Overvoltage stabilizing and protecting device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of overvoltage protection, and relates to an overvoltage stabilizing and protecting device which comprises a data acquisition operation module, a control logic module, a display module, an overvoltage protecting assembly and a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker or an electric isolation handcart structure. The real-time monitoring and protection of the working state of the overvoltage protection assembly are realized; through the arrangement of the high-voltage circuit breaker or the electric isolation handcart, when the overvoltage protection assembly is detected to be abnormal, the connection between the overvoltage protection assembly and the high-voltage bus can be rapidly cut off, so that the system safety is ensured; the device integrates a transient fault recording function and can capture wave map data before and after a power frequency overvoltage fault of the system; the overvoltage protection assembly in the device adopts a geometric center air cooling heat dissipation mode, the fan is quick in starting response, the operating temperature of the overvoltage protection assembly is greatly reduced, the operating time of the overvoltage protection assembly can be effectively prolonged, and the device adopts an integrated modular structural design, so that the operation safety, the maintenance and the management are greatly facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of overvoltage protection, and in particular to an overvoltage suppression protection device. Background Art

[0002] At present, the overvoltage protection measures widely used in domestic power distribution systems mainly rely on zinc oxide lightning arresters. When the system voltage exceeds the preset value, the zinc oxide lightning arrester can quickly conduct and discharge the overvoltage energy to the ground, thereby suppressing the overvoltage and protecting the electrical equipment in the system from overvoltage damage.

[0003] Traditional overvoltage protectors generally use zinc oxide valve plates as their core components. Zinc oxide valve plates have nonlinear resistance characteristics. When the voltage is within its set threshold range, the valve plate is equivalent to an insulator; when the voltage is higher than its threshold voltage, the resistance of the valve plate decreases rapidly. However, traditional zinc oxide lightning arresters have major defects. Because they are specially used for lightning protection, the energy capacity of the zinc oxide valve plate is limited. When the internal overvoltage occurs frequently, the energy is large, or the duration is long, the valve plate of the zinc oxide lightning arrester cannot withstand it and will definitely be burned and damaged. In addition, the heat dissipation of traditional overvoltage protectors relies solely on natural conditions, and its heat dissipation effect is very small. The valve plate will accumulate thermal damage and accelerate aging when it runs in a high temperature environment for a long time. High heat is the primary cause of its damage. Therefore, the zinc oxide lightning arrester cannot effectively suppress the internal overvoltage and cannot protect the electrical equipment in the system operation. It is barely borrowed, and there are major problems.

[0004] The National Standards Administration issued GB / T11032-2020 in Table D.1 Typical parameters of lightning arresters for power stations and distribution. It points out that when the effective value of the rated voltage of the lightning arrester is; taking 12KV as an example, its DC 1mA reference voltage is 17.4KV, and the energy of the overvoltage can be described in the form of a triangular peak. The lower the overvoltage is suppressed, the stronger the overvoltage energy reduction in the system. The protection limit of existing overvoltage protection equipment is ≥17KV, which is far from the suppression protection of 12KV. How to reduce the suppression of overvoltage in the distribution system is a technical problem in this field.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to invent an overvoltage protection device to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the internal overvoltage energy in the existing power distribution system is several orders of magnitude higher than the lightning overvoltage energy, the zinc oxide lightning arrester cannot effectively suppress the internal overvoltage, and the zinc oxide lightning arrester cannot ensure the safe operation of the electrical equipment in the power distribution system. The present invention provides an overvoltage suppression protection device to solve the problems existing in the prior art;

[0007] In order to achieve the above objectives, the following technical solutions are provided:

[0008] An overvoltage suppression protection device is applied to a power distribution system. The overvoltage protection component is electrically connected to the busbar through a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker or an electric isolation trolley. The overvoltage protection component suppresses overvoltage in the power distribution system. The overvoltage suppression protection device includes: a data acquisition operation module, a control logic module, a display module and a power supply module. The data acquisition operation module, the control logic module, the display module and the power supply module are electrically connected.

