Novel twisted waveguide EH surface converter
By using a single-layer gap waveguide structure and a double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure at the cavity gap of the E and H surfaces of the torsion waveguide, the problems of large insertion loss and serious cavity gap resonance during use in the high frequency band are solved, and EH-plane conversion with low insertion loss, wide band and low return loss are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510270649.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-06
AI Technical Summary
In the field of sub-terahertz-terahertz communication technology, torsion waveguides have problems with large insertion loss and serious resonance of the H-face cavity slot when used in high frequency bands, making it difficult to achieve EH-face conversion with low insertion loss, wide band and low return loss.
A single-layer gap waveguide structure and a double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure are used, which are located at the cavity gaps of the E and H surfaces of the torsion waveguide respectively, forming a high-impedance boundary to prevent the generation of cavity resonance and ensure that electromagnetic waves continue to propagate in the rectangular waveguide.
EH plane conversion with low insertion loss, wide band and low return loss in the sub-terahertz-terahertz band is achieved, with good tolerance performance and easy machining and integration.
Smart Images
Figure CN120109477A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of sub-terahertz-terahertz communication, and specifically provides a novel twisted waveguide EH surface converter. Background Art
[0002] As a potential frequency band for realizing 6G technology, the terahertz band has been widely studied in recent years. As a good transmission device, twist waveguide has also attracted wide attention in the terahertz band. However, with the increase of carrier frequency, in the sub-terahertz band and above, devices using twist waveguide for connection and transmission face problems such as large insertion loss and serious H-plane cavity gap resonance. In the field of sub-terahertz-terahertz communication technology, the long side and short side of the waveguide mouth are often opposite during the connection of two communication devices. In this case, an EH plane converter is needed to connect the two communication devices. Therefore, in practical engineering applications, it is urgent to develop a sub-terahertz-terahertz wave EH plane conversion waveguide device with low insertion loss, wide bandwidth, low return loss and strong processability.
[0003] As a commonly used electromagnetic wave transmission device, twist waveguide is often used to change the polarization direction of battery waves. However, most of the existing twist waveguides have problems such as low operating frequency band, narrow operating bandwidth and difficult processing, making them difficult to apply in actual engineering. In addition, for the twist waveguide, after the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave rotates, the slits of the upper and lower cavities will inevitably cut the H-plane of the rectangular waveguide. Since the upper and lower cavities cannot be completely fitted, the surface current of the H-plane will be cut off, and the electromagnetic wave will resonate in the cavity gap, which will lead to a serious decrease in the transmission performance of the twist waveguide, especially in the terahertz frequency band. Due to the characteristics of high frequency and short wavelength, the influence of the cavity gap on the twist waveguide is more serious. Therefore, in response to this problem, the present invention provides a novel twist waveguide EH surface converter, which is applied to the sub-terahertz-terahertz frequency band. Summary of the invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel twist waveguide EH surface converter, which is used to solve the problem of serious degradation of transmission performance of EH surface conversion waveguide devices in the sub-terahertz-terahertz frequency band due to cavity gaps; the present invention creatively proposes a single-layer gap waveguide structure and a double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure combined with a twist waveguide, and the stop bands of the two can cover the working frequency band of the twist waveguide. The single-layer gap waveguide structure and the double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure are respectively located on both sides of the twist waveguide cavity gap. A high impedance boundary is formed at the cavity gap of the twist waveguide through the single-layer gap waveguide structure and the double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure, so that electromagnetic waves are bound in a rectangular waveguide to continue to propagate, and at the same time, the generation of cavity resonance is prevented, thereby ensuring the transmission performance of the EH surface conversion waveguide device.
[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
[0006] A novel twist waveguide EH surface converter, characterized in that the EH surface converter comprises: an input rectangular waveguide, a 90° twist waveguide, an output rectangular waveguide, a single-layer gap waveguide structure, and a double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure, wherein the two ends of the 90° twist waveguide are respectively connected to an input rectangular waveguide and an output rectangular waveguide with orthogonal polarizations, the 90° twist waveguide is respectively provided with a single-layer gap waveguide structure at a cavity gap on an E surface, and the 90° twist waveguide is respectively provided with a double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure at a cavity gap on an H surface.
[0007] Furthermore, the input rectangular waveguide and the output rectangular waveguide are both standard rectangular waveguides.
