Compressed air photovoltaic panel dust removal system under multiple working conditions

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of dust removal, in particular to a compressed air photovoltaic panel dust removal system under multiple working conditions, which comprises an air compressor, the air compressor is connected with a compressed air energy storage tank, and the air compressor is used for conveying compressed air to the compressed air energy storage tank; the compressed air energy storage tank is communicated with an airflow pipeline through an air outlet, the other end of the airflow pipeline is communicated with a cleaning device, and the cleaning device is used for blowing and cleaning dust on the photovoltaic panel; the problems of secondary abrasion of a photovoltaic panel and waste of water resources caused by traditional mechanical friction and water jet dust removal modes are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of dust removal, and in particular to a compressed air photovoltaic panel dust removal system under multiple working conditions. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of photovoltaic power generation technology, the cleanliness of photovoltaic panels has become an important factor affecting their power generation efficiency; especially in special environments such as wind, sand, haze, and oceans, dust and impurities are easily accumulated on the surface of photovoltaic panels, resulting in a significant decrease in the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic panels.

[0003] At present, the dust removal methods for photovoltaic panels mainly include mechanical, electrostatic, self-cleaning coating, water, turbulence, etc.; the existing dust removal technologies disclosed are listed as follows: an automatic water jet cleaning system studied by Alghamdi et al. can significantly reduce sand pollution and increase the output power of photovoltaics by 27%; a PV cleaning device using water and anionic and cationic surfactants studied by Moharram et al. is ineffective when using unpressurized water alone; Kazem et al. found that the water purification method most suitable for each region needs to act according to local conditions. Although the water purification method is quite successful, it is not suitable for large-scale application in arid areas with limited water supply.

[0004] However, the problem with the above-mentioned prior art is that the traditional mechanical friction and water jet dust removal methods may cause secondary wear to the photovoltaic panels and waste of water resources. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a compressed air photovoltaic panel dust removal system under multiple working conditions to solve the problem that traditional mechanical friction and water jet dust removal methods will cause secondary wear of photovoltaic panels and waste of water resources.

[0006] The present invention discloses a compressed air photovoltaic panel dust removal system under multiple working conditions, comprising an air compressor, which is connected to a compressed air energy storage tank and is used to deliver compressed air to the compressed air energy storage tank; the compressed air energy storage tank is connected to an air flow pipeline through an air outlet, and the other end of the air flow pipeline is connected to a cleaning device, which is used to blow and clean dust on the photovoltaic panel.

[0007] Specifically, the cleaning device includes a three-way joint, several three-way joints are connected to the airflow pipeline, and a single three-way joint is provided with a pneumatic nozzle opposite to the photovoltaic panel; the spraying main pipeline is connected to the airflow pipeline, and the spraying main pipeline is provided with pulse solenoid valves equal to the number of pneumatic nozzles, and a single pulse solenoid valve is connected to the corresponding pneumatic nozzle through a spraying branch pipeline.

[0008] Optimally, the present invention further comprises a moving device, which is connected to the cleaning device and is used to drive the cleaning device to move up and down and rotate.

[0009] Specifically, the moving device includes a fixed rod, which is rotatably connected to the airflow duct; at least one moving slider is fixedly connected to the fixed rod, and the moving slider forms a vertical sliding connection with the corresponding slide rail, and the slide rail is fixedly connected to the bracket for installing the photovoltaic panel; a cylinder is fixedly connected to the slide rail, and the cylinder is used to push the moving slider to move up and down on the slide rail.

[0010] Specifically, the moving device also includes an outlet valve, which is arranged on the airflow pipeline, and the airflow pipelines at one end or both ends of the outlet valve are rotatably connected to the outlet valve; and the asynchronous motor drives the airflow pipeline to rotate and move.

[0011] Optimally, a proportional valve is provided on the airflow pipeline, and the proportional valve is used to open or close the airflow pipeline; a heating device for heating the high-pressure gas in the airflow pipeline is connected to the airflow pipeline, and a temperature gauge is installed on the heating device.