[0009] Preferably, the data acquisition and calculation module records and collects transient waveforms before and after the power frequency overvoltage fault of the system occurs, and includes a data acquisition unit and a data processor. The data acquisition unit includes a fault signal acquisition unit and a data storage unit, the data acquisition and calculation module is configured with software and ports for transmitting recorded data, and the data processor has a built-in harmonic analysis module and a data transmission communication unit to analyze and transmit the collected data;

[0010] The control logic module includes: a DC control circuit and an AC control circuit, wherein the AC control circuit is provided with a switch-on / off status indicator light, a trolley position status indicator light, a display controller, a cooling fan, a temperature and humidity controller, a heating dehumidifier and a temperature and humidity sensor, and the components of the AC control circuit are electrically connected;

[0011] The DC control circuit is provided with a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker closing and opening controller, an overvoltage protection component temperature controller, an industrial computer and a temperature alarm buzzer, and the components of the DC control circuit are electrically connected;

[0012] The display module includes: a transient fault recorder and a powered display module; the transient fault recorder includes an industrial computer display screen, a harmonic analysis module, a fault signal acquisition unit, a data storage and communication unit, and software and corresponding interfaces for transmitting recorded data; the power supply module provides a stable power supply for the system, and a converter is provided in the power supply module, and the power supply module provides AC and DC power to each module through the converter.

[0013] Preferably, the AC control loop is electrically connected to the data acquisition unit and the powered display, and the overvoltage protection component thermostat in the AC control loop monitors the temperature of the overvoltage protection component. When the temperature of the overvoltage protection component reaches a preset first temperature threshold, the overvoltage protection component thermostat controls the first node in front of the cooling fan to close, so that the cooling fan starts to cool the overvoltage protection component.

[0014] Preferably, the DC control loop is electrically connected to the industrial computer display screen and the data processor. When the overvoltage protection component thermostat detects that the temperature reaches a preset second temperature threshold, the overvoltage protection component thermostat controls the second node inside it to close, guiding the built-in opening coil in the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker closing and opening controller to operate, causing the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker to open or the electric isolation trolley to disconnect, so that the overvoltage protection component exits the high-voltage circuit.

[0015] Preferably, the data acquisition and operation module is provided with a voltage detection circuit and a current detection circuit, the voltage detection circuit is electrically connected to the data acquisition and operation module, the current detection circuit is electrically connected to the data acquisition and operation module, the independent compartment space where the data acquisition and operation module is located is the instrument room, the equipment in the instrument room is isolated from the high-voltage part in the electrical cabinet by electrical interlocking and mechanical interlocking, and the data acquisition and operation module supports conventional analog quantity acquisition and conventional switch quantity acquisition.

[0016] Preferably, a temperature alarm buzzer is provided in the AC control loop, and when the overvoltage protection component thermostat detects that the temperature reaches a preset second temperature threshold, the temperature alarm buzzer flashes and sounds an alarm prompt.

[0017] Preferably, the temperature and humidity sensor in the AC control loop uploads the detection data to the temperature and humidity controller, and the temperature and humidity controller controls the heating dehumidifier to heat and dehumidify the electrical cabinet to prevent the electrical components and equipment in the cabinet from getting damp.

[0018] Preferably, an electric chassis vehicle controller may also be provided in the electrical cabinet, and the electric chassis vehicle controller has the function of remotely and locally operating the electric isolation trolley. When the data acquisition and operation module detects that the current or temperature of the overvoltage protection component on the working line is abnormal, the data processor controls the electric isolation trolley to automatically exit, so that the overvoltage protection component quickly exits the high-voltage circuit.

[0019] Preferably, the data acquisition unit, industrial computer, data processor, overvoltage protection component temperature controller, high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker and overvoltage protection component are all grounded.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] The device of the patent of this invention uses the human-computer dialogue technology of computers, sensors, display screens, and keyboard compartments to achieve intelligent monitoring and protection; the device has an innovative design and scientifically uses overvoltage protection components made of new materials, which makes the device achieve unprecedented effects and technical levels, and can allow ultra-large currents of tens of thousands of amperes to pass instantly, greatly improving the system's overvoltage protection capabilities and effectiveness.

[0022] The present invention has a scientific and reasonable structural layout, is highly integrated, and each functional unit is independently divided and arranged, which completely achieves electromagnetic shielding and isolation between high and low voltages, and has extremely high safety and reliability. The device cleverly uses a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker or an electric isolation trolley to replace the traditional upper isolation switch, reducing the size and improving practicality and reliability.

[0023] The device of the present invention is equipped with key components such as current sensors, optical fiber temperature sensors, and high-voltage vacuum circuit breakers or electric chassis trolleys, so as to achieve real-time monitoring and protection of the working status of the overvoltage protection component, and can quickly cut off the circuit to ensure system safety.

[0024] The device of the present invention integrates a transient fault recording function, which can capture transient waveform data before and after the system power frequency overvoltage fault, providing valuable data support for in-depth analysis of the transient process of the system power frequency overvoltage. The overvoltage protection component in the device adopts a forced air cooling heat dissipation method, and the heat dissipation fan starts and responds quickly, which can quickly reduce the temperature of the overvoltage protection component, greatly increasing the effective operation time of the overvoltage protection component. The present invention can effectively suppress overvoltage in the distribution system through the use of overvoltage protection devices. The protection limit of the present invention is 13.2kV, which is much lower than the protection limit of 17KV of traditional overvoltage equipment, greatly improving the ability of the distribution system to effectively suppress overvoltage and protect the safe and stable operation of the distribution system.

