High-voltage switchgear with intelligent safety device and control method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-voltage switchgear with an intelligent safety device and a control method, which relates to the field of high-voltage switchgear safety control technology, including a high-voltage switchgear body and an intelligent safety device. The intelligent safety device includes a safety risk monitoring module, a risk processing instruction generation module, and a risk processing device. By integrating the intelligent safety device, the present invention enables the high-voltage switchgear to monitor potential safety risks in real time and respond in a timely manner. By collecting visual images, audio data, operating data, vibration data, and internal air pressure data, all-round and multi-angle monitoring of the high-voltage switchgear is achieved. The risk processing instruction generation module can automatically analyze the monitoring data and generate corresponding risk processing instructions, thereby improving the efficiency and speed of risk processing and significantly reducing the probability of accidents. Then, through a safety processing controller based on a control chip, the risks are automatically handled, effectively reducing the accident response time and reducing the damage that may be caused by the accident.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high-voltage switchgear safety control, and in particular to a high-voltage switchgear with an intelligent safety device and a control method. Background Art

[0002] High-voltage switchgear consists of circuit breakers and a cabinet body, which includes electrical components, secondary terminals, and a metal housing. The complex structure of this equipment can lead to arc faults and creepage if improperly installed or if component performance does not meet standards, resulting in safety incidents.

[0003] High-voltage switchgear can generate high-pressure steam during operation due to faults such as short circuits. Inadequate explosion-proof performance can cause the switchgear to explode. Key issues include inadequate pressure relief channels and improperly designed ventilation and heat dissipation vents.

[0004] Existing technologies use overload protection, protection of electrical connections, environmental monitoring devices, leakage protection devices, reasonable exhaust systems and fire extinguishing equipment to implement safety control, aiming to improve the safety and reliability of the equipment.

[0005] However, the problem with the above-mentioned safety protection devices is that although some equipment has certain self-diagnosis and alarm functions, the overall intelligence level needs to be improved, and potential safety risks cannot be identified and analyzed, and the risk resistance to cabinet explosion in extreme situations is insufficient. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems of safety protection of high-voltage switchgear, the present invention provides a high-voltage switchgear with an intelligent safety device and a control method. The following technical solutions are adopted:

[0007] A high-voltage switchgear with an intelligent safety device includes a high-voltage switchgear body and an intelligent safety device. The intelligent safety device includes a safety risk monitoring module, a risk processing instruction generation module and a risk processing device. The safety risk monitoring module collects visual images, audio data, and air pressure data within a set range around and inside the high-voltage switchgear body, and collects operating data and vibration data of the high-voltage switchgear body. The risk processing instruction generation module is communicated with the safety risk monitoring module, analyzes whether there is a safety risk and the type of risk based on the visual image, audio data and vibration data, and generates a risk processing instruction based on the risk type. The risk processing device includes an automatic power-off control device, an automatic fire extinguishing device, an automatic pressure relief device and a safety handling controller based on a control chip. The safety handling controller is communicated with the risk handling instruction generation module to exchange risk handling instructions, and controls the execution actions of the automatic power-off control device, the automatic fire extinguishing device and the automatic pressure relief device respectively based on the risk handling instructions.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution and integrating intelligent safety devices, the high-voltage switchgear can monitor potential safety risks in real time and respond in a timely manner. By collecting visual images, audio data, operating data, vibration data and internal air pressure data, all-round and multi-angle monitoring of the high-voltage switchgear is achieved. The risk processing instruction generation module can intelligently analyze the presence of safety risks and the types of safety risks based on visual images, audio data, operating data, vibration data and internal air pressure data. The analysis method can be based on visual feature recognition or based on the trained large model intelligent analysis to obtain the types of safety risks. For high-voltage switchgear, the risk types include arc fault risk, mechanical failure risk, etc. The risks of arc fault, fire and internal overpressure are as follows. Arc fault risk is a common risk in high-voltage switchgear. The automatic power-off control device disconnects the power supply to remind the staff to deal with it in time. Mechanical failure risks include structural damage such as damage to the outer box. The automatic power-off control device also needs to disconnect the power supply to remind the staff to deal with it in time. For fire risks, only using power-off operations may cause greater losses due to fire. While using power-off operations, the automatic fire extinguishing device is controlled to perform fire extinguishing operations. Similarly, when analyzing the existence of internal overpressure risks, such as excessive internal air pressure caused by steam, it is necessary to control the automatic pressure relief device to relieve pressure in time to avoid safety risks caused by overpressure.

[0009] The risk handling instruction generation module can automatically analyze monitoring data and generate corresponding risk handling instructions without human intervention, thereby improving the efficiency and speed of risk handling and significantly reducing the probability of accidents. It then automatically handles risks through a safety handling controller based on a control chip, effectively reducing accident response time and reducing the damage that may be caused by accidents.

[0010] The integration of multiple risk management devices such as automatic power-off control devices, automatic fire extinguishing devices and automatic pressure relief devices enables high-voltage switchgear to cope with a variety of different safety risks.

[0011] The automated design of the system reduces the risk of operators directly contacting the high-voltage switchgear and improves operator safety.

[0012] Through real-time monitoring and timely risk management, the overall reliability and stability of high-voltage switchgear are improved, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the power system. Intelligent safety devices can also record and analyze accident data, which helps in subsequent accident investigations and the formulation of preventive measures.

