Outdoor power test system for double-sided photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic module testing, and discloses a double-sided photovoltaic module outdoor power testing system which comprises N testing modules capable of working independently, N is larger than or equal to 1, and each testing module comprises two testing parts which are symmetrically arranged. The testing part comprises a light reflecting unit used for reflecting light and a testing unit used for testing light, the light reflecting unit and the testing unit are symmetrically arranged, the light reflecting unit and the testing unit incline downwards from the top to the bottom and make contact with each other, an included angle a is formed between the light reflecting unit and the testing unit, and the included angle a is larger than 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees. The method can effectively reflect the real working state of the solar cell under the outdoor complex condition, can carry out accelerated light aging under the natural light and the operation state of the module, is more accurate in the aspects of spectrum distribution, emergent angle and the like, and can effectively reflect the real working state of the solar cell under the outdoor complex condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic component testing, and in particular relates to an outdoor power testing system for a double-sided photovoltaic component. Background Art

[0002] The overall performance of outdoor power generation of photovoltaic modules deserves more attention. At present, the power of photovoltaic modules is calibrated in factories or laboratories, which is far from the actual performance of the modules. The main reason is that the composite meteorological environment is quite different from STC (laboratory test data), and the laboratory test data cannot truly reflect the performance in outdoor environments. At present, the power of modules is calibrated using the light source of a solar simulator, and the light source used for calibration is a simulated light source of AM1.5. However, since the simulated light source in the laboratory does not have the scattered light and dispersion of the real sun, and the pulsed irradiation does not match the actual power generation situation of continuous solar radiation, it can only be used as a characterization reference data, and cannot represent the power generation performance of photovoltaic modules in outdoor power generation. Therefore, it is particularly important to establish a solar cell outdoor test platform that complies with IEC60904-1 and GB / T6495.1 for testing the IV characteristics of photovoltaic modules in outdoor environments.

[0003] In addition, various types of fixed brackets in the industry still need to be installed manually. After all parts are transported to the site, workers assemble all parts one by one according to the drawings through bolts or connectors, which requires a lot of manpower costs. The installation quality and speed vary according to factors such as the quality of the workers. In addition, workers need to work at high altitudes during operations such as installing photovoltaic panels, which poses a safety hazard.

[0004] In summary, the power calibration of photovoltaic modules is currently carried out in an artificially controlled environment in which the solar cells are located. The defect of this method is that the emitted light from the indoor solar simulator is quite different from the sunlight under natural conditions in terms of spectral distribution and emission angle. The artificial simulation environment cannot effectively reflect the actual working state of the solar cells under complex outdoor conditions. However, photovoltaic modules are operated outdoors, and real outdoor data is needed as a basis for determining the power generation of the modules. Currently, photovoltaic modules are bifacial modules, but the power generation of the back side is not considered during the testing and shipment stages. However, the power generation of the back side cannot be ignored in actual operation, especially when the capacity ratio of the photovoltaic power station is over-matched. The increase will further test the overcurrent capacity of the equipment. The outdoor test plan is designed based on the comprehensive power generation of the components at that moment. A number of outdoor photovoltaic product demonstration experimental bases have been built at home and abroad, but the demonstration bases are installed with hundreds or thousands of components. The confusion of boundary conditions has increased uncertainty, the comparison error of the test results is large, and the data credibility is not high enough to form a unified domestic recognition. Domestic third-party certification testing agencies have designed different test sequences for the reliability of components according to IEC61215, but in the test environment, the components are off-grid tested and cannot simulate the normal working state of the components. Therefore, when the results are used for long-term durability testing of components, they are not objective and accurate enough. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of the present disclosure is to provide a double-sided photovoltaic module outdoor power testing system to solve or alleviate one or more of the above technical problems in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a double-sided photovoltaic module outdoor power test system, comprising a driving component and N independently operable test components, N≥1, an installation space for installing the test component is formed above the driving component, the driving component is used to drive the test component to rotate relative to itself, and the test component includes two symmetrically arranged test parts, and the test parts include a symmetrically arranged reflective unit for reflecting light and a test unit for testing light, and the reflective unit and the test unit are both inclined downward from top to bottom and in contact, a V-shaped light trap space is formed between the reflective unit and the test unit, and an angle a is formed between the reflective unit and the test unit, 0°<a<90°.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the driving assembly includes a test platform, and four rotating piles for adjusting the horizontality of the test platform are installed below the test platform.

