Battery module, abnormality processing method, and electronic device

Abstract

The application provides a battery module, an abnormality processing method and an electronic device. The battery module comprises a plurality of battery monomers; the plurality of battery monomers are arranged along a first direction and a second direction of the battery module; a first isothermal interface of the battery module intersects a first surface, the first surface is a top surface formed by the plurality of arranged battery monomers, a plurality of sensors are arranged on a first part of the first isothermal interface, and a temperature on the first isothermal interface is in a first temperature interval. The battery module, the abnormality processing method and the electronic device provided by the embodiments of the application divide a plurality of isothermal interfaces in the battery module, and a plurality of sensors are arranged on the isothermal interfaces, the plurality of sensors can be replaced with each other, the trouble reporting rate of the battery module is reduced, and the normal estimation of the battery state and the battery performance is ensured as much as possible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power batteries, and more specifically, to a battery module, an anomaly handling method, and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] As the power source for new energy vehicles, power batteries are typically equipped with multiple sensors. The data collected by these sensors can be used to estimate the battery's state and performance. Accurate estimations of the battery's state and performance directly impact the vehicle's operation during driving and charging / discharging. The effectiveness of the sensors in collecting data is crucial for estimating battery state and performance; if a sensor malfunctions, it is usually repaired or replaced.

[0003] Therefore, how to ensure accurate estimation of battery status and performance while reducing the failure rate of electronic devices is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a battery module, an anomaly handling method, and an electronic device. The aim is to reduce the failure rate of the electronic device while ensuring accurate estimation of battery status and performance as much as possible.

[0005] In a first aspect, a battery module is provided, the battery module including a plurality of battery cells; the plurality of battery cells are arranged along a first direction and a second direction of the battery module; a first isothermal interface of the battery module intersects with a first surface in a first portion, the first surface being the top surface formed by the plurality of battery cells after being arranged, a plurality of sensors are spaced apart on the first portion, and the temperature on the first isothermal interface is within a first temperature range.

[0006] It should be noted that the first part of the intersection between the isothermal interface and the first surface can be a straight line or a curve. The temperature corresponding to the isothermal interface can be calculated using thermal simulation technology based on the cumulative heat of the battery module during charging and discharging.

[0007] Based on the above solution, isothermal interfaces are defined within the battery module, and multiple sensors are installed on these interfaces. When an invalid sensor exists on a particular isothermal interface, other valid sensors can be used to collect battery status parameters, reducing the battery module's failure rate while ensuring accurate estimation of battery status and performance.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the battery module further includes a second isothermal interface, which intersects the first surface in a second portion. Multiple sensors are spaced apart on the second portion, and the temperature on the second isothermal interface is in a second temperature range, which is different from the first temperature range.

[0009] For example, the second part can be similar to the first part, and can be a straight line or a curve.

[0010] Based on the above scheme, the battery module can be divided into two isothermal interfaces, with multiple sensors spaced apart on each isothermal interface. This allows for the collection of more battery state parameters from the isothermal interfaces, leading to better estimation of battery state and performance. Each isothermal interface falls within a different temperature range, and the multiple sensors on each isothermal interface can be interchanged. When a sensor on an isothermal interface becomes invalid, the temperature of that isothermal interface can still be collected using other available sensors.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the battery module further includes a third isothermal interface, which intersects the first surface in a third portion, and multiple sensors are spaced apart on the third portion. The temperature on the third isothermal interface is in a third temperature range, and the first temperature range, the second temperature range, and the third temperature range are different.

[0012] Based on the above scheme, more isothermal interfaces can be divided within the battery module, and multiple sensors can be set at intervals on each isothermal interface. This allows for the collection of more battery state parameters on the isothermal interfaces, thereby enabling better estimation of battery state and performance.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the difference between the first temperature range and the second temperature range is equal to the difference between the second temperature range and the third temperature range.

[0014] Based on the above scheme, the battery module can be divided into isothermal interfaces according to a certain temperature range gradient, so that the sensor can collect more battery state parameters under operating conditions, so as to more accurately estimate the battery state and battery performance.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first temperature range is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold, the third temperature range is greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold, and the second temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold.

[0016] For example, the first isothermal interface is the lowest temperature interface, and the third isothermal interface is the highest temperature interface.

[0017] Based on the above scheme, the battery module includes at least a lowest temperature interface and a highest temperature interface, so that the sensor can collect at least the lowest temperature and the highest temperature of the battery module under charging and discharging conditions, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery module.

[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the sensor is installed at the location of the sensor by laser welding or ultrasonic welding.

[0019] Based on the above approach, connecting the sensor and the battery cell using laser welding or ultrasonic welding methods helps ensure the reliability of the connection.

[0020] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the battery cell is one of the following: a lithium-ion secondary battery, a lithium-ion primary battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-lithium-ion battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery.

[0021] In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising a battery module as described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof, the electronic device being configured to perform the following steps: determining whether a valid sensor exists on the first isothermal interface, the valid sensor being a sensor in normal working condition; if the valid sensor exists on the first isothermal interface, the electronic device continues to operate normally.

[0022] It should be understood that battery state parameters collected by sensors in normal working condition can be used to estimate the working state of the battery module. The battery module in the electronic device includes a first isothermal interface, which includes multiple sensors. Among these sensors, there may be effective sensors and ineffective sensors. These sensors can be substituted for each other. If there is an effective sensor on the first isothermal interface, it means that at least one effective sensor on the first isothermal interface is working normally. In this case, no abnormal processing of the battery module is required, and the electronic device can continue to work normally.

[0023] Based on the above solution, an isothermal interface is defined within the battery module, and multiple sensors are set on this interface. These sensors on the same isothermal interface are used to collect the temperature at that interface. If an invalid sensor exists, as long as a working sensor is present on the isothermal interface, it can replace the invalid sensor to collect battery status parameters, avoiding immediate fault reporting. This reduces the battery module's failure rate while ensuring accurate estimation of battery status and performance.