[0013] Optionally, the safety risk monitoring module includes an external camera, an internal camera, an internal audio acquisition microphone, a vibration sensor, an air pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a switch cabinet operation data acquisition module. The external camera is installed outside the high-voltage switch cabinet body through a bracket to capture visual images within a five-meter range around the high-voltage switch cabinet body. The internal camera is installed inside the high-voltage switch cabinet body to collect visual images inside the high-voltage switch cabinet body. The internal audio acquisition microphone and the vibration sensor are respectively installed in the high-voltage switch cabinet body to collect audio data and vibration data inside the high-voltage switch cabinet body respectively. The air pressure sensor is used to collect the internal air pressure of the high-voltage switch cabinet body. The temperature sensor is used to collect the internal temperature of the high-voltage switch cabinet body. The switch cabinet operation data acquisition module is electrically connected to the high-voltage switch cabinet body to collect the operating voltage and current data of the high-voltage switch cabinet body. The external camera, internal camera, internal audio acquisition microphone, vibration sensor, air pressure sensor, temperature sensor and switch cabinet operation data acquisition module are respectively communicated with the risk processing instruction generation module.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, by integrating external cameras, internal cameras, internal audio acquisition microphones, vibration sensors, air pressure sensors, temperature sensors and switchgear operation data acquisition modules, all-round monitoring of high-voltage switchgear is achieved, including visual, auditory, vibration, air pressure and operating voltage and current parameters, thereby enabling a more comprehensive assessment of the operating status of the switchgear.

[0015] By collecting and analyzing data in real time, abnormal conditions can be detected in a timely manner, such as increased temperature, abnormal sounds, increased vibration, etc. These may be precursors to equipment failure, thereby achieving early risk identification and early warning.

[0016] By monitoring and analyzing data, appropriate risk management measures can be taken before potential safety risks develop into serious accidents, such as automatic power outage, fire extinguishing or pressure relief, thereby preventing accidents from happening.

[0017] The use of internal and external cameras can monitor operator actions or other uncontrollable illegal operations and other safety risks. The switchgear operation data acquisition module can provide accurate voltage and current data, which is crucial for diagnosing equipment performance and formulating maintenance plans.

[0018] Optionally, the risk processing instruction generation module includes an input and output interface, a memory and a computer, the input terminals of the input and output interface are respectively communicatively connected to the data output ends of the external camera, the internal camera, the internal audio acquisition microphone, the vibration sensor, the air pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the switch cabinet operation data acquisition module, the memory is communicatively connected to the input and output interface, and the computer is communicatively connected to the memory to interactively collect multi-source data. The computer deploys a weighted risk assessment model based on multi-source information fusion, an improved fuzzy Petri net instruction decision model and a risk instruction database, inputs the multi-source data into the weighted risk assessment model to output whether there is a safety risk and the type of risk, the risk types including arc fault risk, mechanical failure risk, fire risk and internal overvoltage risk, if it is determined that there is a safety risk, the computer inputs the risk type into the improved fuzzy Petri net instruction decision model, the improved fuzzy Petri net instruction decision model outputs a matching instruction number, the computer retrieves the control instruction and control object from the risk instruction database based on the instruction number, and transmits the control instruction to the safety disposal controller through the output end of the input and output interface.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the computer first pre-processes the collected multi-source data, including denoising and normalization, to improve the accuracy of subsequent analysis.

[0020] Extract features from preprocessed data, such as using Fourier transform to extract frequency features of vibration data, and using image processing technology to extract features of visual data.

[0021] The extracted features are input into the weighted risk assessment model to calculate the risk value R. Assuming that the collected data points are D= { d1, d2, …, d n} , where d i Represents the i-th type of data (such as vision, audio, vibration, etc.), first for each type of data d i Extract feature F i , for each feature F i Assign weight W i , calculate the risk score R for each feature i , R i =f ( F i , W i) ;

[0022] Set the score threshold for each feature. If the score exceeds the threshold, it is directly judged that there is a security risk.

[0023] Where f is the scoring function, which can be linear or nonlinear.

[0024] Calculate the total risk score R:

[0025] Set a total risk score threshold. If no single security risk exists, but the total risk score is greater than the total risk score threshold, a security risk is still output.

[0026] Risk handling instruction generation is a dynamic decision-making process based on multimodal risk assessment, which can be mathematically expressed as follows:

[0027] Risk characteristic coding matrix:

[0028] C ( t ) =Φ softmax ( R(t) ) ;

[0029] where Φ is a 4 × 4 risk type-severity matrix (arc fault, mechanical failure, fire, overvoltage × minor / moderate / serious / critical);

[0030] Real-time priority calculation:

[0031]

[0032] γ∈[0,1] is the state stability coefficient (dynamically estimated by Kalman filtering)

[0033] Adopting the improved fuzzy Petri net decision model:

[0034] Rule base structure: Node set: N = {sensor anomaly, arc characteristics, temperature and pressure rate, ...}

[0035] Transfer function: (σ is the Sigmoid function, and the weight w is trained using the fault case library)

[0036] Execute the instruction generation function:

[0037]

[0038] Where: μ i( t ) is the membership degree of the i-th risk, I ik is the association matrix between risk type i and execution device k, θ k is the activation threshold of actuator k;

[0039] For example, arc fault risk management:

[0040] When a di / dt current rise rate of >15kA / μs is detected, accompanied by ultraviolet visual characteristics;

[0041] The control objects are the automatic power-off control device and the automatic pressure relief device, and the control instructions are power-off control and pressure relief start-up. Of course, the instructions for sound and light alarms can also be added.

[0042] Modeling using time Petri net:

[0043]

[0044] Optionally, the automatic power-off control device includes a first automatic switch and a second automatic switch, the first automatic switch is the circuit breaker of the high-voltage switchgear body, and the second automatic switch is used to control the on and off of the high-voltage switchgear body connected to the mains power line. When the risk processing instruction generation module outputs that there is a safety risk, the computer outputs a circuit disconnection instruction to the safety disposal controller through the output end of the input and output interface, and the safety disposal controller controls the first automatic switch and the second automatic switch to disconnect based on the circuit disconnection instruction.