[0008] In a possible implementation, a plurality of rotation limiting mechanisms are installed above the test platform, the test assembly is installed above the rotation limiting mechanisms, and the rotation limiting mechanisms are used to drive the test assembly to rotate horizontally relative to the test platform.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the reflective unit includes a first supporting frame, and a plurality of reflective members are fixedly connected to a side of the first supporting frame facing the light trapping space.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the test unit includes a second supporting frame, and two scattering members are symmetrically distributed on one side of the second supporting frame facing the light trapping space, and a light detection member is disposed on the second supporting frame and disposed between the two scattering members.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, a plurality of crystalline silicon reference plates are further disposed on the second supporting frame, and the plurality of crystalline silicon reference plates are distributed between the scattering element and the light detecting element.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner, two temperature probes are further disposed on the second supporting frame, and the two temperature probes are symmetrically distributed between the crystalline silicon reference plate and the light detection element.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the light detection element includes a spectrum analyzer and an irradiator.

[0014] In a possible implementation, a slide rail is disposed on one side of the second supporting frame opposite to the first supporting frame.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner, a wind direction and speed sensor is fixedly connected to the top of the second supporting frame.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) Compared with the test system for indoor testing, the present invention has the characteristics of greater authenticity, reliability and effectiveness, and can effectively reflect the actual working state of solar cells under complex outdoor conditions.

[0018] (2) The present inventor artificially simulates the environment and adopts a uniform type of bracket to simulate the actual power generation, so that the device can be adjusted according to the actual environment, with a large control range and high test accuracy.

[0019] (3) When the present invention conducts accelerated light aging experiments, it can simulate outdoor conditions and perform accelerated light aging under natural light and component operation conditions. It is more accurate in terms of spectral distribution, emission angle, etc., and can effectively reflect the actual working state of solar cells under complex outdoor conditions.

[0020] (4) The test of the present invention can test not only the power generation at the front side, but also the power generation at the back side. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and together with the specification are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 is a side view of this exemplary embodiment;

[0023] Figure 2 is a front view of a second supporting frame of this exemplary embodiment;

[0024] Figure 3 is a front view of a first supporting frame of this exemplary embodiment;

[0025] Figure 4 is a circuit block diagram of this exemplary embodiment;

[0026] Figure 5 is a signal block diagram of the exemplary embodiment;

[0027] In the figure: 1. test platform; 2. rotating pile; 3. rotating limit mechanism; 4. first supporting frame; 5. second supporting frame; 6. scattering element; 7. crystalline silicon reference plate; 8. temperature probe; 9. spectrum analyzer; 10. irradiator; 11. slide rail; 12. wind direction and speed sensor; 13. reflector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as being limited to the examples set forth herein; on the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure will be more comprehensive and complete, and the concepts of the example embodiments are fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. In the following description, many specific details are provided to provide a full understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solutions of the present disclosure may be practiced while omitting one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, devices, steps, etc. may be adopted. In other cases, known technical solutions are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0029] In addition, the accompanying drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar parts, and thus their repeated description will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities. These functional entities can be implemented in software form, or implemented in one or more hardware units or integrated circuits, or implemented in different networks and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0030] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are only exemplary and do not necessarily include all the steps. For example, some steps may be decomposed, while some steps may be combined or partially combined, so the actual execution order may change according to the actual situation.

[0031] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, for example.

[0032] In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or sub-modules is not necessarily limited to those steps or sub-modules explicitly listed, but may include other steps or sub-modules not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0033] The present invention can meet the requirements of accurate measurement of components under outdoor conditions and improve measurement accuracy. The present invention can collect more light resources through the principle of light trapping, and can perform tests within a relatively wide range of solar altitude angles. The technical solution provided by the present invention can fully automate the testing, collection and analysis of online data of photovoltaic components, synchronously measure multiple components, and synchronously compare the power generation of the front and back sides, thereby improving the testing accuracy, compatibility and efficiency. The present invention can also be used as an outdoor UV aging platform.