[0024] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device is used to perform the following steps: determining the number of invalid sensors on the first isothermal interface, the invalid sensors being sensors in an abnormal operating state; if the number of invalid sensors on the first isothermal interface is greater than or equal to a first threshold, then performing a first-level abnormality processing.

[0025] It should be noted that invalid sensors are those that handle abnormal operating conditions. The battery status parameters collected by sensors in abnormal operating conditions may lead to incorrect estimations of the battery module's operating status.

[0026] For example, the first level of anomaly handling is to prohibit charging and discharging the battery module. If the number of invalid sensors on the first isothermal interface is greater than or equal to a first threshold, then charging and discharging the battery module in the electronic device is prohibited.

[0027] It should be understood that the first threshold is related to the number of sensors set on the first isothermal interface.

[0028] For example, when three sensors are set on the first isothermal interface, the first threshold can be set to 3. If the number of invalid sensors on the first isothermal interface is equal to 3, it means that there are no valid sensors on the first isothermal interface, and charging and discharging of the battery module in the electronic device is prohibited.

[0029] For example, when four sensors are set on the first isothermal interface, the first threshold can be set to 4. If the number of invalid sensors on the first isothermal interface is equal to 4, it means that there are no valid sensors on the first isothermal interface, and charging and discharging of the battery module in the electronic device is prohibited.

[0030] It should be understood that the specific conditions for triggering the first level of exception handling can be adjusted by setting different values ​​for the first threshold.

[0031] For example, if four sensors are set on the first isothermal interface, and the first threshold is set to 4, it means that the first-level anomaly handling method will be executed when there are no valid sensors on the first isothermal interface; if the first threshold is set to 2, it means that the first-level anomaly handling method will be executed as long as there are two or more invalid sensors on the first isothermal interface. Obviously, when the first threshold is set to 2, the specific conditions for the first isothermal anomaly handling may be more easily triggered.

[0032] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the battery module further includes multiple isothermal interfaces, and the electronic device is used to perform the following steps: determining the number of isothermal interfaces that meet a first condition, the first condition being that there are no effective sensors on the isothermal interfaces; if the number of isothermal interfaces that meet the first condition is greater than or equal to a second threshold, then performing a second level of anomaly handling.

[0033] For example, the second-level exception handling can be the same as the first-level exception handling, which is to prohibit the charging and discharging of the battery module.

[0034] It should be noted that the second threshold is related to the number of isothermal interfaces within the battery module.

[0035] For example, the battery module includes six isothermal interfaces: isothermal interface 1, isothermal interface 2, isothermal interface 3, isothermal interface 4, isothermal interface 5, and isothermal interface 6. Each isothermal interface has three sensors. The aforementioned second threshold is preset to 4. If no valid sensors are present on any of the six isothermal interfaces, charging and discharging of the battery module is prohibited.

[0036] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device is also used to perform the following steps: if the number of isothermal interfaces satisfying the first condition is less than the second threshold, then perform third-level anomaly handling.

[0037] For example, the third level of exception handling is to limit the charging and discharging power of the battery module.

[0038] For example, the battery module includes six isothermal interfaces: isothermal interface 1, isothermal interface 2, isothermal interface 3, isothermal interface 4, isothermal interface 5, and isothermal interface 6. Three sensors are installed on each isothermal interface. The preset second threshold is 4. If only isothermal interfaces 1 and 2 lack effective sensors, while the other isothermal interfaces have effective sensors, then the charging and discharging power of the battery module can be limited.

[0039] Based on the above solution, when effective sensors exist at certain isothermal interfaces within the battery module, only the charging and discharging power of the battery module needs to be limited. This ensures accurate estimation of battery status and performance while also improving the fault tolerance of electronic devices.

[0040] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first isothermal interface includes three sensors, namely a first sensor, a second sensor, and a third sensor. Determining whether a valid sensor exists on the first isothermal interface specifically involves: acquiring the temperature values ​​of the first sensor, the second sensor, and the third sensor; determining a first temperature difference based on the temperature values ​​of the first and second sensors; determining a second temperature difference based on the temperature values ​​of the first and third sensors; determining a third temperature difference based on the temperature values ​​of the second and third sensors; determining the three sensors as valid sensors when the first, second, and third temperature differences are less than or equal to a third threshold; and determining the first and second sensors as valid sensors when the first temperature difference is less than or equal to the third threshold, and the second and third temperature differences are greater than the third threshold.

[0041] It should be noted that before determining the anomaly handling method, it is necessary to determine whether there are effective sensors on the isothermal interface inside the battery module.

[0042] It is understandable that the temperatures collected by multiple sensors set on the same isothermal interface should be roughly the same. If the temperature difference is greater than a certain threshold, it indicates that there may be invalid sensors. Based on this, invalid sensors and valid sensors can be determined according to the temperature difference values ​​collected by each sensor.

[0043] For example, the third threshold is set to 1℃. Sensors A1, A2, and A3 are arranged on the isothermal interface 1. The temperature value of sensor A1 is 30℃, the temperature value of sensor A2 is 30.5℃, and the temperature value of sensor A3 is 30.2℃. The temperature difference between sensor A1 and sensor A2 is 0.5℃, meaning the first temperature difference is less than the third threshold; the temperature difference between sensor A1 and sensor A3 is 0.2℃, meaning the second temperature difference is less than the third threshold; and the temperature difference between sensor A2 and sensor A3 is 0.3℃, meaning the third temperature difference is less than the third threshold. Therefore, the temperature differences between the three sensors on the isothermal interface 1 do not exceed the third threshold, indicating that there are effective sensors (including sensors A1, A2, and A3) on the isothermal interface 1.