[0045] By adopting the above technical solution, two automatic switches are used to implement the power-off operation, wherein the first automatic switch can be the circuit breaker of the high-voltage switchgear body. If the circuit breaker of the high-voltage switchgear body is a circuit breaker that can be controlled by signals, it can be used. If not, it needs to be installed additionally. The circuit breaker inside the high-voltage switchgear body has the risk of failure in an emergency. Therefore, the second automatic switch is also used to control the high-voltage switchgear body to access the mains line, thereby ensuring that the power supply can be cut off when a safety risk occurs.

[0046] Optionally, the automatic fire extinguishing device includes a bracket and a hot aerosol automatic fire extinguishing device, and the hot aerosol automatic fire extinguishing device notifies the bracket to be installed above the high-voltage switchgear body. When the risk processing instruction generation module outputs that there is a safety risk, and the safety risk is a fire risk, the computer outputs a fire extinguishing instruction to the safety disposal controller through the output end of the input and output interface, and the safety disposal controller controls the hot aerosol automatic fire extinguishing device to start fire extinguishing based on the fire extinguishing instruction.

[0047] By adopting the above technical solution, the automatic hot aerosol fire extinguishing device can achieve automated control via electrical signals. The S-type aerosol fire extinguishing agent it releases is primarily composed of nitrogen dioxide (N2), a small amount of carbon dioxide (CO2), and solid metal salt particles, all of which are non-toxic. In actual firefighting, the S-type aerosol spraying process takes only about one minute, and complete extinguishing takes only two to three minutes, a process that is harmless to humans. It offers high fire extinguishing efficiency and no secondary damage to electrical appliances: the S-type aerosol fire extinguishing mechanism primarily absorbs heat and cools the fire, while also chemically inhibiting the fire, resulting in high fire extinguishing efficiency.

[0048] Optionally, the automatic pressure relief device includes a vacuum pump, an integrated block and multiple pressure relief pipes, and the multiple pressure relief pipes are respectively installed on the shell of the high-voltage switchgear body. The integrated block is provided with an air extraction connection port, multiple pressure relief connection ports and multiple internal channels. The air extraction connection port is connected with the multiple pressure relief connection ports through the multiple internal channels. The vacuum extraction port of the vacuum pump is connected with the air extraction connection port of the integrated block through a pipeline. The multiple pressure relief pipes are located at one end outside the shell of the high-voltage switchgear body and are respectively connected with the multiple pressure relief connection ports of the integrated block through pipelines. When the risk processing instruction generation module outputs that there is a safety risk, and the safety risk is an internal overpressure risk, the computer outputs a pressure relief instruction to the safety handling controller through the output end of the input and output interface, and the safety handling controller controls the vacuum pump to start air extraction and pressure relief based on the pressure relief instruction.

[0049] By adopting the above technical solution, the automatic pressure relief device uses the suction force of the vacuum pump to quickly discharge the high-pressure gas inside the high-voltage switchgear body, which can effectively avoid the risk of explosion caused by high pressure.

[0050] Optionally, the safety disposal controller includes an instruction cache and a control chip, the instruction cache is communicatively connected to the output end of the input and output interface, the control chip is communicatively connected to the instruction cache, and respectively controls the execution actions of the first automatic switch, the second automatic switch, the hot aerosol automatic fire extinguishing device and the vacuum pump.

[0051] By adopting the above technical solution, the control chip can realize automatic control of each device.

[0052] A safety control method for a high-voltage switchgear with an intelligent safety device uses a high-voltage switchgear with an intelligent safety device to control the safety risk of the high-voltage switchgear body, comprising the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: The computer and the memory are in communication with each other to collect multi-source data, where the multi-source data includes a visual image within a five-meter radius around the high-voltage switchgear body, a visual image inside the high-voltage switchgear body, audio data, vibration data, internal air pressure data, internal temperature data, and operating voltage and current data of the high-voltage switchgear body.

[0054] Step 2: The computer inputs the multi-source data into a weighted risk assessment model, which then outputs whether there is a security risk and the type of risk.

[0055] Step 3: If it is determined that there is a safety risk, the computer outputs a matching instruction number based on the improved fuzzy Petri net instruction decision model. The computer retrieves the control instruction and control object from the risk instruction database based on the instruction number and transmits them to the safety disposal controller.

[0056] Step 4: The safety disposal controller controls the execution actions of the automatic power-off control device, the automatic fire extinguishing device, and the automatic pressure relief device based on the control instructions and the control objects.

[0057] Optionally, when the risk handling instruction generation module outputs that there is a safety risk, the computer outputs a circuit disconnection instruction to the safety handling controller through the output end of the input / output interface, and the safety handling controller controls the first automatic switch and the second automatic switch to disconnect based on the circuit disconnection instruction;

[0058] If the safety risk is a fire risk, the computer outputs a fire extinguishing instruction to the safety disposal controller through the output end of the input and output interface. The safety disposal controller controls the hot aerosol automatic fire extinguishing device to start extinguishing the fire based on the fire extinguishing instruction.

[0059] If the safety risk is an internal overpressure risk, the computer outputs a pressure relief instruction to the safety disposal controller through the output end of the input / output interface, and the safety disposal controller controls the vacuum pump to start exhausting and relieving pressure based on the pressure relief instruction.