[0025] The device of the present invention integrates a modular structure design, which is convenient for uniform installation and coordination with system equipment, and greatly facilitates operation management and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrical cabinet using an overvoltage suppression protection device;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrical cabinet using an overvoltage suppression protection device;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrical cabinet using an overvoltage suppression protection device;

[0029] Figure 4 This is the principle diagram of the fault recording signal collection of the overvoltage suppression protection device;

[0030] Figure 5 This is the power frequency withstand voltage test table for overvoltage suppression protection devices;

[0031] Figure 6 This is the lightning impulse withstand voltage test table for overvoltage suppression protection devices;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a local test table for overvoltage suppression protection devices.

[0033] In the figure: 1. Data acquisition and calculation module; 2. Instrument door; 3. Electric isolation trolley; 4. Circuit breaker room; 5. Lower door; 6. Electrical cabinet; 7. Primary bus; 8. Moving and static contacts; 9. Rear door; 10. Overvoltage protection component; 11. Manual trip button; 12. Current sensor; 13. Overvoltage protection component thermostat; 14. Trip controller; 15. AC control circuit; 16. DC control circuit; 17. Temperature alarm buzzer; 18. Optical fiber temperature sensor; 19. Cooling fan; 20. First node, 21. Second node, 22. High-voltage vacuum circuit breaker; 23. Data acquisition unit; 24. Data processor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the schematic diagrams in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1-5 As shown, it includes: a data acquisition and operation module 1, an instrument door 2, an electric isolation trolley 3, a circuit breaker chamber 4, a lower door 5, an electrical cabinet body 6, a primary busbar 7, a moving and static contact 8, a rear door 9, and an overvoltage protection component 10, all of which are placed in the electrical cabinet body 6; the overvoltage smoothing and protection device also includes an instrument door 2, which has a wave chart display screen, an instrument, a button and an indicator light, and the instrument door 2 can also have an electric chassis vehicle controller; the overvoltage smoothing and protection device also includes an instrument room, which is an independent chamber above the cabinet body, and the data acquisition and operation module 1 is fixedly installed in the instrument room; the overvoltage smoothing and protection device also includes an electric isolation trolley 3, which is located in the circuit breaker chamber 4, and the circuit breaker chamber 4 has a simulated line diagram, a keyboard compartment and a nameplate; the electrical cabinet body 6 is provided with a rear door 9; the overvoltage protection component 10 is installed in the chamber below the electrical cabinet body 6, and the circuit breaker chamber 4 and the overvoltage protection component 10 chamber are high-voltage chambers.

[0036] In some embodiments, the data acquisition and operation module 1 includes a data acquisition unit 23 and a data processor 24. The data acquisition unit 23 can record the transient waveform of the acquisition channel before and after the system power frequency overvoltage fault occurs. It has a built-in harmonic analysis module, a fault signal acquisition unit, a data storage unit, a data transmission communication unit, etc. The data acquisition and operation module 1 is configured with software and ports for transmitting the recorded data, and the data processor 24 performs statistics on the collected data. It supports conventional analog quantity acquisition and conventional switch quantity acquisition, and can connect up to 96 analog quantities and 512 switch quantity signals. The transient sampling rate is up to 100kHz, and the steady-state sampling rate is up to 50kHz. The independent compartment space where the data acquisition and operation module 1 is located is the instrument room, and the equipment in the instrument room is isolated from the high-voltage part by electrical interlocking and mechanical interlocking.

[0037] In some embodiments, the electric isolation trolley 3 is located inside the circuit breaker chamber 4. The electric isolation trolley 3 can be replaced by a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker 22 or a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker 22 with an electric chassis control function. The circuit breaker trolley can be moved between the operating position and the test / isolation position to facilitate maintenance and overhaul. An interlocking device is provided between the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker 22 and the valve. When the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker 22 moves from the test position to the working position, the valve will automatically open; when the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker 22 moves from the operating position to the test / isolation position, the valve will reset and automatically cover the static contact to prevent the operator from touching the live part. The isolation trolley is used to form a visible physical disconnection point to ensure maintenance safety. It does not have the ability to break current by itself and is usually operated in conjunction with an electric chassis trolley.