[0044] For example, let's set the third threshold to 1℃. Sensors A1, A2, and A3 are arranged on the isothermal interface 1. The temperature value of sensor A1 is 30℃, the temperature value of sensor A2 is 30.5℃, and the temperature value of sensor A3 is 35℃. The temperature difference between sensor A1 and sensor A2 is 0.5℃, meaning the first temperature difference is less than the third threshold; the temperature difference between sensor A1 and sensor A3 is 5℃, meaning the second temperature difference is greater than the third threshold; and the temperature difference between sensor A2 and sensor A3 is 4.5℃, meaning the third temperature difference is greater than the third threshold. Therefore, there are effective sensors (including sensors A1 and A2) on the isothermal interface 1, and sensor A3 is the ineffective sensor. Sensors A1 and A2, as effective sensors, can replace sensor A3.

[0045] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device is further configured to perform the following steps: when the first temperature difference, the second temperature difference, and the third temperature difference are greater than the third threshold, the three sensors are determined to be invalid sensors.

[0046] For example, let's set the third threshold to 1℃. Sensors A1, A2, and A3 are arranged on isothermal interface 1. The temperature value of sensor A1 is 30℃, the temperature value of sensor A2 is 25℃, and the temperature value of sensor A3 is 35℃. The temperature difference between sensor A1 and sensor A2 is 5℃, meaning the first temperature difference is greater than the third threshold; the temperature difference between sensor A1 and sensor A3 is 5℃, meaning the second temperature difference is greater than the third threshold; the temperature difference between sensor A2 and sensor A3 is 10℃, meaning the third temperature difference is greater than the third threshold. Therefore, since the temperature differences between the three sensors on isothermal interface 1 all exceed the third threshold, it's impossible to determine if there are any invalid sensors, and thus, it's impossible to determine whether there are any valid sensors on the isothermal interface. If no valid sensors can be determined on the isothermal interface, it is assumed that there are no valid sensors on the isothermal interface.

[0047] Secondly, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device may be a vehicle terminal or a mobile phone terminal, etc. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0049] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0050] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0051] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0052] Figure 5 This is a schematic flowchart of an exception handling method provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the following points will be explained before introducing the embodiments of this application.

[0054] In the description of the embodiments of this application, "connection" can refer to the ability to achieve a structural mechanical or physical connection, or it can also refer to the ability to achieve a connection. "Connection" can be understood as physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the connection between different components in a circuit structure via physical lines such as wires that can transmit electrical signals; or it can be understood as electrical conduction through indirect coupling. Those skilled in the art will understand that coupling refers to the phenomenon where there is close cooperation and mutual influence between the inputs and outputs of two or more circuit elements or electrical networks, and energy is transferred from one side to the other through this interaction.

[0055] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.

[0056] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first" or "second" may knowingly or implicitly include one or more features. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" refers to two or more, and "at least one" and "one or more" refer to one, two, or more than two. The singular expressions "a," "an," "the," "the," "this," and "this" are intended to also include expressions such as "one or more," unless the context explicitly indicates otherwise.

[0057] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0058] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same component or part. For the same part in the embodiments of this application, only one part or component may be labeled with reference numerals in the figures. It should be understood that the reference numerals also apply to other identical parts or components. In addition, the various parts in the figures are not drawn to scale, and the dimensions and sizes of the parts shown in the figures are only exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0059] This application defines a coordinate system for the accompanying drawings. The x, y, and z directions are mutually perpendicular. The z direction can be understood as the thickness direction of the battery module, the x direction as the length direction of the battery module, and the y direction as the width direction of the battery module; alternatively, the x direction can also be understood as the width direction of the battery module, and the y direction as the length direction of the battery module. It is understood that, for ease of description, this application embodiment uses the x direction as the width direction of the battery module and the y direction as the length direction of the battery module as an example for explanation. It is also understood that, for ease of description, in this application embodiment, the x, y, and z directions can also be referred to as the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction, respectively.

[0060] To facilitate understanding of the battery module provided in the embodiments of this application, the application scenarios of the battery module provided in the embodiments of this application are described below.

[0061] The battery module provided in this application embodiment is applied in a vehicle. The vehicle involved in this application embodiment can be a means of transportation driven by an electric drive. The vehicle can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles (pure EV / battery EV), hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), range-extended electric vehicles (REEV), or plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), etc. For ease of description and understanding, this application embodiment uses a new energy vehicle as an example for illustration.

[0062] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a battery module 10 provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. This battery module can be a power battery module used in new energy vehicles.

[0063] The battery module 10 may include a housing 11, multiple battery cells 12, and multiple sensors 13.

[0064] The housing 11 can be a hollow structure, and multiple battery cells 12 can be housed in the housing 11 and arranged along the x and y directions of the battery module. Multiple sensors 13 are evenly arranged inside the housing 11, and the sensors 13 can be connected to the battery cells 12.

[0065] The battery cell 12 can be a lithium-ion secondary battery, a lithium-ion primary battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-lithium-ion battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this. It is understood that the specific number of battery cells 12 can be adjusted according to power demand, and this application does not limit this. Multiple battery cells 12 can be connected in series, parallel, or mixed to achieve a larger capacity or power.

[0066] Multiple sensors 13 are disposed on the surface of the battery cells. The sensors 13 are evenly distributed over the area where the battery cells are located. The sensors are used to collect battery state parameters, which are used to determine the state of the battery module. For example, battery state parameters include temperature, pressure, etc. That is, the sensors are used to collect battery state parameters such as battery temperature and pressure from the surface of the battery cells.

[0067] It should be noted that each sensor is evenly distributed within the battery module according to an "equally divided area," for example, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, multiple sensors 13 can be arranged along the x-direction of the battery module, with one sensor every other battery cell 12; or along the y-direction of the battery module, with one sensor every three battery cells 12. Figure 1 The arrangement of the multiple sensors 13 shown is merely illustrative. The sensors can be arranged more densely or sparsely according to actual detection needs, and each sensor can sample independently.

[0068] During the charging or discharging process of the battery module, heat is generated, causing the battery module temperature to rise. When the battery module temperature is too high or too low, it will affect the health of the battery module. Therefore, it is necessary to collect the temperature information of the battery module through sensors. When the temperature is abnormal, measures can be taken in time to repair the battery module and avoid affecting the working condition of the battery module for a long time.