[0060] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0061] The present invention can provide a high-voltage switchgear and a control method with an intelligent safety device. By integrating the intelligent safety device, the high-voltage switchgear can monitor potential safety risks in real time and respond in a timely manner. By collecting visual images, audio data, operating data, vibration data and internal air pressure data, all-round and multi-angle monitoring of the high-voltage switchgear is achieved. The risk processing instruction generation module intelligently analyzes the visual images, audio data, operating data, vibration data and internal air pressure data to determine whether there is a safety risk and the type of safety risk. The analysis method can be based on visual feature recognition, or based on a trained large model intelligent analysis to obtain the type of safety risk. For high-voltage switchgear, the risk types include arc fault risk, mechanical failure risk, fire risk and internal overvoltage risk, etc.

[0062] The risk handling instruction generation module can automatically analyze monitoring data and generate corresponding risk handling instructions without human intervention, thereby improving the efficiency and speed of risk handling and significantly reducing the probability of accidents. It then automatically handles risks through a safety handling controller based on a control chip, effectively reducing accident response time and reducing the damage that may be caused by accidents.

[0063] The integration of multiple risk management devices such as automatic power-off control devices, automatic fire extinguishing devices and automatic pressure relief devices enables high-voltage switchgear to cope with a variety of different safety risks.

[0064] The automated design of the system reduces the risk of operators directly contacting the high-voltage switchgear and improves operator safety.

[0065] Through real-time monitoring and timely risk management, the overall reliability and stability of high-voltage switchgear are improved, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the power system. Intelligent safety devices can also record and analyze accident data, which helps in subsequent accident investigations and the formulation of preventive measures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0066] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection principle of the electrical components of the high-voltage switchgear with intelligent safety device of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a high-voltage switchgear cabinet with an intelligent safety device according to the present invention.

[0068] Description of the drawings: 1. High-voltage switchgear body; 2. Safety risk monitoring module; 21. External camera; 22. Internal camera; 23. Internal audio acquisition microphone; 24. Vibration sensor; 25. Air pressure sensor; 26. Temperature sensor; 27. Switchgear operation data acquisition module; 3. Risk processing instruction generation module; 31. Input and output interface; 32. Memory; 33. Computer; 411. First automatic switch; 412. Second automatic switch; 421. Bracket; 422. Hot aerosol automatic fire extinguishing device; 431. Vacuum pump; 432. Integrated block; 433. Pressure relief pipe; 44. Safety disposal controller; 441. Instruction cache; 442. Control chip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0070] The embodiments of the present invention disclose a high-voltage switchgear with an intelligent safety device and a control method.

[0071] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2, Example 1, a high-voltage switchgear with an intelligent safety device, includes a high-voltage switchgear body 1 and an intelligent safety device, the intelligent safety device includes a safety risk monitoring module 2, a risk processing instruction generation module 3 and a risk processing device, the safety risk monitoring module collects visual images, audio data, and air pressure data within a set range around and inside the high-voltage switchgear body 1, and collects operating data and vibration data of the high-voltage switchgear body 1, the risk processing instruction generation module 3 is communicated with the safety risk monitoring module 2, and analyzes whether there is a safety risk and the type of risk based on the visual image, audio data and vibration data, and generates a risk processing instruction based on the risk type, the risk processing device includes an automatic power-off control device, an automatic fire extinguishing device, an automatic pressure relief device and a safety disposal controller 44 based on a control chip, the safety disposal controller 44 is communicated with the risk processing instruction generation module 3 to exchange risk processing instructions, and controls the execution actions of the automatic power-off control device, the automatic fire extinguishing device and the automatic pressure relief device respectively based on the risk processing instructions.

[0072] By integrating intelligent safety devices, high-voltage switchgear can monitor potential safety risks in real time and respond in a timely manner. By collecting visual images, audio data, operating data, vibration data and internal air pressure data, all-round and multi-angle monitoring of high-voltage switchgear is achieved. The risk processing instruction generation module 3 can intelligently analyze the existence of safety risks and the types of safety risks based on visual images, audio data, operating data, vibration data and internal air pressure data. The analysis method can be based on visual feature recognition or based on the trained large model to obtain the types of safety risks. For high-voltage switchgear, the risk types include arc fault risk, mechanical failure risk, fire risk, etc. Disaster risk and internal overvoltage risk, among which arc fault risk is a common risk of high-voltage switchgear. The automatic power-off control device disconnects the power supply to remind the staff to deal with it in time. Mechanical failure risks include structural damage such as damage to the outer box, and the automatic power-off control device is also required to disconnect the power supply to remind the staff to deal with it in time. For fire risks, simply using power-off operations may cause greater losses due to fire. While using power-off operations, the automatic fire extinguishing device is controlled to perform fire extinguishing operations. Similarly, when analyzing the existence of internal overpressure risks, such as excessive internal air pressure caused by steam, it is necessary to control the automatic pressure relief device to relieve pressure in time to avoid safety risks caused by overpressure.

[0073] The risk handling instruction generation module can automatically analyze monitoring data and generate corresponding risk handling instructions without human intervention, thereby improving the efficiency and speed of risk handling and significantly reducing the probability of accidents. The risk can then be automatically handled through the safety handling controller 44 based on the control chip, effectively reducing the accident response time and the damage that may be caused by the accident.

[0074] The integration of multiple risk management devices such as automatic power-off control devices, automatic fire extinguishing devices and automatic pressure relief devices enables high-voltage switchgear to cope with a variety of different safety risks.

[0075] The automated design of the system reduces the risk of operators directly contacting the high-voltage switchgear and improves operator safety.

[0076] Through real-time monitoring and timely risk management, the overall reliability and stability of high-voltage switchgear are improved, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the power system. Intelligent safety devices can also record and analyze accident data, which helps in subsequent accident investigations and the formulation of preventive measures.