[0008] Furthermore, the single-layer gap waveguide structure is composed of a number of periodic units arranged periodically, each periodic unit in the single-layer gap waveguide structure adopts the same structure, and the periodic unit is composed of an upper cavity, a lower cavity and a metal column. The bottom end of the metal column is connected to the upper cavity or the lower cavity, and the top end maintains a gap with the other cavity.
[0009] Furthermore, the double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure is composed of a number of periodic units arranged periodically, and any adjacent periodic units in the double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure are in a reverse symmetric relationship. The periodic unit is composed of an upper cavity, a lower cavity and a metal column, and the bottom end of the metal column is connected to the upper cavity or the lower cavity, and the top end maintains a gap with the other cavity.
[0010] Furthermore, in the single-layer gap waveguide structure and the double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure, the stop band of any periodic unit covers the working frequency band of the EH surface converter.
[0011] Based on the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0012] The present invention provides a novel twisted waveguide EH surface converter, which combines the EH surface twisted waveguide with the gap waveguide technology to solve the influence of cavity processing on the cutting of the rectangular waveguide H surface. Since the EH surface twisted waveguide is a passive device, the technical solution provided by the present invention can be reasonably scaled to design an EH surface waveguide converter with an arbitrary waveguide full-band working in the sub-terahertz frequency band; and the EH surface converter provided by the present invention has the characteristics of high working frequency band, large working bandwidth, low insertion loss, easy processing and integration, etc.; at the same time, the EH surface converter provided by the present invention Two gap waveguide structures, a single-layer gap waveguide structure and a double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure, are adopted. The stop bands of the two structures can cover the entire working frequency band of the twist waveguide, and high-impedance boundaries are formed at the gaps of the E-plane and H-plane of the twist waveguide, so that even when there are gaps in the upper and lower cavities, the electromagnetic waves can be confined to propagate in the rectangular waveguide, thereby preventing the occurrence of cavity resonance; in addition, the EH surface waveguide converter provided by the present invention has good tolerance performance, and can still have good working performance when the processing error causes the left and right to be offset by 10 microns and the upper and lower to be offset by 5 microns. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the novel twisted waveguide EH surface converter in the present invention.
[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single-layer gap waveguide of the novel twisted waveguide EH surface converter in the present invention.
[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide of the novel twisted waveguide EH surface converter in the present invention.
[0016] Figure 4 This is the S21 amplitude curve of the novel twisted waveguide EH surface converter in the present invention.
[0017] Figure 5 This is the S11 amplitude curve of the novel twisted waveguide EH surface converter in the present invention.
[0018] Figure 6 This is a tolerance performance curve of the novel twisted waveguide EH surface converter in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0020] This embodiment provides a novel twisted waveguide EH surface converter, whose structure is as follows: Figure 1As shown, it includes: an input rectangular waveguide, a 90° twist waveguide, an output rectangular waveguide, a single-layer gap waveguide structure, and a double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure, wherein the two ends of the 90° twist waveguide are respectively connected to the input rectangular waveguide and the output rectangular waveguide with orthogonal polarizations, the 90° twist waveguide is respectively provided with a single-layer gap waveguide structure at the cavity gap of the E surface, and the 90° twist waveguide is respectively provided with a double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure at the cavity gap of the H surface.
[0021] Furthermore, the input rectangular waveguide and the output rectangular waveguide both adopt standard rectangular waveguides, and the sub-terahertz wave is input from the input rectangular waveguide, and after passing through the 90° twist waveguide, the output rectangular waveguide outputs the sub-terahertz wave with the polarization direction rotated 90°.
[0022] Furthermore, the 90° twisted waveguide is formed by rotating a standard rectangular waveguide and performing partial cutting and patching to meet micro-mechanical milling processing conditions.
[0023] Furthermore, the single-layer gap waveguide structure is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the single-layer gap waveguide structure is composed of a number of periodic units arranged periodically. Each periodic unit in the single-layer gap waveguide structure adopts the same structure. The periodic unit is composed of an upper cavity, a lower cavity and a metal column. The bottom end of the metal column is connected to the upper cavity or the lower cavity, and the top end maintains a gap with the other cavity.