[0069] If one of the multiple sensors malfunctions, the temperature information for its sampling area cannot be accurately obtained, potentially leading to temperature sampling failures and / or temperature exceeding thresholds, thus affecting the normal operation of the battery module. To avoid these problems, the battery module can typically determine the specific handling method for sensor malfunctions based on the sensor's abnormal condition and a fault list.

[0070] It should be understood that the fault list is used to represent the correspondence between abnormal sensor states and their handling methods. Specifically, different fault levels are set for abnormal sensor states (e.g., Level 1 fault, Level 2 fault, etc.). The higher the fault level, the more severe the fault, and the more stringent the handling methods will be. The triggering conditions for different fault levels are different. For example, the failure of a single sensor triggers a Level 1 fault; the failure of two or more sensors triggers a Level 2 fault. The handling methods for Level 1 faults include limiting charging power and limiting discharging power; the handling methods for Level 2 faults include prohibiting charging and discharging.

[0071] based on Figure 1 As shown in the diagram of battery module 10 and the anomaly handling method applicable to battery module 10, the reliability of a battery module 10 is related to the reliability of its sensors; that is, the reliability of the battery module is related to whether the sensors fail (or malfunction, fault). Assume that the reliability rate of each sensor is R, and the failure rate (or failure rate) is 1-R, where R is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1. When R is 0, it means the reliability rate of the sensor is 0, meaning the sensor will fail 100%; when R is 1, it means the reliability rate of the sensor is 1, meaning the sensor will not fail; when R is greater than 0 and less than 1, it means the reliability rate of the sensor is greater than 0 and less than 1, meaning the sensor has a certain probability of failure. When the number of sensors is m, the reliability rate of all sensors on the battery module is R. m The failure rate is 1-R m For example, when R is 0.9999 and m is 18, the reliability of all sensors on the battery module is 0.99820153, and the corresponding failure rate is 0.00179847.

[0072] It is evident that adopting Figure 1 The uniform arrangement of the sensors on the battery module 10 with "equally divided areas" and the corresponding abnormal handling methods result in a high failure rate of the battery module and even the vehicle when the sensors fail, affecting the charging and discharging conditions of the battery module and thus affecting the user's experience with the battery module.

[0073] Based on the above, Figure 2 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of a battery module 20 provided in an embodiment of this application. The battery module 20 optimizes the sensor arrangement compared to the battery module 10. This battery module can be a power battery module used in new energy vehicles or a battery module for mobile terminals.

[0074] The battery module 10 may include a housing 21, multiple battery cells 22, and multiple sensors 23.

[0075] The housing 21 can be a hollow structure, and multiple battery cells 22 can be housed within the housing 21, arranged along the x-direction (first direction) and y-direction (second direction) of the battery module. Multiple sensors 23 are arranged within the housing 21, and the sensors 23 can be connected to a first surface, which is the top surface formed by the arranged battery cells. It should be noted that the top surface refers to the upper surface of the multiple battery cells when the battery module is in normal use.

[0076] The battery cell 22 can be a lithium-ion secondary battery, a lithium-ion primary battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-lithium-ion battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this. It is understood that the specific number of battery cells 22 can be adjusted according to power demand, and this application does not limit this. Multiple battery cells 22 can be connected in series, parallel, or mixed to achieve a larger capacity or power.

[0077] For example, in this embodiment of the application, isothermal interfaces can be defined for the battery module using thermal simulation technology. Thermal simulation technology can simulate the temperature of various parts of the battery module during charging and discharging, calculate the cumulative heat of each part during charging and discharging, and the points with the same cumulative heat value are isothermal points, which can constitute isothermal interfaces. For example, the first isothermal interface of the battery module intersects with the first surface at a first part, where the first part can be understood as a straight line or a curve.

[0078] For example, Figure 2 The multiple isothermal points at the same temperature shown form a straight line 26 parallel to the x-direction of the battery module 20, with the z-direction representing the thickness of the battery module 20. The straight line 26 containing the multiple isothermal points at the same temperature is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the battery module 20. The isothermal interface (zx plane) where the multiple isothermal points at the same temperature are located is parallel to the thickness direction of the battery module 20 and perpendicular to the plane (xy plane) containing the surfaces of the multiple battery cells. It should be noted that... Figure 2 The perpendicular relationship between the isothermal interface and the first surface shown is only one example of the intersection relationship.

[0079] Multiple sensors 23 can be disposed on the surface of the battery cell or inside the battery cell. Figure 2 The diagram illustrates a configuration in which multiple sensors 23 are disposed on the surface of a single battery cell. Multiple sensors are spaced apart on a first portion (e.g., line 26). The sensors are used to collect battery state parameters, which are used to determine the state of the battery module. Exemplary battery state parameters include temperature, pressure, etc. In other words, the sensors are used to collect battery state parameters such as temperature and pressure from the surface or interior of the battery cells.

[0080] In one implementation, the first isothermal surface of the battery module intersects with the first surface in a first part. The first surface is the top surface formed by multiple battery cells arranged in a row. Multiple sensors are spaced apart on the first part, and the temperature on the first isothermal interface is within a first temperature range.

[0081] For example, the first isothermal interface of the battery module is as follows Figure 2 The isothermal interface 24 shown intersects the first surface at a straight line 26, on which four sensors are spaced apart.

[0082] For example, the first temperature range is 20℃±0.2℃, the lowest temperature on the first isothermal interface is 19.8℃, and the highest temperature is 20.2℃.

[0083] In one implementation, the battery module further includes a second isothermal interface, which intersects the first surface in a second part. Multiple sensors are spaced apart on the second part. The temperature on the second isothermal interface is in a second temperature range, which is different from the first temperature range.

[0084] In other words, the battery module 20 may include multiple isothermal interfaces, and the temperature on different isothermal interfaces is in different temperature ranges. Therefore, the temperature ranges collected by the sensors set on different isothermal interfaces are also different.

[0085] For example, Figure 2 The isothermal interface 24 shown is the first isothermal interface, and the isothermal interface 25 is the second isothermal interface.