[0077] Example 2, the safety risk monitoring module 2 includes an external camera 21, an internal camera 22, an internal audio collection microphone 23, a vibration sensor 24, an air pressure sensor 25, a temperature sensor 26 and a switch cabinet operation data acquisition module 27. The external camera 21 is installed on the outside of the high-voltage switch cabinet body 1 through a bracket to shoot the visual picture within a five-meter range around the outside of the high-voltage switch cabinet body 1. The internal camera 22 is installed in the high-voltage switch cabinet body 1 to collect the visual picture inside the high-voltage switch cabinet body 1. The internal audio collection microphone 23 and the vibration sensor 24 are respectively installed in the high-voltage switch cabinet body 1. The audio data and vibration data in the high-voltage switchgear body 1 are collected separately. The air pressure sensor 25 is used to collect the air pressure inside the high-voltage switchgear body 1. The temperature sensor 26 is used to collect the internal temperature of the high-voltage switchgear body 1. The switchgear operation data collection module 27 is electrically connected to the high-voltage switchgear body 1 to collect the operating voltage and current data of the high-voltage switchgear body 1. The external camera 21, the internal camera 22, the internal audio collection microphone 23, the vibration sensor 24, the air pressure sensor 25, the temperature sensor 26 and the switchgear operation data collection module 27 are respectively communicated with the risk processing instruction generation module 3.

[0078] By integrating an external camera 21, an internal camera 22, an internal audio acquisition microphone 23, a vibration sensor 24, an air pressure sensor 25, a temperature sensor 26 and a switchgear operation data acquisition module 27, all-round monitoring of the high-voltage switchgear is achieved, including visual, auditory, vibration, air pressure and operating voltage and current parameters, thereby enabling a more comprehensive assessment of the operating status of the switchgear.

[0079] By collecting and analyzing data in real time, abnormal conditions can be detected in a timely manner, such as increased temperature, abnormal sounds, increased vibration, etc. These may be precursors to equipment failure, thereby achieving early risk identification and early warning.

[0080] By monitoring and analyzing data, appropriate risk management measures can be taken before potential safety risks develop into serious accidents, such as automatic power outage, fire extinguishing or pressure relief, thereby preventing accidents from happening.

[0081] The use of internal and external cameras can monitor operator actions or other uncontrollable illegal operations and other safety risks. The switchgear operation data acquisition module can provide accurate voltage and current data, which is crucial for diagnosing equipment performance and formulating maintenance plans.

[0082] In embodiment 3, the risk processing instruction generation module 3 includes an input and output interface 31, a memory 32 and a computer 33. The input terminals of the input and output interface 31 are respectively connected to the external camera 21, the internal camera 22, the internal audio acquisition microphone 23, the vibration sensor 24, the air pressure sensor 25, the temperature sensor 26 and the data output terminal of the switch cabinet operation data acquisition module 27. The memory 32 is connected to the input and output interface 31. The computer 33 is connected to the memory 32 for interactively collecting multi-source data. The computer 33 deploys a weighted risk assessment model based on multi-source information fusion, an improved fuzzy Petri The computer 33 inputs the risk type into the improved fuzzy Petri net instruction decision model and the risk instruction database, and inputs multi-source data into the weighted risk assessment model to output whether there is a safety risk and the risk type. The risk types include arc fault risk, mechanical failure risk, fire risk and internal overvoltage risk. If it is determined that there is a safety risk, the computer 33 inputs the risk type into the improved fuzzy Petri net instruction decision model, and the improved fuzzy Petri net instruction decision model outputs the matching instruction number. The computer 33 retrieves the control instruction and the control object from the risk instruction database based on the instruction number, and transmits the control instruction to the safety disposal controller 44 through the output end of the input and output interface 31.

[0083] The computer 33 first performs preprocessing on the collected multi-source data, including denoising and normalization, to improve the accuracy of subsequent analysis.

[0084] Extract features from preprocessed data, such as using Fourier transform to extract frequency features of vibration data, and using image processing technology to extract features of visual data.

[0085] The extracted features are input into the weighted risk assessment model to calculate the risk value R. Assuming that the collected data points are D= { d1, d2, …, d n} , where d i Represents the i-th type of data (such as vision, audio, vibration, etc.), first for each type of data d i Extract feature F i , for each feature F i Assign weight W i , calculate the risk score R for each feature i , R i =f ( F i , Wi) ;

[0086] Set the score threshold for each feature. If the score exceeds the threshold, it is directly judged that there is a security risk.

[0087] Where f is the scoring function, which can be linear or nonlinear.

[0088] Calculate the total risk score R:

[0089] Set a total risk score threshold. If no single security risk exists, but the total risk score is greater than the total risk score threshold, a security risk is still output.

[0090] Risk handling instruction generation is a dynamic decision-making process based on multimodal risk assessment, which can be mathematically expressed as follows:

[0091] Risk characteristic coding matrix:

[0092] C ( t ) =Φ softmax ( R(t) ) ;

[0093] where Φ is a 4 × 4 risk type-severity matrix (arc fault, mechanical failure, fire, overvoltage × minor / moderate / serious / critical);

[0094] Real-time priority calculation:

[0095]

[0096] γ∈[0,1] is the state stability coefficient (dynamically estimated by Kalman filtering)

[0097] Adopting the improved fuzzy Petri net decision model:

[0098] Rule base structure: Node set: N = {sensor anomaly, arc characteristics, temperature and pressure rate, ...}

[0099] Transfer function: (σ is the Sigmoid function, and the weight w is trained using the fault case library)

[0100] Execute the instruction generation function:

[0101]

[0102] Where: μ i( t ) is the membership degree of the i-th risk, I ik is the association matrix between risk type i and execution device k, θ kis the activation threshold of actuator k;

[0103] For example, arc fault risk management:

[0104] When a di / dt current rise rate of >15kA / μs is detected, accompanied by ultraviolet visual characteristics;

[0105] The control objects are the automatic power-off control device and the automatic pressure relief device, and the control instructions are power-off control and pressure relief start-up. Of course, the instructions for sound and light alarms can also be added.