[0034] Figure 1 is a side view of the exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 As shown, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a bifacial photovoltaic module outdoor power test system, comprising:

[0035] A driving component and N independently operable test components, N ≥ 1, an installation space for installing the test component is formed above the driving component, the driving component is used to drive the test component to rotate relative to itself, and the test component includes two symmetrically arranged test parts, and the test parts include a symmetrically arranged reflective unit for reflecting light and a test unit for testing light, and the reflective unit and the test unit are both inclined downward from top to bottom and contact, a V-shaped light trap space is formed between the reflective unit and the test unit, and an angle a is formed between the reflective unit and the test unit, 0°<a<90°.

[0036] The test platform of this embodiment uses the light trapping principle to allow more radiation to enter the component surface, which is used to solve the problems of insufficient light intensity and lack of scattered light source conditions under outdoor testing conditions of photovoltaic components, and better meet the outdoor testing environment of photovoltaic components specified in IEC60904-1 and GB / T6495.1.

[0037] In this embodiment, regarding the drive component, such as Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the driving assembly includes a test platform 1. In order to ensure the overall levelness of the test platform 1, a level meter needs to be installed on the test platform 1. Four rotating piles 2 for adjusting the levelness of the test platform 1 are installed below the test platform 1.

[0038] In addition, in the present invention, when the reflective unit and the test unit are working, in order to allow the reflective unit and the test unit to adjust according to the incident angle of the sun and receive more light sources to the maximum extent, it is necessary to adjust the angle of the test platform 1, such as Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of rotation limiting mechanisms 3 are installed above the test platform 1 , the test assembly is installed above the rotation limiting mechanisms 3 , and the rotation limiting mechanisms 3 are used to drive the test assembly to rotate horizontally relative to the test platform 1 .

[0039] In this embodiment, when the device is working, four different or identical components can be tested each time, and each test component is independently wired to ensure the consistency of the line length. Four rotating piles 2 are provided, and the test platform 1 is leveled by the four rotating piles 2 below to ensure that the overall test platform 1 is level. The outer eaves protrusions on the test platform 1 can be evenly and densely laid and carry different media, such as snow, grass, soil, sand, accumulated water and other ground media to truly simulate the outdoor back reflection situation. In addition, the test component can rotate with the solar altitude angle through the rotating limit mechanism 3 to achieve the purpose of tracking the solar altitude angle, ensuring long-term effective irradiation testing or extending the working time of short-time testing. When the device completes the adjustment, the reflective unit and the test unit work, so that the reflective unit reflects the light, so that the light is emitted to the test unit, and the intensity and direction of the solar radiation and the radiation energy in different spectral ranges of the light are measured by the test unit.

[0040] In addition, when the device is being monitored, in order to enable the device to be monitored online, the test component is connected to the online monitoring system, and each test component has a separate data signal to ensure the reliability of the data.

[0041] How does the reflective unit work? Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the reflective unit includes a first supporting frame 4, and a plurality of reflective elements 13 are fixedly connected to one side of the first supporting frame 4 facing the light trapping space.

[0042] In this embodiment, the reflector 13 is supported by the first supporting frame 4, and the light is reflected by the reflector 13. In order to ensure the test environment, the material of the reflector 13 can use other forms of material media such as white and black backboards to ensure the consistency of the test. The first supporting frame 4 and the reflector 13 can be used together as a test platform for accelerated aging experiments, utilizing accelerated aging of light traps.

[0043] And, when people need to test, how to test the test unit, such as Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the test unit includes a second supporting frame 5 , and two scattering members 6 are symmetrically distributed on one side of the second supporting frame 5 facing the light trapping space. A light detection member is arranged on the second supporting frame 5 , and the light detection member is arranged between the two scattering members 6 .