[0086] Optionally, each sensor is evenly distributed across the isothermal interface within the battery module according to an "equally divided area." Here, "equally divided area" can be understood as multiple sensors being evenly distributed on the same isothermal interface. For example, multiple sensors are evenly spaced on the first part, and multiple sensors are evenly spaced on the second part. Figure 2 As shown, an isothermal interface 24 and an isothermal interface 25 are illustrated. Four sensors are equidistantly arranged along the x-direction on the straight line 26 where the isothermal interface 24 intersects the battery module 20. Four sensors are also equidistantly arranged along the x-direction on the straight line where the isothermal interface 25 intersects the battery module 2.

[0087] It should be noted that multiple sensors are installed on each isothermal interface. These sensors on the same isothermal interface are interchangeable; if one sensor fails, the others can replace it and continue operation. The number of sensors on different isothermal interfaces can be the same or different. For example... Figure 2 As shown, isothermal interfaces 24 and 25 are illustrated exemplarily. Each isothermal interface has four sensors arranged on it, and these four sensors are interchangeable.

[0088] It should be noted that, in addition to the first and second isothermal interfaces mentioned above, the battery module 20 may also include more isothermal interfaces. Multiple sensors are installed on each isothermal interface to acquire the battery state parameters of that isothermal interface.

[0089] Figure 3 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of another battery module 30 provided in an embodiment of this application. Compared to battery module 20, battery module 30 optimizes the number of isothermal interfaces and sensors. This battery module can be a power battery module for new energy vehicles or a battery module for mobile terminals.

[0090] The battery module 30 may include a housing 31, multiple battery cells 32, and multiple sensors 33.

[0091] The housing 31 can be a hollow structure, and multiple battery cells 32 can be housed in the housing 31 and arranged along the x-direction (first direction) and y-direction (second direction) of the battery module. Multiple sensors 33 are arranged inside the housing 31 and can be connected to a first surface, wherein the first surface is the top surface formed by the multiple battery cells after they are arranged.

[0092] The battery cell 32 can be a lithium-ion secondary battery, a lithium-ion primary battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-lithium-ion battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this. It is understood that the specific number of battery cells 32 can be adjusted according to power demand, and this application does not limit this. Multiple battery cells 32 can be connected in series, parallel, or mixed to achieve a larger capacity or power.

[0093] For example, in this embodiment of the application, isothermal interfaces can be defined for the battery module using thermal simulation technology. Thermal simulation technology can simulate the temperature of various parts of the battery module during charging and discharging, calculate the cumulative heat of each part during charging and discharging, and the points with the same cumulative heat value are isothermal points, which can constitute isothermal interfaces. For example, the first isothermal interface of the battery module intersects with the first surface in a first part, where the first part can be understood as a straight line or a curve.

[0094] In one implementation, the battery module includes a first isothermal interface, a second isothermal interface, and a third isothermal interface. The third isothermal interface intersects with the first surface in a third part. Multiple sensors are spaced apart on the third part. The temperature on the third isothermal interface is in a third temperature range, wherein the first temperature range, the second temperature range, and the third temperature range are different.

[0095] For example, the battery module 30 may include multiple isothermal interfaces, such as... Figure 3Isothermal interfaces 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, and 39 are shown. The first isothermal interface is 34, the second isothermal interface is 37, and the third isothermal interface is 39. The temperatures on different isothermal interfaces fall within different temperature ranges, and the temperatures collected by the sensors installed on the different isothermal interfaces also fall within different temperature ranges.

[0096] In one implementation, the difference between the first temperature range and the second temperature range is equal to the difference between the second temperature range and the third temperature range.

[0097] In other words, the battery module 30 includes multiple isothermal interfaces, which can be uniformly divided according to a certain temperature gradient.

[0098] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the temperature difference between two adjacent isothermal interfaces is the same.

[0099] In one implementation, the first temperature range is smaller than the second temperature range, and the second temperature range is smaller than the third temperature range.

[0100] For example, the battery module includes at least a lowest temperature interface and a highest temperature interface. The first isothermal interface can be the lowest temperature interface, the third isothermal interface can be the highest temperature interface, and the temperature range of the second isothermal interface is between the highest and lowest temperatures. The battery module is divided into isothermal interfaces using thermal simulation technology. The isothermal point with the highest accumulated heat value during the charging and discharging process constitutes the highest temperature interface, and the isothermal point with the lowest accumulated heat value constitutes the lowest temperature interface.

[0101] For example, Figure 3 The lowest temperature interface is isothermal interface 34, and the highest temperature interface is isothermal interface 39.

[0102] Figure 3 The multiple isothermal points at the same temperature shown form a straight line parallel to the x-direction of the battery module 30, with the z-direction representing the thickness of the battery module 30. The straight line containing the multiple isothermal points at the same temperature is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the battery module 30. The isothermal interface (zx plane) where the multiple isothermal points at the same temperature are located is parallel to the thickness direction of the battery module 30 and perpendicular to the plane (xy plane) containing the surfaces of the multiple battery cells. It should be noted that... Figure 3 The perpendicular relationship between the isothermal interface and the first surface shown is only one example of the intersection relationship.

[0103] Multiple sensors 33 can be disposed on the surface of the battery cell or inside the battery cell. Figure 3The diagram illustrates a configuration in which multiple sensors 33 are disposed on the surface of individual battery cells. These sensors are used to collect battery state parameters, which are used to determine the state of the battery module. For example, battery state parameters include temperature, pressure, etc. In other words, the sensors are used to collect battery state parameters such as temperature and pressure from the surface or interior of individual battery cells.

[0104] It should be noted that multiple sensors are installed on each isothermal interface. These sensors on the same isothermal interface are interchangeable; if one sensor fails, the others can replace it and continue operation. The number of sensors on different isothermal interfaces can be the same or different. For example... Figure 3 As shown, four sensors are respectively provided on isothermal interfaces 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 and 39, and these four sensors are interchangeable.