[0012] Optimally, the air flow pipeline uses a hose or a hard pipe, and the three-way joint uses plastic or stainless steel material.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention sets an airflow duct to allow the compressed air in the compressed air storage tank to enter the cleaning device, and forms a high-pressure airflow through the nozzle to perform impact dust removal on the photovoltaic panel array; the pulse jet airflow realizes an efficient repeated cleaning mechanism, which not only significantly enhances the thoroughness of cleaning, but also greatly accelerates the operating efficiency of the photovoltaic panel array dust removal system. Compared with traditional mechanical friction and water jet dust removal methods, the present invention has the advantages of easy acquisition, sufficient energy, clean and green, avoids secondary wear on the photovoltaic panel array and waste of water resources, and has significant environmental and economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cleaning device.

[0016] In the figure, 1. air compressor; 2. compressed air energy storage tank; 3. air flow pipeline; 4. photovoltaic panel; 5. power supply; 6. PLC; 7. three-way connector; 8. pneumatic nozzle; 9. main spray pipeline; 10. pulse solenoid valve; 11. spray branch pipeline; 12. fixing rod; 13. moving slider; 14. slide rail; 15. bracket; 16. cylinder; 17. outlet valve; 18. asynchronous motor; 19. proportional valve; 20. heating device; 21. thermometer; 22. rotary adjustable locking device; 23. energy storage device; 24. inverter; 25. switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to clearly understand the technical solution of the present application, a compressed air photovoltaic panel dust removal system under multiple working conditions provided by the present application will be described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and drawings.

[0018] The terms used in the following embodiments are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to be used as limitations to the present application. As used in the specification and claims of the present application, the singular expressions "one", "a kind of", "above", "the" and "this" are intended to also include expressions such as "one or more", unless there is a clear indication to the contrary in the context. It should also be understood that in the following embodiments of the present application, "at least one", "one or more" refer to one, two or more than two.

[0019] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" etc. described in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, the phrases "one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in some other embodiments", "in some other embodiments", etc. appearing in different places in this specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways. The terms "including", "comprising", "having" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways. Example

[0020] This embodiment provides a compressed air photovoltaic panel dust removal system under multiple working conditions. Figure 1, which shows a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. It can be seen from the figure that the invention includes an air compressor 1, which is connected to a compressed air energy storage tank 2, and the air compressor 1 is used to deliver compressed air to the compressed air energy storage tank 2; the compressed air energy storage tank 2 is provided with an air outlet, which is connected to an airflow duct 3, and the other end of the airflow duct 3 is connected to a cleaning device, which is used to blow and clean the dust on the photovoltaic panel 4; the invention is also provided with a power supply 5 and a PLC6, and the power supply 5 and PLC6 can directly use existing products that can be purchased on the market. The power supply 5 and PLC6 are electrically connected to the electrical equipment in the present invention, and will not be repeated here.

[0021] Combination Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the cleaning device structure shown in the figure, the cleaning device includes a three-way joint 7, multiple three-way joints 7 are installed on the airflow duct 3 and connected with the airflow duct 3 (for example, the number of three-way joints 7 in this embodiment is 8), and a single three-way joint 7 is provided with a pneumatic nozzle 8, and the pneumatic nozzle 8 is used to face the photovoltaic panel 4; a spraying main pipe 9 is provided above the airflow duct 3, and the spraying main pipe 9 is connected with the airflow duct 3. The spraying main pipe 9 is provided with a pulse solenoid valve 10 equal to the number of the pneumatic nozzles 8, and a single pulse solenoid valve 10 is connected with the corresponding pneumatic nozzle 8 through a spraying branch pipe 11. As an optimization scheme, in order to facilitate the all-round dust removal of the photovoltaic panel 4, the present invention is also provided with a moving device, and the moving device is connected to the cleaning device; the specific scheme of the moving device is as follows.

