The empty groove formed by the front end of the moving contact housing 4030 and the moving contact body 4033 helps the moving contact body 4033 to move and contact and disconnect with the static contact 301, and leaves space for the front and back movements of the moving contact body 4033, and provides movement space for the arc generated at the moment when the moving contact body 4033 is disconnected from the static contact 301, and cooperates with the comb teeth 4031 at the front end of the moving contact housing 4030 to extend the movement path of the arc, thereby improving the ability to eliminate the arc.

[0102] The control chip 202 uses the PID algorithm to determine whether the contact pressure is greater than a specific value. If it is greater than the specific value, it is determined that the wear of the moving contact body 4033 exceeds the specified value. The control chip 202 warns by flashing the voltage abnormality indicator light 104, indicating that the moving contact body 4033 needs to be replaced. At the same time, the control chip 1 201 disconnects the circuit through the coil assembly 4.

[0103] While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A self-resetting over- and under-voltage protection switch, comprising a housing (1), a circuit board (2), an armature (3), a coil assembly (4), and a permanent magnet assembly (5), characterized in that: The circuit board (2) is arranged in the middle of the housing 1 (1), and the circuit board (2) comprises a control chip 1 (201) and a control chip 2 (202); The armature piece (3) is arranged inside the shell one (1) near the top of the shell one (1), and the armature piece (3) is located on the upper part of the circuit board (2); The coil assembly (4) is arranged in the middle of the housing (1) and close to the right side of the housing (1), and the moving contact assembly (403) of the coil assembly (4) is in contact with the static contact (301) of the armature piece (3); The moving contact assembly (403) comprises a moving contact housing (4030), a moving contact body (4033), a spring (4034), a connecting rod (4035), a threaded rod (4036), and a motor (4038); The permanent magnet component (5) is arranged in the middle of the shell one (1) and close to the right side of the shell one (1), and the permanent magnet component (5) is arranged on the right side of the coil component (4); The moving contact assembly (403) is rotated by the motor (4038) to push the threaded rod (4036) forward along the built-in thread (4039) of the moving contact housing (4030), push the connecting rod (4035) forward and compress the spring 1 (4034), and push the moving contact body (4033) to contact the static contact (301), so as to complete the closure of the entire circuit.

2. The self-resetting over- and under-voltage protection switch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The housing 1 (1) is in a "convex" shape rotated approximately 90 degrees clockwise, with a convex right side, and both sides of the convex side are stepped surfaces; Two upper wire outlets (101) are arranged on the left side of the top surface of the housing 1 (1), and two lower wire inlets (105) are arranged on the left side of the top surface of the housing 1 (1), the upper wire outlets (101) and the lower wire inlets (105) are of the same size and are symmetrically positioned about the middle plane between the top surface and the bottom surface of the housing 1 (1); The raised plane on the right side of the housing 1 (1) is provided with a normal voltage indicator light (103) and an abnormal voltage indicator light (104), wherein the normal voltage indicator light (103) is red when on, and the abnormal voltage indicator light (104) is green when on; Two terminal posts (102) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the raised plane on the right side of the housing 1 (1).

3. The self-resetting over- and under-voltage protection switch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The control chip 1 (201) is arranged at the upper left end of the circuit board (2), and the control chip 2 (202) is arranged at the upper right end of the circuit board (2).

4. The self-resetting over- and under-voltage protection switch according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The armature piece (3) is a strip-shaped iron piece. The left end of the armature piece (3) is electrically connected to the wire of the upper wire outlet (101) of the housing (1). The right end of the armature piece (3) is provided with the static contact (301). The static contact (301) is a cylindrical body. The contact surface of the static contact (301) is provided with a pressure sensor.