[0105] It should be noted that the above Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 In the battery module, the isothermal interface can be a rectangle perpendicular to the first surface, such as isothermal interface 24 and isothermal interface 34. However, in practical applications, the isothermal interface obtained through thermal simulation technology can be irregular in shape. Figure 4 The diagram shows a structural schematic of another battery module 40 provided in an embodiment of this application. This battery module can be a power battery module used in new energy vehicles or a battery module for mobile terminals.

[0106] The battery module 40 may include a housing 41, multiple battery cells 42, and multiple sensors 43.

[0107] The housing 41 can be a hollow structure, and multiple battery cells 42 can be housed in the housing 41 and arranged along the x-direction (first direction) and y-direction (second direction) of the battery module. Multiple sensors 43 are arranged inside the housing 41 and can be connected to a first surface, wherein the first surface is the top surface formed by the multiple battery cells after they are arranged.

[0108] The battery cell 42 can be a lithium-ion secondary battery, a lithium-ion primary battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-lithium-ion battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this. It is understood that the specific number of battery cells 42 can be adjusted according to power demand, and this application does not limit this. Multiple battery cells 42 can be connected in series, parallel, or mixed to achieve a larger capacity or power.

[0109] For example, in this embodiment of the application, isothermal interfaces can be defined for the battery module using thermal simulation technology. Thermal simulation technology can simulate the temperature of various parts of the battery module during charging and discharging, calculate the cumulative heat of each part during charging and discharging, and the points with the same cumulative heat value are isothermal points, which can constitute isothermal interfaces. For example, the first isothermal interface of the battery module intersects with the first surface in a first part, where the first part can be understood as a straight line or a curve. Figure 4 The isothermal points shown constitute isothermal interfaces 44 and 45. The battery module 40 may include multiple isothermal interfaces, including at least a highest temperature interface and a lowest temperature interface. For example, Figure 4 The isothermal interface 44 shown is the highest temperature interface, and the isothermal interface 45 is the lowest temperature interface.

[0110] Taking the isothermal interface 44 as an example, multiple isothermal points at the same temperature are arbitrarily distributed on the plane (xy plane) of the battery cell surface. Connecting these multiple isothermal points at the same temperature forms a curve 46 parallel to the first surface. The plane containing this curve 46 is parallel to the z-direction of the battery module 40. It can be understood that the isothermal interface 44 is a plane that passes through the battery cell and is parallel to the z-direction of the battery module 40. Multiple sensors 43 can be disposed on the surface of the battery cell or inside the battery cell. Figure 4 The diagram illustrates a configuration in which multiple sensors 43 are disposed on the surface of a single battery cell. Multiple sensors are disposed on a first portion (e.g., curve 46). These sensors are used to acquire battery state parameters, which are used to determine the state of the battery module. Exemplary battery state parameters include temperature, pressure, etc. In other words, the sensors are used to acquire battery state parameters such as temperature and pressure from the surface or interior of the single battery cell.

[0111] Furthermore, multiple sensors are installed on each isothermal interface. These sensors on the same isothermal interface are interchangeable; if one sensor fails, the others can replace it and continue operation. The number of sensors on different isothermal interfaces can be the same or different. For example... Figure 4 As shown, four sensors are arranged on the isothermal interface 44, and these four sensors are interchangeable; three sensors are arranged on the isothermal interface 45, and these three sensors are interchangeable.

[0112] Based on such Figures 2 to 4 The structure of the battery module shown is as follows: Figure 5 As shown in the diagram, this application provides an embodiment of an exception handling method. This method can be executed by an electronic device, such as a vehicle terminal or a mobile phone terminal, and can include any of the battery modules described above. The method 500 will now be described in detail.

[0113] S501, determine whether there is a valid sensor on the first isothermal interface.

[0114] S502, If a valid sensor is present at the first isothermal interface, the electronic device continues to operate normally.

[0115] It should be noted that a valid sensor is one that is in normal working condition. The battery status parameters collected by a sensor in normal working condition can be used to estimate the working condition of the battery module.

[0116] It should be understood that the battery module within the electronic device includes a first isothermal interface, which contains multiple sensors. Among these sensors, there may be valid sensors and invalid sensors, and the sensors can be interchangeable. If there is a valid sensor on the first isothermal interface, it means that at least one valid sensor on the first isothermal interface is functioning normally, and therefore no abnormal processing of the battery module is required, and the electronic device can continue to operate normally.

[0117] In one implementation, the electronic device can determine the number of invalid sensors on the first isothermal interface. If the number of invalid sensors on the first isothermal interface is greater than or equal to a first threshold, then a first-level anomaly handling is performed.

[0118] It should be noted that invalid sensors are those that handle abnormal operating conditions. The battery status parameters collected by sensors in abnormal operating conditions may lead to incorrect estimations of the battery module's operating status.

[0119] For example, the first level of anomaly handling is to prohibit charging and discharging the battery module. If the number of invalid sensors on the first isothermal interface is greater than or equal to a first threshold, then charging and discharging the battery module in the electronic device is prohibited.

[0120] It should be understood that the first threshold is related to the number of sensors set on the first isothermal interface.

[0121] For example, when three sensors are set on the first isothermal interface, the first threshold can be set to 3. If the number of invalid sensors on the first isothermal interface is equal to 3, it means that there are no valid sensors on the first isothermal interface, and charging and discharging of the battery module in the electronic device is prohibited.

[0122] For example, when four sensors are set on the first isothermal interface, the first threshold can be set to 4. If the number of invalid sensors on the first isothermal interface is equal to 4, it means that there are no valid sensors on the first isothermal interface, and charging and discharging of the battery module in the electronic device is prohibited.

[0123] It should be understood that the specific conditions for triggering the first level of exception handling can be adjusted by setting different values ​​for the first threshold.

[0124] For example, if four sensors are set on the first isothermal interface, and the first threshold is set to 4, it means that the first-level anomaly handling method will be executed when there are no valid sensors on the first isothermal interface; if the first threshold is set to 2, it means that the first-level anomaly handling method will be executed as long as there are two or more invalid sensors on the first isothermal interface. Obviously, when the first threshold is set to 2, the specific conditions for the first isothermal anomaly handling may be more easily triggered.