[0038] In some embodiments, the circuit breaker chamber 4 is provided as an independent compartment space in the middle of the front of the cabinet body for installing the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker 22. The circuit breaker chamber 4 is provided with a main circuit simulation line diagram, a keyboard compartment, a nameplate, a trolley swing hole and a five-protection interlocking device; a pressure release plate is installed in the circuit breaker chamber 4. When a fault occurs inside the switch cabinet and an arc is generated, the high-pressure gas will break through the pressure release plate and be released, thereby protecting the safety of the operator and other equipment.

[0039] In some embodiments, the lower door 5 is the lowest door in front of the cabinet, which can correspond to the opening or closing of the cable room. The cable room is used to install cable terminals and connection equipment to achieve the connection of incoming and outgoing lines. The cable room also has a current detection circuit, a voltage sensor, an overvoltage protection component 10 and a grounding switch. The front lower cabinet door and the rear lower cabinet door are provided with a mechanical interlocking device. The cabinet door can only be opened after being reliably disconnected from the high-voltage circuit to ensure the safety of people and equipment during maintenance; the lower door 5 has an observation window made of explosion-proof glass to facilitate observation of the internal situation.

[0040] In some embodiments, the whole device consists of a fixed cabinet frame and a removable electric isolation trolley. The cabinet structure is solid and made of high-quality aluminum-zinc plate processed by CNC equipment. It has strong anti-oxidation and corrosion resistance, and has high rigidity and mechanical strength. The interior of the cabinet is divided into multiple independent electrical rooms, including a primary busbar room, a circuit breaker room 4, a cable room and an instrument room. The rooms are isolated by partitions to ensure electrical safety.

[0041] In some embodiments, a primary busbar 7 is provided in the cabinet. The primary busbar 7 is located in an independent compartment space at the upper rear of the cabinet. The primary busbar 7 is generally a copper flat long strip conductor, which is used for common use between the switch cabinet and the cabinet to distribute and transmit electric energy. The primary busbar 7 is the common power supply of the main circuit of the system and is always energized when the system is running.

[0042] In some embodiments, the independent compartment space where the primary busbar 7 is located is called a busbar room. The busbar room is mainly used to install the primary busbar and is the main channel for electric energy transmission in the power system. The busbar room is provided with an explosion-proof pressure relief channel. When a fault occurs inside the switch cabinet, the high-pressure gas can be released through the pressure relief channel to reduce the internal pressure. The busbar room is isolated by partitions to ensure the safety of the operators. At the same time, insulators are also installed in the busbar room to support and fix the primary busbar 7 to prevent the primary busbar 7 from being damaged due to vibration or external force. The rear sealing plate, large curved plate and plug board with valve of the busbar room form an isolation barrier inside the switch cabinet. When the primary busbar 7 fails and arcs, these barriers can effectively prevent the arc from spreading to the adjacent electrical room, ensuring the safety of the operators.

[0043] In some embodiments, a cabinet rear upper door is provided at the position corresponding to the busbar room on the back of the cabinet. The high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker 22 and the moving and static contacts 8 in the cabinet are key components to ensure the normal connection and disconnection of the circuit. They are made of highly conductive materials. When the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker is closed, the moving contact is inserted into the static contact and reliably contacts to form a closed path of the circuit. The upper static contact is connected to the primary busbar 7, and the lower static contact is connected to the overvoltage protection component 10. The rear door 9 is located at the rear lower part of the cabinet and serves as a cable room door. The cable room is mainly used to install cable terminals, overvoltage protection components 10 and other equipment. At the same time, the cable room is also equipped with an observation window made of explosion-proof glass, which is convenient for operators to observe the internal situation of the cable room. The cable room and the circuit breaker room 4 are isolated by a partition to ensure the safety of the operators. At the same time, the cable room is also equipped with safety devices such as a pressure release plate and a grounding switch interlock to prevent internal faults from generating arcs and opening the rear lower door 5 with power on, which endangers the personal safety of the operator and causes injury.

[0044] In some embodiments, the solution of the overvoltage protection component 10 adopts the overvoltage protection component 10 and system provided by Chinese invention patent CN119108167A. The component includes key components such as the overvoltage protection component 10, electrodes, insulating tubes, heat dissipation fans 19, and temperature sensors. The insulating core tube provides a central heat dissipation channel for the overvoltage protection component 10, and the heat dissipation fan 19 provides a forced air cooling function, as well as a temperature control protection function and an overcurrent protection function, so that the overvoltage protection component 10 can still operate stably under a long-term overvoltage state.