[0022] Specifically, the moving device includes a fixed rod 12, which is rotatably connected to the airflow duct 3; two moving sliders 13 are fixedly connected to the fixed rod 12, and the moving sliders 13 are vertically slidably connected to the corresponding slide rails 14, and the slide rails 14 are fixedly connected to the bracket 15, and the bracket 15 is used to install the photovoltaic panel 4; a cylinder 16 is fixedly connected to the slide rail 14, and the output shaft of the cylinder 16 is connected to the moving slider 13, and the cylinder 16 is used to push the moving slider 13 to move up and down on the slide rail 14; an outlet valve 17 is provided on the airflow duct 3, and the airflow ducts 3 at both ends of the outlet valve 17 are rotatably connected to the outlet valve 17, and an asynchronous motor 18 is also provided on one side of the airflow duct 3, and the asynchronous motor 18 drives the airflow duct 3 to rotate through belts and other components.

[0023] The cylinder 16 serves as a core driving component. Through the linear displacement formed by its extension and retraction, it drives the cleaning device to run vertically and smoothly on the slide rail 14. The movement of the cylinder 16 is precisely controlled by the electronic control system. The control system dynamically adjusts the displacement range and speed of the cylinder 16 according to the dust distribution on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 4, the cleaning requirements and the geometric characteristics of the photovoltaic panel 4 array. The displacement sensor monitors the position of the slider in real time and feeds the data back to the controller. The control system adjusts the extension and retraction state of the cylinder 16 according to the preset program and environmental parameters. The overload protection function installed in the present invention avoids damage to the cylinder 16 and the asynchronous motor 18 due to abnormal working conditions.

[0024] The present invention sets an airflow duct 3 to allow the compressed air in the compressed air storage tank 2 to enter the cleaning device, and forms a high-pressure airflow through the nozzle to perform impact dust removal on the photovoltaic panel 4 array; wherein the pulse jet airflow realizes an efficient repeated cleaning mechanism, which not only significantly enhances the thoroughness of cleaning, but also greatly accelerates the operating efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 4 array dust removal system. Compared with traditional mechanical friction and water jet dust removal methods, the present invention has the advantages of easy acquisition, sufficient energy, clean and green, avoids secondary wear of the photovoltaic panel 4 array and waste of water resources, and has significant environmental protection and economic benefits.

[0025] The present invention further combines pulse spraying, a cleaning device and a moving device, and adopts a cylinder 16 to control the displacement of the cleaning device, accurately adjust the position of the cleaning device, and ensure that the pneumatic nozzle 8 can move up and down and rotate. At this time, the strong airflow ejected from the pneumatic nozzle 8 removes dust from the photovoltaic panel 4 to achieve cleaning without dead ends; and the asynchronous motor 18 drives the cleaning device to rotate, changing the spraying angle of the nozzle, thereby improving the spraying efficiency and ensuring that the surface of the photovoltaic panel 4 is fully covered.

[0026] In actual use, the number of pneumatic nozzles 8 and the distances between the pneumatic nozzles 8 can be arranged according to the size of the photovoltaic panel 4, so that the pulse jet airflow can fully impact any position of the photovoltaic panel 4 within the range of the mobile device.

[0027] In addition to the power supply 5, PLC6, and pulse solenoid valve 10, the intelligent control device also includes a temperature sensor, a current sensor, a voltage sensor, a proportional valve 19, and a switch 25; the temperature sensor, the current sensor, and the voltage sensor are combined to detect the working state and power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 4 in real time, and the feedback control technology is used to achieve accurate intermittent dust removal operation, thereby optimizing the cleaning effect and improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 4. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel 4 to determine whether the photovoltaic panel 4 temperature rises due to dust, impurity coverage, or abnormal ambient temperature; the current sensor and the voltage sensor measure the power generation output of the photovoltaic panel 4 in real time, calculate the current power generation efficiency, and compare it with the ideal state to determine the degree of pollution. The control module analyzes the operating state of the photovoltaic panel 4 according to the detection data, and when the surface temperature or power generation efficiency is lower than the set threshold, it issues an instruction to start the cleaning process. During the cleaning process, the controller accurately controls the pulse solenoid valve 10 to remove dust particles and adherent impurities on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 4 through intermittent strong airflow. The pressure, interval time, and duration of the spraying are dynamically adjusted by the intelligent control algorithm to adapt to different environments and pollution conditions.