[0125] It should be noted that the battery module may also include multiple isothermal interfaces. When the battery module includes multiple isothermal interfaces, the electronic device can also perform subsequent steps:

[0126] In one implementation, the electronic device determines the number of isothermal interfaces that meet a first condition. If the number of isothermal interfaces that meet the first condition is greater than or equal to a second threshold, then a second level of anomaly handling is performed. The first condition is that there are no valid sensors on the isothermal interfaces.

[0127] For example, the second-level exception handling can be the same as the first-level exception handling, which is to prohibit the charging and discharging of the battery module.

[0128] It should be noted that the second threshold is related to the number of isothermal interfaces within the battery module.

[0129] In one implementation, if the number of isothermal interfaces that meet the first condition is less than the second threshold, then the third level of exception handling is performed.

[0130] For example, the third-level anomaly handling involves limiting the charging and discharging power of the battery module. It is evident that the first and second-level anomaly handling methods are more stringent than the third-level anomaly handling methods.

[0131] The following example illustrates how to determine the handling method when a battery module includes multiple isothermal interfaces.

[0132] For example, the battery module includes six isothermal interfaces: isothermal interface 1, isothermal interface 2, isothermal interface 3, isothermal interface 4, isothermal interface 5, and isothermal interface 6. Three sensors are installed on each isothermal interface. The aforementioned second threshold is preset to 4. The presence of valid sensors on the six isothermal interfaces of the battery module is determined sequentially.

[0133] When the number of isothermal interfaces without effective sensors is 6 (greater than the second threshold), the battery module can be subjected to a second level of abnormal handling, such as prohibiting the charging and discharging of the battery module.

[0134] When the number of isothermal interfaces without effective sensors is 2 (less than the second threshold), a third-level abnormal handling method can be implemented for the battery module, such as limiting the charging and discharging power of the battery module.

[0135] If there are effective sensors on all six isothermal surfaces of the battery module, there is no need to perform any abnormal handling on the battery module.

[0136] Based on this, the handling of third-level anomalies can be further refined by setting different limits on charging and discharging power.

[0137] For example, the original charge / discharge power is 200W. When the number of isothermal interfaces without effective sensors is 1, the charge / discharge power can be limited to 180W; when the number of isothermal interfaces without effective sensors is 2, the charge / discharge power can be limited to 160W; when the number of isothermal interfaces without effective sensors is 3, the charge / discharge power can be limited to 140W. As the number of isothermal interfaces without effective sensors increases, the charge / discharge power decreases.

[0138] Furthermore, before determining the number of isothermal interfaces meeting the first condition, it is necessary to sequentially determine whether each isothermal interface satisfies the first condition. This means determining whether a valid sensor exists on any one of at least one isothermal interface. If a valid sensor exists, it indicates that even if an invalid sensor exists on that isothermal interface, another valid sensor will replace it and function normally.

[0139] The following describes the specific method for determining whether there are effective sensors on the first isothermal interface, assuming that the first isothermal interface includes three sensors:

[0140] For example, the first isothermal interface includes three sensors: a first sensor, a second sensor, and a third sensor. The first sensor collects the temperature value of the first sensor, the second sensor collects the temperature value of the second sensor, and the third sensor collects the temperature value of the third sensor. The system acquires the temperature values ​​of the first, second, and third sensors; determines a first temperature difference based on the temperature values ​​of the first and second sensors; determines a second temperature difference based on the temperature values ​​of the first and third sensors; and determines a third temperature difference based on the temperature values ​​of the second and third sensors. When the first, second, and third temperature differences are less than or equal to a third threshold, the three sensors are determined to be valid sensors; when the first temperature difference is less than or equal to the third threshold, and the second and third temperature differences are greater than the third threshold, the first and second sensors are determined to be valid sensors.

[0141] It is understandable that the temperatures collected by multiple sensors set on the same isothermal interface should be roughly the same. If the temperature difference is greater than a certain threshold, it indicates that there may be invalid sensors. Based on this, invalid sensors and valid sensors can be determined according to the temperature difference values ​​collected by each sensor.

[0142] For example, the third threshold is set to 1℃. Sensors A1, A2, and A3 are arranged on the isothermal interface 1. The temperature value of sensor A1 is 30℃, the temperature value of sensor A2 is 30.5℃, and the temperature value of sensor A3 is 30.2℃. The temperature difference between sensor A1 and sensor A2 is 0.5℃, meaning the first temperature difference is less than the third threshold; the temperature difference between sensor A1 and sensor A3 is 0.2℃, meaning the second temperature difference is less than the third threshold; and the temperature difference between sensor A2 and sensor A3 is 0.3℃, meaning the third temperature difference is less than the third threshold. Therefore, the temperature difference between the three sensors on the isothermal interface 1 does not exceed the second threshold, indicating that there are effective sensors (including sensors A1, A2, and A3) on the isothermal interface 1.

[0143] For example, let's set the third threshold to 1℃. Sensors A1, A2, and A3 are arranged on the isothermal interface 1. The temperature value of sensor A1 is 30℃, the temperature value of sensor A2 is 30.5℃, and the temperature value of sensor A3 is 35℃. The temperature difference between sensor A1 and sensor A2 is 0.5℃, meaning the first temperature difference is less than the third threshold; the temperature difference between sensor A1 and sensor A3 is 5℃, meaning the second temperature difference is greater than the third threshold; and the temperature difference between sensor A2 and sensor A3 is 4.5℃, meaning the third temperature difference is greater than the third threshold. Therefore, there are effective sensors (including sensors A1 and A2) on the isothermal interface 1, and sensor A3 is the ineffective sensor. Sensors A1 and A2, as effective sensors, can replace sensor A3.

[0144] For example, when the first temperature difference, the second temperature difference, and the third temperature difference are greater than a third threshold, the three sensors are determined to be invalid sensors.