[0045] In some embodiments, the overvoltage protection component 10 is designed to be directly connected to the main circuit, one end is connected to the static contact at the lower end of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker 22, and the other end is connected to the ground bus of the system to form an effective overvoltage protection circuit. Each overvoltage suppression protection device uses 6 overvoltage protection components 10, and each phase of the primary bus 7A, B, and C uses a group of 2 overvoltage protection components 10 in series, totaling 3 groups; the current sensor 12 is installed on the outside of the overvoltage protection component 10, used to monitor the current flowing through each group of overvoltage protection components, and is connected to the data acquisition and operation module 1 for communication, and can transmit the monitored data to the data acquisition unit 23 for further analysis and processing. The current sensor 12 and the lower outlet are arranged on the side of the lower door 5 to facilitate personnel operation and maintenance.

[0046] In some embodiments, the overvoltage suppression protection device of the present invention integrates a transient fault recording function to capture transient waveform data before and after the power frequency overvoltage fault of the system. It is equipped with a 19-inch color LCD screen that can display the waveform image in real time. Its core components include a harmonic analysis module, a fault signal acquisition unit, a data storage module, a data transmission communication unit, and software and corresponding interfaces for transmitting the recorded data.

[0047] In some embodiments, the AC control circuit 15 is provided with a closing and opening status indicator light, a trolley position status indicator light, an overvoltage protection component thermostat 13, a cooling fan 19, a temperature and humidity controller, a heating dehumidifier and a temperature and humidity sensor, and the components of the AC control circuit 15 are electrically connected; the DC control circuit 16 is provided with a trolley 3, an opening controller 14 and an overvoltage protection component thermostat 13, an alarm protector, an industrial computer, a display and a temperature alarm buzzer 17, and the components of the DC control circuit 16 are electrically connected.

[0048] The transient fault recorder has the ability to flexibly configure the startup trigger threshold parameters: once the device is installed and put into operation, the user can preset the upper and lower startup thresholds of the three-phase voltage change of the primary bus 7, the phase-to-ground current startup threshold of the overvoltage protection component, the startup threshold of the open triangle voltage change of the system voltage detection circuit, and the sudden change startup threshold of the neutral point-to-ground current of the secondary winding of the transformer according to the parameter conditions of normal system operation, so as to accurately record and trigger the recording function.

[0049] The recording data file can comprehensively record the key period information before and after the fault occurs, including the stable state before the fault, the initial stage of the fault, the primary bus 7 voltage and the zero-sequence open triangle voltage waveform just before the fault ends and after the fault. At the same time, it can also record the sudden change waveform of the zero-sequence current at the neutral point of the voltage detection circuit, and the current change waveform of the phase-to-ground device protection unit during the system power frequency overvoltage energy discharge process.

[0050] The transient recording software is compatible with the software platform of the power grid system. The transient waveform data can be viewed on the display screen on the front of the cabinet, providing convenience for on-site maintenance personnel. It can also be compatible with the centralized control center of the substation, for example, so that personnel can view it remotely.

[0051] In some embodiments, the high-voltage electrical cabinet part of the electrical cabinet usually contains a large number of electrical equipment, and the equipment may generate a strong electromagnetic field when running. When the touch screen is installed on the high-voltage electrical cabinet, if its design or installation fails to fully consider electromagnetic compatibility, it may be interfered by these electromagnetic fields, causing the touch screen to work unstably or malfunction. In this embodiment, the touch screen is not used; the live display is used to intuitively display whether the electrical equipment has operating voltage. When the equipment is energized, the display will flash or display corresponding indications to warn the operator that the high-voltage equipment is energized to avoid safety accidents caused by misoperation. At the same time, phase failure can also be intuitively detected.

[0052] In some embodiments, the electric chassis vehicle is designed according to the requirement of realizing fully remote operation of the intelligent power distribution cabinet. The electric chassis vehicle can be combined with the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker 22 or the isolation trolley. The isolation trolley is usually operated in conjunction with the electric chassis vehicle to form a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker or electric isolation trolley with electric chassis control function. When the current or temperature of the overvoltage protection component 10 on the working line is detected to be abnormal and reaches the set protection threshold, the electric chassis vehicle can quickly and automatically move the relevant electrical equipment from the working position to avoid further risks or damage.

[0053] The electric chassis vehicle controller has multiple protections for the motor drive circuit, and the quality is more reliable and durable; it has multiple protection motor drive circuits, which can realize over-current short-circuit protection, soft start function, and motor residual energy active discharge circuit; it has a real-time monitoring function of motor current, which can display the motor working current, starting current, and historical maximum current; it has a standard RS485 communication interface, and can be controlled by the host computer software; it has a remote button control port, and the user can connect the button for remote control; it has a working position positioning compensation function to compensate for the working position deviation caused by complex working conditions; it has an anti-stuck reversing function, which can effectively prevent the mechanism from getting stuck; the stall current setting function enables the device to flexibly adapt to various working conditions; it has series interlocking and parallel interlocking ports, which are convenient for users to lock the device to avoid misoperation; the control ports are all 24V safe voltage isolated from high voltage, which can effectively avoid electric shock.