[0044] In this embodiment, when the reflective unit reflects light to the test unit and the test unit itself is irradiated with light, the intensity and direction of solar radiation and the radiation energy in different spectral ranges of the light are measured through the light detection component, and the scattering component 6 is not only made of glass, but all structures that can provide edge scattering can be used, such as the component itself, reflectors, white back panels, black back panels, etc. In addition, the material of the second supporting frame 5 can be replaced according to actual work needs. For example, when testing frameless components, structural adhesive bonding or pressing block installation is used. If white or black plastic lightweight frames are used, the corresponding frame materials are replaced. In addition, the setting of the scattering component 6 is used to ensure that the light source environment received by the test unit is closer to the environment of the actual operating conditions.

[0045] In order to test the front and back sides of the test unit, one of the two symmetrically arranged second support frames 5 can be manually turned over, and the data of the front and back sides can be output and compared synchronously. The data of the front and back sides are tested at the same time to determine the bifaciality parameters of the component under outdoor testing.

[0046] For easy reference during testing, Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of crystalline silicon reference plates 7 are further arranged on the second supporting frame 5 , and the plurality of crystalline silicon reference plates 7 are distributed between the scattering element 6 and the light detecting element.

[0047] In this embodiment, because there are certain differences between the test spectrum value of the crystalline silicon reference film 7 and the irradiation instrument, the signal system will use the data of 14 crystalline silicon reference films to determine the irradiation data, and the irradiation data of the irradiance test is used as backup and reference data.

[0048] Furthermore, during the test, in order to monitor the temperature of the device during operation, such as Figure 2 As shown, two temperature probes 8 are further arranged on the second supporting frame 5 , and the two temperature probes 8 are symmetrically distributed between the crystalline silicon reference plate 7 and the light detection element.

[0049] In this embodiment, the temperature probe 8 is used to test the temperature rise effect of the device and accurately determine the temperature repetition between devices of the same type and the temperature difference between devices of different types.

[0050] In the present invention, how the light detection element works, such as Figure 2 As shown, the light detection component includes a spectrum analyzer 9 and an irradiator 10.

[0051] In this embodiment, the radiation energy in different spectral ranges of the light and the intensity and direction of the solar radiation are measured by the spectrum analyzer 9 and the irradiator 10 .

[0052] When personnel assemble the device on site, in order to facilitate the assembly of the device, such as Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, a slide rail 11 is disposed on one side of the second supporting frame 5 and the other side of the first supporting frame 4 .

[0053] In this embodiment, the second supporting frame 5 and the first supporting frame 4 can be easily assembled on site by using the slide rail 11 .

[0054] In order to monitor the wind direction and speed near the device, Figure 2 As shown, a wind direction and speed sensor 12 is fixedly connected to the top of the second supporting frame 5. When the device is working, the wind direction and speed sensor 12 works.

[0055] When each independent test unit is working, its circuit principle is as follows Figure 4-Figure 5 As shown, when each component is running for IV testing, relevant data during operation is obtained, which can better simulate the power generation of the component under operation.

[0056] In order to ensure stable data collection of test components under low radiation, the platform uses a micro-inverter to test each component separately, and the rest of the platform's test equipment cloud is self-powered.

[0057] Furthermore, when outdoor verification is conducted using the principle of light trapping, since multiple test components that can work independently are provided, the device is not limited to the two V-shaped light trapping spaces in this solution, but may be multiple light trapping spaces, while protecting the concept of synchronous test comparison.