[0145] For example, let's set the third threshold to 1℃. Sensors A1, A2, and A3 are arranged on isothermal interface 1. The temperature value of sensor A1 is 30℃, the temperature value of sensor A2 is 25℃, and the temperature value of sensor A3 is 35℃. The temperature difference between sensor A1 and sensor A2 is 5℃, meaning the first temperature difference is greater than the third threshold; the temperature difference between sensor A1 and sensor A3 is 5℃, meaning the second temperature difference is greater than the third threshold; the temperature difference between sensor A2 and sensor A3 is 10℃, meaning the third temperature difference is greater than the third threshold. Therefore, since the temperature differences between the three sensors on isothermal interface 1 all exceed the third threshold, it's impossible to determine if there are any invalid sensors, and thus, it's impossible to determine whether there are any valid sensors on the isothermal interface. If no valid sensors can be determined on the isothermal interface, it is assumed that there are no valid sensors on the isothermal interface.

[0146] In one implementation, at least two isothermal interfaces include a first isothermal interface, a second isothermal interface, and a third isothermal interface; based on the first isothermal interface satisfying a first condition, the second isothermal interface satisfying a first condition, and the third isothermal interface satisfying a first condition, it is determined that second-level exception handling will be performed.

[0147] For example, at least two isothermal interfaces include isothermal interface 1, isothermal interface 2, and isothermal interface 3. When there are no valid sensors on any of these three isothermal interfaces, a second-level anomaly handling can be performed, prohibiting the charging and discharging of the battery module.

[0148] In one implementation, at least two isothermal interfaces include a first isothermal interface, a second isothermal interface, and a third isothermal interface; based on the first isothermal interface satisfying the second condition, the second isothermal interface satisfying the second condition, and the third isothermal interface satisfying the second condition, it is determined that no exception handling will be performed.

[0149] For example, at least two isothermal interfaces include isothermal interface 1, isothermal interface 2, and isothermal interface 3. When there are valid sensors on all three isothermal interfaces, no abnormal handling mode needs to be executed, and the electronic device continues to operate normally.

[0150] Based on the above solution, an isothermal interface is defined within the battery module, and multiple sensors are set on this interface. These sensors on the same isothermal interface are used to collect the temperature at that interface. If an invalid sensor exists, as long as a working sensor is present on the isothermal interface, it can replace the invalid sensor to collect battery status parameters, avoiding immediate fault reporting. This reduces the battery module's fault rate while ensuring accurate estimation of battery status and performance.

[0151] This application also provides an electronic device that may include the aforementioned battery module, such as battery module 20, battery module 30, or battery module 40. The battery module can power the electronic device. The electronic device may be a vehicle, a mobile terminal, etc.

[0152] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a battery module and is used to perform the following steps: Determine whether there is a valid sensor on the first isothermal interface, wherein the valid sensor is a sensor in normal working condition; If the effective sensor is present on the first isothermal interface, the electronic device continues to operate normally; The battery module includes multiple battery cells; The plurality of battery cells are arranged along a first direction and a second direction of the battery module; The first isothermal interface of the battery module intersects with the first surface at a first part. The first surface is the top surface formed by the multiple battery cells arranged in a row. Multiple sensors are spaced apart on the first part. The temperature on the first isothermal interface is within a first temperature range.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic device is used to perform the following steps: Determine the number of invalid sensors on the first isothermal interface, wherein the invalid sensors are sensors that are in an abnormal working state; If the number of invalid sensors on the first isothermal interface is greater than or equal to the first threshold, then the first level of anomaly handling is performed.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery module also includes multiple isothermal interfaces, each of which is equipped with multiple sensors. The electronic device is used to perform the following steps: Determine the number of isothermal interfaces that satisfy a first condition, where the first condition is that there are no effective sensors on the isothermal interfaces; If the number of isothermal interfaces that meet the first condition is greater than or equal to the second threshold, then the second level of anomaly handling is performed.

4. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic device is also used to perform the following steps: If the number of isothermal interfaces that meet the first condition is less than the second threshold, then the third level of anomaly handling is performed, where the first condition is that there are no valid sensors on the isothermal interface.

5. The electronic device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first isothermal interface includes three sensors, namely a first sensor, a second sensor, and a third sensor. The specific steps for determining whether a valid sensor exists on the first isothermal interface are as follows: Acquire the temperature values ​​of the first sensor, the second sensor, and the third sensor; A first temperature difference is determined based on the temperature values ​​of the first sensor and the second sensor. The second temperature difference is determined based on the temperature values ​​of the first sensor and the third sensor. A third temperature difference value is determined based on the temperature values ​​of the second sensor and the third sensor. When the first temperature difference, the second temperature difference, and the third temperature difference are less than or equal to the third threshold, the three sensors are determined to be effective sensors. When the first temperature difference is less than or equal to the third threshold, and the second temperature difference is greater than the third threshold, the first sensor and the second sensor are determined to be the effective sensors.

6. The electronic device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The electronic device is also used to perform the following steps: When the first temperature difference, the second temperature difference, and the third temperature difference are all greater than the third threshold, the three sensors are determined to be invalid sensors.

7. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The battery module further includes a second isothermal interface, which intersects the first surface in a second portion. Multiple sensors are spaced apart on the second portion. The temperature on the second isothermal interface is within a second temperature range, which is different from the first temperature range.

8. The electronic device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The battery module also includes a third isothermal interface, which intersects with the first surface in a third portion. Multiple sensors are spaced apart on the third portion. The temperature on the third isothermal interface is in a third temperature range, which is different from the first temperature range, the second temperature range, and the third temperature range.

9. The electronic device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The difference between the first temperature range and the second temperature range is equal to the difference between the second temperature range and the third temperature range.

10. The electronic device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first temperature range is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold, and the third temperature range is greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold, wherein the second temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold.

11. The electronic device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The first temperature range is smaller than the second temperature range, and the second temperature range is smaller than the third temperature range.

12. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, 8 to 10, characterized in that, The battery is one of the following: Lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, and magnesium-ion batteries.

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