[0054] In some embodiments, the overvoltage protection component thermostat 13 uses a fluorescent fiber optic temperature sensor 18 to measure temperature. The LCD display of the overvoltage protection component thermostat 13 is wall-mounted. The display automatically enters the "main interface" after power-on. When the transmitter is correctly connected, the displayed temperature will be automatically read. The display interface refreshes the temperature information every 1500ms; if the temperature exceeds the upper and lower limits of the measurement range and is open, -0P- will be displayed; when the displayed temperature reaches the over-temperature alarm setting temperature, the display will sound an alarm.

[0055] The overvoltage protection component thermostat 13 is respectively connected to the temperature sensor and the heat dissipation fan 19 of the overvoltage protection component 10. The overvoltage protection component thermostat 13 sets a first temperature threshold. When the temperature of the overvoltage protection component 10 is greater than the first temperature threshold, the overvoltage protection component thermostat 13 closes the first node 20 to start the heat dissipation fan 19; when the temperature of the overvoltage protection component 10 is lower than the first temperature threshold, the heat dissipation fan 19 remains in the closed state; the nonlinear element thermostat 13 sets a second temperature threshold (higher than the first temperature threshold). When the temperature of the overvoltage protection component 10 is greater than the second temperature threshold, the overvoltage protection component thermostat 13 closes the second node 21 to trigger the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker 22 or the electric chassis vehicle isolation trolley automatically moves away to cut off the primary circuit to ensure the safety of the equipment.

[0056] In some embodiments, the temperature and humidity controller is used to monitor and control the temperature and humidity inside the switch cabinet in real time to ensure the normal operation of the equipment. The sensor monitors the temperature and humidity inside the switch cabinet in real time and transmits the collected data to the controller. The controller compares the temperature and humidity according to the preset range. When the actual temperature and humidity exceed the set range, the controller controls the auxiliary equipment (such as fans, heaters or dehumidifiers) through the control output interface for adjustment.

[0057] In some embodiments, a manual trip button 11 is provided on the outside of the instrument door 2 of the overvoltage suppression protection device. When the overvoltage suppression protection device issues an alarm and the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker 22 structure does not automatically exit, the manual trip button 11 can be manually pressed to force the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker 22 to exit, thereby protecting the stability of the equipment in the overvoltage suppression protection device.

[0058] In some embodiments, the simulated line diagram is printed on a hard plastic plate, which is hung outside the circuit breaker chamber 4 of the cabinet. The simulated line diagram is used to display information such as the wiring method and operating status of the power system, making it easier for operators and maintenance personnel to quickly understand the overall structure and operating mode of the system.

[0059] In some embodiments, the keyboard compartment structure mainly includes a support plate, a steel wire, and a vertical cabin arranged in the center of the circuit breaker chamber 4. The cabin is designed with an inwardly recessed isolation space for accommodating input devices such as a mouse and a keyboard. The opening and closing of the keyboard compartment is simple and quick, and can be achieved by simply rotating the iron plate.

[0060] The lower edge of the pallet is connected to the lower edge of the cabin by a rotating shaft, so that the pallet can rotate around the rotating shaft, and the rotation angle range is 0° to 90°, where 0° means that the pallet is parallel to the ground, which is convenient for operators and maintenance personnel to use; 90° means that the iron plate is tightly fitted with the cabin, ensuring the safe storage of the mouse and keyboard. There are handles at the two corners of the lower end of the pallet, and the pallet can be pulled out to open the keyboard compartment. When the keyboard compartment is open, the pallet rotates around the rotating shaft to be parallel to the ground, and the steel wire is released to the longest length. At this time, the mouse and keyboard can be placed horizontally on the pallet, which is convenient for maintenance personnel to input commands and data and other operations. When the keyboard compartment is closed, the pallet rotates around the rotating shaft back to the position where it is fitted with the cabin, and is kept stable by the tension of the steel wire.

[0061] like Figure 5-Figure 6 As shown, the corresponding experimental data were obtained after actual measurement of the electrical cabinet using the overvoltage suppression protection device. The electrical cabinet in the power system takes the 12kV system as an example: the protection limit of the traditional overvoltage protection device is ≥17kV, while the protection limit of the present invention is only 13.2kV. The present invention has achieved good results in the power frequency withstand voltage test and the lightning impulse withstand test.