5. The self-resetting over- and under-voltage protection switch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The coil assembly (4) comprises a coil body (401), an iron core (402), a moving contact assembly (403), a guard plate (404), and a second spring (405); The coil body (401) is wound around the iron core (402), the iron core (402) is provided with an upper end plate and a lower end plate, a cavity is provided inside the iron core (402), and the second spring (405) is provided in the cavity of the iron core (402); The upper end plate of the iron core (402) is provided with a circular hole, and the circular hole has a radius equal to that of the cross-section of the cavity of the iron core (402); One end of the second spring (405) is connected to the lower end plate of the iron core (402), and the other end of the second spring (405) is detachably connected to the bottom of the moving contact assembly (403); The outer diameter of the moving contact housing (4030) of the moving contact assembly (403) is smaller than the diameter of the circular hole on the upper end plate of the iron core (402); The compression or extension of the second spring (405) drives the movable contact housing (4030) to pass through the circular hole of the upper end plate of the iron core (402) and move in the internal cavity of the iron core (402).

6. The self-resetting over- and under-voltage protection switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of comb teeth (4031) are arranged at the front end of the movable contact housing (4030), and the comb teeth (4031) are evenly arranged along the circumference of the inner wall of the front end of the movable contact housing (4030), and gaps are left between adjacent comb teeth (4031) to lengthen and decompose the arc generated by the static contact (301) and the movable contact body (4033) at the moment of contact and disconnection; The length of the comb teeth (4031) is 1 / 2 of the length of the movable contact housing (4030); An empty slot (4032) is provided between the front end of the moving contact housing (4030) and the moving contact body (4033), and the length of the empty slot (4032) is 1 / 10 of the length of the moving contact housing (4030) to ensure that the moving contact body (4033) has space to move in the moving contact housing (4030).

7. The self-resetting over- and under-voltage protection switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable contact body (4033) is connected to the connecting rod (4035) via the spring 1 (4034); The spring 1 (4034) is detachably connected to the right end of the movable contact body (4033) and the left end of the connecting rod (4035); The diameters of the moving contact body (4033) and the connecting rod (4035) are both smaller than the inner diameter of the moving contact housing (4030).

8. The self-resetting over- and under-voltage protection switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: An internal thread (4039) is intermittently provided in the inner wall of the moving contact housing (4030), and the setting length of the internal thread (4039) is 1 / 3 of the moving contact housing (4030); The outer periphery of the threaded rod (4036) is provided with an external thread (4037), and the size of the external thread (4037) matches that of the internal thread (4039); A second empty slot (4040) is provided at the rear end of the movable contact housing (4030), and the motor (4038) is arranged in the second empty slot (4040) at the rear end of the movable contact housing (4030); The moving contact body (4033), the spring 1 (4034), and the connecting rod (4035) are arranged on the front half of the inner wall of the moving contact housing (4030), the threaded rod (4036) is arranged in the moving contact housing (4030), and the front end of the threaded rod (4036) contacts the rear end of the connecting rod (4035), the external thread (4037) of the threaded rod (4036) and the internal thread (4039) of the moving contact housing (4030) are meshed with each other, and the rear end of the threaded rod (4036) is connected to the front end shaft of the motor (4038).

9. The self-resetting over- and under-voltage protection switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permanent magnet assembly (5) comprises a permanent magnet body (501), a spring three (502), and a connecting plate (503); The permanent magnet body (501) is arranged on the right side of the coil assembly (4), the lower end of the spring three (502) is connected to the upper end of the permanent magnet body (501), the upper end of the spring three (502) is connected to the right end of the connecting plate (503), and the left end of the connecting plate (506) is fixedly connected to the moving contact assembly (403).

10. The self-resetting over- and under-voltage protection switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control chip 1 (201) of the circuit board (2) monitors the voltage of the circuit. When overvoltage or undervoltage occurs, the control chip 1 (201) disconnects the static contact (301) from the moving contact body (4033) through the coil assembly (4). When the circuit voltage returns to normal voltage, the control chip 1 (201) makes the static contact (301) contact the moving contact body (4033) through the coil assembly (4) to ensure that the circuit is conductive. The control chip 2 (202) of the circuit board (2) monitors the contact pressure between the static contact (301) and the moving contact body (4033) through the pressure sensor on the static contact (301). In combination with the PID algorithm, when the contact pressure collected by the pressure sensor is less than a specified value, there is loss at the front end of the moving contact body (4033). The control chip 2 (202) drives the moving contact body (4033) to move forward through the rotation of the motor (4038) to compensate for the loss of the moving contact and complete the contact with the static contact (301), thereby ensuring the conduction of the circuit.

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