[0106] Modeling using time Petri net:

[0107]

[0108] Example 4, the automatic power-off control device includes a first automatic switch 411 and a second automatic switch 412. The first automatic switch 411 is the circuit breaker of the high-voltage switchgear body 1, and the second automatic switch 412 is used to control the on and off of the high-voltage switchgear body 1 connected to the mains power line. When the risk processing instruction generation module 3 outputs that there is a safety risk, the computer 33 outputs a circuit disconnection instruction to the safety disposal controller 44 through the output end of the input and output interface 31. The safety disposal controller 44 controls the first automatic switch 411 and the second automatic switch 412 to disconnect based on the circuit disconnection instruction.

[0109] Two automatic switches are used to implement the power-off operation, wherein the first automatic switch 411 can be the circuit breaker of the high-voltage switchgear body 1. If the circuit breaker of the high-voltage switchgear body 1 is a circuit breaker that can be signal-controlled, it can be used. If not, it needs to be installed additionally. The circuit breaker inside the high-voltage switchgear body 1 is at risk of failure in an emergency. Therefore, the second automatic switch 412 is also used to control the high-voltage switchgear body 1 to access the mains line, thereby ensuring that the power supply can be cut off when a safety risk occurs.

[0110] Example 5, the automatic fire extinguishing device includes a bracket 421 and a hot aerosol automatic fire extinguishing device 422. The hot aerosol automatic fire extinguishing device 422 notifies that the bracket 421 is installed above the high-voltage switchgear body 1. When the risk processing instruction generation module 3 outputs that there is a safety risk, and the safety risk is a fire risk, the computer 33 outputs a fire extinguishing instruction to the safety disposal controller 44 through the output end of the input and output interface 31. The safety disposal controller 44 controls the hot aerosol automatic fire extinguishing device 422 to start fire extinguishing based on the fire extinguishing instruction.

[0111] The automatic hot aerosol fire extinguishing device 422 can be automatically controlled by electrical signals. The S-type aerosol fire extinguishing agent it sprays is primarily composed of nitrogen dioxide (N2), a small amount of carbon dioxide (CO2), and solid metal salt particles, all of which are non-toxic. In actual firefighting, the S-type aerosol spraying process takes only about one minute, and extinguishing the fire is completed in just two to three minutes. This process is harmless to humans. It offers high fire extinguishing efficiency and no secondary damage to electrical appliances. The S-type aerosol fire extinguishing mechanism primarily absorbs heat and cools the fire, while also chemically suppressing the fire, resulting in high fire extinguishing efficiency.

[0112] Example 6, the automatic pressure relief device includes a vacuum pump 431, an integrated block 432 and multiple pressure relief pipes 433, and the multiple pressure relief pipes 433 are respectively installed on the shell of the high-voltage switch cabinet body 1. The integrated block 432 is provided with an air extraction connection port, multiple pressure relief connection ports and multiple internal channels. The air extraction connection port is connected to the multiple pressure relief connection ports through the multiple internal channels. The vacuum extraction port of the vacuum pump 431 is connected to the air extraction connection port of the integrated block 432 through a pipeline. The multiple pressure relief pipes 433 are located at one end outside the shell of the high-voltage switch cabinet body 1 and are respectively connected to the multiple pressure relief connection ports of the integrated block 432 through pipelines. When the risk processing instruction generation module 3 outputs that there is a safety risk, and the safety risk is an internal overpressure risk, the computer 33 outputs a pressure relief instruction to the safety handling controller 44 through the output end of the input and output interface 31. The safety handling controller 44 controls the vacuum pump 431 to start air extraction and pressure relief based on the pressure relief instruction.

[0113] The automatic pressure relief device uses the suction force of the vacuum pump 431 to quickly discharge the high-pressure gas inside the high-voltage switchgear body 1, which can effectively avoid the risk of explosion caused by high pressure.

[0114] In Example 7, the safety disposal controller 44 includes an instruction cache 441 and a control chip 442. The instruction cache 441 is communicatively connected to the output end of the input / output interface 31, and the control chip 442 is communicatively connected to the instruction cache 441, and respectively controls the execution actions of the first automatic switch 411, the second automatic switch 412, the hot aerosol automatic fire extinguishing device 422 and the vacuum pump 431.

[0115] The control chip 442 can realize automatic control of each device.

[0116] Example 8, a safety control method for a high-voltage switchgear with an intelligent safety device, uses a high-voltage switchgear with an intelligent safety device to control the safety risk of a high-voltage switchgear body 1, comprising the following steps:

[0117] Step 1: The computer 33 communicates with the memory 32 to interactively collect multi-source data, where the multi-source data includes a visual image within a five-meter radius around the high-voltage switchgear body 1, a visual image inside the high-voltage switchgear body 1, audio data, vibration data, internal air pressure data, internal temperature data, and operating voltage and current data of the high-voltage switchgear body 1;

[0118] Step 2: The computer 33 inputs the multi-source data into a weighted risk assessment model, which outputs whether a security risk exists and the type of risk.