[0062] like Figure 7 As shown, during the test, the power frequency voltage applied to the test object should be increased to the rated voltage, maintained for 2-10S, and then reduced to 1.05 times the test object's operating voltage. At this voltage, the internal partial discharge amount is measured.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] The cabinet of the overvoltage suppression protection device can be installed in parallel with the on-site use environment. When the device is working normally, the data acquisition and calculation module 1 monitors the system voltage, current and other electrical parameters in real time, and has the functions of harmonic analysis, fault signal acquisition, data storage and transmission, and can record the transient waveform data before and after the system power frequency overvoltage fault.

[0065] When overvoltage occurs in the system, the overvoltage protection component 10 responds quickly. The component is composed of overvoltage protection components. When the voltage exceeds the set threshold, the overvoltage protection component changes from a high-resistance state to a low-resistance conduction state to discharge the overvoltage energy. At the same time, the data acquisition and calculation module 1 records the transient waveform data during the overvoltage fault process and displays it in real time through the wave chart display screen.

[0066] An optical fiber temperature sensor 18 is installed inside the overvoltage protection component 10 to monitor the temperature of the overvoltage protection component in real time. When the temperature exceeds the first temperature threshold, the overvoltage protection component thermostat 13 controls the first node 20 to close, and the heat dissipation fan 19 is started to force air cooling of the overvoltage protection component. If the temperature continues to rise to the preset second temperature threshold (higher than the preset first temperature threshold), the overvoltage protection component thermostat 13 will control the second node 21 to close, guide the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker 22 to close the built-in opening coil in the opening controller 14, causing the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker 22 to open, so that the electrical cabinet exits the high-voltage circuit, protecting the equipment from damage.

[0067] The device is equipped with an intelligent electric chassis vehicle controller, which is matched with an isolation trolley to form an electric isolation trolley. The chassis vehicle can be remotely or locally operated to swing in and out. When the overvoltage protection component 10 on the working line detects abnormal current or temperature, the electric chassis vehicle can quickly and automatically exit to ensure system safety. The device also has a remote communication function, which can upload monitoring data and fault information to the centralized control center to achieve remote monitoring and management.

[0068] All parts of the device have good insulation performance and grounding system to ensure electrical safety. Safety devices such as pressure release plates are installed in the cabinet to prevent arcs caused by internal faults from causing harm to operators. The cable room is equipped with an observation window made of explosion-proof glass to facilitate operators to observe the internal situation while ensuring safe isolation.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] The temperature control system mainly includes: a cooling fan 19, an overvoltage protection component thermostat 13, an overvoltage protection component 10, a temperature alarm buzzer 17, and a temperature sensor 18.

[0071] The heat dissipation fan 19 is fixed below the insulating mounting plate, corresponding to the position directly below the overvoltage protection component 10 , and the start and stop of the fan is controlled by the first node 20 of the overvoltage protection component thermostat 13 .

[0072] The overvoltage protection component thermostat 13 includes a sensor and a controller. The sensor collects temperature data from the overvoltage protection component and outputs it to the controller. When the temperature data reaches the first temperature threshold preset by the controller, the controller will output a first alarm signal, the first node 20 will be closed, and the heat dissipation fan 19 will be started to blow the airflow into the central heat dissipation channel of the overvoltage protection component 10 to achieve heat dissipation of the overvoltage protection component. When the preset first temperature threshold is not reached, the first node 20 is in a disconnected state, and the heat dissipation fan 19 does not work; when the temperature data input by the controller reaches the preset second temperature threshold, the controller will output a second alarm signal, instruct the output second node 21 to be closed, the circuit breaker is disconnected, and the temperature alarm buzzer 17 alarms at the same time, and the overvoltage protection component 10 is disconnected from the primary bus 7 as a whole. At this time, the first node 20 is still in a closed state, and the heat dissipation fan 19 keeps running; when the temperature data input by the controller drops below the preset second temperature threshold and above the preset first temperature threshold, there is no function of automatic closing of the circuit breaker, and it is necessary to manually eliminate the cause of the temperature exceeding the limit and manually close the circuit breaker.

[0073] Example 3

[0074] The current sensor 12 is installed outside the overvoltage protection component 10 , and is used to detect the current flowing through the multiple overvoltage protection components, and can be connected to the data acquisition and operation module 1 for communication.

[0075] The current sensor 12 in the current detection circuit transmits the current data to the data acquisition unit 23, and then the data processor 24 processes the data; when the current data reaches a preset first current threshold (i.e., a larger current value or a current that lasts for a longer time), the data processor 24 will issue an instruction to control the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker 22 to open, so that the overvoltage protection component is disconnected from the primary bus. When the preset first current threshold is triggered, the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker 22 will not automatically close. The high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker 22 can only be manually closed after the fault factor is manually eliminated.