[0058] In summary, the scheme of outdoor demonstration by the principle of light trapping in this embodiment is not limited to the two V-shaped light trapping structures in this scheme, but can be multiple light trapping structures, while protecting the concept of synchronous test comparison. The W-shaped platform can be adjusted according to the incident angle of the sun to receive more light sources to the maximum extent. The scattering parts are not only made of glass, but all structures that can provide edge scattering, such as the component itself, reflectors, white backplanes, black backplanes, etc. All parameters of the two test units are centrally symmetrical to ensure the accuracy of the test, with a scheme of centrally symmetrical structure. The materials of the test units can be replaced according to the needs of actual work. For example, structural adhesive bonding or block installation is used to test frameless components. If white or black plastic lightweight frames are used, the corresponding frame materials are replaced. The reflective unit is to ensure the test environment. The material of the reflective device can be made of white, black backplanes, components and other forms of material media to ensure the consistency of the test. The reflective unit can be used as a test platform for accelerated aging experiments, using the idea of ​​accelerated aging platform of light trapping. The platform has a real-time online monitoring system concept, and the data of a single data signal of each component is used to ensure the reliability of the data. Because the spectral value of the crystalline silicon reference wafer test is somewhat different from that of the irradiation instrument, the signal system will use the data of 14 crystalline silicon reference wafers to determine the irradiation data value, and the irradiation data of the irradiance test will be used as backup and reference data. The entire platform can place the back of the module on the illuminated side and test the data of the front and back at the same time to determine the bifaciality parameters of the module under outdoor testing.

[0059] Compared with the test system for indoor testing, this embodiment is more authentic, reliable, and effective. It solves the problem that the artificial simulation environment cannot effectively reflect the actual working state of solar cells under complex outdoor conditions. Existing outdoor test platforms basically use different types of brackets to simulate the actual power generation. This embodiment solves the problem that this method has defects in controlling the surrounding micro-environment field and the test accuracy is not high. For accelerated light aging experiments, the difference between this embodiment and the current technology is that accelerated light aging is carried out under natural light and the component is in operation.

[0060] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A double-sided photovoltaic module outdoor power test system, Features: It includes a driving component and N independently operable test components, N≥1, an installation space for installing the test component is formed above the driving component, the driving component is used to drive the test component to rotate relative to itself, and the test component includes two symmetrically arranged test parts, and the test parts include a symmetrically arranged reflective unit for reflecting light and a test unit for testing light, and the reflective unit and the test unit are both inclined downward from top to bottom and contact, a V-shaped light trap space is formed between the reflective unit and the test unit, and an angle a is formed between the reflective unit and the test unit, 0°<a<90°.

2. A double-sided photovoltaic module outdoor power test system according to claim 1, Features: The driving assembly comprises a test platform (1), and four rotating piles (2) for adjusting the horizontality of the test platform (1) are installed below the test platform (1).

3. A double-sided photovoltaic module outdoor power test system according to claim 2, Features: A plurality of rotation limiting mechanisms (3) are installed above the test platform (1), the test assembly is installed above the rotation limiting mechanisms (3), and the rotation limiting mechanisms (3) are used to drive the test assembly to rotate horizontally relative to the test platform (1).

4. A double-sided photovoltaic module outdoor power test system according to claim 1, Features: The reflective unit comprises a first supporting frame (4), and a plurality of reflective elements (13) are fixedly connected to a side of the first supporting frame (4) facing the light trapping space.

5. A double-sided photovoltaic module outdoor power test system according to claim 4, Features: The test unit comprises a second supporting frame (5), and two scattering members (6) are symmetrically distributed on one side of the second supporting frame (5) facing the light trapping space, and a light detection member is arranged on the second supporting frame (5), and the light detection member is arranged between the two scattering members (6).

6. A double-sided photovoltaic module outdoor power test system according to claim 5, Features: A plurality of crystalline silicon reference plates (7) are also arranged on the second supporting frame (5), and the plurality of crystalline silicon reference plates (7) are distributed between the scattering element (6) and the light detection element.

7. A double-sided photovoltaic module outdoor power test system according to claim 5, Features: Two temperature probes (8) are also arranged on the second supporting frame (5), and the two temperature probes (8) are symmetrically distributed between the crystalline silicon reference plate (7) and the light detection element.

8. The double-sided photovoltaic module outdoor power test system according to claim 5, Features: The light detection component comprises a spectrum analyzer (9) and an irradiator (10).

9. A double-sided photovoltaic module outdoor power test system according to claim 5, Features: A slide rail (11) is provided on one side of the second supporting frame (5) and the opposite side of the first supporting frame (4).

10. The outdoor power test system for bifacial photovoltaic modules according to claim 5, Features: A wind direction and speed sensor (12) is fixedly connected to the top of the second supporting frame (5).

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