[0119] Step 3: If it is determined that there is a security risk, the computer 33 outputs a matching instruction number based on the improved fuzzy Petri net instruction decision model. The computer 33 retrieves the control instruction and control object from the risk instruction database based on the instruction number and transmits them to the security disposal controller 44.

[0120] In step 4, the safety handling controller 44 controls the execution actions of the automatic power-off control device, the automatic fire extinguishing device, and the automatic pressure relief device based on the control instructions and the control objects.

[0121] In Example 9, when the risk handling instruction generation module 3 outputs that a safety risk exists, the computer 33 outputs a circuit disconnection instruction to the safety handling controller 44 through the output terminal of the input / output interface 31. The safety handling controller 44 controls the first automatic switch 411 and the second automatic switch 412 to disconnect based on the circuit disconnection instruction.

[0122] If the safety risk is a fire risk, the computer 33 outputs a fire extinguishing instruction to the safety handling controller 44 through the output terminal of the input / output interface 31. The safety handling controller 44 controls the hot aerosol automatic fire extinguishing device 422 to start extinguishing the fire based on the fire extinguishing instruction.

[0123] If the safety risk is internal overpressure risk, the computer 33 outputs a pressure relief instruction to the safety handling controller 44 through the output end of the input / output interface 31 . The safety handling controller 44 controls the vacuum pump 431 to start exhausting and relieving pressure based on the pressure relief instruction.

[0124] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. High-voltage switchgear with intelligent safety devices, characterized by: The invention comprises a high-voltage switch cabinet body (1) and an intelligent safety device, wherein the intelligent safety device comprises a safety risk monitoring module (2), a risk processing instruction generation module (3) and a risk processing device, wherein the safety risk monitoring module collects visual images, audio data and air pressure data within a set range around and inside the high-voltage switch cabinet body (1), and collects operation data and vibration data of the high-voltage switch cabinet body (1); the risk processing instruction generation module (3) is connected in communication with the safety risk monitoring module (2), and analyzes whether there is a safety risk and the type of risk based on the visual image, audio data and vibration data, and generates a risk processing instruction based on the risk type; the risk processing device comprises an automatic power-off control device, an automatic fire extinguishing device, an automatic pressure relief device and a safety handling controller (44) based on a control chip; the safety handling controller (44) is connected in communication with the risk processing instruction generation module (3) to exchange risk handling instructions, and controls the execution actions of the automatic power-off control device, the automatic fire extinguishing device and the automatic pressure relief device respectively based on the risk handling instructions; The safety risk monitoring module (2) includes an external camera (21), an internal camera (22), an internal audio collection microphone (23), a vibration sensor (24), an air pressure sensor (25), a temperature sensor (26) and a switch cabinet operation data collection module (27), wherein the external camera (21) is installed outside the high-voltage switch cabinet body (1) through a bracket to capture visual images within a range of five meters around the high-voltage switch cabinet body (1), the internal camera (22) is installed inside the high-voltage switch cabinet body (1) to collect visual images inside the high-voltage switch cabinet body (1), and the internal audio collection microphone (23) and the vibration sensor (24) are respectively installed inside the high-voltage switch cabinet body (1) to collect visual images inside the high-voltage switch cabinet body (1). Audio data and vibration data in the high-voltage switch cabinet body (1), the air pressure sensor (25) is used to collect the air pressure inside the high-voltage switch cabinet body (1), the temperature sensor (26) is used to collect the temperature inside the high-voltage switch cabinet body (1), the switch cabinet operation data acquisition module (27) is electrically connected to the high-voltage switch cabinet body (1), and collects the operating voltage and current data of the high-voltage switch cabinet body (1), the external camera (21), the internal camera (22), the internal audio acquisition microphone (23), the vibration sensor (24), the air pressure sensor (25), the temperature sensor (26) and the switch cabinet operation data acquisition module (27) are respectively connected to the risk processing instruction generation module (3); The risk processing instruction generation module (3) includes an input and output interface (31), a memory (32) and a computer (33), wherein the input terminal of the input and output interface (31) is respectively connected to the data output end of the external camera (21), the internal camera (22), the internal audio acquisition microphone (23), the vibration sensor (24), the air pressure sensor (25), the temperature sensor (26) and the switch cabinet operation data acquisition module (27), the memory (32) is connected to the input and output interface (31), the computer (33) is connected to the memory (32) to collect the interactively collected multi-source data, and the computer (33) deploys a weighted risk assessment system based on multi-source information fusion. An evaluation model, an improved fuzzy Petri net instruction decision model and a risk instruction database are input into the weighted risk evaluation model to output whether there is a safety risk and the risk type. The risk type includes arc fault risk, mechanical failure risk, fire risk and internal overvoltage risk. If it is determined that there is a safety risk, the computer (33) inputs the risk type into the improved fuzzy Petri net instruction decision model. The improved fuzzy Petri net instruction decision model outputs a matching instruction number. The computer (33) retrieves a control instruction and a control object from the risk instruction database based on the instruction number, and transmits the control instruction to the safety disposal controller (44) through the output end of the input and output interface (31); Assume that the collected data points are D = {d1, d2, ..., d n }, where d i Represents the i-th type of data, first for each type of data d i Extract feature F i , for each feature F i Assign weight W i , calculate the risk score R for each feature i , R i =f(F i , W i ); Set a score threshold for each feature. If the score exceeds the threshold, it is directly judged that there is a security risk. Where f is the scoring function, which can be a linear or nonlinear function; Calculate the total risk score R: Set a total risk score threshold. If there is no single security risk, but the total risk score is greater than the total risk score threshold, the security risk is still output as present. The mathematical expression of the dynamic decision-making process based on multimodal risk assessment is as follows: Risk characteristic coding matrix: C(t) = Φ softmax(R(t)); Where Φ is a 4×4 risk type-severity matrix; Real-time priority calculation: γ∈[0,1] is the state stability coefficient; The rule base structure of the improved fuzzy Petri net decision model is: Node set: N = {sensor anomaly, arc characteristics, temperature and pressure rate, ...}; Execute the instruction generation function: Where: μ i (t) is the membership degree of the i-th risk, I ik is the association matrix between risk type i and execution device k, θ k is the activation threshold of actuator k.