[0024] Furthermore, the double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure is composed of a number of periodic units arranged periodically. Any adjacent periodic units in the double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure are in a reverse symmetric relationship. The periodic unit is composed of an upper cavity, a lower cavity and a metal column. The bottom end of the metal column is connected to the upper cavity or the lower cavity, and the top end maintains a gap with the other cavity; that is, in any two adjacent periodic units, the metal column of one periodic unit is located in the lower cavity, and the metal column of the other periodic unit is located in the upper cavity.
[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with simulation tests.
[0026] The twist waveguide EH plane converter described in this embodiment covers the full frequency band of 260GHz to 400GHz. The input rectangular waveguide and the output rectangular waveguide adopt standard rectangular waveguides. The E-plane electromagnetic wave is input from the input rectangular waveguide, and after being rotated by 90° twist waveguide, the H-plane electromagnetic wave is output from the output rectangular waveguide, realizing a 90° polarization direction conversion. The sub-terahertz signals of the input rectangular waveguide and the output rectangular waveguide can be connected to other devices through a waveguide cavity with a standard flange; in addition, it should be noted that in the single-layer gap waveguide structure and the double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure, the upper cavity and the lower cavity themselves may not be in contact, and the cavity gap is allowed to exist.
[0027] The dispersion characteristics of the periodic unit in the single-layer gap waveguide structure are simulated, and the results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, its stop band covers the entire 260 GHz to 400 GHz, thereby achieving a wave blocking effect.
[0028] The dispersion characteristics of any two adjacent periodic units in the double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure are simulated, and the results are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, its stop band also covers the entire 260 GHz to 400 GHz, thereby achieving a wave blocking effect, and the double-layer gap waveguide structure has a low height and can be better designed on both sides of the rectangular waveguide cut on the H plane.
[0029] The S parameters of the twisted waveguide EH surface converter are simulated, and the S21 amplitude curve is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the S11 amplitude curve is as follows Figure 5 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that it has low reflection in the full frequency band of the standard rectangular waveguide and is suitable for broadband signal transmission.
[0030] The tolerance performance of the twist waveguide EH surface converter is simulated, and the tolerance performance curve is as follows: Figure 6 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that due to processing and other factors, when the gap waveguide structure (single-layer gap waveguide structure and double-layer reverse symmetrical gap waveguide structure) is staggered by 10 microns on the left and right and has an error of 5 microns on the top and bottom, the working performance of the converter remains basically unchanged, indicating that the gap waveguide structure has good tolerance performance and high processability.
[0031] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention. Any feature disclosed in this specification, unless otherwise stated, can be replaced by other alternative features that are equivalent or have similar purposes; all the disclosed features, or all the steps in the methods or processes, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any way.
Claims
1. A novel twisted waveguide EH surface converter, characterized in that: The EH plane converter comprises: an input rectangular waveguide, a 90° twist waveguide, an output rectangular waveguide, a single-layer gap waveguide structure, and a double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure, wherein the two ends of the 90° twist waveguide are respectively connected to an input rectangular waveguide and an output rectangular waveguide with orthogonal polarizations, the 90° twist waveguide is respectively provided with a single-layer gap waveguide structure at the cavity gap of the E plane, and the 90° twist waveguide is respectively provided with a double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure at the cavity gap of the H plane.
2. According to claim 1, the novel twisted waveguide EH surface converter is characterized in that: The input rectangular waveguide and the output rectangular waveguide are both standard rectangular waveguides.
3. According to claim 1, the novel twisted waveguide EH surface converter is characterized in that: The single-layer gap waveguide structure is composed of a plurality of periodic units arranged periodically. Each periodic unit in the single-layer gap waveguide structure adopts the same structure. The periodic unit is composed of an upper cavity, a lower cavity and a metal column. The bottom end of the metal column is connected to the upper cavity or the lower cavity, and the top end maintains a gap with the other cavity.
4. The novel twisted waveguide EH surface converter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure is composed of a plurality of periodic units arranged periodically. Any adjacent periodic units in the double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure are in a reverse symmetric relationship. The periodic unit is composed of an upper cavity, a lower cavity and a metal column. The bottom end of the metal column is connected to the upper cavity or the lower cavity, and the top end maintains a gap with the other cavity.
5. The novel twisted waveguide EH surface converter according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: In the single-layer gap waveguide structure and the double-layer reverse symmetric gap waveguide structure, the stop band of any period unit covers the working frequency band of the EH surface converter.