[0028] A proportional valve 19 is installed on the airflow pipeline 3, and the proportional valve 19 is used to open or close the airflow pipeline 3; the airflow pipeline 3 is connected to a heating device 20 (such as an existing heater, etc.), and a thermometer 21 is installed on the heating device 20, and the heating device 20 is used to heat the high-pressure gas. When the present invention is used in cold and snowy areas, it can play the role of defrosting and removing snow from the photovoltaic panel 4; and the thermometer 21 is used to measure the outdoor temperature and the temperature of the high-pressure gas. When the outdoor temperature is lower than 0 degrees Celsius, the heating function is turned on, and when the high-pressure gas temperature is higher than 10 degrees Celsius, the heating function is turned off. On the other hand, when the heating device 20 is turned on, the air is heated by the heating element, and the temperature rises rapidly, preventing the gas from frosting and freezing in the flow pipeline of the system due to low temperature. The temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the heated air. When the gas temperature is higher than 0 degrees Celsius, the system automatically turns off the heating function to prevent overheating; the proportional valve 19 adjusts the air flow in real time through the sensor to work at the best efficiency.

[0029] The air flow is regulated by the proportional valve 19, which is dynamically adjusted according to the degree of pollution to balance the cleaning effect and energy consumption; the proportional valve 19 is based on the synergy of electric-to-gas conversion, the regulation of the pneumatic actuator and the feedback control system. First, the electrical signal sent by the control system (PLC6) enters the electric-to-gas converter, which converts the electrical signal into a corresponding air pressure signal; the air pressure signal acts on the air chamber of the pneumatic actuator to drive the piston or diaphragm to move, thereby pushing the valve stem and the valve core. The position of the valve core determines the opening of the fluid through the valve, and the size of the opening directly adjusts the flow; when the electrical signal changes, the air pressure signal changes accordingly, and the piston drives the valve core to adjust accordingly; the pneumatic proportional flow valve is usually equipped with a feedback device to monitor the valve core position or actual flow, and feed this information back to the control system to form a closed-loop control; the control system adjusts the electrical signal according to the deviation between the feedback signal and the set value, thereby achieving precise flow control, thereby controlling the start and stop of the air compressor 1, the proportional valve 19, the flow control of the pulse solenoid valve 10, and the start of the cleaning device.

[0030] The present invention is based on advanced sensing technology and control algorithms. PLC6 monitors the overall temperature of the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 4 in real time by receiving signals from current sensors, voltage sensors and temperature sensors. It can independently determine whether to start the cleaning program based on the sensor data, thereby controlling the cylinder 16 and the asynchronous motor 18 to achieve dead-angle blowing. The pulse solenoid valve 10 adjusts the pressure of the airflow pipeline 3 and controls the opening of the pulse solenoid valve 10 and the airflow jet time, so as to clean most of the foreign matter on the photovoltaic panel 4 in the most economical way. In the cleaning process, in addition to removing foreign matter, the temperature of the photovoltaic panel 4 is also reduced by gas, which greatly improves the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 4 array.

[0031] As a specific implementation, according to the actual situation on site, the air flow duct 3 can use a hose or a hard pipe, the three-way joint 7 can use plastic or stainless steel material, and the pneumatic nozzle 8 can select nozzles of different apertures according to the actual gas consumption.

[0032] The present invention combines the pulse electromagnetic valve 10 with the sensor, and adjusts the injection frequency and intensity of the airflow according to the signal feedback to achieve the airflow injection with the maximum efficiency.

[0033] As an optimization solution, in order to timely lock the movable slider 13 , the present invention further provides a rotationally adjustable locking device 22 (such as a bolt, etc.), which is used to lock the movable slider 13 on the slide rail 14 . Example

[0034] The technical innovation of the present invention also lies in that the electricity consumption of all equipment in the system is provided by the power supply 5 of the photovoltaic power generation process; the energy consumption of the compressed air energy storage tank 2 is provided by the abandoned photovoltaic power that cannot be connected to the grid during the photovoltaic power generation process, thereby realizing the function of compressed air energy storage. When the photovoltaic panel 4 array needs to be cleaned, the gas enters the cleaning device through the airflow duct 3, thereby achieving the purpose of dust removal of the photovoltaic panel 4 array.