2. The high-voltage switchgear with an intelligent safety device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic power-off control device comprises a first automatic switch (411) and a second automatic switch (412), wherein the first automatic switch (411) is a circuit breaker of a high-voltage switch cabinet body (1), and the second automatic switch (412) is used to control the on-off of the high-voltage switch cabinet body (1) connected to the mains power line. When the risk processing instruction generation module (3) outputs that there is a safety risk, the computer (33) outputs a circuit disconnection instruction to the safety handling controller (44) through the output end of the input / output interface (31), and the safety handling controller (44) controls the first automatic switch (411) and the second automatic switch (412) to disconnect based on the circuit disconnection instruction.

3. The high-voltage switchgear with an intelligent safety device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The automatic fire extinguishing device comprises a bracket (421) and a hot aerosol automatic fire extinguishing device (422). The hot aerosol automatic fire extinguishing device (422) notifies the bracket (421) to be installed above the high-voltage switch cabinet body (1). When the risk processing instruction generation module (3) outputs that there is a safety risk, and the safety risk is a fire risk, the computer (33) outputs a fire extinguishing instruction to the safety handling controller (44) through the output end of the input / output interface (31). The safety handling controller (44) controls the hot aerosol automatic fire extinguishing device (422) to start extinguishing the fire based on the fire extinguishing instruction.

4. The high-voltage switchgear with an intelligent safety device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The automatic pressure relief device comprises a vacuum pump (431), an integrated block (432) and a plurality of pressure relief pipes (433), wherein the plurality of pressure relief pipes (433) are respectively installed on the shell of the high-voltage switch cabinet body (1), the integrated block (432) is provided with an air extraction connection port, a plurality of pressure relief connection ports and a plurality of internal channels, the air extraction connection port is respectively connected to the plurality of pressure relief connection ports through the plurality of internal channels, the vacuum extraction port of the vacuum pump (431) is connected to the air extraction connection port of the integrated block (432) through a pipeline, and the plurality of pressure relief pipes (433) are located at one end outside the shell of the high-voltage switch cabinet body (1) and are respectively connected to the plurality of pressure relief connection ports of the integrated block (432) through a pipeline. When the risk processing instruction generation module (3) outputs that there is a safety risk, and the safety risk is an internal overpressure risk, the computer (33) outputs a pressure relief instruction to the safety handling controller (44) through the output end of the input / output interface (31), and the safety handling controller (44) controls the vacuum pump (431) to start air extraction and pressure relief based on the pressure relief instruction.

5. The high-voltage switchgear with an intelligent safety device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The safety disposal controller (44) includes an instruction buffer (441) and a control chip (442). The instruction buffer (441) is communicatively connected to the output end of the input / output interface (31). The control chip (442) is communicatively connected to the instruction buffer (441) and controls the execution actions of the first automatic switch (411), the second automatic switch (412), the hot aerosol automatic fire extinguishing device (422), and the vacuum pump (431) respectively.

6. A safety control method for a high-voltage switchgear with an intelligent safety device, characterized in that: The high-voltage switchgear with the intelligent safety device according to claim 5 is used to control the safety risk of the high-voltage switchgear body (1), comprising the following steps: Step 1: The computer (33) and the memory (32) are in communication connection with each other to collect multi-source data, wherein the multi-source data includes a visual image within a five-meter range outside the high-voltage switchgear body (1), a visual image inside the high-voltage switchgear body (1), audio data, vibration data, internal air pressure data, internal temperature data, and operating voltage and current data of the high-voltage switchgear body (1); Step 2: The computer (33) inputs the multi-source data into a weighted risk assessment model, and the weighted risk assessment model outputs whether there is a security risk and the type of risk; Step 3: If it is determined that there is a security risk, the computer (33) outputs a matching instruction number based on the improved fuzzy Petri net instruction decision model, and the computer (33) retrieves the control instruction and the control object from the risk instruction database based on the instruction number and transmits them to the security disposal controller (44); In step 4, the safety handling controller (44) controls the execution actions of the automatic power-off control device, the automatic fire extinguishing device and the automatic pressure relief device respectively based on the control instructions and the control objects.

7. The safety control method for a high-voltage switchgear cabinet with an intelligent safety device according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the risk handling instruction generation module (3) outputs that there is a safety risk, the computer (33) outputs a circuit disconnection instruction to the safety handling controller (44) through the output end of the input / output interface (31), and the safety handling controller (44) controls the first automatic switch (411) and the second automatic switch (412) to disconnect based on the circuit disconnection instruction; If the safety risk is a fire risk, the computer (33) outputs a fire extinguishing instruction to the safety handling controller (44) through the output end of the input / output interface (31), and the safety handling controller (44) controls the hot aerosol automatic fire extinguishing device (422) to start extinguishing the fire based on the fire extinguishing instruction; If the safety risk is an internal overpressure risk, the computer (33) outputs a pressure relief instruction to the safety handling controller (44) through the output end of the input / output interface (31), and the safety handling controller (44) controls the vacuum pump (431) to start pumping and depressurizing based on the pressure relief instruction.

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