[0076] Example 4

[0077] When the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker 22 is not used, an electric chassis isolation trolley can also be used to reduce costs. The command output alarm signal is transmitted to the electric chassis trolley controller to control the electric chassis isolation trolley to withdraw, thereby isolating it from the primary bus 7. The control logic is the same as when the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker 22 is used.

Claims

1. An overvoltage protection device, applied to a power distribution system, characterized in that: The overvoltage protection component is electrically connected to the busbar through a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker or an electric isolation trolley. The overvoltage protection component suppresses the overvoltage in the power distribution system. The overvoltage suppression protection device includes: a data acquisition operation module, a control logic module, a display module and a power supply module. The data acquisition operation module, the control logic module, the display module and the power supply module are electrically connected.

2. The overvoltage protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition and calculation module records and collects transient waveforms before and after the power frequency overvoltage fault of the system occurs, and includes a data acquisition unit and a data processor. The data acquisition unit includes a fault signal acquisition unit and a data storage unit. The data acquisition and calculation module is configured with software and ports for transmitting recorded data. The data processor has a built-in harmonic analysis module and a data transmission communication unit to analyze and transmit the collected data. The control logic module includes: a DC control circuit and an AC control circuit, wherein the AC control circuit is provided with a switch-on / off status indicator light, a trolley position status indicator light, a display controller, a cooling fan, a temperature and humidity controller, a heating dehumidifier and a temperature and humidity sensor, and the components of the AC control circuit are electrically connected; The DC control circuit is provided with a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker closing and opening controller, an overvoltage protection component temperature controller, an industrial computer and a temperature alarm buzzer, and the components of the DC control circuit are electrically connected; The display module includes: a transient fault recorder and a powered display module; the transient fault recorder includes an industrial computer display screen, a harmonic analysis module, a fault signal acquisition unit, a data storage and communication unit, and software and corresponding interfaces for transmitting recorded data; the power supply module provides a stable power supply for the system, and a converter is provided in the power supply module, and the power supply module provides AC and DC power to each module through the converter.

3. The overvoltage protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The AC control loop is electrically connected to the data acquisition unit and the powered display. The overvoltage protection component thermostat in the AC control loop monitors the temperature of the overvoltage protection component. When the temperature of the overvoltage protection component reaches a preset first temperature threshold, the overvoltage protection component thermostat controls the first node in front of the cooling fan to close, so that the cooling fan starts to cool the overvoltage protection component.

4. The overvoltage protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The DC control loop is electrically connected to the industrial computer display screen and the data processor. When the overvoltage protection component thermostat detects that the temperature reaches a preset second temperature threshold, the overvoltage protection component thermostat controls the second node inside it to close, guiding the built-in opening coil in the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker closing and opening controller to operate, causing the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker to open or the electric isolation trolley to disconnect, so that the overvoltage protection component exits the high-voltage circuit.

5. The overvoltage protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The data acquisition and operation module is provided with a voltage detection circuit and a current detection circuit. The voltage detection circuit is electrically connected to the data acquisition and operation module, and the current detection circuit is electrically connected to the data acquisition and operation module. The independent compartment space where the data acquisition and operation module is located is the instrument room. The equipment in the instrument room is isolated from the high-voltage part in the electrical cabinet by electrical interlocking and mechanical interlocking. The data acquisition and operation module supports conventional analog quantity acquisition and conventional switch quantity acquisition.

6. The overvoltage protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A temperature alarm buzzer is provided in the AC control loop. When the overvoltage protection component thermostat detects that the temperature reaches a preset second temperature threshold, the temperature alarm buzzer flashes and sounds an alarm prompt.

7. The overvoltage protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The temperature and humidity sensor in the AC control loop uploads the detection data to the temperature and humidity controller, and the temperature and humidity controller controls the heating dehumidifier to heat and dehumidify the electrical cabinet to prevent the electrical components and equipment in the cabinet from getting damp.

8. The overvoltage protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The electrical cabinet may also be provided with an electric chassis vehicle controller, which has the function of remotely and locally operating the electric isolation trolley. When the data acquisition and operation module detects that the current or temperature of the overvoltage protection component on the working line is abnormal, the data processor controls the electric isolation trolley to automatically exit, so that the overvoltage protection component quickly exits the high-voltage circuit.

9. The overvoltage protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The data acquisition unit, industrial computer, data processor, overvoltage protection component temperature controller, high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker and overvoltage protection component are all grounded.

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