[0035] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the abandoned photovoltaic energy in the photovoltaic power generation process is used to store compressed air energy, and the stored compressed air is used to perform impact dust removal on the photovoltaic panel 4 array, which effectively avoids the waste of a large amount of abandoned photovoltaic energy and ensures that the system can still work normally under low compressed air output, further improving the adaptability and reliability of the system.

[0036] In order to improve the stability of the system, it is necessary to build a large compressed air energy storage tank 2 gas station. Due to the ever-changing environmental impact of photovoltaic power generation, it is regarded as an unstable energy source and cannot be connected to the power grid, which will generate a large amount of abandoned photovoltaic power. A large amount of abandoned photovoltaic power is compressed and stored in the compressed air energy storage tank 2. When the efficiency of the compressed air generating equipment decreases or stops working, the energy storage device 23 can maintain the normal operation of the dust removal system by balancing the energy; the abandoned photovoltaic power that cannot be connected to the power grid is used for compressed air energy storage, and then the solar panel array is impacted and dusted by releasing high-pressure airflow.

[0037] The air compressor uses the abandoned photovoltaic power that cannot be connected to the grid to work, and stores the compressed air in the energy storage tank to maintain the stability of the clean operation when there is no wind or low compressed air output.

Claims

1. A compressed air photovoltaic panel dust removal system under multiple working conditions, characterized by: The invention comprises an air compressor (1), the air compressor (1) is connected to a compressed air energy storage tank (2), and the air compressor (1) is used to deliver compressed air to the compressed air energy storage tank (2); the compressed air energy storage tank (2) is connected to an air flow pipeline (3) through an air outlet, and the other end of the air flow pipeline (3) is connected to a cleaning device, and the cleaning device is used to blow and clean dust on the photovoltaic panel (4).

2. The compressed air photovoltaic panel dust removal system under multiple working conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cleaning device comprises a three-way joint (7), a plurality of three-way joints (7) are connected to the airflow pipeline (3), and a single three-way joint (7) is provided with a pneumatic nozzle (8) for facing the photovoltaic panel (4); a main spray pipeline (9) is connected to the airflow pipeline (3), and the main spray pipeline (9) is provided with pulse solenoid valves (10) equal in number to the pneumatic nozzles (8), and a single pulse solenoid valve (10) is connected to a corresponding pneumatic nozzle (8) via a branch spray pipeline (11).

3. The compressed air photovoltaic panel dust removal system under multiple working conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The utility model also comprises a moving device, which is connected to the cleaning device and is used for driving the cleaning device to move up and down and rotate.

4. The compressed air photovoltaic panel dust removal system under multiple working conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The moving device comprises a fixed rod (12), the fixed rod (12) being rotatably connected to the airflow duct (3); at least one moving slider (13) being fixedly connected to the fixed rod (12), the moving slider (13) being vertically slidably connected to a corresponding slide rail (14), the slide rail (14) being fixedly connected to a bracket (15) for mounting a photovoltaic panel (4); and a cylinder (16) being fixedly connected to the slide rail (14), the cylinder (16) being used to push the moving slider (13) to move up and down on the slide rail (14).

5. The compressed air photovoltaic panel dust removal system under multiple working conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The moving device further comprises an outlet valve (17), wherein the outlet valve (17) is arranged on the airflow pipeline (3), and the airflow pipeline (3) at one end or both ends of the outlet valve (17) is rotatably connected to the outlet valve (17); and the asynchronous motor (18) drives the airflow pipeline (3) to rotate and move.

6. The compressed air photovoltaic panel dust removal system under multiple working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airflow pipeline (3) is provided with a proportional valve (19), which is used to open or close the airflow pipeline (3); the airflow pipeline (3) is connected to a heating device (20) for heating the high-pressure gas in the airflow pipeline (3), and a temperature gauge (21) is installed on the heating device (20).

7. The compressed air photovoltaic panel dust removal system under multiple working conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air flow duct (3) is made of a hose or a hard pipe, and the three-way joint (7) is made of plastic or stainless steel.

Images